CN111596372B - Water-containing porosity and mineralization degree inversion method based on electromagnetic wave measurement system - Google Patents

Water-containing porosity and mineralization degree inversion method based on electromagnetic wave measurement system Download PDF

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CN111596372B
CN111596372B CN201911332678.9A CN201911332678A CN111596372B CN 111596372 B CN111596372 B CN 111596372B CN 201911332678 A CN201911332678 A CN 201911332678A CN 111596372 B CN111596372 B CN 111596372B
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water
formation
dielectric constant
porosity
mineralization
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CN111596372A (en
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李智强
杨志强
李郴
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China Institute of Radio Wave Propagation CETC 22 Research Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V3/30—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with electromagnetic waves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
    • G01N27/221—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance by investigating the dielectric properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources

Abstract

The invention discloses an inversion method of water-containing porosity and mineralization based on an electromagnetic wave measurement system, which comprises the following steps: (1) establishing an algorithm model of the water-containing porosity and mineralization degree of the electromagnetic wave measurement system: (2) the inversion algorithm process: the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the method does not depend on a curve analysis method of a cross plot, and can calculate the water-containing porosity and the formation water mineralization accurately by using measured dielectric constant and resistivity curves; (2) the method can rapidly obtain the porosity of the stratum water and the mineralization degree of the stratum water by utilizing a mutual iteration mode; (3) the algorithm is used for curve post-processing analysis and has the advantages of convenience in operation and strong convergence.

Description

Water-containing porosity and mineralization inversion method based on electromagnetic wave measurement system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum logging, and particularly relates to an inversion method of water-containing porosity and mineralization based on an electromagnetic wave measurement system in the field.
Background
In hydrocarbon evaluation, fluid saturation (water saturation, oil saturation) directly affects the reserve volume of a hydrocarbon reservoir. The formation water saturation curve can be obtained by using a resistivity logging method and an Archie formula, but along with continuous deepening of oil and gas development, water injection and polymer injection become main means of secondary and even tertiary oil recovery, the original resistivity value of the formation water can be influenced by the complicated formation water mineralization, and therefore the Archie formula cannot accurately evaluate the formation water saturation under the situation; with the continuous deepening of the exploration and development degree of the oil field, the evaluation of a thin layer, a thin interbed and a water flooded layer becomes a difficult problem to be solved urgently, and the conventional logging method is low in resolution and cannot prepare for evaluating the water flooded layer. In view of the above problems, in the 90 s of the 20 th century, a high-frequency electromagnetic wave dielectric logging method has been proposed abroad, has high resolution of a measurement curve, and can better qualitatively reflect the response characteristics of a thin layer, a thin interbed and a water flooded layer. The technology obtains dielectric true propagation time and true attenuation curves through measurement, and a logging analyst describes the rock physical characteristics of a medium by using the dielectric true propagation time and true attenuation, and then obtains the formation water porosity by using a mixing law.
With the development of well logging technology, the novel electromagnetic wave dielectric well logging system can directly obtain the dielectric constant information of the stratum, and the original mixed model is not suitable for solving the stratum water saturation degree any more. For a novel electromagnetic wave dielectric logging system, a new inversion method of the porosity and the mineralization of formation water needs to be provided so as to achieve the purpose of accurately evaluating the porosity of the formation water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an inversion method of water-containing porosity and mineralization degree based on an electromagnetic wave measurement system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the improvement of an inversion method of water-containing porosity and mineralization based on an electromagnetic wave measurement system is that the inversion method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing an algorithm model of the water-containing porosity and the mineralization degree of the electromagnetic wave measurement system:
(11) determining the relationship between the formation water resistivity and the mineralization degree and the temperature:
the unit of the formation temperature is centigrade and the symbol is T; the unit of the mineralization degree of the formation water is ppk, and the symbol is S; dielectric constant of formation water is epsilonwThe stratum water conductivity unit is s/m and the symbol is sigmaw；
According to the test of water with different mineralization degrees in a laboratory, a group of calculation formulas of the conductivity and the dielectric constant of the formation water are given:
σw(T,S)＝S0.9(a+bT+cln(S)+dT2+e(lnS)2+fTln(S)+...gT3+h(lnS)3+iT(ln(S)2)+jT2ln(S)) (1.a)
wherein, a is 0.42882188; 0.0034377782; c-0.26492245; d-1.2683641 e-05; e-0.073416435; 0.00086709916; -2.865279 e-08; h-0.0067864623; -0.00012168995; j ═ 2.3111426 e-06;
εw(T,S)＝a+bT+cS+dT2+eS2+fTS (1.b)
wherein, a is 87.202883; -0.37391532; c-0.22340578; d 0.00061457934; e-0.00026914318; 0.001024344;
the (1.b) is deformed to obtain the salinity S and T, epsilon of the formation waterwThe relationship between:
Figure BDA0002330080450000021
(12) determining a medium mixing model:
Figure BDA0002330080450000022
where ε represents a formation permittivity measurement, R represents a formation resistivity measurement, εw(T, S) represents the value of the dielectric constant of the formation water, σw(T, S) denotes the formation water conductivity value,. epsilon0Representing a dielectric constant of 8.852 x 1e-12, VshDenotes the argillaceous content, RshDenotes the mud resistivity,. epsilonmDenotes the dielectric constant of the rock skeleton,. epsilonoilDenotes the dielectric constant of the oil, φwDenotes the porosity of water content, phioilDenotes the oil-containing porosity,. phitolRepresents total porosity, T represents formation temperature, and S represents formation water mineralization;
and (3) calculating the real part:
Figure BDA0002330080450000023
Figure BDA0002330080450000024
order to
Figure BDA0002330080450000025
Figure BDA0002330080450000031
(2) The inversion algorithm process:
the temperature T at different depths can be obtained according to the logging curve, and the dielectric constant epsilon of the stratum skeleton can be obtainedmMud content VshThe following algorithm is calculated for a single point:
(21) setting an initial value of S as 1, and carrying into the formulas (1.a) and (1.b) to obtain the values of the dielectric constant and the conductivity of the formation water;
(22) bringing the result in (21) into the formula (5) to obtain the formation water-containing porosity phiw；
(23) Will (22) calculate phiwSubstituting the obtained product into a formula (7) to obtain the salinity S of the formation water;
(24) and (5) repeating the steps (21) to (23), performing iterative calculation until the porosity and the mineralization of the water-containing stratum are converged, and outputting phi and S.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method does not depend on a curve analysis method of a cross plot, and can calculate the water-containing porosity and the formation water mineralization accurately by using measured dielectric constant and resistivity curves;
(2) the method can rapidly obtain the porosity of the stratum water and the mineralization degree of the stratum water by utilizing a mutual iteration mode;
(3) the algorithm is used for curve post-processing analysis and has the advantages of convenience in operation and strong convergence.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a well log processing flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an algorithmic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the results of actual processing by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The method can effectively obtain phase and amplitude information of electromagnetic waves in stratum propagation by using an electromagnetic wave logging device, and further obtain the dielectric constant (high-frequency electromagnetic wave dielectric constant) and resistivity of the stratum.
The purpose of the embodiment is to establish an inversion method for measuring the porosity and the mineralization degree of water based on electromagnetic waves, and on the basis of measuring a formation temperature curve, a formation saturation curve, the porosity and the argillaceous content, formation water porosity and formation water mineralization information are obtained through a formation dielectric constant curve.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, this embodiment discloses an inversion method of water-containing porosity and mineralization based on an electromagnetic wave measurement system, including the following steps:
(1) establishing an algorithm model of the water-containing porosity and mineralization degree of the electromagnetic wave measurement system:
(11) determining the relationship between the formation water resistivity and the mineralization degree and the temperature:
the unit of the formation temperature is centigrade and the symbol is T; the unit of the mineralization degree of the formation water is ppk, and the symbol is S; dielectric constant of formation water is epsilonwThe stratum water conductivity unit is s/m and the symbol is sigmaw；
According to the test of water with different mineralization degrees in a laboratory, a group of calculation formulas of the conductivity and the dielectric constant of the formation water are given:
σw(T,S)＝S0.9(a+bT+cln(S)+dT2+e(lnS)2+fTln(S)+...gT3+h(lnS)3+iT(ln(S)2)+jT2ln(S)) (1.a)
wherein, a is 0.42882188; 0.0034377782; c-0.26492245; d-1.2683641 e-05; e-0.073416435; 0.00086709916; -2.865279 e-08; h-0.0067864623; -0.00012168995; j ═ 2.3111426 e-06;
εw(T,S)＝a+bT+cS+dT2+eS2+fTS (1.b)
wherein, a is 87.202883; -0.37391532; c-0.22340578; d is 0.00061457934; e-0.00026914318; 0.001024344;
the (1.b) is deformed to obtain the salinity S and T, epsilon of the formation waterwThe relationship between:
Figure BDA0002330080450000041
(12) determining a medium mixing model:
Figure BDA0002330080450000042
where ε represents a formation permittivity measurement, R represents a formation resistivity measurement, εw(T, S) represents the value of the dielectric constant of the formation water, σw(T, S) denotes the formation water conductivity value,. epsilon0Representing a dielectric constant of 8.852 x 1e-12, VshDenotes the argillaceous content, RshDenotes the mud resistivity,. epsilonmDenotes the dielectric constant of the rock skeleton,. epsilonoilDenotes the dielectric constant of the oil, φwDenotes the porosity of water content, phioilDenotes the oil-containing porosity,. phitolRepresents total porosity, T represents formation temperature, and S represents formation water mineralization;
and (3) calculating the real part:
Figure BDA0002330080450000051
Figure BDA0002330080450000052
order to
Figure BDA0002330080450000053
Figure BDA0002330080450000054
(2) The inversion algorithm process:
the temperature T at different depths can be obtained according to the logging curve, and the dielectric constant epsilon of the stratum skeleton can be obtainedmMud content VshThe following algorithm is calculated for a single point:
(21) setting an initial value of S as 1, and carrying into the formulas (1.a) and (1.b) to obtain the values of the dielectric constant and the conductivity of the formation water;
(22) bringing the result in (21) into the formula (5) to obtain the formation water-containing porosity phiw；
(23) Will (22) calculate phiwSubstituting the obtained product into a formula (7) to obtain the salinity S of the formation water;
(24) and (5) repeating the steps (21) to (23), performing iterative calculation until the porosity and the mineralization of the water-containing stratum are converged, and outputting phi and S.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing an actual processing result of the method of the present embodiment.

Claims (1)

1. An inversion method of water-containing porosity and mineralization based on an electromagnetic wave measurement system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) establishing an algorithm model of the water-containing porosity and mineralization degree of the electromagnetic wave measurement system:
(11) determining the relationship between the formation water resistivity and the mineralization degree and the temperature:
the unit of the formation temperature is centigrade and the symbol is T; the unit of the mineralization degree of the formation water is ppk, and the symbol is S; dielectric constant of formation water is epsilonwThe stratum water conductivity unit is s/m and the symbol is sigmaw；
According to the test of water with different mineralization degrees in a laboratory, a group of calculation formulas of the conductivity and the dielectric constant of the formation water are given:
Figure FDA0003515739170000011
wherein, a is 0.42882188; 0.0034377782; c-0.26492245; d-1.2683641 e-05; e-0.073416435; 0.00086709916; -2.865279 e-08; h-0.0067864623; -0.00012168995; j ═ 2.3111426 e-06;
εw(T,S)＝a+bT+cS+dT2+eS2+fTS (1.b)
wherein, a is 87.202883; -0.37391532; c-0.22340578; d is 0.00061457934; e-0.00026914318; 0.001024344;
the (1.b) is deformed to obtain the salinity S and T, epsilon of the formation waterwThe relationship between:
Figure FDA0003515739170000012
(12) determining a medium mixing model:
Figure FDA0003515739170000013
φtol＝φw+φoil
where ε represents a formation dielectric constant measurement, R represents a formation resistivity measurement, εw(T, S) represents the value of the dielectric constant of the formation water, σw(T, S) denotes the formation water conductivity value,. epsilon0Indicating a dielectric constant of 8.852e-12, VshDenotes the argillaceous content, RshDenotes the mud resistivity,. epsilonmDenotes the dielectric constant of the rock skeleton,. epsilonoilDenotes the dielectric constant of the oil, φwDenotes the porosity of water content, phioilDenotes the oil-containing porosity,. phitolRepresents total porosity, T represents formation temperature, and S represents formation water mineralization;
and (3) calculating the real part:
Figure FDA0003515739170000014
Figure FDA0003515739170000021
order to
Figure FDA0003515739170000022
Figure FDA0003515739170000023
Figure FDA0003515739170000024
(2) The inversion algorithm process:
the temperature T at different depths can be obtained according to the logging curve, and the dielectric constant epsilon of the stratum skeleton can be obtainedmMud content VshThe following algorithm is calculated for a single point:
(21) setting an initial value of S as 1, and carrying into the formulas (1.a) and (1.b) to obtain the values of the dielectric constant and the conductivity of the formation water;
(22) bringing the result in (21) into the formula (5) to obtain the formation water-containing porosity phiw；
(23) Will (22) calculate phiwSubstituting the obtained product into a formula (7) to obtain the salinity S of the formation water;
(24) and (5) repeating the steps (21) to (23), performing iterative calculation until the porosity and the mineralization of the water-containing stratum are converged, and outputting phi and S.
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