CN111568386B - Self-adaptive optical coherence tomography imaging equipment - Google Patents
Self-adaptive optical coherence tomography imaging equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111568386B CN111568386B CN202010574449.4A CN202010574449A CN111568386B CN 111568386 B CN111568386 B CN 111568386B CN 202010574449 A CN202010574449 A CN 202010574449A CN 111568386 B CN111568386 B CN 111568386B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
- A61B5/0066—Optical coherence imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0825—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a flexible sheet or membrane, e.g. for varying the focus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/181—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation
- G02B7/1815—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation with cooling or heating systems
Abstract
The application discloses self-adaptive optical coherence tomography equipment, which comprises a low-coherence light source, a coupler, a reference arm, a spectrograph, an astigmatism correcting mirror, an objective lens and a paraboloidal mirror; the astigmatism correction mirror comprises a first mirror body; the two U-shaped supports are positioned on the upper surface of the first mirror body in a crossed mode, the openings of the two U-shaped supports face the upper surface of the first mirror body, and the side walls of the two sides of the opening of each U-shaped support are positioned on the edge of the upper surface of the first mirror body; the electric heating plate is positioned in the cross area of the two U-shaped brackets and comprises a heating rod and a heating wire wound on the surface of the heating rod. The astigmatism correcting mirror has the advantages that the electric heating sheets are arranged in the crossed areas of the two U-shaped supports in the astigmatism correcting mirror, the U-shaped supports are driven to move by means of expansion and contraction caused by heating of the electric heating sheets and the amplification effect of the lever, the structure is simple, the side walls on the two sides of the opening of each U-shaped support are located on the edge of the upper surface of the first mirror body, namely the surface shape of the first mirror body is changed from the edge, the printing-through effect is avoided, astigmatism is specially corrected, and the correcting range is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical detection, in particular to self-adaptive optical coherence tomography equipment.
Background
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a new three-dimensional tomographic technique, in which weak infrared laser penetrates subcutaneous tissues, different tissue layers refract optical signals due to structural differences and interfere with each other, and the optical signals are returned to an optical host to be recombined and imaged by an algorithm. OCT has the advantages of non-invasive and non-radiative property, real-time observation of living body, high resolution (16 microns), depth imaging in tissue, 3D image data and the like.
In order to increase the imaging definition, the adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus is generally provided with a correction component, and the current correction component adopts a plurality of push-pull actuators, and the mirror surface in the correction component is adjusted based on the piezoelectric characteristics, and the following disadvantages exist: firstly, the correction force generated by the push-pull actuator is directly loaded on the mirror surface, the impact response obtained on the mirror surface contains higher spatial frequency components, and truncation in the operation process can generate high-frequency errors, namely the problem of 'print-through effect' occurs; secondly, the stroke is short and the astigmatism is not specially corrected, so that the correction range of the mirror surface is narrow; thirdly, high voltage is needed for electromagnetic conversion, the structure is complex, the imaging device is easily influenced by magnetic hysteresis and has poor stability, and the imaging device is unsafe because of imaging human tissues.
Therefore, how to solve the above technical problems should be focused on by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide an adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus to avoid the occurrence of "print-through effect", simplify the structure of the adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus, and at the same time increase the astigmatism correction range.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides an adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus, including a low coherence light source, a coupler, a reference arm, a spectrometer, an astigmatism corrector, an objective lens, and a parabolic mirror;
the astigmatism correction mirror comprises a first mirror body; the two U-shaped supports are positioned on the upper surface of the first mirror body in a crossed mode, the openings of the two U-shaped supports face the upper surface of the first mirror body, and the side walls of the two sides of the opening of each U-shaped support are positioned on the edge of the upper surface of the first mirror body; and the electric heating sheets comprise heating rods and heating wires wound on the surfaces of the heating rods.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a coma correcting mirror;
the coma correcting mirror includes a second mirror body; the annular support is positioned at the edge of the upper surface of the second mirror body, and the two symmetrically-arranged heat transfer fins are positioned on the upper surface of the annular support; the L-shaped brackets are positioned on the upper surface of each heat transfer plate, the height of each L-shaped bracket from the upper surface of the second mirror body is different, and an overlapping area exists between the two L-shaped brackets; the electric heating sheet is located in the overlapping region.
Optionally, the heating rod is an aluminum heating rod or a copper heating rod.
Optionally, the first mirror body is any one of the following mirror bodies plated with an aluminum film:
k9 glass, microcrystalline glass, silicon carbide, borosilicate glass.
Optionally, the U-shaped bracket is an aluminum U-shaped bracket.
Optionally, the L-shaped bracket is an aluminum L-shaped bracket.
Optionally, the heat transfer sheet is an aluminum heat transfer sheet.
Optionally, the annular support is an aluminum annular support.
Optionally, the reference arm is a spherical plano-concave mirror.
Optionally, the reference arm comprises a collimating lens and a reflecting mirror.
The self-adaptive optical coherence tomography equipment comprises a low-coherence light source, a coupler, a reference arm, a spectrometer, an astigmatism correcting mirror, an objective lens and a paraboloidal mirror; the astigmatism correction mirror comprises a first mirror body; the two U-shaped supports are positioned on the upper surface of the first mirror body in a crossed mode, the openings of the two U-shaped supports face the upper surface of the first mirror body, and the side walls of the two sides of the opening of each U-shaped support are positioned on the edge of the upper surface of the first mirror body; and the electric heating sheets comprise heating rods and heating wires wound on the surfaces of the heating rods.
It can be seen that, the adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus of the present application is provided with an astigmatism correcting mirror, the intersection area of two U-shaped brackets in the astigmatism correcting mirror is provided with an electric heating plate, the U-shaped brackets are driven to move by the expansion and contraction caused by the heating of the electric heating plate and combining the amplification effect of the lever, the U-shaped brackets are positioned on the upper surface of the first mirror body, and the side walls on both sides of the opening of the U-shaped brackets are positioned on the edge of the upper surface of the first mirror body, i.e. the surface shape of the first mirror body is changed from the edge of the first mirror body, thereby solving the problem of "print-through effect".
Drawings
For a clearer explanation of the embodiments or technical solutions of the prior art of the present application, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a middle cross-sectional structure of the astigmatism correction mirror;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electric heating sheet;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a middle cross-sectional structure of a coma correcting mirror according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As described in the background section, the prior art calibration components are push-pull actuators, which suffer from the "print-through effect" problem when performing the calibration; the stroke is short, and the correction range of the mirror surface is narrow; and the structure is complex due to the adoption of electromagnetic structure conversion.
In view of the above, the present application provides an adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in which fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle cross section of an astigmatism correction mirror, and the adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus includes a low coherence light source 1, a coupler 2, a reference arm 3, a spectrometer 4, an astigmatism correction mirror 5, an objective lens 6, and a parabolic mirror 9;
the astigmatism correction mirror 5 comprises a first mirror body 51; the two U-shaped brackets 52 are positioned on the upper surface of the first mirror body 51 in a crossed manner, the openings of the two U-shaped brackets face the upper surface of the first mirror body 51, and the side walls of the two sides of the opening of each U-shaped bracket 52 are positioned on the edge of the upper surface of the first mirror body 51; and the electric heating plate 53 is positioned at the crossing area of the two U-shaped brackets 52, and the electric heating plate 53 comprises a heating rod and a heating wire wound on the surface of the heating rod.
The number of the astigmatism correction mirrors 5 is two. It will be appreciated that the adaptive optics coherence tomography device also includes an optical host for imaging. The adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus obtains the section information of the sample (measured tissue), and when the three-dimensional information of the sample needs to be obtained, the adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus may further include a scanning mechanism 8 that sweeps the sample to obtain the three-dimensional information of the sample.
It is to be noted that the schematic sectional view in fig. 2 is a sectional view of the astigmatism correction mirror 5 taken from the middle, i.e. the astigmatism correction mirror 5 also has a symmetrical structure to the structure shown in fig. 2.
It should be noted that the first mirror 51 in the present application includes, but is not limited to, any one of the following mirrors plated with an aluminum film:
k9 glass, microcrystalline glass, silicon carbide, borosilicate glass.
The schematic structure of the electric heating sheet 53 is shown in fig. 3, and the heating wire is wound on the surface of the heating rod, which is optionally an aluminum heating rod or a copper heating rod. The U-shaped bracket 52 is driven to move by controlling the heating power of the electric heating plate 53, and the moment is generated to correct the surface shape of the first mirror body 51.
Preferably, the U-shaped bracket 52 is an aluminum U-shaped bracket 52, and when the heating rod is an aluminum heating rod, it can be ensured that the electric heating plate 53 can rapidly dissipate heat after the heating is stopped.
The reference arm 3 is not particularly limited in this application and may be provided by itself. For example, the reference arm 3 is a spherical plano-concave mirror, or the reference arm 3 includes a collimating lens and a reflecting plane mirror.
The calculation of the heating power of the electric heating sheet 53 is described below using a parallel gradient descent algorithm.
As can be seen from the optical principle, the intensity of the interference fringes can be expressed by the following formula (1):
wherein λ is the wavelength of the coherent light, I1And I2Is the incident light intensity of each interference arm in the self-adaptive optical coherence tomography device (can be regarded as an interferometer), one interference arm is the light path of the light entering the reference arm 3, and the other is the light path of the light entering the sample, gamma12The modulus is gamma for complex phase dryness12L in phase of
φ12In order to be the target source phase,
for two interference arms1And s2The difference introduces a phase. The contrast (contrast) or visibility (visibility) of the interference fringes can be expressed as stripesThe ratio of the amplitude of the fringes to the total background illumination (attenuation) is shown in equation (2):
wherein V is the contrast of the stripes, and the disturbance electric power { δ w of the electric heating sheet 53 is increasediThe variation of the performance index obtained after the multiplication is delta V, and because the situation of energy change cannot occur in practical engineering application and scientific research practice, the performance index (contrast) V of the system is assumed to be conductive, and can be obtained through Taylor expansion:
wherein | o | purple2The remaining terms in the expansion.
Multiplying the left and right sides by deltaw simultaneously using a gradient for obtaining a decrease in the performance indexiIf desired, the following are obtained:
suppose { δ wiEach element in the element is independently and identically distributed, and the following can be obtained:
wherein σ2Is { δ wiThe variance of the evaluation index can be estimated through a statistical rule in an unbiased way
Based on the method, the following steps can be obtained:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the heating power for the (n + 1) th heating of the ith electric-heating chip 53,
the heating power for the nth heating of the ith electric-heating sheet 53, av is the change value of the contrast after the nth heating,
the heating power variation value for heating the ith electric-heating sheet 53 for the nth time. The number of the astigmatism correction mirrors 5 is two, i being equal to 1 or 2, representing the heating plate in the 1 st or 2 nd astigmatism correction mirror 5.
The parallel gradient descent algorithm is a method for approximating a gradient by obtaining estimation by relying on mathematical statistics, a heating power formula is determined according to the parallel gradient descent algorithm, a reasonable disturbance electric power is selected to obtain a better convergence characteristic, and the parallel gradient descent algorithm is a method for approximating a gradient by obtaining estimation by relying on mathematical statistics.
For the imaging process of the adaptive optical coherence tomography device, the support can respond through dynamics, the mechanical system affects a spatial frequency range larger than the support spatial frequency, the statics and dynamics characteristics are unified, from the perspective of a transfer function, the statics is system gain and represents static stiffness, and the dynamics characteristics are dynamic response and represent dynamic stiffness.
The adaptive optical coherence tomography device is provided with an astigmatism correcting lens 5, an electric heating sheet 53 is arranged at the intersection area of two U-shaped supports 52 in the astigmatism correcting lens 5, the U-shaped supports 52 are driven to move by combining the amplification effect of a lever through expansion and contraction caused by whether the electric heating sheet 53 is heated or not, the U-shaped supports 52 are positioned on the upper surface of a first lens body 51, the side walls of two sides of the opening of the U-shaped supports 52 are positioned on the edge of the upper surface of the first lens body 51, namely the surface shape of the first lens body 51 is changed from the edge of the first lens body 51, the problem of the printing through effect is solved, the astigmatism correcting lens 5 specially corrects astigmatism, the correcting range is wide, in addition, the surface shape of the first lens body 51 is changed through expansion and contraction in the application, the structure is easy to realize, and the complexity is low.
Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle cross section of a coma correcting mirror provided in the embodiment of the present application.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment, in an embodiment of the present application, the adaptive optics coherence tomography apparatus further includes:
a coma aberration correcting mirror 7;
the coma aberration correcting mirror 7 includes a second mirror body 71; an annular support 72 positioned at the edge of the upper surface of the second mirror body 71, and two symmetrically arranged heat transfer fins 73 positioned at the upper surface of the annular support 72; l-shaped brackets 74 positioned on the upper surface of each heat transfer sheet 73, wherein the heights of each L-shaped bracket 74 from the upper surface of the second mirror body 71 are different, and an overlapping area exists between the two L-shaped brackets 74; the electric heating sheet 53 located at the overlapping area.
The number of the coma correcting mirrors 7 is two. It is to be noted that the schematic sectional view in fig. 5 is a sectional view of the coma correcting mirror 7 cut from the middle, that is, the coma correcting mirror 7 also has a structure symmetrical to the structure shown in fig. 5. Fig. 3 shows a schematic structure of the electric heating sheet 53 in the coma aberration correcting mirror 7.
The second mirror 71 includes, but is not limited to, any of the following mirrors plated with aluminum film:
k9 glass, microcrystalline glass, silicon carbide, borosilicate glass.
Preferably, the L-shaped bracket 74 is an aluminum L-shaped bracket 74, and when the heating rod is an aluminum heating rod, it can be ensured that the electric heating plate 53 can rapidly dissipate heat after the heating is stopped.
Preferably, the heat transfer sheet 73 is an aluminum heat transfer sheet 73, and the aluminum heat transfer sheet 73 has a strong heat conduction property.
Preferably, the annular support 72 is an aluminum annular support 72, and the aluminum annular support 72 has a high thermal conductivity.
The adaptive optical coherence tomography device in the embodiment is further provided with a coma aberration correcting mirror 7, so that coma aberration can be corrected while astigmatism is corrected, higher-quality interference fringe visibility is obtained, the resolving capability of the adaptive optical coherence tomography device is improved, meanwhile, longer integration time can be obtained, the ability of the principal side of a tiny focus is enhanced, and the problem that the specificity of the current monitoring sensitivity is insufficient is solved.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The adaptive optical coherence tomography apparatus provided in the present application is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present application are explained herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An adaptive optical coherence tomography device is characterized by comprising a low coherence light source, a coupler, a reference arm, a spectrometer, an astigmatism correcting mirror, an objective lens and a paraboloidal mirror;
the astigmatism correction mirror comprises a first mirror body; the two U-shaped supports are positioned on the upper surface of the first mirror body in a crossed mode, the openings of the two U-shaped supports face the upper surface of the first mirror body, and the side walls of the two sides of the opening of each U-shaped support are positioned on the edge of the upper surface of the first mirror body; and the electric heating sheets comprise heating rods and heating wires wound on the surfaces of the heating rods.
2. The adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument of claim 1, further comprising:
a coma correcting mirror;
the coma correcting mirror includes a second mirror body; the annular support is positioned at the edge of the upper surface of the second mirror body, and the two symmetrically-arranged heat transfer fins are positioned on the upper surface of the annular support; the L-shaped brackets are positioned on the upper surface of each heat transfer plate, the height of each L-shaped bracket from the upper surface of the second mirror body is different, and an overlapping area exists between the two L-shaped brackets; the electric heating sheet is located in the overlapping region.
3. The adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument of claim 1, wherein the heater rod is an aluminum heater rod or a copper heater rod.
4. The adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument of claim 1, wherein the first mirror is any one of the following mirrors plated with aluminum film:
k9 glass, microcrystalline glass, silicon carbide, borosilicate glass.
5. The adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument of claim 1, wherein the U-shaped support is an aluminum U-shaped support.
6. The adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument of claim 2, wherein the L-shaped support is an aluminum L-shaped support.
7. The adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument of claim 2, wherein the heat transfer sheet is an aluminum heat transfer sheet.
8. The adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument of claim 2, wherein the ring support is an aluminum ring support.
9. An adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reference arm is a spherical plano-concave mirror.
10. An adaptive optics coherence tomography instrument as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reference arm comprises a collimating lens and a reflecting mirror.
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