CN111565272B - Device and method for long-distance transmission of camera data through parallel bus - Google Patents
Device and method for long-distance transmission of camera data through parallel bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN111565272B CN111565272B CN202010358648.1A CN202010358648A CN111565272B CN 111565272 B CN111565272 B CN 111565272B CN 202010358648 A CN202010358648 A CN 202010358648A CN 111565272 B CN111565272 B CN 111565272B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/66—Remote control of cameras or camera parts, e.g. by remote control devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/10—Adaptations for transmission by electrical cable
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for transmitting camera data in a long distance by a parallel bus, which comprises a main control board, a switching board and a camera drive board which are connected in sequence, wherein the main control board comprises a singlechip and a main control connector which are connected; the adapter plate comprises a buffer connector, a buffer driver and an adapter connector which are sequentially connected; the camera driving board comprises a camera module, a source end matching resistor and a driving connector which are connected in sequence; the camera module comprises a CPI interface and a register, and the driving capability of the CPI interface is changed by configuring the register; and the source end matching resistor is used for carrying out signal matching on data output by the camera module and then transmitting the data to the driving connector. The invention can be realized by using a low-cost singlechip, and the complexity of software and hardware can not be obviously increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of signal transmission, and particularly relates to a device and a method for transmitting camera data by a parallel bus in a long distance.
Background
In the transmission process of the digital signal, due to the attenuation and reflection of the transmission line to the signal, the mutual interference/crosstalk between the signals, power supply noise and other factors, the signal is finally distorted, so that the signal is damaged and incomplete in the transmission process, and the information carried by the digital signal cannot be normally transmitted due to the signal integrity problem.
Two common data output interfaces of the camera module in the prior art: the system comprises a CSI (CAMERA SERIAL INTERFACE, serial data transmission interface) and a CPI (CAMERAPARALLEL INTERFACE, parallel data transmission interface), wherein the CSI interface and a processor or a control chip are used for directly sending serial communication data signals; the CPI interface and processor or control chip sends up to 14 paths of single-ended parallel data signals, VSYNC frame synchronization signals, HSYNC row synchronization signals and PCLK reference clock.
As for the CSI interface, because differential signal transmission is adopted, the CSI interface has the characteristics of high speed (a single channel can reach the GBPS speed magnitude at most) and strong anti-interference performance, and can have effective transmission distance of several meters under the condition of utilizing high-speed wire transmission such as HDMI wires and the like. However, the cost of a general processor chip with a CSI interface is relatively high, and low-cost processors such as a single chip microcomputer do not support the CSI interface basically.
For the CPI interface, 14 paths of parallel buses are adopted at most to transmit data signals, and due to the signal integrity, the single channel transmission rate is low (in the order of tens of MBPS), the transmission distance is short (the transmission distance between a camera module and a processor of the CPI interface in the industry does not exceed 20CM), but low-cost processors such as a single chip microcomputer generally support the CPI interface.
For an application scene that a processor or a control chip and a camera module need to transmit data signals in a long distance, the prior art adopts two solutions: (1) the CSI interface is directly utilized for long-distance transmission, and the camera module is required to be interconnected with a processor or a control chip with the CSI interface through a high-speed wire rod for long-distance transmission; (2) by utilizing the CPI interface, the camera module firstly carries out short-distance CPI connection on parallel data and a first single chip microcomputer, the first single chip microcomputer is then connected with a second single chip microcomputer, namely the other single chip microcomputer in a long-distance mode, and the two single chip microcomputers are connected with each other in interface modes such as a serial port or a USB.
For the application scenarios of low cost, long distance and no need of transmitting high speed video stream, the above two schemes have disadvantages: (1) the processor in the first scheme cannot be realized by using a single chip microcomputer, and has no advantages in a low-cost application scene; (2) although the second scheme can be realized by using a single chip microcomputer, two single chip microcomputers are required, and the complexity of hardware circuit realization and software development is obviously increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention is a device for transmitting camera data over a long distance by using a parallel bus, and adopts the following technical solutions:
comprises a main control board, a switching board and a camera driving board, wherein,
the main control board, the adapter board and the camera driving board are sequentially connected, and the main control board comprises a single chip microcomputer and a main control connector which are connected; the adapter plate comprises a buffer connector, a buffer driver and an adapter connector which are sequentially connected; the camera driving board comprises a camera module, a source end matching resistor and a driving connector which are connected in sequence;
the camera module comprises a CPI interface and a register, and the driving capability of the CPI interface is changed by configuring the register; the source end matching resistor is used for carrying out signal matching on data output by the camera module and then transmitting the data to the driving connector;
the main control connector is connected with the buffer connector, and the driving connector is connected with the switching connector.
Preferably, the camera module comprises a protective film, a lens, a voice coil motor, blue glass, a base, a photoreceptor, conductive cloth and a combination plate which are arranged from outside to inside for image acquisition.
Preferably, the single chip microcomputer and the main control connector are connected through a PCB transmission line.
Preferably, the buffer driver and the buffer connector are connected through a PCB transmission line; the buffer driver is connected with the adaptor connector through a PCB transmission line, relays CPI signals sent by the camera module, and doubles the transmission distance.
Preferably, the driving connector and the source end matching resistor are connected through a PCB transmission line; the source end matching resistor is connected with the camera module through a PCB transmission line.
Preferably, the master control connector and the buffer connector are connected through a wire with impedance control.
Preferably, the drive connector and the adaptor connector are connected by a wire with impedance control.
Preferably, the wire with impedance control includes, but is not limited to, an FPC cable or an HDMI video cable or a coaxial cable.
Preferably, the camera module comprises an OV5640 module from Omnivision corporation.
Based on the above purpose, the present invention also provides a method for long distance transmission of camera data by using the parallel bus, which comprises the following steps:
s10, the camera module collects images and processes the images;
s20, outputting the image signals in parallel through the source end matching resistor and the driving connector through the CPI interface;
s30, transmitting the image signal to a buffer driver through a switch connector for enhancement;
s40, outputting the enhanced image signal through a buffer connector;
and S50, connecting the buffer connector with the main control connector, and transmitting the enhanced image signal to the singlechip.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the driving capability of the camera module is modified by configuring a register and is adjusted to be the maximum driving capability, and the signal quality is good during long-distance transmission;
2. the PCB transmission line and the wire rod control 50 omega impedance, so that signal reflection is effectively reduced;
3. setting 33 Ω source end matching resistance: because the output resistance of the IO port of a general chip is about 17 omega, the source end is 33 omega, the corresponding output impedance is 50 omega, the characteristic impedance of a transmission line is set to 50 omega, and an impedance matching state is achieved, at the moment, the signal reflection is minimum, and the problem of data transmission errors caused by that a data signal has larger overshoot and backlash due to reflection and even falls into a level uncertain region of 0.8V-2V is solved;
4. the buffer driver is arranged, the CPI signal sent by the relay camera module can double the transmission distance, and the buffer driver and the adapter plate can be cut according to different requirements of the transmission distance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a device for transmitting camera data over a long distance by using a parallel bus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a device for transmitting camera data over a long distance by using a parallel bus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3(a) is a waveform diagram of a receiving end with weak driving capability of a camera module of an apparatus for transmitting camera data over a long distance by using a parallel bus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3(b) is a waveform diagram of a receiving end with strong driving capability of a camera module of an apparatus for transmitting camera data over a long distance by using a parallel bus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a waveform comparison diagram of the receiving end of the PCB transmission line and the wire rod of the device for transmitting the camera data in a long distance by the parallel bus according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein the impedance of the PCB transmission line and the wire rod is controlled or not;
fig. 5(a) is a waveform diagram of a receiving end of a device for transmitting camera data over a long distance by using a parallel bus according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the receiving end is not provided with a source matching resistor;
fig. 5(b) is a waveform diagram of a receiving end of a device for transmitting camera data over a long distance through a parallel bus according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the receiving end is provided with a source matching resistor;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of the method steps for transmitting camera data over a long distance by using a parallel bus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Apparatus example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention discloses a device for transmitting camera data in a long distance by using a parallel bus, which comprises a main control board 10, an adapter board 20 and a camera drive board 30, wherein the main control board 10, the adapter board 20 and the camera drive board 30 are sequentially connected, and the main control board 10 comprises a singlechip 11 and a main control connector 12 which are connected; the adapter plate 20 comprises a buffer connector 21, a buffer driver 22 and an adapter connector 23 which are connected in sequence; the camera drive board 30 comprises a camera module 31, a source end matching resistor 32 and a drive connector 33 which are connected in sequence;
the camera module 31 comprises a protective film, a lens, a voice coil motor, blue glass, a base, a photoreceptor, conductive cloth, a combination board, a CPI interface and a register which are arranged from outside to inside, and the driving capability of the CPI interface is changed by configuring the register; the source end matching resistor 32 performs signal matching on the data output by the camera module 31, and then transmits the data to the driving connector 33;
the main control connector 12 is connected to the buffer connector 21, and the drive connector 33 is connected to the adaptor connector 23.
Apparatus example 2
The CPI interface driving capability of the camera module 31 directly affects the transmission distance, and the stronger the driving capability, the better the signal quality in long-distance transmission, so the driving capability of the camera module 31 should be adjusted to the maximum.
The camera module 31 includes an OV5640 module (but not limited to this model, the general camera module 31) of Omnivision, and the driving capability thereof can be modified by a configuration register. Under the same condition of transmission distance, wire rod and other conditions, the comparison of signal waveform at the receiving end of the singlechip 11 with weak driving capability and strong driving capability is shown in fig. 3(a) and (b), and waveform 1 is a clock signal and waveform 2 is a data signal, so that the quality of the clock signal at the receiving end obviously deteriorates during weak driving capability.
Apparatus example 3
The singlechip 11 is connected with the main control connector 12 through a PCB transmission line; the buffer driver 22 and the buffer connector 21 are connected by a PCB transmission line; the buffer driver 22 and the adaptor connector 23 are connected by a PCB transmission line; the driving connector 33 is connected with the source end matching resistor 32 through a PCB transmission line; the source end matching resistor 32 and the camera module 31 are connected through a PCB transmission line, and the PCB transmission line controls 50 Ω impedance.
The main control connector 12 and the buffer connector 21 are connected through a wire with impedance control; the driving connector 33 and the adaptor connector 23 are connected by a wire with impedance control, which in the embodiment also has 50 Ω impedance control capability, and the wire with impedance control includes but is not limited to FPC cable or HDMI video cable or coaxial cable.
The purpose of the 50 omega impedance control capability of both the PCB transmission line and the wire is to reduce signal reflection, and the influence on the signal quality is realized by comparing the impedance control and the non-control of the PCB transmission line and the wire in a simulation mode. Referring to fig. 4, a 12.5mm PCB transmission line and a 1m wire are adopted for simulation, the simulation rate is 21Mbps, the waveform 3 is that neither the PCB transmission line nor the wire has 50 Ω impedance control capability, and the waveform 4 is that both the PCB transmission line and the wire have 50 Ω impedance control capability, so that it can be seen that the ringing phenomenon of the waveform 3 is severe, which causes the noise margin to be remarkably reduced, and 800mV and 2V are the decision levels of the receiving-end chip.
Apparatus example 4
A source matching resistor 32 of 33 omega is added to the camera drive board 30 near the camera module 31 (data signals D [0:13], HSYNC, VSYNC, PCLK signals need to be added near the camera module 31). Under the same other conditions, if the waveform of the source end matching resistor 32 of 33 Ω is added, see fig. 5(a) and (b), the waveform 1 is a clock signal, and the waveform 2 is a data signal, it can be seen that, without adding the source end matching resistor 32, the waveform 2 has a large overshoot and a large backlash due to reflection, and even falls into a level uncertainty region of 0.8V to 2V, which causes data transmission errors, and the signal quality is significantly improved after adding the source end matching resistor 32 of 33 Ω.
Apparatus example 5
The connectors play a role in bridging wires and PCB transmission lines, and because the CPI interface has at most 17 paths of signals, the crosstalk among the signals is also an important factor influencing the transmission distance, the pinmap arrangement of the connectors needs to fully consider the reduction of the crosstalk among the signals. With the FPC connector as a specific example, the suggested pinmap arrangement is shown in table 1.
Each data signal is isolated by GND, so that crosstalk between signals can be remarkably reduced; it should be noted that the PINMAP arrangement of Table 1 does not list all signals, such as row column synchronization signals, control signals, power, etc.
TABLE 1 pinmap assignment Table
Apparatus example 6
The buffer driver 22 is arranged on the adapter plate 20, and the peripheral circuit is simple and low in cost. The effect is that the CPI signal sent by the camera module 31 is relayed, and the transmission distance can be doubled. In practical applications, the buffer driver 22 and the adapter plate 20 may be tailored according to different transmission distance requirements. The CPI signal sent by the camera module 31 can be transmitted at least 1 meter without relay; if the transmission distance is more than 2 meters, a buffer driver 22 can be added to enhance the signal and then transmit the signal. In one embodiment, the buffer driver 22 may be a SN74LVC16244A chip from TI, but is not limited to this chip.
Method embodiment
Referring to fig. 6, the method for transmitting camera data in a long distance by using a parallel bus according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s10, the camera module collects images and processes the images;
s20, outputting the image signals in parallel through the source end matching resistor and the driving connector through the CPI interface;
s30, transmitting the image signal to a buffer driver through a switch connector for enhancement;
s40, outputting the enhanced image signal through a buffer connector;
and S50, connecting the buffer connector with the main control connector, and transmitting the enhanced image signal to the singlechip.
For the connection of each connector, the arrangement of each part is the same as that of the device embodiment, and the description is omitted.
It is to be understood that the exemplary embodiments described herein are illustrative and not restrictive. Although one or more embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A device for transmitting camera data by a parallel bus in a long distance is characterized by comprising a main control board, a switching board and a camera driving board, wherein,
the main control board, the adapter board and the camera driving board are sequentially connected, and the main control board comprises a single chip microcomputer and a main control connector which are connected; the adapter plate comprises a buffer connector, a buffer driver and an adapter connector which are sequentially connected; the camera driving board comprises a camera module, a source end matching resistor and a driving connector which are connected in sequence;
the camera module comprises a CPI interface and a register, and the driving capability of the CPI interface is changed by configuring the register; the source end matching resistor is used for carrying out signal matching on data output by the camera module and then transmitting the data to the driving connector;
the main control connector is connected with the buffer connector, and the driving connector is connected with the switching connector;
the buffer driver and the buffer connector are connected through a PCB transmission line; the buffer driver is connected with the adaptor connector through a PCB transmission line, the buffer driver relays a CPI signal sent by the camera module to double the transmission distance, and the single chip microcomputer is connected with the main control connector through the PCB transmission line.
2. The device for transmitting camera data by a long distance through the parallel bus according to claim 1, wherein the camera module further comprises a protective film, a lens, a voice coil motor, blue glass, a base, a photoreceptor, conductive cloth and a combination board which are arranged from outside to inside for image acquisition.
3. The apparatus for parallel bus long distance transmission of camera data according to claim 1, wherein the driving connector and the source end matching resistor are connected by a PCB transmission line; the source end matching resistor is connected with the camera module through a PCB transmission line.
4. The device for transmitting camera data by a long distance through the parallel bus according to claim 1, wherein the master connector and the buffer connector are connected through a wire with impedance control.
5. The device for transmitting camera data by a parallel bus at a long distance according to claim 1, wherein the driving connector and the switching connector are connected by a wire with impedance control.
6. The device for transmitting camera data by a parallel bus in a long distance according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the wire with impedance control comprises an FPC (flexible printed circuit) cable or an HDMI (high-definition multimedia interface) video cable or a coaxial cable.
7. The apparatus for parallel bus long distance transmission of camera data according to claim 1, wherein said camera module comprises an OV5640 module by Omnivision.
8. A method for long distance transmission of camera data by parallel bus, which adopts the device for long distance transmission of camera data by parallel bus as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, the camera module collects images and processes the images;
s20, outputting the image signals in parallel through the source end matching resistor and the driving connector through the CPI interface;
s30, transmitting the image signal to a buffer driver through a switch connector for enhancement;
s40, outputting the enhanced image signal through a buffer connector;
and S50, connecting the buffer connector with the main control connector, and transmitting the enhanced image signal to the singlechip.
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