CN111550224A - Hydraulic fracturing transformation system and method for unconventional reservoir oil and gas well - Google Patents
Hydraulic fracturing transformation system and method for unconventional reservoir oil and gas well Download PDFInfo
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- CN111550224A CN111550224A CN202010345221.8A CN202010345221A CN111550224A CN 111550224 A CN111550224 A CN 111550224A CN 202010345221 A CN202010345221 A CN 202010345221A CN 111550224 A CN111550224 A CN 111550224A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/04—Measuring depth or liquid level
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells, and discloses a hydraulic fracturing modification system and a hydraulic fracturing modification method for the unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells, wherein the hydraulic fracturing modification system for the unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells comprises: the device comprises a pressure detection module, a depth detection module, a data transmission module, a central control module, a driving module, a filling module, an oil gas storage module, a production analysis module, an evaluation module and a display module. According to the invention, the production analysis module is used for improving the interpretation precision of the production data (especially the daily output) of the oil-gas well with discontinuous production data and large fluctuation, improving the historical fitting effect of the output and the pressure, greatly improving the interpretation precision and reducing the multi-solution; meanwhile, the evaluation module effectively evaluates the reliability of the oil-gas well casing according to the selection of the influence factors, the establishment of an evaluation system, the weight calculation and the setting of indexes and evaluation standards, so that an objective and effective evaluation result can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells, and particularly relates to a hydraulic fracturing modification system and method for the unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells.
Background
At present, oil and gas wells are indispensable information and material channels for human exploration and development of underground oil and natural gas resources. Oil and gas well engineering is capital and technology intensive engineering implemented around the construction, measurement and protection of oil and gas wells, mainly comprises oil and gas exploration and development drilling and well completion engineering, oil and gas well measurement and test engineering, oil and gas well protection and repair engineering and the like, and is a basic link of oil and gas exploration and development. The construction and development of the engineering discipline of oil and gas wells not only has indispensable important function for the oil and gas industry, but also has important significance for the exploration and development of geothermal heat, combustible ice, coal bed gas and solid mineral resources, the research and treatment of earth science, the environmental detection and treatment, the construction of modern urban infrastructure and the like. However, the existing hydraulic fracturing modification method for the unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells has strong uncertainty and ambiguity on the production data analysis of the oil and gas wells; meanwhile, no effective evaluation method for the safety of the oil-gas well casing exists, the measures for protecting and repairing the failure of the oil-gas field well shaft cannot be provided in a targeted manner, and the perfection and coordination of the injection-production relationship cannot be ensured.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing hydraulic fracturing modification method of the unconventional reservoir oil and gas well has strong uncertainty and multi-resolution on the production data analysis of the oil and gas well; meanwhile, no effective evaluation method for the safety of the oil-gas well casing exists, the measures for protecting and repairing the failure of the oil-gas field well shaft cannot be provided in a targeted manner, and the perfection and coordination of the injection-production relationship cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a hydraulic fracturing modification system and method for unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells.
The invention is realized in such a way that a hydraulic fracturing modification system of unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells comprises:
the system comprises a pressure detection module, a depth detection module, a data transmission module, a central control module, a driving module, a filling module, an oil gas storage module, a production analysis module, an evaluation module and a display module;
the pressure detection module is connected with the data transmission module and used for detecting the fracture pressure data of the oil layer rock through the pressure sensor;
the depth detection module is connected with the data transmission module and is used for detecting the depth data of the oil and gas well through the depth detector;
the data transmission module is connected with the pressure detection module, the depth detection module and the central control module and is used for transmitting the detected pressure and depth data to the central control module through the transmission equipment;
the central control module is connected with the data transmission module, the driving module, the filling module, the oil-gas storage module, the production analysis module, the evaluation module and the display module and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the main control computer;
the driving module is connected with the central control module and used for providing driving power for filling fracturing fluid through the high-pressure pump;
the injection module is connected with the central control module and is used for injecting fracturing fluid with higher viscosity into the oil layer through the shaft;
the oil gas storage module is connected with the central control module and is used for collecting and storing oil gas through a gas tank;
the production analysis module is connected with the central control module and is used for analyzing the production data of the oil-gas well through an analysis program;
the evaluation module is connected with the central control module and used for evaluating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing through an evaluation program;
and the display module is connected with the central control module and used for displaying the detected pressure and depth data, the analysis result and the evaluation result through a display.
The pressure detection module comprises a plurality of pressure detection units distributed at different positions, and the pressure detection units comprise:
the sampling subunit is used for detecting the pressure in real time and forming sampling data reflecting the pressure value;
the data processing subunit is used for receiving the sampling data and outputting intermediate data, wherein the intermediate data sequentially comprise a trigger signal, a duty field and the corresponding sampling data;
the gain subunit is used for receiving and reading the sampling data and outputting communication data, and when the gain unit reads the trigger signal, a gain signal is superposed to a duty field in the intermediate data to form the communication data;
and the output subunit is used for outputting the communication data to a communication bus.
Further, the depth detection module includes:
the level detection unit is used for detecting the levelness of the depth detection equipment through the level gauge;
the ultrasonic sensing unit is used for generating and transmitting ultrasonic waves to a limited range, capturing reflected ultrasonic waves from an object and inputting the reflected ultrasonic waves to the depth image module;
the depth image unit is used for receiving the reflected ultrasonic waves, generating a depth image in the range of the reflected ultrasonic waves and inputting the depth image to the data control module;
and the data processing unit is used for receiving the depth image, identifying and positioning the body part or the whole body in the depth image, converting the body part or the whole body into data capable of being identified and transmitting the data to the central control module.
Further, the ultrasonic sensing unit includes:
the pulse oscillator is used for generating intermittent pulses and transmitting the intermittent pulses to the transmitting transducer;
the transmitting transducer is used for receiving the interrupted pulse from the pulse oscillator, converting the interrupted pulse into ultrasonic waves and transmitting narrow beams with a certain range limitation;
and the receiving transducer is used for receiving the reflected ultrasonic waves from the object, converting the reflected ultrasonic waves into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to the depth image module.
Further, the depth image unit includes:
and the depth reconstruction subunit is used for receiving the electric signal obtained by the conversion of the reflected ultrasonic wave, performing depth reconstruction on image information contained in the electric signal in real time according to a depth reconstruction rule and generating a depth image related to the range of the reflected ultrasonic wave.
The invention also aims to provide a hydraulic fracturing modification method for unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells, which specifically comprises the following steps:
detecting fracture pressure data of oil layer rocks by a pressure detection module through a pressure sensor; detecting oil and gas well depth data by a depth detection module by using a depth detector;
transmitting the detected pressure and depth data to a central control module by a data transmission module through transmission equipment;
thirdly, the central control module provides driving power for injecting fracturing fluid by using a high-pressure pump through a driving module;
fourthly, injecting fracturing fluid with high viscosity into the oil layer by using the shaft through the injection module; collecting and storing oil gas by using a gas tank through an oil gas storage module;
analyzing the production data of the oil and gas well by using an analysis program through a production analysis module; evaluating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing by using an evaluation program through an evaluation module;
and sixthly, displaying the detected pressure and depth data, the analysis result and the evaluation result by using a display through a display module.
Further, the production analysis module analysis method is as follows:
(1) constructing a yield normalized pressure function or a yield normalized pseudo-pressure function of the well to be analyzed according to the original formation pressure, the bottom hole flow pressure and the daily yield through an analysis program;
(2) determining a double-logarithm chart plate drawing function based on the accumulated yield according to the yield normalized pressure function or the yield normalized simulated pressure function, and drawing a yield normalized pressure double-logarithm chart plate or a yield normalized simulated pressure double-logarithm chart plate according to the double-logarithm chart plate drawing function;
(3) and fitting the yield normalized pressure log-log chart or the yield normalized simulated pressure log-log chart according to the obtained measured data in the yield normalized pressure log-log chart or the yield normalized simulated pressure log-log chart, and determining relevant parameters of the well to be analyzed according to the log-log chart fitting result and the yield and pressure history fitting result.
Further, in the step (1), if the well to be analyzed is an oil well, constructing the production normalized pressure function according to the following expression:
if the well to be analyzed is a gas well, calculating the yield normalized simulated pressure function according to the following expression:
wherein RNP represents a yield-normalized pressure or a yield-normalized pseudo pressure, piRepresenting the original formation pressure, pwfRepresenting bottom hole pressure, t time, q production, #iShowing pseudo pressure of gas well virgin formation, psiwfRepresenting the pseudo pressure at the bottom of the gas well.
Further, in the step (2), a yield regularization pressure derivative function is determined according to the yield regularization pressure function, and the yield regularization pressure log-log plate is constructed according to the yield regularization pressure function and the yield regularization pressure derivative function; or determining a yield regularization pressure integral function according to the yield regularization pressure function, determining a yield regularization pressure integral derivative function according to the yield regularization pressure integral function, and constructing a yield regularization pressure log-log plate according to the yield regularization pressure integral function and the yield regularization pressure integral derivative function; or determining a yield normalized pressure derivative function and a yield normalized pressure integral function according to the yield normalized pressure function, determining a yield normalized pressure integral derivative function according to the yield normalized pressure integral function, and constructing the yield normalized pressure log-log plate according to the yield normalized pressure function, the yield normalized pressure derivative function, the yield normalized pressure integral function and the yield normalized pressure integral derivative function.
Further, the yield-normalized pressure derivative function is determined according to the following expression:
wherein, RNPdIndicating the derivative of the yield normalization pressure, RNP indicating the yield normalization pressure, and V indicating the cumulative yield.
Further, the yield normalized pressure integral function is determined according to the following expression:
wherein, RNPiRepresents the yield normalized pressure integral, VeThe cumulative yield at the time of material equilibration is indicated, RNP the yield normalization pressure and V the cumulative yield.
Further, the yield-normalized pressure integral derivative function is determined according to the following expression:
wherein, RNPiIndicating the yield normalized pressure integral, RNPidThe integral derivative of the production normalized pressure is shown, and V represents the cumulative production.
Further, in the step (3), the fitting effect of the yield regularization pressure log-log plate is adjusted by adjusting the cumulative yield fitting value and the yield regularization pressure fitting value.
Further, the cumulative fit value is determined according to the following expression:
determining the yield normalized pressure fit value according to the expression:
wherein, VMAnd RNPMRespectively representing cumulative yield fitting value and yield regularization pressure fitting value, VTBAnd VSJAnd respectively representing the plate yield data and the actual measurement yield data of the fitting point in the log-log curve, and respectively representing the plate yield normalized pressure data and the actual measurement yield normalized pressure data of the fitting point in the log-log curve by RNPTB and RNPSJ.
Further, the evaluation module evaluation method is as follows:
1) selecting influence factors of the reliability of the oil-gas well casing through an evaluation program, and hierarchically dividing the corresponding influence factors to construct an oil-gas well casing reliability evaluation system;
2) calculating the weight of each influence factor in the constructed oil-gas well casing reliability evaluation system;
3) establishing an evaluation index of each influence factor, and constructing a reliability evaluation standard of the influence factors according to the established evaluation index of the influence factors;
4) and evaluating each influence factor according to the reliability evaluation standard of each influence factor, and calculating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing according to the evaluation result and the weight of each influence factor.
Further, the step 1) further comprises:
selecting drilling factors, mining factors, stress factors and geological factors as first-layer influence factors by adopting literature investigation, case analysis and expert investigation methods;
and selecting a second layer influence factor and a third layer influence factor corresponding to the first layer influence factor according to the drilling factor, the mining factor, the stress factor and the geological factor.
Further, the step 2) further comprises: and calculating the weights of the first layer influence factors, the second layer influence factors and the third layer influence factors by adopting an expert survey method and an analytic hierarchy process.
Further, the step 3) further comprises:
making grades to be divided and evaluation indexes corresponding to the grades aiming at the selected influence factors;
establishing a reliability evaluation standard aiming at the evaluation indexes of each grade of each influence factor according to an industry standard and expert experience;
an evaluation vector corresponding to each evaluation index is prepared.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
according to the invention, the production analysis module is used for interpreting reservoir parameters (such as permeability and skin coefficient) and shaft and modification parameters (such as fracturing crack half-length, crack flow conductivity and SRV volume) by utilizing production data of the oil and gas well through plate fitting and historical fitting of the yield and pressure data based on a log-log plate of the yield regularization (simulation) pressure and the accumulated yield, so that the problem that the material and substance balance time does not change monotonously along with the real time can be effectively avoided, and the negative influence on the production data interpretation caused by discontinuous and large fluctuation of the production data is eliminated, so that the production data interpretation precision of the oil and gas well with discontinuous and large fluctuation of the production data (especially daily yield) is improved, the yield and pressure historical fitting effect is improved, the interpretation precision is greatly improved, and the multi-resolution is reduced; meanwhile, the evaluation module effectively evaluates the reliability of the oil-gas well casing according to the selection of the influence factors, the establishment of an evaluation system, the weight calculation and the setting of indexes and evaluation standards, so that an objective and effective evaluation result can be obtained, and a foundation is provided for the protection and repair measures of the oil-gas field shaft failure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for hydraulic fracture modification of unconventional reservoir wells according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a hydraulic fracture modification system for unconventional reservoir wells according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a pressure detection module; 2. a depth detection module; 3. a data transmission module; 4. a central control module; 5. a drive module; 6. a filling module; 7. an oil gas storage module; 8. a production analysis module; 9. an evaluation module; 10. and a display module.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a pressure detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a depth detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of an analysis method adopted by the production analysis module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic fracturing modification system and method for unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic fracture modification method for unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S101, detecting the fracture pressure data of oil layer rocks by a pressure detection module through a pressure sensor; detecting oil and gas well depth data by a depth detection module by using a depth detector;
step S102, transmitting the detected pressure and depth data to a central control module by a data transmission module through transmission equipment;
step S103, the central control module provides driving power for injecting fracturing fluid by using a high-pressure pump through a driving module;
step S104, injecting fracturing fluid with high viscosity into an oil layer by using a shaft through an injection module; collecting and storing oil gas by using a gas tank through an oil gas storage module;
step S105, analyzing the production data of the oil and gas well by using an analysis program through a production analysis module; evaluating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing by using an evaluation program through an evaluation module;
and step S106, displaying the detected pressure and depth data, the analysis result and the evaluation result by using a display through a display module.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic fracture modification system for unconventional reservoir oil and gas wells provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the system comprises a pressure detection module 1, a depth detection module 2, a data transmission module 3, a central control module 4, a driving module 5, a filling module 6, an oil gas storage module 7, a production analysis module 8, an evaluation module 9 and a display module 10.
The pressure detection module 1 is connected with the data transmission module 3 and used for detecting the fracture pressure data of the oil layer rock through a pressure sensor;
the depth detection module 2 is connected with the data transmission module 3 and is used for detecting the depth data of the oil and gas well through a depth detector;
the data transmission module 3 is connected with the pressure detection module 1, the depth detection module 2 and the central control module 4 and is used for transmitting the detected pressure and depth data to the central control module 4 through transmission equipment;
the central control module 4 is connected with the data transmission module 3, the driving module 5, the filling module 6, the oil gas storage module 7, the production analysis module 8, the evaluation module 9 and the display module 10 and is used for controlling each module to normally work through a main control computer;
the driving module 5 is connected with the central control module 4 and used for providing driving power for filling fracturing fluid through a high-pressure pump;
the injection module 6 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for injecting fracturing fluid with higher viscosity into an oil layer through a shaft;
the oil gas storage module 7 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for collecting and storing oil gas through a gas tank;
the production analysis module 8 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for analyzing the production data of the oil and gas well through an analysis program;
the evaluation module 9 is connected with the central control module 4 and used for evaluating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing through an evaluation program;
and the display module 10 is connected with the central control module 4 and is used for displaying the detected pressure and depth data, the analysis result and the evaluation result through a display.
The pressure detection module provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of pressure detection units distributed at different positions, as shown in fig. 3, the pressure detection units include:
the sampling subunit is used for detecting the pressure in real time and forming sampling data reflecting the pressure value;
the data processing subunit is used for receiving the sampling data and outputting intermediate data, wherein the intermediate data sequentially comprise a trigger signal, a duty field and the corresponding sampling data;
the gain subunit is used for receiving and reading the sampling data and outputting communication data, and when the gain unit reads the trigger signal, a gain signal is superposed to a duty field in the intermediate data to form the communication data;
and the output subunit is used for outputting the communication data to a communication bus.
As shown in fig. 4, the depth detection module provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the level detection unit is used for detecting the levelness of the depth detection equipment through the level gauge;
the ultrasonic sensing unit is used for generating and transmitting ultrasonic waves to a limited range, capturing reflected ultrasonic waves from an object and inputting the reflected ultrasonic waves to the depth image module;
the depth image unit is used for receiving the reflected ultrasonic waves, generating a depth image in the range of the reflected ultrasonic waves and inputting the depth image to the data control module;
and the data processing unit is used for receiving the depth image, identifying and positioning the body part or the whole body in the depth image, converting the body part or the whole body into data capable of being identified and transmitting the data to the central control module.
The ultrasonic sensing unit provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the pulse oscillator is used for generating intermittent pulses and transmitting the intermittent pulses to the transmitting transducer;
the transmitting transducer is used for receiving the interrupted pulse from the pulse oscillator, converting the interrupted pulse into ultrasonic waves and transmitting narrow beams with a certain range limitation;
and the receiving transducer is used for receiving the reflected ultrasonic waves from the object, converting the reflected ultrasonic waves into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to the depth image module.
The depth image unit provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
and the depth reconstruction subunit is used for receiving the electric signal obtained by the conversion of the reflected ultrasonic wave, performing depth reconstruction on image information contained in the electric signal in real time according to a depth reconstruction rule and generating a depth image related to the range of the reflected ultrasonic wave.
As shown in fig. 5, the production analysis module 8 provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following analysis method:
s201, constructing a yield normalized pressure function or a yield normalized pseudo-pressure function of the well to be analyzed according to the original formation pressure, the bottom hole flow pressure and the daily yield through an analysis program.
S202, determining a double-logarithm chart plate drawing function based on cumulative yield according to the yield normalized pressure function or the yield normalized simulated pressure function, and drawing a yield normalized pressure double-logarithm chart plate or a yield normalized simulated pressure double-logarithm chart plate according to the double-logarithm chart plate drawing function.
And S203, fitting the yield normalized pressure log-log chart or the yield normalized simulated pressure log-log chart according to the obtained measured data in the yield normalized pressure log-log chart or the yield normalized simulated pressure log-log chart, and determining relevant parameters of the well to be analyzed according to the log-log chart fitting result and the yield and pressure history fitting result.
In step (1), if the well to be analyzed is an oil well, constructing the yield-normalized pressure function according to the following expression:
if the well to be analyzed is a gas well, calculating the yield normalized simulated pressure function according to the following expression:
wherein RNP represents a yield-normalized pressure or a yield-normalized pseudo pressure, piRepresenting the original formation pressure, pwfRepresenting bottom hole pressure, t time, q production, #iShowing pseudo pressure of gas well virgin formation, psiwfRepresenting the pseudo pressure at the bottom of the gas well.
In the step (2), a yield regularization pressure derivative function is determined according to the yield regularization pressure function, and a yield regularization pressure log-log plate is constructed according to the yield regularization pressure function and the yield regularization pressure derivative function; or determining a yield regularization pressure integral function according to the yield regularization pressure function, determining a yield regularization pressure integral derivative function according to the yield regularization pressure integral function, and constructing a yield regularization pressure log-log plate according to the yield regularization pressure integral function and the yield regularization pressure integral derivative function; or determining a yield normalized pressure derivative function and a yield normalized pressure integral function according to the yield normalized pressure function, determining a yield normalized pressure integral derivative function according to the yield normalized pressure integral function, and constructing the yield normalized pressure log-log plate according to the yield normalized pressure function, the yield normalized pressure derivative function, the yield normalized pressure integral function and the yield normalized pressure integral derivative function.
The present invention provides for determining the yield normalized pressure derivative function according to the expression:
wherein, RNPdIndicating the derivative of the yield normalization pressure, RNP indicating the yield normalization pressure, and V indicating the cumulative yield.
The present invention provides for determining the yield normalization pressure integration function according to the following expression:
wherein, RNPiRepresents the yield normalized pressure integral, VeThe cumulative yield at the time of material equilibration is indicated, RNP the yield normalization pressure and V the cumulative yield.
The present invention provides for determining the yield normalized pressure integral derivative function according to the expression:
wherein, RNPiIndicating the yield normalized pressure integral, RNPidThe integral derivative of the production normalized pressure is shown, and V represents the cumulative production.
In the step (3), the fitting effect of the yield regularization pressure log-log plate is adjusted by adjusting the cumulative yield fitting value and the yield regularization pressure fitting value.
The cumulative product fit value is determined according to the following expression:
determining the yield normalized pressure fit value according to the expression:
wherein, VMAnd RNPMRespectively representing cumulative yield fitting value and yield regularization pressure fitting value, VTBAnd VSJAnd respectively representing the plate yield data and the actual measurement yield data of the fitting point in the log-log curve, and respectively representing the plate yield normalized pressure data and the actual measurement yield normalized pressure data of the fitting point in the log-log curve by RNPTB and RNPSJ.
The evaluation module 9 provided by the invention has the following evaluation method:
1) selecting influence factors of the reliability of the oil-gas well casing through an evaluation program, and hierarchically dividing the corresponding influence factors to construct an oil-gas well casing reliability evaluation system;
2) calculating the weight of each influence factor in the constructed oil-gas well casing reliability evaluation system;
3) establishing an evaluation index of each influence factor, and constructing a reliability evaluation standard of the influence factors according to the established evaluation index of the influence factors;
4) and evaluating each influence factor according to the reliability evaluation standard of each influence factor, and calculating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing according to the evaluation result and the weight of each influence factor.
The invention provides that step 1) further comprises:
selecting drilling factors, mining factors, stress factors and geological factors as first-layer influence factors by adopting literature investigation, case analysis and expert investigation methods;
and selecting a second layer influence factor and a third layer influence factor corresponding to the first layer influence factor according to the drilling factor, the mining factor, the stress factor and the geological factor.
The step 2) provided by the invention further comprises the following steps: and calculating the weights of the first layer influence factors, the second layer influence factors and the third layer influence factors by adopting an expert survey method and an analytic hierarchy process.
The step 3) provided by the invention further comprises the following steps:
making grades to be divided and evaluation indexes corresponding to the grades aiming at the selected influence factors;
establishing a reliability evaluation standard aiming at the evaluation indexes of each grade of each influence factor according to an industry standard and expert experience;
an evaluation vector corresponding to each evaluation index is prepared.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hydraulic fracture modification system for unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells, comprising:
the system comprises a pressure detection module, a depth detection module, a data transmission module, a central control module, a driving module, a filling module, an oil gas storage module, a production analysis module, an evaluation module and a display module;
the pressure detection module is connected with the data transmission module and used for detecting the fracture pressure data of the oil layer rock through the pressure sensor;
the depth detection module is connected with the data transmission module and is used for detecting the depth data of the oil and gas well through the depth detector;
the data transmission module is connected with the pressure detection module, the depth detection module and the central control module and is used for transmitting the detected pressure and depth data to the central control module through the transmission equipment;
the central control module is connected with the data transmission module, the driving module, the filling module, the oil-gas storage module, the production analysis module, the evaluation module and the display module and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the main control computer;
the driving module is connected with the central control module and used for providing driving power for filling fracturing fluid through the high-pressure pump;
the injection module is connected with the central control module and is used for injecting fracturing fluid with higher viscosity into the oil layer through the shaft;
the oil gas storage module is connected with the central control module and is used for collecting and storing oil gas through a gas tank;
the production analysis module is connected with the central control module and is used for analyzing the production data of the oil-gas well through an analysis program;
the evaluation module is connected with the central control module and used for evaluating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing through an evaluation program;
and the display module is connected with the central control module and used for displaying the detected pressure and depth data, the analysis result and the evaluation result through a display.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensing module comprises a plurality of pressure sensing units distributed at different locations, the pressure sensing units comprising:
the sampling subunit is used for detecting the pressure in real time and forming sampling data reflecting the pressure value;
the data processing subunit is used for receiving the sampling data and outputting intermediate data, wherein the intermediate data sequentially comprise a trigger signal, a duty field and the corresponding sampling data;
the gain subunit is used for receiving and reading the sampling data and outputting communication data, and when the gain unit reads the trigger signal, a gain signal is superposed to a duty field in the intermediate data to form the communication data;
and the output subunit is used for outputting the communication data to a communication bus.
3. The hydraulic fracture reformation system for unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells of claim 1, wherein the depth detection module comprises:
the level detection unit is used for detecting the levelness of the depth detection equipment through the level gauge;
the ultrasonic sensing unit is used for generating and transmitting ultrasonic waves to a limited range, capturing reflected ultrasonic waves from an object and inputting the reflected ultrasonic waves to the depth image module;
the depth image unit is used for receiving the reflected ultrasonic waves, generating a depth image in the range of the reflected ultrasonic waves and inputting the depth image to the data control module;
and the data processing unit is used for receiving the depth image, identifying and positioning the body part or the whole body in the depth image, converting the body part or the whole body into data capable of being identified and transmitting the data to the central control module.
4. The hydraulic fracture reformation system for unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells, as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic sensing unit comprises:
the pulse oscillator is used for generating intermittent pulses and transmitting the intermittent pulses to the transmitting transducer;
the transmitting transducer is used for receiving the interrupted pulse from the pulse oscillator, converting the interrupted pulse into ultrasonic waves and transmitting narrow beams with a certain range limitation;
the receiving transducer is used for receiving reflected ultrasonic waves from an object, converting the reflected ultrasonic waves into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to the depth image module;
the depth image unit includes:
and the depth reconstruction subunit is used for receiving the electric signal obtained by the conversion of the reflected ultrasonic wave, performing depth reconstruction on image information contained in the electric signal in real time according to a depth reconstruction rule and generating a depth image related to the range of the reflected ultrasonic wave.
5. A method for hydraulic fracture reformation of unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells, based on a system for hydraulic fracture reformation of unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
detecting fracture pressure data of oil layer rocks by a pressure detection module through a pressure sensor; detecting oil and gas well depth data by a depth detection module by using a depth detector;
transmitting the detected pressure and depth data to a central control module by a data transmission module through transmission equipment;
thirdly, the central control module provides driving power for injecting fracturing fluid by using a high-pressure pump through a driving module;
fourthly, injecting fracturing fluid with high viscosity into the oil layer by using the shaft through the injection module; collecting and storing oil gas by using a gas tank through an oil gas storage module;
analyzing the production data of the oil and gas well by using an analysis program through a production analysis module; evaluating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing by using an evaluation program through an evaluation module;
and sixthly, displaying the detected pressure and depth data, the analysis result and the evaluation result by using a display through a display module.
6. The method for hydraulic fracture reformation of unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the production analysis module in the fifth step adopts the following analysis method:
(1) constructing a yield normalized pressure function or a yield normalized pseudo-pressure function of the well to be analyzed according to the original formation pressure, the bottom hole flow pressure and the daily yield through an analysis program;
(2) determining a double-logarithm chart plate drawing function based on the accumulated yield according to the yield normalized pressure function or the yield normalized simulated pressure function, and drawing a yield normalized pressure double-logarithm chart plate or a yield normalized simulated pressure double-logarithm chart plate according to the double-logarithm chart plate drawing function;
(3) and fitting the yield normalized pressure log-log chart or the yield normalized simulated pressure log-log chart according to the obtained measured data in the yield normalized pressure log-log chart or the yield normalized simulated pressure log-log chart, and determining relevant parameters of the well to be analyzed according to the log-log chart fitting result and the yield and pressure history fitting result.
7. The method of hydraulic fracture reformation of unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that in said step (1), if the well to be analyzed is an oil well, the production-normalized pressure function is constructed according to the expression:
if the well to be analyzed is a gas well, calculating the yield normalized simulated pressure function according to the following expression:
wherein RNP represents a yield-normalized pressure or a yield-normalized pseudo pressure, piRepresenting the original formation pressure, pwfRepresenting bottom hole pressure, t time, q production, #iShowing pseudo pressure of gas well virgin formation, psiwfRepresenting the pseudo pressure at the bottom of the gas well.
8. The method of hydraulic fracture reformation of unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells of claim 6, characterized in that in step (2), a production normalized pressure derivative function is determined from the production normalized pressure function, and the production normalized pressure log-log version is constructed from the production normalized pressure function and the production normalized pressure derivative function; or determining a yield regularization pressure integral function according to the yield regularization pressure function, determining a yield regularization pressure integral derivative function according to the yield regularization pressure integral function, and constructing a yield regularization pressure log-log plate according to the yield regularization pressure integral function and the yield regularization pressure integral derivative function; or determining a yield normalized pressure derivative function and a yield normalized pressure integral function according to the yield normalized pressure function, determining a yield normalized pressure integral derivative function according to the yield normalized pressure integral function, and constructing a yield normalized pressure log-log graph according to the yield normalized pressure function, the yield normalized pressure derivative function, the yield normalized pressure integral function and the yield normalized pressure integral derivative function;
and (3) adjusting the fitting effect of the yield regularization pressure log-log plate by adjusting the cumulative yield fitting value and the yield regularization pressure fitting value.
9. The method for hydraulic fracture reformation of unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the evaluation module uses the following evaluation methods:
1) selecting influence factors of the reliability of the oil-gas well casing through an evaluation program, and hierarchically dividing the corresponding influence factors to construct an oil-gas well casing reliability evaluation system;
2) calculating the weight of each influence factor in the constructed oil-gas well casing reliability evaluation system;
3) establishing an evaluation index of each influence factor, and constructing a reliability evaluation standard of the influence factors according to the established evaluation index of the influence factors;
4) and evaluating each influence factor according to the reliability evaluation standard of each influence factor, and calculating the reliability of the oil-gas well casing according to the evaluation result and the weight of each influence factor.
10. The method of hydraulic fracture reformation of unconventional reservoir hydrocarbon wells of claim 9, wherein said step 1) further comprises:
selecting drilling factors, mining factors, stress factors and geological factors as first-layer influence factors by adopting literature investigation, case analysis and expert investigation methods;
selecting a second layer influence factor and a third layer influence factor corresponding to the first layer influence factor according to the drilling factor, the mining factor, the stress factor and the geological factor;
the step 2) further comprises the following steps: calculating the weights of the first layer influence factors, the second layer influence factors and the third layer influence factors by adopting an expert survey method and an analytic hierarchy process;
the step 3) further comprises the following steps:
making grades to be divided and evaluation indexes corresponding to the grades aiming at the selected influence factors;
establishing a reliability evaluation standard aiming at the evaluation indexes of each grade of each influence factor according to an industry standard and expert experience;
an evaluation vector corresponding to each evaluation index is prepared.
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