CN111521283A - Laser wavelength and power monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Laser wavelength and power monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111521283A CN111521283A CN202010423576.4A CN202010423576A CN111521283A CN 111521283 A CN111521283 A CN 111521283A CN 202010423576 A CN202010423576 A CN 202010423576A CN 111521283 A CN111521283 A CN 111521283A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J9/00—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength
- G01J9/02—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength by interferometric methods
- G01J9/0246—Measuring optical wavelength
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser wavelength and power monitoring device and a method, wherein the device comprises a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector, a beam splitter, a circulator, a linear fiber grating, an analog-to-digital converter and a microprocessor; the beam splitter is respectively connected with an external laser input source, the first photoelectric detector and the first port of the circulator, the second port of the circulator is connected with the linear fiber bragg grating, the third port of the circulator is connected with the second photoelectric detector, and the analog-to-digital converter is respectively electrically connected with the first photoelectric detector, the second photoelectric detector and the microprocessor. The invention has the advantages that: the monitoring to laser power and wavelength can be realized simultaneously, and simple structure all adopts optical fiber type device, the integration of being convenient for, small in size, convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser monitoring, in particular to a laser wavelength and power monitoring device and method.
Background
The wavelength and the power are two important parameters of the laser, can effectively reflect the working state of the laser, and have important influence in the applications of laser spectrum synthesis, gas detection, optical sensing and the like. Currently, a method for measuring a laser wavelength includes a spectrum analyzer, a wavemeter, an FP etalon, and the like. The spectrum analyzer is most commonly used, and has a large spectrum measurement range and high measurement accuracy, but is generally large in size and expensive, and is not suitable for being integrated into a laser system. The wavelength meter can realize high-precision wavelength measurement in a large range, but also has the defects of high price and large volume. The FP etalon can realize high-precision wavelength resolution, different transmission wavelengths can be selected through tuning, but the tunable FP etalon has higher manufacturing cost and is difficult to simultaneously realize the monitoring of laser power.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a laser wavelength and power monitoring apparatus and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a laser wavelength and power monitoring device comprises a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector, a beam splitter, a circulator, a linear fiber grating, an analog-to-digital converter and a microprocessor;
the beam splitter comprises an input arm and two output arms, the input arm is connected with an external laser source, one output arm is connected with the first photoelectric detector, and the other output arm is connected with the circulator;
the circulator comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port of the circulator is connected with one output arm of the beam splitter, the second port of the circulator is connected with the linear fiber bragg grating, and the third port of the circulator is connected with the second photoelectric detector;
the input end of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected with the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector respectively, and the output end of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected with the microprocessor;
the beam splitter is used for splitting laser output by the laser source into two beams, transmitting one beam into the first photoelectric detector, transmitting the other beam into the circulator, reflecting the other beam by the linear fiber bragg grating and then reaching the second photoelectric detector;
the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector are used for converting the received optical signals into analog electric signals, converting the analog electric signals into digital electric signals through the analog-to-digital converter and transmitting the digital electric signals to the microprocessor.
In some embodiments, the beam splitter has a splitting ratio between 30:70 and 50: 50.
In some embodiments, the beam splitter has a splitting ratio of 30:70, and wherein the output arm with the smaller split is connected to the first photodetector and the output arm with the larger split is connected to the first port of the circulator.
In some embodiments, the first and second photodetectors are PIN photodiodes.
In some embodiments, the microprocessor is an STM32F103ZET6 microprocessor chip.
A laser wavelength and power monitoring method is based on the laser wavelength and power monitoring device and comprises the following steps:
and 6, obtaining the wavelength lambda of the original input laser according to the linear relation between the ratio of the detection values AD2 and AD1 and the reflectivity R of the second laser beam at the linear fiber grating and the linear relation between the reflectivity R and the laser wavelength.
In some embodiments, in step 5, the power P of the original input laser is specifically obtained by the following calculation formula:
P＝K1*AD1 (Ⅰ)；
in the formula: k1 represents a first slope parameter, which is a constant;
in step 6, the wavelength λ of the original input laser is specifically obtained by the following calculation formula:
λ＝K2*AD2/AD1+M (Ⅱ)；
in the formula: k2 represents the second slope parameter, M represents the intercept parameter, and K2, M are both constants.
In some embodiments, the power P of the original input laser in step 5 and the wavelength λ of the original input laser in step 6 are obtained by a linear interpolation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the laser wavelength and power monitoring device and method provided by the invention adopt the beam splitter to divide the injected laser into two beams, wherein one beam is directly used for realizing laser power monitoring, the other beam is reflected by the linear fiber grating with linear reflectivity, the optical power value of the other beam is related to the laser wavelength, the two beams of light are detected, and the two detection values are compared, thereby effectively avoiding the influence caused by laser power fluctuation and ensuring the accurate judgment of the laser wavelength within a certain range; therefore, the invention can simultaneously realize the monitoring of the laser power and the wavelength, has simple structure, adopts optical fiber devices, is convenient for integration, and has small volume and convenient use.
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Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention which refers to the accompanying drawings, and may assist in a comprehensive understanding of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser wavelength and power monitoring device provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the reflectivity of a linear fiber grating in an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. a first photodetector; 2. a second photodetector; 3. a beam splitter; 4. a circulator; 5. linear fiber grating; 6. an analog-to-digital converter; 7. a microprocessor; 8. a laser source.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a laser wavelength and power monitoring device, which includes a first photodetector 1, a second photodetector 2, a beam splitter 3, a circulator 4, a linear fiber grating 5, an analog-to-digital converter 6 and a microprocessor 7.
The beam splitter 3 comprises an input arm and two output arms, the input arm is connected with an external laser source 8, one of the output arms is connected with the first photodetector 1, and the other output arm is connected with the circulator 4.
The circulator 4 comprises a first port 41, a second port 42 and a third port 43, the first port 41 of the circulator 4 is connected with one output arm of the beam splitter 3, the second port 42 is connected with the linear fiber grating 5, and the third port 43 is connected with the second photodetector 2; when in use, the laser input into the circulator 4 from the first port 41 is output from the second port 42 and transmitted to the linear fiber grating 5, reflected by the linear fiber grating 5, and then transmitted back to the second port 42, and finally output to the second photodetector 2 from the third port 43;
the input end of the analog-to-digital converter 6 is electrically connected with the first photodetector 1 and the second photodetector 2 respectively, and the output end is electrically connected with the microprocessor 7.
The beam splitter 3 is used for splitting laser output by the laser source 8 into two beams, transmitting one beam into the first photoelectric detector 1, transmitting the other beam into the circulator 4, reflecting the other beam by the linear fiber grating 5 and then reaching the second photoelectric detector 2;
the first photoelectric detector 1 and the second photoelectric detector 2 are used for converting the received optical signals into analog electric signals, converting the analog electric signals into digital electric signals through the analog-to-digital converter 6 and transmitting the digital electric signals to the microprocessor 7;
the linear fiber grating 5 is used for reflecting laser, and the reflectivity of the laser and the laser wavelength are in a linear relation in a certain range.
It is understood that the laser source 8, the beam splitter 4, the circulator 3, the linear fiber grating 5, and the optical connection between the first photodetector 1 and the second photodetector 2 (i.e., the dotted line portion in fig. 1) can be realized by optical fibers.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the abscissa in the figure represents the laser wavelength in nm, and the ordinate represents the reflectance of the laser. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the center wavelength of the linear fiber grating 5 is about 1063nm, the reflection bandwidth is about 3nm, and the reflectivity changes from 10% to 90%; that is, within a 3nm bandwidth around 1063nm, the reflectivity of the laser is linear with the wavelength of the laser, and the reflectivity changes from the lowest 10% to the highest 90% in the linear region. Therefore, the linear fiber grating 5 has high precision and can meet the requirement of accurate monitoring of laser wavelength within a certain range; if the laser wavelength to be monitored is not within the linear range of the linear fiber grating 5, the different linear fiber grating 5 can be replaced. The linear fiber grating 5 can adopt a temperature compensation packaging structure and is insensitive to temperature change.
Preferably, the splitting ratio of the beam splitter 3 is between 30:70 and 50: 50.
More preferably, the beam splitter 3 has a splitting ratio of 30:70, and wherein the output with a smaller splitting ratio is connected to the first photodetector 1 and the output with a larger splitting ratio is connected to the first port 41 of the circulator 4. By the arrangement, the laser wavelength and the power can be monitored more accurately.
Further, the first photodetector 1 and the second photodetector 2 may both adopt PIN photodiodes; the analog-to-digital converter 6 supports dual-channel signal input so as to realize conversion from two paths of analog signals to digital signals; the microprocessor 7 may employ an STM32F103ZET6 microprocessor chip.
The invention also provides a laser wavelength and power monitoring method which is realized based on the laser wavelength and power monitoring device and specifically comprises the following steps:
And 2, converting the input optical signal of the first laser beam into an analog electric signal by using the first photoelectric detector 1 and outputting the analog electric signal to the analog-to-digital converter 6, and converting the input optical signal of the second laser beam into an analog electric signal by using the second photoelectric detector 2 and outputting the analog electric signal to the analog-to-digital converter 6.
And 3, converting the analog electric signals output by the first photoelectric detector 1 and the second photoelectric detector 2 into digital electric signals by using an analog-to-digital converter 6, and transmitting the digital electric signals to a microprocessor 7.
And 4, analyzing and processing the digital electric signal output by the analog-to-digital converter 6 by using the microprocessor 7, obtaining a detection value AD1 corresponding to the first laser beam from the electric signal output by the first photoelectric detector 1, and obtaining a detection value AD2 corresponding to the second laser beam from the electric signal output by the second photoelectric detector 2.
And 5, obtaining the power P of the original input laser according to the linear relation between the detection value AD1 and the laser power.
And 6, obtaining the wavelength lambda of the original input laser according to the linear relation between the ratio of the detection values AD2 and AD1 and the reflectivity R of the second laser beam at the linear fiber grating 5 and the linear relation between the reflectivity R and the laser wavelength.
Of course, the wavelength λ of the input laser needs to be within the linear range of the linear fiber grating 5, and if the obtained result is not within the range, it indicates that the linear fiber grating 5 needs to be replaced; generally, the wavelength fluctuation of the laser generated by the laser is not particularly large, so that the invention can meet the requirement of precise wavelength monitoring in most cases.
Further, in step 5, the power P of the original input laser is specifically obtained by the following calculation formula:
P＝K1*AD1 (Ⅰ)；
in the formula: k1 represents a first slope parameter, which is a constant.
In step 6, the wavelength λ of the original input laser is specifically obtained by the following calculation formula:
λ＝K2*AD2/AD1+M (Ⅱ)；
in the formula: k2 represents the second slope parameter, M represents the intercept parameter, and K2, M are both constants.
The value of each constant can be obtained through experiments, specifically, the value of AD1 can be obtained by processing laser with known power through the device, and the value of K1 can be obtained by bringing back the value to formula (I); in addition, two groups of laser with known and different wavelengths and the wavelengths within the linear range of the linear fiber grating 5 are respectively processed by the device to obtain two groups of values AD1 and AD2, and the values K2 and M can be obtained by bringing the values back to the formula (II).
The derivation process of the above formulas (i) and (ii) is specifically as follows:
the beam splitting ratio of the first laser beam to the second laser beam split by the beam splitter 3 is a: b (such as 30: 70); obviously, the detected value of the electrical signal and the corresponding laser power value are not only linear but also proportional, and if the laser power is 0, the electrical signal is not detected, and the detected value is also 0, so that the power of the first laser beam can be represented as P1-AD 1 k1, where k1 is a photoelectric conversion parameter and is a constant; in addition, due to the existence of the beam splitter 3, P1 ═ P (1-ks1) × (a + b) is obtained, P ═ AD1 ═ k1/(1-ks1)) × (a + b)/a is obtained, and ks1 is the inherent loss introduced by the beam splitter at the corresponding beam splitting arm; since K1, ks1, a, and b are all constants, the above formula can be directly expressed as P ═ K1 × AD 1.
Similarly, before reflection by the linear fiber grating 5, the power P2 ═ P (1-ks2) × b/(a + b), ks2 is the intrinsic loss introduced by the beam splitter at the corresponding beam splitting arm, and after reflection, the power P2 '═ AD2 × k1 of the second laser beam reaching the photodetector, so that the reflectivity R ═ P2'/P2 ═(a × AD2)/(b AD1) ((1-ks1)/(1-ks2)), that is, the reflectivity R of the laser is linear with the AD2/AD 1; because of the nature of the linear fiber grating 5 (as shown in fig. 2), the reflectance R and the wavelength λ are also linear in a certain range, and the reflectance R can be expressed as R ═ k2 × λ + c, where k2 and c are both constants; λ ═ a × AD2)/(b × AD1) ((1-ks1)/(1-ks2)) -c ]/k 2; k2, ks1, ks2, a, b and c are constants, so the above formula can be directly expressed as K2 AD2/AD1+ M.
In step 5 and step 6, the power P of the original input laser and the wavelength λ of the original input laser may be obtained by a linear interpolation method directly according to a linear relationship, instead of the above formula. Specifically, a plurality of sets of corresponding arrays are pre-stored in the microprocessor 7, and in order to obtain the power P, the arrays of the AD1 and the power P can be directly established; to obtain the wavelength λ, an array of AD2/AD1 and wavelength λ may be established; when the device works, the values of the power P and the wavelength lambda are directly given through a linear interpolation method according to the corresponding relation between the actually measured AD1 and AD2 values and the arrays; the values of power P and wavelength λ obtained by this method can be made sufficiently accurate as long as the pre-stored arrays are sufficiently large.
In summary, the laser wavelength and power monitoring device and method provided by the invention adopt the beam splitter to divide the injected laser into two beams, wherein one beam is directly used for realizing laser power monitoring, the other beam is reflected by the linear fiber grating with linear reflectivity, the optical power value is related to the laser wavelength, the two beams of light are detected, and the two detection values are compared, so that the influence caused by laser power fluctuation can be effectively avoided, and the accurate judgment of the laser wavelength within a certain range is ensured; therefore, the invention can simultaneously realize the monitoring of the laser power and the wavelength, has simple structure, adopts optical fiber devices, is convenient for integration, and has small volume and convenient use.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A laser wavelength and power monitoring device is characterized by comprising a first photoelectric detector (1), a second photoelectric detector (2), a beam splitter (3), a circulator (4), a linear fiber grating (5), an analog-to-digital converter (6) and a microprocessor (7);
the beam splitter (3) comprises an input arm and two output arms, the input arm is connected with an external laser source (8), one output arm is connected with the first photoelectric detector (1), and the other output arm is connected with the circulator (4);
the circulator (4) comprises a first port (41), a second port (42) and a third port (43), the first port (41) of the circulator (4) is connected with one output arm of the beam splitter (3), the second port (42) is connected with the linear fiber grating (5), and the third port (43) is connected with the second photodetector (2);
the input end of the analog-to-digital converter (6) is respectively and electrically connected with the first photoelectric detector (1) and the second photoelectric detector (2), and the output end of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected with the microprocessor (7);
the beam splitter (3) is used for splitting laser output by the laser source (8) into two beams, transmitting one beam into the first photoelectric detector (1), transmitting the other beam into the circulator (4), reflecting the other beam by the linear fiber grating (5) and then reaching the second photoelectric detector (2);
the first photoelectric detector (1) and the second photoelectric detector (2) are used for converting received optical signals into analog electric signals, converting the analog electric signals into digital electric signals through the analog-to-digital converter (6) and transmitting the digital electric signals to the microprocessor (7).
2. The laser wavelength and power monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam splitting ratio of the beam splitter (3) is between 30:70 and 50: 50.
3. The laser wavelength and power monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein the beam splitter (3) has a splitting ratio of 30:70, and wherein a smaller splitting output arm is connected to the first photodetector (1) and a larger splitting output arm is connected to the first port (41) of the circulator (4).
4. The laser wavelength and power monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first photodetector (1) and the second photodetector (2) are both PIN photodiodes.
5. The laser wavelength and power monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the microprocessor (7) is an STM32F103ZET6 microprocessor chip.
6. A method for laser wavelength and power monitoring using the laser wavelength and power monitoring device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, dividing laser input by a laser source (8) into two beams by using a beam splitter (3), namely a first laser beam and a second laser beam, transmitting the first laser beam to a first photoelectric detector (1), transmitting the second laser beam to a first port (41) of a circulator (4), outputting the laser to a linear fiber grating (5) from a second port (42) of the circulator (4), reflecting the laser by the linear fiber grating (5), transmitting the laser back to the second port (42) of the circulator (4), and outputting the laser to a second photoelectric detector (2) from a third port (43) of the circulator (4);
step 2, converting an input optical signal of the first laser beam into an analog electric signal by using the first photoelectric detector (1) and outputting the analog electric signal to the analog-to-digital converter (6), and converting an input optical signal of the second laser beam into an analog electric signal by using the second photoelectric detector (2) and outputting the analog electric signal to the analog-to-digital converter (6);
step 3, analog electric signals output by the first photoelectric detector (1) and the second photoelectric detector (2) are respectively converted into digital electric signals by an analog-to-digital converter (6) and transmitted to a microprocessor (7);
step 4, analyzing and processing the digital electric signal output by the analog-digital converter (6) by using the microprocessor (7), obtaining a detection value AD1 corresponding to the first laser beam from the electric signal output by the first photoelectric detector (1), and obtaining a detection value AD2 corresponding to the second laser beam from the electric signal output by the second photoelectric detector (2);
step 5, obtaining the power P of the original input laser according to the linear relation between the detection value AD1 and the laser power;
and 6, obtaining the wavelength lambda of the original input laser according to the linear relation between the ratio of the detection values AD2 and AD1 and the reflectivity R of the second laser beam at the linear fiber grating (5) and the linear relation between the reflectivity R and the laser wavelength.
7. The laser wavelength and power monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein in step 5, the power P of the original input laser is obtained by the following calculation formula:
P＝K1*AD1 (Ⅰ)；
in the formula: k1 represents a first slope parameter, which is a constant;
in step 6, the wavelength λ of the original input laser is specifically obtained by the following calculation formula:
λ＝K2*AD2/AD1+M (Ⅱ)；
in the formula: k2 represents the second slope parameter, M represents the intercept parameter, and K2, M are both constants.
8. The method for laser wavelength and power monitoring according to claim 6, wherein the power P of the original input laser in step 5 and the wavelength λ of the original input laser in step 6 are obtained by linear interpolation.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113029333A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-25 | 中南大学 | Laser power detection device and measurement method thereof |
| CN113375795A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-10 | 中国人民解放军92493部队计量测试研究所 | Heat loss compensation method for laser energy meter |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113029333A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-25 | 中南大学 | Laser power detection device and measurement method thereof |
| CN113375795A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-10 | 中国人民解放军92493部队计量测试研究所 | Heat loss compensation method for laser energy meter |
| CN113375795B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-07-25 | 中国人民解放军92493部队计量测试研究所 | Heat loss compensation method for laser energy meter |
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