CN111493939A

CN111493939A - Protective sampling swab for large animals

Info

Publication number: CN111493939A
Application number: CN202010338197.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李靖; 王雪帆; 曾申明
Original assignee: China Agricultural University
Current assignee: China Agricultural University
Priority date: 2020-04-26
Filing date: 2020-04-26
Publication date: 2020-08-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a protective sampling swab for large animals, belonging to the technical field of medical appliances. The method comprises the following steps: the sampling swab is arranged on the inner shell; the shell is a transparent hollow cylindrical tube, the sampling end is folded towards the central axis to form a hemisphere shape, and a 'meter' -shaped one-way valve opening structure is arranged; the inner shell is a transparent hollow cylindrical tube, the middle part of the inner shell is sleeved in the outer shell, the tail end of the inner shell is provided with a funnel-shaped buckle, and the sampling end of the inner shell is sleeved in the outer shell before use; the sampling swab comprises a test rod, a test head and a push-pull rod, wherein the middle part of the test rod is sleeved in the inner shell; the wiper head is fixed at the front end of the wiper rod, and the switching between the retracting state and the extending state is realized under the push-pull action of the push-pull rod; the double-layer protective shell structure practically realizes aseptic sampling, so that the sampling result is more accurate, and meanwhile, the artificial uterine hydrops problem cannot be caused.

Description

Protective sampling swab for large animals

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to a protective sampling swab for large animals.

Background

Endometritis is considered to be the most important reproductive disease of mares and cows at present, which can cause that the female animals cannot be pregnant, the reproductive rate is low, the milk yield is reduced, and the treatment cost is high, thereby bringing huge economic loss to the whole industry. At present, the domestic research on sampling methods in the uterus or the upper respiratory tract of large animals has less literature, particularly for domestic equine animals, the medical level is laggard, compared with some developed countries, advanced diagnosis and treatment measures are lacked, the development of the whole industry is severely restricted, the welfare of the equine animals is difficult to be guaranteed, a plurality of basic research works are worthy of perfection, and the education popularization of the knowledge related to the equine animals is also required.

At present, the sampling of the domestic large animal swab generally takes a cotton swab as a main part, and has the advantages of low price and easy acquisition; however, the defects are obvious, namely low sampling efficiency, insufficient length for sampling deep structures of large animals (such as intrauterine devices or deep parts of upper respiratory tracts) and easy external pollution. In recent years, the work of monitoring animal epidemic diseases is highly emphasized in China, and the collection of samples is of great importance as the initial step of carrying out laboratory work.

When large animals are clinically diagnosed and treated in early stage (such as diseases of reproductive tracts and upper respiratory tracts of dams, such as endometritis, CEM, equine strangles and the like of the large animals), the determination of the types of pathogens has extremely important significance for guiding clinical medication and treatment methods. Therefore, a sterile sampling swab is necessary as a convenient clinical diagnostic aid.

The existing common sampling swab and the large animal sampling method have the following obvious defects:

① the swab is unprotected and is easy to be polluted;

② the swab stick has insufficient length and can not extend into uterus or nasopharynx of large animal (such as equine animal and cattle);

③ the independent swab is inconvenient to transport after sampling;

④ the cotton swab has poor water absorption and low sample collection efficiency;

⑤ pledget head pledget cotton wool may be easily lint-free;

⑥ the sampling method is complicated (such as injector, rubber tube, vas deferens, etc.).

Therefore, in order to solve the problem that the sampling of deep structures such as reproductive tracts, upper respiratory tracts and the like of dams of large animals (mainly equine animals and cattle) is difficult, a protective sampling swab is designed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a large animal protective sampling swab which comprises: the sampling swab is arranged on the inner shell;

the shell is a transparent hollow cylindrical tube, the sampling end is folded towards the central axis to form a hemisphere shape, and a 'meter' -shaped one-way valve opening structure is arranged; the valve is in a closed state before use, and is in an outward opening state when in use;

the inner shell is a transparent hollow cylindrical tube, the middle part of the inner shell is sleeved in the outer shell, the tail end of the inner shell is provided with a funnel-shaped buckle, the sampling end of the inner shell is sleeved in the outer shell before use, and the sampling end can be switched between a retraction state and an extension state when used;

the sampling swab comprises a swab rod, a swab head and a push-pull rod,

the middle part of the sampling swab is sleeved in the inner shell;

the swab head is fixed at the front end of the swab rod, the push-pull rod is fixedly connected at the rear end of the swab rod, the outer diameter of the push-pull rod is larger than that of the swab rod, and the swab head can be switched between a retracted state and an extended state under the action of the push-pull rod; in the retracted state, the swab head is retracted inside the inner casing; in the extended state, the swab head extends from the sampling end of the inner housing.

The diameter of the end section of the funnel-shaped buckle is larger than the outer diameter of the shell.

The sampling swab length > inner shell length > outer shell length.

The wiper rod is provided with a break point located at 2/3 of the wiper rod.

After use, the end of the sampling swab is withdrawn from the end of the inner housing, which is withdrawn from the end of the outer housing by a funnel-shaped snap.

The push-pull rod is a hollow transparent cylinder, and one end of the swab rod is inserted into and fixed at one end of the push-pull rod.

The inner shell, the outer shell and the push-pull rod are made of PVC materials.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. a disposable product. Medical plastics are adopted, so that the medical plastic can withstand radiation sterilization and can effectively avoid cross infection;

2. semi-closed one-way valve opening. The head of the shell adopts a 'meter' -shaped one-way valve opening structure, and the shell is in a closed state before use, so that the internal structure of the shell is prevented from being polluted by the external environment; when in use, the opening of the outer shell is provided with a Chinese character 'mi' shaped impression, the inner shell is pushed out forwards, and the valve at the top of the outer shell is opened outwards from the inside, so the operation is simple and convenient, and the operation is easy to be carried out. For example, if the inner wall of the uterus needs to be sampled, the sample collected after the swab enters the uterus can be ensured to directly come from the inner wall of the uterus, and the sampling accuracy can be effectively improved;

3. prevent that the inner shell from excessively impelling the structure. When the inner shell is pushed, the tail part of the funnel shape and the outer shell form a 'buckle' structure, so that the situation that the inner shell is pushed excessively to enter the outer shell can be effectively prevented, and inconvenience in the actual operation process is avoided;

4. double-deck protective housing structure. For example, in the case of an intrauterine swab sampling, the housing may act as a first "line of defense" as the swab passes from the vulva into the uterus; the inner shell can act as a second "line of defense" as the sampling swab exits the uterus. The sampling swab positioned in the central part is protected by double protection, so that aseptic sampling is realized, the sampling result is more accurate, and meanwhile, the artificial uterine effusion problem caused by leading liquid into the uterus is avoided;

5. the swab length extension structure. The push-pull rod can effectively solve the problem that deep sampling cannot be carried out due to insufficient swab length;

6. a nylon flocked swab head. The contact area between the surface of the swab and the sampling part is relatively larger by the flocking manufacturing process, so that the water absorption, sample adhesion and sample release performance of the flocking manufacturing process are more excellent than those of a cotton swab, laboratory diagnosis is facilitated, repeated sampling caused by invalid sample collection can be avoided, and time, energy and potential sampling cost are saved;

7. the swab shaft is frangible. Compared with common swab rods such as wood rods, bamboo rods, common plastic rods and the like, the swab rod has easy breaking points and is convenient to break. After sampling, the swab head adhered with the sample can be taken down by applying force at the breakpoint, and the swab head is conveniently placed into a container filled with culture solution for storage and transportation. Belongs to the existing product, and can be customized by contacting related companies if special size requirements exist in the actual production;

8. simple structure and convenient operation. If the operator uses according to the product use step of recommendation, can obtain good use experience in principle. If the size design of the product is slightly modified, the sampling swab structural part can be replaced by other types of sampling tools (such as a cytobrush), and the combination can be flexibly replaced according to the actual clinical application requirements, so that the sampling swab structural part has a good application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a protective sampling swab prior to use;

FIG. 2 is an overall block diagram of a protective sampling swab during use;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the sampling end of the protective sampling swab prior to use;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the sampling end of the protective sampling swab during use;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the sampling end of the housing prior to use;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a sample taken from the housing during use;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the positional relationship of the inner and outer shells before use;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the positional relationship of the shells during use;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the sampling end of the sampling swab.

Wherein: 1 outer shell, 2 inner shell, 3 sampling swab (push-pull rod), 4 sampling swab (nylon swab head), 5 sampling swab (swab rod), 6 sampling swab (easy break point)

Detailed Description

The invention provides a large animal protective sampling swab, which is further described in detail by combining the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

a large animal protective sampling swab, comprising: an outer shell, an inner shell and a sampling swab, as shown in figures 1 and 2, wherein the three are assembled;

the shell is a transparent hollow cylindrical tube and is made of soft medical PVC material, so that the flexibility is good. As shown in fig. 3-6, the sampling end is folded towards the central axis to form a hemisphere shape, and a'm' -shaped one-way valve opening structure is arranged; the valve is in a closed state before use, and is in an outward opening state when in use;

the inner shell is a transparent hollow cylindrical tube, the middle part of the inner shell is sleeved in the outer shell, a funnel-shaped buckle is arranged at the tail end of the inner shell as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the sampling end of the inner shell is sleeved in the outer shell before use, and the sampling end can be switched between a retraction state and an extension state when used;

the sampling swab is shown in fig. 9, comprising a swab rod, a swab head and a push-pull rod;

the middle part of the test rod is sleeved in the inner shell;

Sampling swab length > inner shell length > outer shell length.

The wiper rod is provided with a breaking point, and the distance between the breaking point and the test head is 2/3 the length of the wiper rod.

Before use, the outer shell, the inner shell and the sampling swab are combined in a sleeved mode; the outer shell is sleeved with the sampling end and the middle part of the inner shell, the inner shell is sleeved with the test head and the middle part of the sampling swab, and the valve is in a closed state (a rice-shaped impression exists at an opening) to ensure that the inner swab is in an aseptic environment before sampling; during the use, send into the position that awaits measuring with device sampling end is whole, ejecting forward by the inner shell through leaking hopper-shaped buckle, outwards open the valve at shell top from inside to form double-deck protective sheath, realize aseptic sampling.

The inner shell structure is harder but has certain flexibility relative to the outer shell, and can reduce the damage to tissues. Wholly be both ends open-ended tubular structure, the end sets up the infundibulate buckle, the funnel is gone to the bottom directly and is communicated with each other with the outside, it is greater than the shell external diameter to go to the bottom footpath, form a "buckle" structure with the shell when advancing the inner shell, can prevent effectively that the inner shell from advancing excessively and getting into the shell, avoid causing adverse effect at the in-service operation in-process, this afterbody structure also provides a point of application of force for the operator simultaneously, make the sampling end can switch between withdrawal state and the state of stretching out through this structure during the use, let the product use more attentively.

Due to the meter-shaped mark on the head of the outer shell, the closed valve can be ejected outwards when the inner shell is pushed, so that the sampling swab rod can conveniently enter the position to be sampled to carry out the next operation. The inner housing can serve as a guide when the sampling swab lever is operated and limits the range of motion of the swab head to a certain extent, thus protecting the swab breakpoints and reducing the risk of accidental breakage of the swab during operation. After sampling, the swab rod can be pulled back into the inner shell and withdrawn together with the double-layer protective outer shell, and the inner shell plays a role in protecting the collected sample. After sampling is finished, the inner shell is pulled back to expose the easy breaking point, and the inner shell can assist in applying force to break the wiper rod.

The sampling tester is divided into a wiper head, a tester rod and a push-pull rod. The swab head is a nylon flocked swab, and the swab rod is provided with a structure with a breakable point which is a core part for sample collection. The push-pull rod can be designed into a hollow cylinder as a length extension structure of the swab rod, the inner shell and the push-pull rod are made of hard medical PVC, the outer diameter of the push-pull rod is larger than that of the swab rod, the swab rod is convenient to hold by hand or apply force in the sampling process, and the defects that a common swab rod is too thin, poor in stability and inconvenient to operate in practical application are overcome. Meanwhile, the swab rod is inserted into and adhered to the hollow part of the push-pull rod, the push-pull rod is used as an extension structure, the push-pull rod and the extension structure cannot slide, and the swab rod and the extension structure can be regarded as an integrated structure in practical application, so that the overall stability of the swab during sampling is ensured. When the sampling passage is opened in the inner shell, an operator can hold the push-pull rod to push and pull back and forth to sample; when the sample is collected, the push-pull rod is pulled back to retract the swab into the inner shell, the swab is withdrawn from the deep cavity, the easy-breaking point is forced to be broken, the swab head is collected, and the swab head can be stored in a prepared culture solution to transport the sample or be subjected to direct plate streaking culture and the like.

Example 1 uterine sampling of large animals

The protective sampling swab has a housing length of 650mm, a housing tube outer diameter of 10mm, an inner diameter of 9mm, and a thickness of 0.5 mm; the length of the inner shell is 675mm, the outer diameter of the inner shell pipe is 8mm, the inner diameter of the inner shell pipe is 6mm, the length of the funnel-shaped buckle is 5mm, the outer diameter of the tail end of the funnel-shaped buckle is 15mm, and the thickness of the funnel-shaped buckle is 1 mm; the swab rod is 725mm in length, the push-pull rod is 5mm in outer diameter and 3mm in inner diameter, and the swab head is 80mm in length.

① the operator holds the tail of the product with one hand and the other hand (wearing a pair of gloves) to protect the head of the shell and guide the swab from the vulva, through the vagina and cervix, and into the interior of the uterus;

② retracting the hand into the uterus from the uterus, extending into the rectum to hold the uterine wall to be sampled;

③ the inner shell is pushed by hand holding the swab tail to make the inner shell extend out of the outer shell until the tail of the inner shell and the outer shell form a 'snap' structure;

④ the inner shell is pushed to the position to be sampled and the push-pull rod is moved back and forth to increase the contact area between the nylon flocking swab head and the intrauterine wall as much as possible;

⑤ pulling back the push-pull rod to retract the swab head into the inner housing, allowing the outer housing, inner housing and sampling swab rod to exit the uterus simultaneously, while the other hand also exits the rectum;

⑥ pulling back the inner case or pushing a push-pull rod toward the head exposes the wiper head, breaking the wiper rod off at the frangible point, and collecting the wiper head.

Example 2 nasal or upper respiratory sampling in equine animals

① after the animal's head is properly secured (possibly requiring sedation), the operator grasps the tail of the product with one hand and places the other end into the nasal cavity;

② pushing the inner shell near the sampling site to make the inner shell extend out of the outer shell until the tail of the inner shell forms a 'snap' structure with the outer shell;

③ supporting the inner shell to the position to be sampled, moving the push-pull rod back and forth, and increasing the contact area between the nylon flocking swab head and the mucous membrane as much as possible;

④ pulling back the push-pull rod to retract the swab head into the inner housing and allow the outer housing, inner housing and sampling swab rod to exit the nasal cavity;

⑤ pulling back the inner case or pushing a push-pull rod toward the head exposes the wiper head, breaking the wiper rod off at the frangible point, and collecting the wiper head.

Claims

1. A large animal protective sampling swab, comprising: the sampling swab is arranged on the inner shell;

the sampling swab comprises a test rod, a test head and a push-pull rod;

the middle part of the sampling swab is sleeved in the inner shell;

2. The protective sampling swab of claim 1 wherein the funnel shaped snap has an end diameter that is greater than an outer diameter of the housing.

3. The protective sampling swab of claim 1 wherein the sampling swab length > inner shell length > outer shell length.

4. The protective sampling swab of claim 1 wherein the swab rod is provided with a break point, the break point being located at 2/3 on the swab rod.

5. The protective sampling swab of claim 1 wherein, upon completion of use, the end of the sampling swab is withdrawn from the end of the inner housing, and the end of the inner housing is withdrawn from the end of the outer housing via a funnel-shaped snap.

6. The protective sampling swab of claim 1 wherein the push-pull rod is a hollow transparent cylinder and the swab rod is inserted into and secured to one end of the push-pull rod.

7. The protective sampling swab of claim 1 wherein the inner shell, the outer shell, and the push-pull rod are comprised of PVC.