CN111493816A - Photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal imaging system and method for kidney transplantation - Google Patents
Photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal imaging system and method for kidney transplantation Download PDFInfo
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
- A61B5/0035—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for acquisition of images from more than one imaging mode, e.g. combining MRI and optical tomography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
- A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0093—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy
- A61B5/0095—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14542—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring blood gases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
- A61B8/0833—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
- A61B8/5238—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image
- A61B8/5261—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image combining images from different diagnostic modalities, e.g. ultrasound and X-ray
Abstract
The invention discloses a photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal imaging system and method for transplanting a kidney, wherein the photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal imaging system comprises: the pulse laser is used for transplanting the kidney to generate a photoacoustic signal; an ultrasonic transducer for receiving a photoacoustic signal and converting it into an electrical signal; the ultrasonic transceiving module is used for transmitting and receiving electric signals; a photoacoustic signal processing unit; a data acquisition unit; and the computer is used for controlling the pulse laser and the ultrasonic transceiver module, carrying out image reconstruction on the digitized photoacoustic signal to obtain a photoacoustic image, and carrying out color coding on the photoacoustic image to realize the imaging of functional information such as the distribution of transplanted kidney microvasculature, the blood oxygen content in blood vessels, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content and the like. The invention not only can realize the structural imaging of the transplanted kidney, but also can provide functional information such as the distribution of the microvasculature of the transplanted kidney, the blood oxygen content in the blood vessel, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content and the like, namely, the simultaneous real-time imaging of the structure and the function of the transplanted kidney is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical measurement, in particular to a photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal imaging system and method for transplanting a kidney.
Background
Kidney transplantation is an effective means for treating patients with end-stage renal disease, complications after kidney transplantation are common, survival of transplanted kidneys is seriously affected, and early transplanted kidney function loss occurs in about 30 percent of transplanted kidneys. Therefore, there is a need to identify and intervene in abnormal transplanted kidney status as early as possible after kidney transplantation.
The needle biopsy is the current gold standard for evaluating the status after renal transplantation, but the examination is invasive, has complications such as bleeding and the like, has large sampling error, and has limited clinical application.
MRI does not provide information such as transplanted kidney blood oxygen content, and is difficult to perform bedside real-time detection, expensive, and long in scanning time.
The common CT can provide structural information of the transplanted kidney, but is difficult to provide functional information of the transplanted kidney; the enhanced CT can reflect the blood flow perfusion condition of transplanted kidney, but the used contrast medium has certain nephrotoxicity and is easy to diffuse to the interstitium, patients with iodine allergy need to be forbidden or cautiously used, and in addition, the CT examination also has radioactivity and is difficult to be applied to the long-term follow-up of transplanted kidney.
Ultrasound (B-ultrasound and Doppler) is non-invasive, convenient and economical, can display the structure of the transplanted kidney and the hemodynamic information, but the examination process is easily influenced by the manipulation and experience of an operator; although ultrasound contrast can display the blood perfusion condition of the kidney in real time, it needs to use ultrasound contrast agent, which is difficult to provide more functional information and relatively expensive.
The photoacoustic imaging has high resolution, can display microvessels, can provide functional information such as blood oxygen content of renal vessels and oxyhemoglobin content, and solves the problems of ionizing radiation, poor resolution, high cost, time and labor waste in examination, small diagnostic information amount and the like of transplanted renal imaging in the prior art. But photoacoustic imaging has poor performance on tissue structure and lacks sufficient positioning accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal imaging system and a photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal imaging method, which can realize structural imaging of a transplanted kidney and provide functional information such as the distribution of micro blood vessels of the transplanted kidney, the blood oxygen content in blood vessels, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a photoacoustic ultrasound dual modality imaging system for transplanting a kidney, comprising: the pulse laser is used for transplanting the kidney to generate a photoacoustic signal;
an ultrasonic transducer for receiving a photoacoustic signal and converting it into an electrical signal;
the ultrasonic transceiving module is used for transmitting and receiving electric signals;
the photoacoustic signal processing unit is used for amplifying and filtering photoacoustic signals;
the data acquisition unit is used for carrying out A/D conversion on the amplified and filtered photoacoustic signals;
and the computer is used for controlling the pulse laser and the ultrasonic transceiver module, carrying out image reconstruction on the digitized photoacoustic signal to obtain a photoacoustic image, and carrying out color coding on the photoacoustic image to realize the imaging of functional information such as the distribution of transplanted kidney microvasculature, the blood oxygen content in blood vessels, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content and the like.
Preferably, the photoacoustic signal processing unit includes an amplifier and a filter.
Preferably, the image reconstruction method comprises a finite element quantitative reconstruction algorithm, a filtered back projection or a delayed superposition reconstruction algorithm.
Preferably, the pulse laser comprises a laser and a fiber bundle which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer is a multi-element array ultrasonic probe, the number of transduction channels of the ultrasonic transducer is 2-2048, and the frequency range of the ultrasonic transducer is 3.0Mhz-10.0 Mhz.
Further, the ultrasonic transducer shape includes a linear array and a phased array.
Furthermore, the wavelength range of the pulse laser emitted by the laser is 500nm-1200nm, the pulse width of the pulse laser emitted by the laser is 10ns-200ns, and the optical fiber bundle is a liquid core optical fiber bundle.
Preferably, the photoacoustic ultrasound bimodal imaging method for transplanting the kidney comprises the following steps:
step S1: setting and initializing parameters of a pulse laser through a computer, and starting a flash lamp of the pulse laser to preheat;
step S2: the ultrasonic transceiver module and the pulse laser are sequentially started to work through the computer, pulse laser is emitted to the transplanted kidney area, and a transplanted kidney ultrasonic image is obtained through the ultrasonic transceiver module and the computer;
step S3: the transplanted kidney tissue in the transplanted kidney area generates a photoacoustic signal after absorbing the pulse laser energy;
step S4: the photoacoustic signal of the transplanted kidney tissue is converted into an electric signal through an ultrasonic transducer, the photoacoustic image of the transplanted kidney tissue is obtained through amplification, filtering, A/D conversion and image reconstruction, and the photoacoustic image of the transplanted kidney tissue after color coding is superposed on the ultrasonic image of the transplanted kidney to obtain a photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal image.
Further, in step S4, the human blood absorption coefficient for a specific wavelength required for calculating the blood oxygen content in the blood vessel and the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,HbR(λi) And
is deoxyhemoglobin HbR and oxyhemoglobin HbO in blood2Molar extinction coefficient at specific wavelength, [ HbR]And [ HbO2]Representing deoxyhemoglobin HbR and oxyhemoglobin HbO in blood2The molar concentration of (c).
Further, in step S4, the calculation formula of the blood oxygen saturation required for calculating the blood oxygen content and the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content in the blood vessel is as follows:
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the photoacoustic ultrasonic dual-mode imaging system and the photoacoustic ultrasonic dual-mode imaging method for the transplanted kidney provided by the invention have the advantages that through the combination of ultrasonic imaging and photoacoustic imaging, the structural imaging of the transplanted kidney can be realized, and functional information such as the distribution of microvessels of the transplanted kidney, the blood oxygen content in blood vessels, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content and the like can be provided, so that the simultaneous real-time imaging of the structure and the function of the transplanted kidney is realized, and the comprehensive evaluation of the state of the transplanted kidney is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A photoacoustic ultrasound dual-modality imaging system for transplant kidney imaging, comprising:
the pulse laser comprises a laser and an optical fiber bundle which are sequentially connected, wherein the optical fiber bundle is a liquid core optical fiber bundle, the wavelength range of pulse laser emitted by the laser is 500-1200 nm, the pulse width of the emitted pulse laser is 10-200 ns, and the pulse laser is used for transplanting kidney to generate photoacoustic signals; the ultrasonic transducer is a multi-element array ultrasonic probe, the shape of the ultrasonic transducer comprises a linear array and a phased array, the number of transduction channels of the ultrasonic transducer is 2-2048, the frequency range of the ultrasonic transducer is 3.0-10.0 Mhz, and the ultrasonic transducer is used for receiving photoacoustic signals and converting the photoacoustic signals into electric signals; the ultrasonic transceiving module is used for transmitting and receiving electric signals; the photoacoustic signal processing unit comprises an amplifier and a filter and is used for amplifying and filtering the photoacoustic signals; the data acquisition unit is used for carrying out A/D conversion on the amplified and filtered photoacoustic signals; and the computer is used for controlling the pulse laser and the ultrasonic transceiver module, carrying out image reconstruction on the digitized photoacoustic signal to obtain a photoacoustic image, and carrying out color coding on the photoacoustic image to realize functional information imaging such as the distribution of transplanted kidney microvasculature, the blood oxygen content in blood vessels, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content and the like, wherein the image reconstruction method comprises a finite element quantitative reconstruction algorithm, a filtering back projection or a delay superposition reconstruction algorithm.
Matched with the system, the photoacoustic ultrasonic bimodal imaging method for transplanted kidney imaging comprises the following steps:
step S1: setting and initializing parameters of a pulse laser through a computer, and starting a flash lamp of the pulse laser to preheat;
step S2: the ultrasonic transceiver module and the pulse laser are sequentially started to work through the computer, pulse laser is emitted to the transplanted kidney area, and a transplanted kidney ultrasonic image is obtained through the ultrasonic transceiver module and the computer;
step S3: the transplanted kidney tissue in the transplanted kidney area generates a photoacoustic signal after absorbing the pulse laser energy;
step S4: the photoacoustic signal of the transplanted kidney tissue is converted into an electric signal through an ultrasonic transducer, the photoacoustic image of the transplanted kidney tissue is obtained through amplification, filtering, A/D conversion and image reconstruction, and the photoacoustic image of the transplanted kidney tissue after color coding is superposed on the ultrasonic image of the transplanted kidney to obtain a photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal image.
In step S4, the in vivo blood absorption coefficient for a specific wavelength required to calculate the intravascular blood oxygen content, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,HbR(λi) And
is deoxyhemoglobin HbR and oxyhemoglobin HbO in blood2Molar extinction coefficient at specific wavelength, [ HbR]And [ HbO2]Representing deoxyhemoglobin HbR and oxyhemoglobin HbO in blood2The molar concentration of (c).
The calculation formula of the blood oxygen saturation required for calculating the blood oxygen content and the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content in the blood vessel is as follows:
in the photoacoustic imaging process, the initial sound pressure intensity P0 and the light absorption coefficient muaThe relationship between the optical energy density Φ and the greennison coefficient is:
P0＝μaΦ
wherein the light absorption coefficient muaWavelength dependent, changes with wavelength variations; the light energy density phi and the Green Nissen coefficient do not change with the wavelength, so that two wavelengths can be used for excitation to generate photoacoustic signals to obtain more than one [ HbR []And [ HbO2]Is a binary quadratic system of variables, and can be further solved to obtain [ HbR]And [ HbO2]And SO2. The blood oxygen content and the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content in the blood vessel can be calculated by utilizing the photoacoustic imaging.
The present invention is capable of other embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photoacoustic ultrasound dual modality imaging system for transplanting a kidney, comprising:
the pulse laser is used for transplanting the kidney to generate a photoacoustic signal;
an ultrasonic transducer for receiving a photoacoustic signal and converting it into an electrical signal;
the ultrasonic transceiving module is used for transmitting and receiving electric signals;
the photoacoustic signal processing unit is used for amplifying and filtering photoacoustic signals;
the data acquisition unit is used for carrying out A/D conversion on the amplified and filtered photoacoustic signals;
and the computer is used for controlling the pulse laser and the ultrasonic transceiver module, carrying out image reconstruction on the digitized photoacoustic signal to obtain a photoacoustic image, and carrying out color coding on the photoacoustic image to realize the imaging of functional information such as the distribution of transplanted kidney microvasculature, the blood oxygen content in blood vessels, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content and the like.
2. The photoacoustic ultrasound dual-modality imaging system for renal transplantation of claim 1, wherein: the photoacoustic signal processing unit includes an amplifier and a filter.
3. The photoacoustic ultrasound dual-modality imaging system for renal transplantation of claim 1, wherein: the image reconstruction method comprises a finite element quantitative reconstruction algorithm, a filtering back projection or delay superposition reconstruction algorithm.
4. The photoacoustic ultrasound dual-modality imaging system for renal transplantation of claim 1, wherein: the pulse laser comprises a laser and an optical fiber bundle which are connected in sequence.
5. The photoacoustic ultrasound dual-modality imaging system for renal transplantation of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transducer is a multi-element array ultrasonic probe, the number of transduction channels of the ultrasonic transducer is 2-2048, and the frequency range of the ultrasonic transducer is 3.0Mhz-10.0 Mhz.
6. The photoacoustic ultrasound dual-modality imaging system for renal transplantation of claim 5, wherein: the ultrasound transducer shape includes a linear array and a phased array.
7. The photoacoustic ultrasound dual-modality imaging system for renal transplantation of claim 4, wherein: the wavelength range of the pulse laser emitted by the laser is 500nm-1200nm, the pulse width of the pulse laser emitted by the laser is 10ns-200ns, and the optical fiber bundle is a liquid core optical fiber bundle.
8. A photoacoustic ultrasound bimodal imaging method for transplanted kidney, for use in a photoacoustic ultrasound bimodal imaging system for transplanted kidney according to claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
step S1: setting and initializing parameters of a pulse laser through a computer, and starting a flash lamp of the pulse laser to preheat;
step S2: the ultrasonic transceiver module and the pulse laser are sequentially started to work through the computer, pulse laser is emitted to the transplanted kidney area, and a transplanted kidney ultrasonic image is obtained through the ultrasonic transceiver module and the computer;
step S3: the transplanted kidney tissue in the transplanted kidney area generates a photoacoustic signal after absorbing the pulse laser energy;
step S4: the photoacoustic signal of the transplanted kidney tissue is converted into an electric signal through an ultrasonic transducer, the photoacoustic image of the transplanted kidney tissue is obtained through amplification, filtering, A/D conversion and image reconstruction, and the photoacoustic image of the transplanted kidney tissue after color coding is superposed on the ultrasonic image of the transplanted kidney to obtain a photoacoustic and ultrasonic bimodal image.
9. The photoacoustic ultrasound bimodal imaging method for renal transplantation as set forth in claim 8, wherein: in step S4, the in vivo blood absorption coefficient for a specific wavelength required to calculate the intravascular blood oxygen content, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,HbR(λi) And
is deoxyhemoglobin HbR and oxyhemoglobin HbO in blood2Molar extinction coefficient at specific wavelength, [ HbR]And [ HbO2]Representing deoxyhemoglobin HbR and oxyhemoglobin HbO in blood2The molar concentration of (c).
10. The photoacoustic ultrasound bimodal imaging method for renal transplantation as set forth in claim 9, wherein: in step S4, the calculation formula of the blood oxygen saturation required for calculating the blood oxygen content in the blood vessel, the oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin content is:
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