CN111465165A - Self-shielded cyclotron system - Google Patents

Self-shielded cyclotron system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111465165A
CN111465165A CN201910057247.XA CN201910057247A CN111465165A CN 111465165 A CN111465165 A CN 111465165A CN 201910057247 A CN201910057247 A CN 201910057247A CN 111465165 A CN111465165 A CN 111465165A
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target
unit
self
cyclotron
dissolving
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谷口爱实
村上喜信
小田敬
上野悟史
F·圭拉
山口雄贵
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Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
    • H05H13/005—Cyclotrons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/037—Emission tomography
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00

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Abstract

The invention provides a self-shielding cyclotron system which can further improve the safety of radiation when obtaining radioactive isotopes. A transport unit (22) transports the target (10) from a target holding unit (20) that irradiates the target (10) with the charged particle beam (B) to a dissolution unit (21) that collects the radioisotope. Here, the target holding section (20), the dissolving section (21), and the transporting section (22) are disposed in the self-shielding body (4). Accordingly, the step of irradiating the target (10) with the charged particle beam (B), the step of recovering the charged particle beam by dissolving the radioisotope, and the step of transporting the target between the two steps are all performed within the self-shielding body (4). Thus, in each step, radiation emitted from the target (10) after irradiation with the charged particle beam is blocked by the self-shielding body.

Description

Self-shielded cyclotron system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-shielded cyclotron system.
Background
As shown in patent document 1, there is known a self-shielded cyclotron system having a self-shield body that accommodates a cyclotron inside and suppresses radiation emitted from the cyclotron from being emitted to the outside. In recent years, an apparatus has been developed which obtains a solid Radioisotope (RI) by irradiating a target having a metal layer with a charged particle beam. Such a radioisotope is used for manufacturing a radiopharmaceutical used for PET examination (positron emission tomography) and the like in hospitals and the like. For example, in patent document 2, a target to which a solid radioisotope is attached is transported to a dissolution apparatus, and the radioisotope is dissolved in the dissolution apparatus, thereby recovering RI.
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2000-105293
Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open No. 2014-115229
Here, the target is activated after the charged particle beam irradiation. Therefore, there is a demand for further improvement in the safety against radiation when the target is taken out from the irradiation apparatus and attached to the dissolution apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-shielded cyclotron system that can further improve the safety of radiation when obtaining radioisotopes.
The self-shielded cyclotron system according to the present invention includes: a cyclotron that emits a charged particle beam; and a self-shielding body which is disposed in the building, accommodates the cyclotron therein, and suppresses radiation emitted from the cyclotron from being emitted to the outside, the self-shielding cyclotron system comprising: a target holding unit for holding a target having a metal layer at an irradiation position of the charged particle beam; a dissolving part for dissolving the metal layer containing the radioactive isotope in the target; and a transport unit that transports the target from the target holding unit to the dissolving unit, wherein the target holding unit, the dissolving unit, and the transport unit are disposed in the self-shielding body.
In the self-shielded cyclotron system according to the present invention, the target holding unit holds a target having a metal layer at an irradiation position of the charged particle beam. Thus, the charged particle beam is irradiated onto the target held by the target holding portion. Thereby, a radioisotope is formed in the metal layer of the target at a portion to be irradiated with the charged particle beam. The dissolving section dissolves the metal layer containing the radioisotope in the target. This enables the radioactive isotope to be recovered by recovering the solution. The transport unit transports the target from a target holding unit that irradiates the target with a charged particle beam to a dissolution unit that collects the radioisotope. Here, the target holding portion, the dissolving portion, and the transporting portion are disposed in the self-shielding body. Accordingly, the step of irradiating the target with the charged particle beam, the step of collecting the radioisotope by dissolution, and the step of transporting the target between the two steps are all performed in the self-shielding body. Accordingly, in each step, the radiation emitted from the target irradiated with the charged particle beam is blocked by the self-shielding body. As described above, the safety against radiation when obtaining a radioisotope can be further improved.
The self-shielded cyclotron system further includes a control unit that controls the transport unit so that the target held by the target holding unit is transported to the dissolving unit after the charged particle beam is irradiated to the metal layer. Thus, the control unit automatically carries out the target conveyance by the conveyance unit. This can further suppress radiation to the operator. Further, the control unit automatically carries out the target conveyance, thereby shortening the operation time.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a self-shielded cyclotron system that can further improve the safety against radiation when obtaining a radioisotope.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a self-shielded cyclotron system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a target.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a radioisotope production unit.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing content of the control unit.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view showing the operation of the radioisotope production unit.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view showing the operation of the radioisotope production unit.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view showing the operation of the radioisotope production unit.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view showing the operation of the radioisotope production unit.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view showing the operation of the radioisotope production unit.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view showing a self-shielded cyclotron system according to a modification.
Description of the symbols
2-cyclotron, 4-self-shield, 10-target, 11-metal layer, 20-target holding part, 21-dissolving part, 22-conveying part, 50-control part, 70-containing part, 71-exhaust part, 100-self-shielded cyclotron system.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-shielded cyclotron system 100 is a system provided inside a building 150. The self-shielded cyclotron system 100 according to the present embodiment is a system that produces radioisotopes (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as RI) using a charged particle beam. The self-shielded cyclotron system 100 can be used as, for example, a cyclotron for PET, and RI produced in this system is used for, for example, production of radiopharmaceuticals (including radiopharmaceuticals) that are radioisotope-labeled compounds (RI compounds). Examples of the radioisotope-labeled compound used in PET examination (positron emission tomography examination) in hospitals and the like include18F-F L T (fluorothymidine),18F-FMISO (fluorothiazole) and11C-Raclepride and the like.
The self-shielded cyclotron system 100 includes a cyclotron 2, a radioisotope production unit 3, and a self-shield 4. The self-shielded cyclotron system 100 is disposed on the ground 151 of a building 150 in a cyclotron room 152 inside the building. The cyclotron room 152 is a room covered with concrete (a shield wall). Thus, the user can obtain radioisotopes on-site within the building using the self-shielded cyclotron system 100.
The cyclotron 2 is an accelerator that emits a charged particle beam. The cyclotron 2 is a vertically-disposed circular accelerator that supplies charged particles from an ion source into an acceleration space, accelerates the charged particles in the acceleration space, and outputs a charged particle beam. The cyclotron 2 has a pair of magnetic poles, a vacuum box, and an annular yoke surrounding the pair of magnetic poles and the vacuum box. In the vacuum box, main surfaces of a part of the pair of magnetic poles face each other with a predetermined gap. In the gap between the pair of magnetic poles, the charged particles are multiply accelerated. Examples of the charged particles include protons and heavy particles (heavy ions). In the present embodiment, the cyclotron 2 includes a plurality of ports 2a that emit charged particle beams. A target holding portion 20 described later is formed in one of the ports 2 a. The cyclotron 2 adjusts the trajectory of the charged particle beam in the acceleration space, and takes out the charged particle beam from a desired port 2 a.
The self-shielding body 4 is disposed in the building, accommodates the cyclotron 2 inside, and suppresses the release of radiation released from the cyclotron 2 into the cyclotron room 152. The self-shielding body 4 can shield radiation in all directions by covering the cyclotron 2 in all directions. In the present embodiment, the self-shield 4 has a box-shaped structure of a hexahedron, but the shape is not particularly limited. The self-shielding 4 isolates the interior space (cyclotron room 152) of the building 150 from the interior space 120 of the self-shielding cyclotron system 100. The internal space of the building 150 may be configured to be a space through which other devices, workers, and the like can pass. Therefore, unlike the self-shielded cyclotron system 100 of the present embodiment, a system in which only the cyclotron 2 is disposed in a room of a building is different from the self-shielded cyclotron system 100, and the walls constituting the periphery of the room of the building do not correspond to the self-shield 4. The wall of the self-shielding body 4 is made of a material such as polyethylene, iron, lead, or heavy concrete. In addition to the cyclotron 2, a vacuum pump, wiring, and the like for operating the cyclotron 2 are disposed in the self-shielded body 4. Further, the constituent elements of the radioisotope production unit 3 are also arranged in the self-shielding body 4.
The radioisotope production unit 3 is a part that irradiates the target 10 with a charged particle beam, dissolves and collects the radioisotope generated by the irradiation. The radioisotope production unit 3 is formed near the outer periphery of the cyclotron 2 and is disposed in the self-shield 4. The solution containing the radioisotope obtained by the radioisotope producing unit 3 is transferred to an apparatus 160 such as a purification apparatus for purifying the radioisotope in the solution or a synthesis apparatus for synthesizing a chemical, via a transfer pipe 161.
Referring to fig. 2, a target 10 is illustrated. The target 10 includes a target substrate 13 and a metal layer 11. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the target 10 has a metal layer 11 as a target material formed on a target substrate 13 made of a metal plate. The metal layer 11 is not limited to a high-purity metal layer, and may be a metal oxide layer. The target substrate 13 is set in the apparatus, and the charged particle beam B is irradiated to the metal layer 11, whereby a trace amount of the radioisotope 12 is generated in the irradiated portion. Thus, the metal layer 11 contains the radioisotope 12. As the material of the target substrate 13, a material insoluble in the dissolving solution, for example, Au, Pt, or the like is used. The target substrate 13 shown in fig. 2 is formed in a disk shape, but the shape and thickness are not particularly limited. Examples of the material of the target material, i.e., the metal layer 11, include64Ni、89Y、100Mo、68Zn, and the like. The radioisotope 12 generated in correspondence with the metal layer 11 is exemplified by64Cu、89Zr、99mTc、68Ga and the like. The metal layer 11 is formed by applying plating treatment to the surface 10a of the target substrate 13. Further, the plate-like metal layer may be attached to the target substrate 13 without being limited to the plating treatment. The metal layer 11 shown in fig. 2 is formed in a circular shape at the center of the target substrate 13, but the shape and position are not particularly limited. When the metal layer 11 is irradiated with the charged particle beam B, cooling water or the like is supplied to the rear surface 10B of the target substrate 13. This allows the cooling water or the like to absorb heat generated in the metal layer 11 (and the target substrate 13) by the irradiation of the charged particle beam B.
Next, the structure of the radioisotope production unit 3 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3. The radioisotope manufacturing unit 3 includes a target holding unit 20, a dissolving unit 21, a transport unit 22, and a control unit 50.
The target holding unit 20 holds the target 10 having the metal layer 11 at the irradiation position of the charged particle beam B. After the irradiation of the target 10 with the charged particle beam B is completed, the target holding portion 20 releases the holding of the target 10. Specifically, the target holding portion 20 includes a fixed unit 23 and a movable unit 24. The target holding portion 20 holds the target 10 at the irradiation position RP by sandwiching the target 10 between the fixed unit 23 and the movable unit 24. The fixed unit 23 and the movable unit 24 are both housed in the self-shielded body 4.
The fixing means 23 is a cylindrical member fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the cyclotron 2, the fixing means 23 is provided in a state of extending along an irradiation axis B L of the charged particle beam B emitted from the cyclotron 2 and in a state of protruding from the outer periphery of the cyclotron 2, the fixing means 23 includes an internal space 26 for passing the charged particle beam B at a position corresponding to an irradiation axis B L of the charged particle beam B, the internal space 26 is formed so as to extend along the irradiation axis B L with the irradiation axis B L as a center line, and the fixing means 23 and the internal space 26 are arranged so as to be inclined downward with respect to the horizontal direction.
The fixed unit 23 has a surface extending in the horizontal direction as an opposing surface 23a opposing the upper surface of the movable unit 24 on the lower end side, the fixed unit 23 holds the target 10 at the position of the opposing surface 23a, a seal member such as an O-ring is provided on the opposing surface 23a, the opposing surface 23a also functions as a seal surface for the target 10 by abutting against the target 10 via the seal member, and in the present embodiment, a portion of the opposing surface 23a where the internal space 26 is open (and the position of the irradiation axis B L therein) corresponds to the irradiation position RP., so that when the target holding portion 20 holds the target 10, the metal layer 11 in the target 10 is held so as to be disposed in the opening of the internal space 26.
The fixing unit 23 includes a vacuum foil 25 at a middle position of the internal space 26. The vacuum foil 25 keeps a region of the internal space 26 on the upstream side of the vacuum foil 25 in vacuum.
The fixing unit 23 has a charged particle beam B disposed at the irradiation position and a flow path 27 for blowing a gas such as helium to the vacuum foil 25. The flow path 27 includes a main flow path 27a and branch flow paths 27b and 27c branched from the main flow path 27 a. The branch flow path 27b extends toward the vacuum foil 25, and blows gas toward the vacuum foil 25. The branch flow path 27c extends to the irradiation position RP of the target 10, and blows gas to the held target 10.
The movable unit 24 advances and retreats in the vertical direction with respect to the fixed unit 23. When the target 10 is set on the transport tray 60, the movable unit 24 is disposed at a position spaced downward from the fixed unit 23. When the target 10 is held at the irradiation position RP, the movable unit 24 is disposed at a position where the target 10 is sandwiched between the fixed unit 23 and the movable unit 24 (see fig. 5).
The movable unit 24 has a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction. The movable unit 24 is connected to a drive mechanism 28 that moves in the vertical direction at a part of the outer peripheral surface. A small diameter portion 29 protruding upward is formed at the upper end of the movable unit 24. The diameter of the small diameter portion 29 is smaller than at least the diameter of the inner peripheral portion of the transport tray 60 described later. Thereby, the small diameter portion 29 passes through the through hole on the inner peripheral side of the transport tray 60, abuts against the target 10, and presses the target 10 against the upper fixing unit 23.
The movable unit 24 has a horizontally extending surface on the upper end side of the small diameter portion 29 as an opposing surface 24a opposing the opposing surface 23a of the fixed unit 23. A sealing member such as an O-ring is provided on the facing surface 24 a. The facing surface 24a also functions as a sealing surface for the target 10 by coming into contact with the target 10 via a sealing member. When the target holding portion 20 holds the target 10, the facing surface 23a and the facing surface 24a sandwich the target 10 (refer to fig. 5).
The movable unit 24 has an internal space 31 opened in the facing surface 24 a. The internal space 31 is a space for storing a cooling medium for cooling the target 10. A supply pipe 32 for supplying the cooling medium and a discharge pipe 33 for discharging the cooling medium are connected to the internal space 31.
The dissolving section 21 dissolves the metal layer 11 containing the radioisotope in the target 10. The dissolving section 21 includes a fixed unit 40 and a movable unit 41. The dissolving section 21 holds the target 10 by sandwiching it between the fixed unit 40 and the movable unit 41. The dissolving section 21 supplies a dissolving solution to at least the metal layer 11 in a state where the target 10 is held, dissolves the metal of the metal layer 11 containing the radioisotope in the dissolving solution, and recovers the dissolving solution together with the radioisotope. As the solution, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, or the like can be used. The fixed unit 40 and the movable unit 41 are housed in the self-shielded body 4.
The fixing means 40 is disposed at a position spaced apart from the fixing means 23 of the target holding portion 20 toward the opposite side of the cyclotron 2. The fixing unit 40 includes a cylindrical body portion 48 extending in the vertical direction and a support portion 49 supporting the body portion 48 on the outer peripheral side. The body 48 has a surface extending in the horizontal direction as the facing surface 40a facing the movable unit 41 on the lower end side. The target 10 is held in position on the opposed surface 40 a. A sealing member such as an O-ring is provided on the facing surface 40 a. The facing surface 40a also functions as a sealing surface for the target 10 by coming into contact with the target 10 via a sealing member. The target 10 is held in position on the opposed surface 40 a.
The body portion 48 has an internal space 42 opened in the facing surface 40 a. The internal space 42 is a dissolution tank for storing a dissolution solution for dissolving the metal layer 11 of the target 10. A supply pipe 43 for supplying the solution and a suction pipe 44 for sucking the solution and the gas sucked into the internal space 42 are connected to the internal space 42. The diameter of the internal space 42 opened in the facing surface 40a is smaller than the diameter of the target 10 and larger than the diameter of the metal layer 11. The diameter of the facing surface 40a itself is not particularly limited, but is smaller than the diameter of the target 10 in the present embodiment.
The support portion 49 is a cylindrical member having an end wall spreading radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 48. The support portion 49 has a through hole 49a at the center for inserting the body portion 48. A flange portion is formed near the upper end of the body portion 48. The flange portion engages with an upper edge portion of the through hole 49a of the main body portion 48.
The movable unit 41 advances and retreats in the vertical direction with respect to the fixed unit 40. When the target 10 is attached to the fixed unit 40, the movable unit 41 is disposed at a position spaced downward from the fixed unit 40. When the metal layer 11 of the target 10 is dissolved in the dissolving section 21, the movable unit 41 is disposed at a position where the target 10 is sandwiched between the fixed unit 40 and the movable unit 41 (see fig. 9).
The movable unit 41 includes a main body 46 and a catch 47 provided on the upper end side of the main body 46. The body portion 46 has a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction. The main body 46 is connected to a driving mechanism (not shown) that moves in the vertical direction at a part of the outer peripheral surface. A groove structure for supporting the tray portion 47 is formed at the upper end of the body portion 46.
The tray portion 47 includes a bottom wall portion 47a extending horizontally at the upper end of the body portion 46, and a side wall portion 47b rising upward from the outer peripheral edge of the bottom wall portion 47 a. The bottom wall 47a has a surface extending in the horizontal direction as the facing surface 41a facing the facing surface 40a of the fixing unit 40. The facing surface 41a abuts on the target 10. When the dissolving section 21 holds the target 10, the facing surface 40a and the facing surface 41a sandwich the target 10 (refer to fig. 9). The inner diameter of the side wall portion 47b is larger than the diameter of the target 10. When the target 10 is held, the upper end of the side wall portion 47b is arranged at a position higher than the target 10. Therefore, when the dissolving solution leaks from the internal space 42 when the metal layer 11 of the target 10 is dissolved, the receiving portion 47 receives the dissolving solution. The bottom wall 47a has a concave-convex structure on the lower surface side thereof for fitting into the groove structure of the body 46.
In the dissolving section 21, the main body portion 48 and the receiving portion 47 that come into contact with the dissolving liquid are constituted as replaceable disposable members. That is, the main body 48 is detachably attached to the support portion 49. The tray 47 is detachably attached to the main body 46. Here, "detachable" means an attachment method in which an operator can easily detach the attachment tool by a normal maintenance operation even if the attachment tool is attached once. For example, the detachable attachment structure includes a structure in which attachment is performed by bolt joining, a structure in which attachment is performed by fitting or engaging with a strength enough not to be detached during dissolution, and the like. For example, a fixing structure such as welding or welding is not suitable for a detachable manner. As the material of the replaceable body portion 48 and the receiving portion 47, for example, a material having high acid resistance such as Teflon (registered trademark) can be used.
The transport unit 22 transports the target 10 from the target holding unit 20 to the dissolving unit 21. The conveyance unit 22 is disposed in the self-shield 4. The conveying unit 22 includes a conveying tray 60 that conveys the target 10 in a state where the target is placed, and a conveying drive unit 61 that drives the conveying tray 60. The transfer tray 60 is an annular member having a supporting portion for supporting the target 10 on the upper surface side. The transport tray 60 has a groove portion formed over the entire circumference at the inner circumferential edge portion of the upper surface, and the outer circumferential edge of the lower surface side of the target 10 is placed on the groove portion. The conveyance drive section 61 is configured by a combination of a drive source and a drive force transmission mechanism, not shown. The transport driving unit 61 moves the transport tray 60 from the position of the target holding unit 20 to the horizontal direction to transport the target 10 irradiated with the charged particle beam to the position of the dissolving unit 21 at least when transporting the target to the dissolving unit 21. The transport driving section 61 transports the transport tray 60 from the region between the fixed unit 23 and the movable unit 24 of the target holding section 20 to the region between the fixed unit 40 and the movable unit 41 of the dissolving section 21. The conveyance driving unit 61 may be configured by using a known driving source such as a rotary motor and a linear motor, and a driving force transmission mechanism such as a gear and a lever. The conveyance driving unit 61 may have any configuration as long as it can avoid interference with other members and can perform a desired operation. The position of the transport tray 60 in each stage will be described in detail when the operation to be described later is described.
The control section 50 controls the self-shielded cyclotron system 100. The control unit 50 includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, an input/output interface, and the like. The control unit 50 specifies the control content based on the detection signals from the sensors in the device and the program stored in the ROM, and controls the components in the self-shielded cyclotron system 100. The control unit 50 may not be constituted by one processing device, but may be constituted by a plurality of processing devices. The control unit 50 may be disposed inside the self-shield 4 or outside the self-shield 4.
The control unit 50 includes an irradiation control unit 51, a holding control unit 52, a dissolution control unit 53, and a transport control unit 54. The irradiation control unit 51 mainly controls the cyclotron 2 and controls the operation related to the irradiation of the charged particle beam B by the cyclotron 2. The holding control unit 52 mainly controls the target holding unit 20, and controls operations related to the holding of the target 10 by the target holding unit 20. The dissolution controller 53 mainly controls the dissolution unit 21 and controls the operation of dissolving the metal layer 11 of the target 10. The conveyance controller 54 mainly controls the conveyance unit 22 and controls operations related to the conveyance of the target 10. The transport control unit 54 controls the transport unit 22 to transport the target 10 held by the target holding unit 20 to the dissolving unit 21 after the charged particle beam B is irradiated to the metal layer 11.
Next, the operation of the self-shielded cyclotron system 100 will be described with reference to fig. 3 to 9, together with the contents of the control process performed by the control unit 50. Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing the control processing content of the control unit 50. Fig. 4 to 9 are diagrams showing the state of the radioisotope production unit 3 at each stage during operation. For convenience of explanation, the control unit 50 and the conveyance driving unit 61 are not shown in fig. 4 to 9. Note that, symbols not used in the description may be omitted as appropriate.
As shown in fig. 4, the control unit 50 performs a process for installing the target 10 in the radioisotope manufacturing unit 3 (step S10). In the process of S10, the control unit 50 places the target holding unit 20, the dissolving unit 21, and the transport unit 22 at the initial positions. The control unit 50 drives the driving units of the respective components to bring the radioisotope production unit 3 into the state shown in fig. 3. In this state, the movable unit 24 is disposed at a position spaced downward from the fixed unit 23. The movable unit 41 is disposed at a position spaced downward from the fixed unit 40. The conveyance tray 60 is disposed at a position spaced downward from the fixing unit 23 and at a reference height position. Here, the "reference height" means a predetermined height position between the fixed unit 23 and the movable unit 24 and between the fixed unit 40 and the movable unit 41 in the height direction. At this height position, even if the conveyance tray 60 moves in the horizontal direction, it does not interfere with the units 23, 24, 40, and 41. The control unit 50 may notify the operator of the fact that the target 10 can be installed by a monitor or the like. When detecting that the operator has placed the target 10 on the conveyance tray 60, the control unit 50 recognizes that the installation of the target 10 is completed. The control unit 50 can detect that the target 10 is completely set based on the detection of the sensor or the input of the operator.
Subsequently, the control unit 50 performs a process of holding the target 10 at the irradiation position RP of the charged particle beam B (step S20: FIG. 4). In S20, the holding control unit 52 of the control unit 50 controls the drive mechanism 28 of the movable unit 24 to move the movable unit 24 upward. As a result, as shown in fig. 5, the target 10 is sandwiched between the fixed unit 23 and the movable unit 24 at the irradiation position RP. In addition, during the upward movement of the movable unit 24, the target 10 placed on the transport tray 60 is supported by the movable unit 24 passing through the through hole of the transport tray 60 from below. At this time, the conveyance tray 60 can be raised in a state of being supported by the movable unit 24. Alternatively, the conveyance tray 60 may be driven to ascend together with the movable unit 24.
Subsequently, the control unit 50 performs a process of irradiating the target 10 with the charged particle beam B (step S30: FIG. 4). In S30, the irradiation control unit 51 of the control unit 50 controls the cyclotron 2 to irradiate the target 10 with the charged particle beam B. At this time, the holding control unit 52 controls the channel system so that helium gas or the like is blown from the channel 27 of the fixing unit 23 to the target 10 and the vacuum foil 25. The holding controller 52 controls the piping system of the supply pipe 32 and the discharge pipe 33 so that the cooling medium flows into the internal space 31 to cool the target 10.
When the process at S30 ends, the holding control unit 52 of the control unit 50 controls the drive mechanism 28 of the movable unit 24 to move the movable unit 24 downward. Thereby, as shown in fig. 6, the movable unit 24 returns to the position of the initial state. The transport tray 60 is also returned to the reference height position in a state where the target 10 is placed.
Subsequently, the control unit 50 performs a process of transporting the target 10 from the target holding unit 20 to the dissolving unit 21 (step S40: FIG. 4). In S40, the conveyance controller 54 of the controller 50 controls the conveyance driver 61 (see fig. 3) of the conveyor 22 to move the conveyance tray 60 horizontally from the target holder 20 to the position of the dissolution part 21. As a result, as shown in fig. 7, the conveyance tray 60 is disposed between the fixed unit 40 and the movable unit 41 while maintaining the position of the reference height in the height direction. Thus, the target 10 is disposed at a position facing the facing surface 40a of the internal space 42 at the lower side.
Subsequently, the control unit 50 performs a process of setting the target 10 in the dissolution unit 21 (step S50: FIG. 4). In S50, as shown in fig. 8, the dissolution controller 53 of the controller 50 controls the piping system of the suction pipe 44, and causes the target 10 to be sucked onto the facing surface 40a via the internal space 42. Before the target 10 is sucked, the target 10 is pressed against the facing surface 40a of the main body 48 by the ascending of the conveyance tray 60. Thereby, the internal space is sealed in a state where an O-ring (not shown) provided between the target 10 and the body portion 48 is crushed. Thereafter, the conveyance controller 54 controls the conveyance driver 61 (see fig. 3) to move the conveyance tray 60 to the position of the target holder 20. This prevents the conveyance tray 60 from interfering with the movable unit 41.
In S50, the dissolution controller 53 controls the driving unit of the movable unit 41 to move the movable unit 41 upward. As a result, as shown in fig. 9, the target 10 is sandwiched between the facing surface 40a of the fixed unit 40 and the facing surface 41a of the movable unit 41. At this time, the target 10 is accommodated in the receiving portion 47 and is pressed against the main body portion 48 from above.
Next, the controller 50 performs a process of dissolving the metal layer 11 of the target 10 in the dissolving section 21 to recover the radioisotope contained in the metal layer 11 (step S60: fig. 4). in S60, the dissolution controller 53 of the controller 50 controls the piping system of the supply pipe 43 to supply the dissolution liquid S L from the supply pipe 43 to the internal space 42. the dissolution controller 53 controls the piping system of the suction pipe 44 to suck and recover the radioisotope-dissolved dissolution liquid S L with the suction pipe 44. as described above, the control process shown in fig. 4 is completed, and after the recovery of the radioisotope is completed, the operator detaches the target 10 together with the body section 48 and the receiving tray section 47 and removes the same to the outside of the shield 4.
As shown in fig. 1, the solution S L in which the radioisotope is dissolved is discharged from the outside of the shield 4 and sent to a purification apparatus for purifying the radioisotope in the solution S L, or a synthesis apparatus for synthesizing the chemical, or the like 160, the purification apparatus or the synthesis apparatus may be disposed in the same building 150, or may be disposed in another building (facility), and when the solution S L is sent to the synthesis apparatus in the same building 150, the solution S L is sent to the synthesis apparatus or the like through a delivery pipe 161 connected to the suction pipe 44, the delivery pipe 161 is covered with a shield due to the radiation released from the solution S L, or passes through a shield wall (floor or wall) of the building 150, and when the solution S L is sent to another building, the recovered solution S L is stored in a shield box (a box for suppressing the radiation released to the outside, such as a lead box), and is sent together with the shield box by an automobile or the like.
Next, the operation and effect of the self-shielded cyclotron system 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.
In the self-shielded cyclotron system 100 according to the present embodiment, the target holding unit 20 holds the target having the metal layer 11 at the irradiation position RP of the charged particle beam B. Thereby, the charged particle beam B is irradiated to the target 10 held by the target holding portion 20. In this way, the radioisotope 12 is formed in the metal layer 11 of the target 10 at the portion irradiated with the charged particle beam B. The dissolving section 21 dissolves the metal layer 11 containing the radioisotope in the target 10. This enables the radioactive isotope to be recovered by recovering the solution. The transport unit 22 transports the target 10 from the target holding unit 20, which irradiates the target 10 with the charged particle beam B, to the dissolution unit 21, which collects the radioisotope. Here, the target holding portion 20, the dissolving portion 21, and the transporting portion 22 are disposed in the self-shielding body 4. Accordingly, the step of irradiating the target 10 with the charged particle beam B, the step of recovering the charged particle beam B by dissolving the radioisotope, and the step of transporting the target between the two steps are all performed in the self-shielding body 4. Accordingly, in each step, the radiation emitted from the target 10 after the charged particle beam irradiation is blocked by the self-shielding body. As described above, the safety against radiation when obtaining a radioisotope can be further improved.
The self-shielded cyclotron system 100 further includes a control unit 50, and the control unit 50 can control the transport unit 22 so that the target 10 held by the target holding unit 20 is transported to the dissolving unit 21 after the charged particle beam B is irradiated to the metal layer 11. Thus, the target 10 is automatically conveyed by the controller 50 through the conveyor 22. This can further improve the safety against radiation. Further, the control unit 50 automatically transports the target 10, thereby shortening the operation time.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made as described below without departing from the scope of the present invention.
For example, a structure as shown in fig. 10 may be employed. The self-shielded cyclotron system shown in fig. 10 may include: a housing part 70 covering the dissolution part 21 in the self-shielding body 4; and an exhaust unit 71 for exhausting the gas in the housing unit 70 to the outside of the shield 4. The accommodating portion 70 does not cover the target holding portion 20, but covers only the dissolving portion 21. In the housing portion 70, an opening portion 70a may be formed at a portion through which the conveyance tray passes. The opening 70a may be closed when the transport tray does not pass through. The exhaust portion 71 may have an exhaust pipe that passes through the self-shield 4 from the housing portion 70 and communicates with the outside of the self-shield 4. The exhaust unit 71 may include a pump or the like provided in the exhaust pipe.
Thus, when the solution in the dissolving section 21 is vaporized, the gas can be prevented from diffusing into the self-shielding body 4 by the housing section 70. The gas in the housing portion 70 is discharged from the outside of the shield 4 through the exhaust portion 71. This can suppress corrosion of other devices in the self-shielding body 4 by gas.
The structure of the radioisotope production unit shown in each drawing of the above embodiment is merely an example, and the shape and arrangement may be appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention. For example, the transport unit may be an arm-shaped gripping unit that grips the target instead of the transport tray.
Further, the target is automatically conveyed by the conveying section by the control section. Instead, the driving itself by the conveying unit may be performed by a manual operation of the operator. In this case, since the target is accommodated in the self-shielding body, the safety against radiation can be further improved.

Claims (3)

1. A self-shielded cyclotron system comprising:
a cyclotron that emits a charged particle beam; and
a self-shielding body which is disposed in a building, accommodates the cyclotron therein, and suppresses radiation released from the cyclotron from being released to the outside,
the self-shielded cyclotron system is provided with:
a target holding unit configured to hold a target having a metal layer at an irradiation position of the charged particle beam;
a dissolving section for dissolving the metal layer containing a radioisotope in the target; and
a transport unit that transports the target from the target holding unit to the dissolving unit,
the target holding portion, the dissolving portion, and the transporting portion are disposed in the self-shielding body.
2. The self-shielded cyclotron system of claim 1, further comprising a control portion,
the control unit controls the transport unit to transport the target held by the target holding unit to the dissolving unit after the charged particle beam is irradiated to the metal layer.
3. The self-shielded cyclotron system of claim 1 or 2, comprising:
a housing part covering the dissolving part in the self-shielding body; and
and an exhaust unit configured to exhaust the gas in the housing unit to the outside of the self-shielded body.
CN201910057247.XA 2019-01-22 2019-01-22 Self-shielded cyclotron system Pending CN111465165A (en)

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