CN111464260B

CN111464260B - Signal transmitting and receiving method and device

Info

Publication number: CN111464260B
Application number: CN201910054822.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曲秉玉; 龚名新; 周永行
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-21
Filing date: 2019-01-21
Publication date: 2023-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-21
Also published as: CN111464260A; WO2020151505A1

Abstract

A signal transmitting and receiving method and device are used for improving the performance of channel coding. According to the method and the device, channel coding can be carried out on the first code word to obtain the second code word, in the process of obtaining 2/N elements and the remaining 2/N elements of the second code word, a first coding mode and a second coding mode are respectively used, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and the performance of channel coding can be improved by adopting the nonlinear coding mode.

Description

Signal transmitting and receiving method and device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for sending and receiving a signal.

Background

In a communication system, channel coding is generally used to correct and detect errors of transmitted information, and scrambling is used to ensure interference randomization. In the enhanced mobile broadband (enhanced mobile broadband, emmbb) scenario of the new radio, NR, system, the control channel is encoded by means of a polar code, and the encoded bits are scrambled with a Gold sequence (sequence).

The polarization code is a linear code based on the theory of channel polarization, in which way the coding process can be accomplished by generating a matrix. Theory proves that under certain conditions, the polarization code can reach the channel capacity.

However, although polarization codes have more sophisticated decoding algorithms and lower complexity, the performance is not good enough in the case of limited code length.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a signal sending method and device, which are used for improving the performance of channel coding.

In a first aspect, there is provided a first signal transmission method, the method comprising: channel coding is carried out on a first codeword with K elements to obtain a second codeword with N elements, wherein N/2 elements of the second codeword are third codewords, the third codewords are obtained by a first coding mode from a first part of the first codewords, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codewords are fourth codewords, the fourth codewords are obtained by carrying out modulo A processing on codewords obtained by a second coding mode from a second part of the first codewords and the third codewords, the first part is M elements of the first codewords, the second part is the remaining K-M elements of the first codewords except the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, N and K are positive integers, and N > K, A is an integer greater than 1; generating a first signal using the second codeword; and transmitting the first signal.

The method may be performed by a first communication device, which may be a first apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the first apparatus to perform the functions required for the method, but may of course also be other communication devices, such as a system on a chip. Here, the first communication apparatus is exemplified as a first device. The first device may be a terminal device or a network device. The network device is illustratively an access network device, such as a base station.

According to the method and the device, channel coding can be carried out on the first code word to obtain the second code word, in the process of obtaining 2/N elements and the remaining 2/N elements of the second code word, a first coding mode and a second coding mode are respectively used, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and the performance of channel coding can be improved by adopting the nonlinear coding mode.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first codeword is a part of an information element to be transmitted.

The first codeword may be part of the information element to be transmitted, e.g. the first codeword may be all of the information element to be transmitted, or may also be part of the information element to be transmitted. If the first codeword is only a part of the information element to be transmitted, the other codewords in the information element to be transmitted, except for the first codeword, may also be processed in the same channel coding manner as the first codeword, for example, the information element to be transmitted, except for the first codeword, may also be processed in the same channel coding manner as the first codeword, or the other codewords in the information element to be transmitted, except for the first codeword, may also be processed in a different channel coding manner as the first codeword, which is not limited in particular.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the third codeword is a first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword is a last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

In this embodiment of the present application, the third codeword may be the first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword may be the last N/2 elements of the second codeword. Further, the first portion may be the first M elements of the first codeword, and the second portion may be the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword other than the first M elements. For another example, the first portion of the first codeword may be the last M elements, or may be any M elements, and the first portion of the first codeword may be M consecutive or M discontinuous elements, and the second portion of the first codeword is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword other than the first portion of the first codeword. Similarly, the third codeword may be the last N/2 elements of the second codeword, or may be any N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the third codeword may be consecutive N/2 elements, or may be discontinuous N/2 elements, and the fourth codeword is the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword except for the third codeword. The specific one is not limited.

In a second aspect, there is provided a second signal transmission method, the method comprising: code word for K elements

Performing channel coding to obtain N-element code words +.>

Wherein said channel coding is such that said +.>

And->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]For code word->

N/2 elements of (a)>

For code word->

The remaining N/2 elements of +.>

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of

Code words obtained by the third coding mode, are encoded>

Is composed of

Code word obtained by the fourth coding mode, < >>

Is composed of

A codeword obtained by encoding in a fifth encoding mode, wherein at least one of the third encoding mode and the fifth encoding mode is a nonlinear encoding mode, and the codeword ∈ ->

For the code word->

Is the code word +.>

For the code word->

The rest K-B elements in the formula (I) are B, wherein B is an integer greater than 0 and less than K, N and K are positive integers, N>K, A is an integer greater than 1; use the code word->

Generating a first signal; and transmitting the first signal.

The method may be performed by a second communication device, which may be the first apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the functions required by the first apparatus to implement the method, but may of course also be other communication devices, such as a system on a chip. Here, the second communication apparatus is exemplified as the first device. The first device may be a terminal device or a network device. The network device is illustratively an access network device, such as a base station.

Embodiments of the present application may be directed to codewords

Channel coding to obtain code word->

In obtaining code word->

In the process of 2/N elements and the rest 2/N elements, a third coding mode and a fifth coding mode are respectively used, at least one of the third coding mode and the fifth coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and the nonlinear coding mode is adopted to help to improve the channel codingIs a performance of the (c).

With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the codeword

Is part of the information element to be transmitted.

Code word

May be part of an information element to be transmitted, e.g. codeword +>

May be all or part of the information element to be transmitted. If codeword->

Only the part of the information element to be transmitted, except the code word +.>

Other code words than code word +.>

The same channel coding is used for processing, e.g. the information elements to be transmitted are apart from the code words +.>

A code word is included, for which channel coding can also be carried out in the same way, or for which the information element to be transmitted is other than the code word +. >

Other code words than code word +.>

The different channel coding modes are processed, and the method is not particularly limited.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or with reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the pre-coding codeword corresponding to the nonlinear coding manner is

The code word after the code word corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is +.>

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

The method can be used for solving the problems that,

wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of

Coding the obtained code word by eighteenth coding mode, < >>

Is composed of

Coding the resulting code word by nineteenth coding means, a code word>

Is composed of->

Encoded codeword by twentieth encoding scheme, [ h ] ₁ ,h ₂ ,…,h _E/2 ]For the code word->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Z is an integer greater than 0 and less than D, and A is an integer greater than 1.

This is an example of a nonlinear encoding scheme, and is not particularly limited thereto.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or with reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first coding mode is a Delsarte-golthans code, and the second coding mode is a first-order Reed-Muller code.

This is just one example, and the specific one is not limited thereto.

In a third aspect, there is provided a first signal receiving method, the method comprising: receiving a first signal; the first signal is generated by a second codeword of N elements, the second codeword is satisfied, N/2 elements of the second codeword are third codewords, the third codewords are obtained by a first portion of the first codewords through a first coding mode, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codewords are fourth codewords, the fourth codewords are obtained by a second portion of the first codewords through a second coding mode and the third codewords through modulo a processing, the first portion is M elements of the first codewords, the second portion is the remaining K-M elements of the first codewords except the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and a is an integer greater than 1; and carrying out channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a first codeword with K elements, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

The method may be performed by a third communication device, which may be the second apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the second apparatus to perform the functions required for the method, but may of course also be other communication devices, such as a system on a chip. Here, the third communication means is exemplified as the second device. Wherein the first device is a terminal device and the second device is a network device, or the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal device. The network device is illustratively an access network device, such as a base station.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the first codeword is part of a received information element.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the third codeword is a first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword is a last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided a second signal receiving method, the method comprising: receiving a first signal; the first signal is a codeword of N elements

Generating, codeword->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the third encoding scheme,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is composed of->

The code word obtained by the fifth coding mode is coded, wherein at least one of the third coding mode and the fifth coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]For code words

N/2 elements of (a)>

For code word->

The remaining N/2 elements of (3); channel decoding the first signal to obtain K element code words +.>

Wherein the code word->

For the code word->

Is the code word +.>

For the code word->

The rest K-B elements in the formula (I) are B, wherein B is an integer greater than 0 and less than K, N and K are positive integers, N >K, A is an integer greater than 1.

The method may be performed by a fourth communication device, which may be the second apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the second apparatus to perform the functions required for the method, but may also be other communication devices, such as a system on a chip. Here, the fourth communication means is exemplified as the second device. Wherein the first device is a terminal device and the second device is a network device, or the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal device. The network device is illustratively an access network device, such as a base station.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the codeword

Is part of the received information element.

In a fifth aspect, there is provided a third signal receiving method, the method comprising: receiving a first signal; the first signal is generated by a second codeword of N elements, the second codeword is satisfied, N/2 elements of the second codeword are third codewords, the third codewords are obtained by a first portion of the first codewords through a first coding mode, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codewords are fourth codewords, the fourth codewords are obtained by a second portion of the first codewords through a second coding mode and the third codewords through modulo a processing, the first portion is M elements of the first codewords, the second portion is the remaining K-M elements of the first codewords except the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and a is an integer greater than 1; performing channel decoding on a fourth codeword in the second codewords of the N elements to obtain a first channel decoding result; performing channel decoding on a third codeword in the second codeword of the N elements according to the first decoding result to obtain a second channel decoding result; and obtaining a first codeword of K elements according to the first channel decoding result and the second channel decoding result, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

The method may be performed by a fifth communication device, which may be the second apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the second apparatus to perform the functions required for the method, but may of course also be other communication devices, such as a system on a chip. Here, the fifth communication means is exemplified as the second device. Wherein the first device is a terminal device and the second device is a network device, or the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal device. The network device is illustratively an access network device, such as a base station.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the first codeword is part of a received information element.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the third codeword is a first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword is a last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

With reference to the third aspect in combination with the third aspect,in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, or in combination with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, or in combination with the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the pre-coding codeword corresponding to the nonlinear coding manner is

The code word after the code word corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

Coding the obtained code word by eighteenth coding mode, < >>

Is composed of->

Coding the resulting code word by nineteenth coding means, a code word>

Is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, or with reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, or with reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the first coding mode is a Delsarte-golthanals code, and the second coding mode is a first order Reed-Muller code.

Regarding the technical effects of the third aspect or the various possible embodiments of the third aspect, reference may be made to the description of the technical effects of the first aspect or the various possible embodiments of the first aspect. Regarding the technical effects of the fourth aspect or the various possible embodiments of the fourth aspect, reference may be made to the description of the technical effects of the second aspect or the various possible embodiments of the second aspect. Regarding the technical effects of the fifth aspect or the various possible embodiments of the fifth aspect, reference may be made to the description of the technical effects of the first aspect or the various possible embodiments of the first aspect.

In a sixth aspect, a first communication apparatus is provided, which may be a first device or a chip in the first device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is used for storing instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored by the storage module so as to enable the communication device to execute the corresponding functions in the first aspect. When the communication device is a chip in the first apparatus, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, or a circuit, etc.; the processing module executes instructions stored by the storage module to cause the first device to perform the corresponding functions in the first aspect, where the storage module may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip, or may be a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) in the first device that is located outside the chip.

In a seventh aspect, a second communication apparatus is provided, where the communication apparatus may be the first device or may be a chip in the first device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is used for storing instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored by the storage module so as to enable the communication device to execute the corresponding functions in the first aspect. When the communication device is a chip in the first apparatus, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, or a circuit, etc.; the processing module executes instructions stored by a storage module, which may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) within the chip, or a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) within the first device that is external to the chip, to cause the first device to perform the corresponding functions in the second aspect.

In an eighth aspect, a third communication apparatus is provided, where the communication apparatus may be the second device or may be a chip in the second device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is configured to store instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored in the storage module, so that the communication device performs the corresponding function in the third aspect. When the communication device is a chip in the second apparatus, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, or a circuit, etc.; the processing module executes instructions stored by the storage module to cause the second device to perform the functions corresponding to the third aspect, where the storage module may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip, or may be a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) in the second device that is located outside the chip.

In a ninth aspect, a fourth communication apparatus is provided, where the communication apparatus may be the second device or may be a chip in the second device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is configured to store instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored in the storage module, so that the communication device performs the corresponding function in the fourth aspect. When the communication device is a chip in the second apparatus, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, or a circuit, etc.; the processing module executes instructions stored in the storage module to cause the second device to perform the corresponding functions in the fourth aspect, where the storage module may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip, or may be a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) in the second device that is located outside the chip.

In a tenth aspect, a fifth communication apparatus is provided, where the communication apparatus may be the second device or may be a chip in the second device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is configured to store instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored in the storage module, so that the communication device performs the corresponding function in the fifth aspect. When the communication device is a chip in the second apparatus, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, or a circuit, etc.; the processing module executes instructions stored in the storage module to cause the second device to perform the corresponding functions in the fifth aspect, where the storage module may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip, or may be a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) in the second device that is located outside the chip.

In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a first communication system that may include the first communication device of the sixth aspect and the third communication device of the eighth aspect.

In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a second communication system that may include the first communication device of the sixth aspect and the fifth communication device of the tenth aspect.

In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a third communication system that may include the second communication device of the seventh aspect and the fourth communication device of the ninth aspect.

The first communication system, the second communication system, and the third communication system may be the same communication system, or may be different communication systems, respectively, or it is possible that any two of them are the same communication system, and the remaining one is a different communication system.

In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having instructions stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect or the first aspect.

In a fifteenth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having instructions stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in any one of the possible designs of the second aspect or the second aspect described above.

In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having instructions stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in any one of the possible designs of the third aspect or the third aspect described above.

In a seventeenth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having instructions stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in any one of the possible designs of the fourth or fourth aspect above.

In an eighteenth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having instructions stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in any one of the above fifth or any one of the possible designs of the fifth aspect.

In a nineteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

In a twentieth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions stored therein, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in the second aspect or any one of the possible designs of the second aspect.

In a twenty-first aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions stored therein, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of the possible designs of the above third aspect or third aspect.

In a twenty-second aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions stored therein, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of the possible designs of the fourth or fourth aspect above.

In a twenty-third aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions stored therein, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of the above fifth or any one of the possible designs of the fifth aspect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of communication between a wireless device and a wireless communication system;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an access network device in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of a signal sending and receiving method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of generating a first signal by a first device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process of processing a first signal by a second device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of performance comparison between the result of channel coding and polarization codes according to the method provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;

fig. 8 is a flowchart of another signal transmitting and receiving method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a process for obtaining a codeword y according to a codeword x according to the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 8 in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of performance comparison between the result of channel coding and the polarization code according to the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 8 in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication device capable of implementing functions of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus capable of implementing functions of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a communication device capable of implementing functions of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus capable of implementing functions of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following, some terms in the embodiments of the present application are explained for easy understanding by those skilled in the art.

1) Terminal devices, including devices that provide voice and/or data connectivity to a user, may include, for example, a handheld device having wireless connectivity, or a processing device connected to a wireless modem. The terminal device may communicate with the core network via a radio access network (radio access network, RAN), exchanging voice and/or data with the RAN. The terminal device may include a User Equipment (UE), a wireless terminal device, a mobile terminal device, a subscriber unit (subscriber unit), a subscriber station (subscriber station), a mobile station (mobile), a remote station (remote station), an Access Point (AP), a remote terminal device (remote terminal), an access terminal device (access terminal), a user terminal device (user terminal), a user agent (user agent), or a user equipment (user device), etc. For example, mobile telephones (or "cellular" telephones) computers with mobile terminal devices, portable, pocket, hand-held, computer-built-in or vehicle-mounted mobile devices, smart wearable devices, and the like may be included. Such as personal communication services (personal communication service, PCS) phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (session initiation protocol, SIP) phones, wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistant, PDAs), and the like. But also limited devices such as devices with lower power consumption, or devices with limited memory capabilities, or devices with limited computing capabilities, etc. Examples include bar codes, radio frequency identification (radio frequency identification, RFID), sensors, global positioning systems (global positioning system, GPS), laser scanners, and other information sensing devices.

By way of example, and not limitation, in embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. The wearable device can also be called as a wearable intelligent device, and is a generic name for intelligently designing daily wear by applying wearable technology and developing wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothes, shoes and the like. The wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the clothing or accessories of the user. The wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also can realize a powerful function through software support, data interaction and cloud interaction. The generalized wearable intelligent device includes full functionality, large size, and may not rely on the smart phone to implement complete or partial functionality, such as: smart watches or smart glasses, etc., and focus on only certain types of application functions, and need to be used in combination with other devices, such as smart phones, for example, various smart bracelets, smart helmets, smart jewelry, etc. for physical sign monitoring.

2) A network device, for example comprising AN Access Network (AN) device, such as a base station (e.g., AN access point), may refer to a device in AN access network that communicates over the air-interface with wireless terminal devices through one or more cells. The network device may be operable to inter-convert the received air frames with internet protocol (internet protocol, IP) packets as a router between the terminal device and the rest of the access network, which may include an IP network. The network device may also coordinate attribute management for the air interface. For example, the network device may include an evolved node B (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional Node B) in a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system or an evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-a), or may also include a next generation node B (next generation node B, gNB) in a fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) New Radio (NR) system, or may also include a Centralized Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU) in a cloud access network (cloud radio access netowrk, cloudRAN) system, which embodiments of the present application are not limited.

The network device described herein is not limited to include an access network device, but may also include a core network device. Or it is understood that the network device described herein is not limited to the serving cell or serving base station of the terminal device, but may be any network device that may store capability information of the terminal device, such as a mobility management entity (mobility management entity, MME).

3) The terms "system" and "network" in embodiments of the present application may be used interchangeably. "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.

4) The term "a" in the embodiments of the present application means a single individual, and does not represent only one individual, but cannot be applied to other individuals. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, "one terminal device" refers to a specific terminal device, and does not mean that the present invention can be applied to only one specific terminal device.

Reference in the present application to "one embodiment" (or "one implementation") or "an embodiment" (or "implementation") means that a particular feature, structure, characteristic, etc., described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment.

In addition, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second", and the like are used to distinguish the same item or similar items having substantially the same function and effect. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the words "first," "second," and the like do not limit the amount and order of execution, and that the words "first," "second," and the like do not necessarily differ. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having" in the embodiments and claims of the present application and in the drawings are not exclusive. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not limited to only those steps or modules but may include other steps or modules not listed.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to an LTE system and a fourth generation mobile communication technology (the 4) ^th generation, 4G) system, 4.5G system, fifth generation mobile communication technology (the 5) ^th generation, 5G) system, NR system, or NR-like system may also be applied to future communication systems, or may also be applied to other like communication systems.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic communication diagram of a wireless device with a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system may be a system employing various radio access technologies (radio access technology, RATs), such as orthogonal frequency division multiple access (orthogonal frequency-division multiple access, OFDMA), or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), among other systems. For example, the wireless communication system may be a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, a wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN) system, a New Radio (NR) system, various evolved or converged systems, and future-oriented communication technology systems. The system architecture and the service scenario described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly describing the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of the network architecture and the appearance of the new service scenario, the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.

For simplicity, communications are shown in fig. 1 for one network device 102 (e.g., an access network device) and one wireless device 104 (e.g., a terminal device). In general, a wireless communication system may include any number of network devices as well as terminal devices. The wireless communication system may also include one or more core network devices or devices for carrying virtualized network functions, etc. The access network device 102 may provide services to wireless devices via one or more carriers. The access network device and the terminal device may be collectively referred to as a communication device in this application.

In this application, the access network device 102 may be a network device as described above. For convenience of description, in this application, the access network device is simply referred to as an access network device, and sometimes referred to as a base station.

The wireless device referred to in the embodiments of the present application may be the terminal device described above. A wireless device may support one or more wireless technologies for wireless communication, such as 5g, lte, wcdma, cdma,1x, time division-synchronous code division multiple access (TS-SCDMA), GSM,802.11, and so on. Wireless devices may also support carrier aggregation techniques.

Multiple wireless devices may perform the same or different services. For example, mobile broadband services, enhanced mobile broadband (enhanced mobile broadband, emmbb) services, ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) services, etc. are provided for the terminal.

Further, one possible structural schematic of the access network device 102 may be shown in fig. 2. The access network device 102 is capable of performing the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application. Wherein the access network device 102 may comprise: a controller or processor 201 (hereinafter processor 201 is illustrated as an example) and a transceiver 202. The controller/processor 201 is sometimes referred to as a modem processor (modem processor). The controller/processor 201 may include a baseband processor (baseband processor, BBP) (not shown) that processes the digitized received signal to extract the information or data bits conveyed in the signal. As such, the BBP is typically implemented in one or more digital signal processors (digital signal processor, DSP) within the controller/processor 201 or as separate integrated circuits (integrated circuit, IC) as needed or desired.

The transceiver 202 may be used to support the transceiving of information between the access network device 102 and the terminal device, as well as to support the radio communication between the terminal devices. The processor 201 may also be used to perform the functions of various terminal devices communicating with other network devices. On the uplink, uplink signals from the terminal device are received via the antenna, mediated by the transceiver 202, and further processed by the processor 201 to recover traffic data and/or signaling information transmitted by the terminal device. On the downlink, traffic data and/or signaling messages are processed by the terminal device and modulated by transceiver 202 to generate a downlink signal, which is transmitted via an antenna to the terminal device. The access network device 102 may also include a memory 203 that may be used to store program code and/or data for the access network device 102. The transceiver 202 may include separate receiver and transmitter circuits, or may be the same circuit to perform the transceiving functions. The access network device 102 may further comprise a communication unit 204 for supporting the access network device 102 to communicate with other network entities. For example, for supporting the access network device 102 to communicate with network devices of a core network, etc.

Optionally, the access network device may further comprise a bus. The transceiver 202, the memory 203, and the communication unit 204 may be connected to the processor 201 through a bus. For example, the bus may be a peripheral component interconnect standard (peripheral component interconnect, PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (extended industry standard architecture, EISA) bus, or the like. The buses may include an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of a terminal device in the above wireless communication system. The terminal equipment can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the application. The terminal device may be either of the two terminal devices 104. The terminal device comprises a transceiver 301, an application processor (application processor) 302, a memory 303 and a modem processor (modem processor) 304.

Transceiver 301 may condition (e.g., analog convert, filter, amplify, upconvert, etc.) the output samples and generate an uplink signal, which is transmitted via an antenna to a base station as described in the above embodiments. On the downlink, an antenna receives downlink signals transmitted by the access network device. Transceiver 301 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, digitize, etc.) the received signal from the antenna and provide input samples.

Modem processor 304, also sometimes referred to as a controller or processor, may include a baseband processor (baseband processor, BBP) (not shown) that processes the digitized received signal to extract the information or data bits conveyed in the signal. BBP is typically implemented in one or more digits within modem processor 304 or as a separate Integrated Circuit (IC) as needed or desired.

In one design, a modem processor 304 may include an encoder 3041, a modulator 3042, a decoder 3043, and a demodulator 3044. The encoder 3041 is used for encoding a signal to be transmitted. For example, the encoder 3041 may be configured to receive traffic data and/or signaling messages to be transmitted on the uplink and process (e.g., format, encode, interleave, etc.) the traffic data and signaling messages. The modulator 3042 is used to modulate the output signal of the encoder 3041. For example, the modulator may perform symbol mapping and/or modulation, etc., on the output signal (data and/or signaling) of the encoder and provide output samples. The demodulator 3044 is configured to perform demodulation processing on an input signal. For example, a demodulator 3044 processes the input samples and provides symbol estimates. The decoder 3043 is used for decoding the demodulated input signal. For example, the decoder 3043 deinterleaves, decodes, and/or the like the demodulated input signal, and outputs a decoded signal (data and/or signaling). The encoder 3041, modulator 3042, demodulator 3044, and decoder 3043 may be implemented by a composite modem processor 304. These units are handled according to the radio access technology employed by the radio access network.

Modem processor 304 receives digitized data, which may represent voice, data, or control information, from application processor 302 and processes the digitized data for transmission. The modem processor may support one or more of a variety of wireless communication protocols for a variety of communication systems, such as LTE, new air interface, universal mobile telecommunications system (universal mobile telecommunications system, UMTS), high speed packet access (high speed packet access, HSPA), and so forth. Optionally, one or more memories may be included in modem processor 304.

Alternatively, the modem processor 304 and the application processor 302 may be integrated in one processor chip.

The memory 303 is used to store program code (sometimes also referred to as programs, instructions, software, etc.) and/or data for supporting communication with the terminal device.

It should be noted that the memory 203 or the memory 303 may include one or more storage units, for example, may be a storage unit inside the processor 201 or the modem processor 304 or the application processor 302 for storing program codes, or may be an external storage unit independent of the processor 201 or the modem processor 304 or the application processor 302, or may also be a component including a storage unit inside the processor 201 or the modem processor 304 or the application processor 302 and an external storage unit independent of the processor 201 or the modem processor 304 or the application processor 302.

The processor 201 and modem processor 304 may be the same type of processor or may be different types of processors. For example, the logic may be implemented in a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), general purpose processor, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, other integrated circuit, or any combination thereof. The processor 201 and modem processor 304 may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the present application's embodiment disclosure. The processor may also be a combination of devices implementing computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, or a system-on-a-chip (SOC), etc.

Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithms described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, instructions stored in memory or in another computer readable medium and executed by a processor or other processing device, or combinations of both. As an example, the apparatus described herein may be used in any circuit, hardware component, IC, or IC chip. The memory disclosed herein may be any type and size of memory and may be configured to store any type of information as desired. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. How such functionality is implemented depends upon the particular application, design choice, and/or design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

The following describes the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the application provides a signal sending and receiving method, and a flow chart of the method is shown in fig. 4. The method may be applied to the scenario shown in fig. 1, and in the following description, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is taken as an example applied to the application scenario shown in fig. 1. In addition, the method may be performed by two communication means, such as a first communication means and a second communication means, wherein the first communication means may be a network device or a communication means (e.g. a chip system) capable of supporting the network device to implement the functions required for the method, or the first communication means may be a terminal device or a communication means (e.g. a chip system) capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the functions required for the method. The same applies to the second communication apparatus, which may be a network device or a communication apparatus (e.g., a chip system) capable of supporting functions required by the network device to implement the method, or the second communication apparatus may be a terminal device or a communication apparatus (e.g., a chip system) capable of supporting functions required by the terminal device to implement the method. And the implementation manner of the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus is not limited, for example, the first communication apparatus may be a terminal device, the second communication apparatus may be a network device, or the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus may be network devices, or the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus may be terminal devices, or the first communication apparatus may be a terminal device, the second communication apparatus may be a communication apparatus capable of supporting functions required by the network device to implement the method, and so on. Wherein the network device is, for example, a base station.

For convenience of description, hereinafter, the method is exemplified by the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and specifically, the first communication device is exemplified by the first apparatus and the second communication device is exemplified by the second apparatus. The first device is, for example, a network device, the second device is, for example, a terminal device, then the first signal described herein may be a downstream signal, or the first device is, for example, a terminal device, and the second device is, for example, a network device, then the first signal described herein may be an upstream signal.

S41, performing channel coding on a first codeword of K elements by first equipment to obtain a second codeword of N elements, wherein N/2 elements of the second codeword are third codewords, the third codewords are obtained by a first coding mode of a first part of the first codeword, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are fourth codewords, the fourth codewords are obtained by performing modulo A processing on codewords obtained by a second coding mode of a second part of the first codeword and the third codewords, the first part is M elements of the first codeword, the second part is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, N and K are positive integers, N > K, and A is an integer greater than 1;

S42, the first device generates a first signal by using the second code word;

s43, the first device sends the first signal, and the second device receives the first signal from the first device;

s44, the second device obtains the first code word according to the first signal.

In the embodiment of the application, the third codeword may be the first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword may be the last N/2 elements of the second codeword. Further, the first portion of the first codeword may be the first M elements of the first codeword, and the second portion of the first codeword may be the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword other than the first M elements.

For another example, the first portion of the first codeword may be the last M elements, or may be any M elements, and the first portion of the first codeword may be M consecutive or M discontinuous elements, and the second portion of the first codeword is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword other than the first portion of the first codeword. Similarly, the third codeword may be the last N/2 elements of the second codeword, or may be any N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the third codeword may be consecutive N/2 elements, or may be discontinuous N/2 elements, and the fourth codeword is the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword except for the third codeword. The embodiment of the present application will be described by taking the first M elements of the first codeword in which the first portion of the first codeword is the first codeword, and taking the first N/2 elements of the second codeword in which the third codeword is the third codeword as an example.

The first device needs to perform channel coding on the first codeword to send the first codeword, and can obtain a second codeword after performing channel coding. Wherein the first codeword may be referred to as a pre-encoding codeword and the second codeword may be referred to as a post-encoding codeword.

For example, the first codeword is

The second codeword is +.>

Wherein (1)>

Alternatively, the first codeword is +>

The second codeword is +.>

Here, the first code word is->

The second codeword is +.>

As an example. Where the channel code described herein is an a-ary code, a is an integer greater than 1, e.g., the value of a may be 2 or 4, where if a is 2, the value range of each element of the corresponding codeword may be {0,1}, and if a is 4, the value range of each element of the corresponding codeword may be {0,1,2,3}. Generally 2, is described herein by taking a=2 as an example, that is, unless otherwise specified, the a-ary codes each refer to a binary code, that is, the element x of the first codeword _i And element y of the second codeword _i The value of (2) is 0 or 1./>

Representing a second codeword->

Is formed by splicing two parts, wherein the front half part, namely the front N/2 elements, is +.>

The latter half, i.e. the latter N/2 elements, is +.>

The first N/2 elements of the second codeword may be referred to as a third codeword, e.g., represented as

Is a codeword of a first set of codewords, the first set of codewords being a set of codewords obtainable by a first coding scheme, or the first set of codewords corresponding to the first coding scheme, that is, the third codeword being obtained from a first portion of the first codeword by the first coding scheme>

A first portion of the first codeword is represented and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K. In the implementation of the method of this embodiment, the first device does not necessarily need to actually generate the first codeword set, but is +.>

Such a feature is satisfied. The last N/2 elements of the second codeword may be referred to as fourth codeword, e.g. denoted +.>

Is a codeword in a second codeword set, which is a set of codewords obtainable by a second coding scheme, or which corresponds to the second coding scheme, that is, the fourth codeword is obtained by modulo A processing of a codeword obtained by the second coding scheme of the second part of the first codeword and a third codeword, and vice versa>

A second portion of the first codeword is represented. Similarly, when implementing the method of this embodiment, the first device does not necessarily need to actually generate the second codeword set, but is +. >

Such a feature is satisfied. The codeword sets described herein are not necessarily actually present when implementing the embodiments of the present application, but are merely used to illustrate the features that the codewords satisfy. In this context, other words, except for the pre-code word and the post-code word, are not necessarily actually present when implementing the embodiments of the present application, but are merely used to illustrate the characteristics satisfied by the code, or are merely used to illustrate the characteristics satisfied by the pre-code word and the post-code word.

Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

representing modulo A addition, in the various embodiments of the present application for +.>

(or modulo A addition) can be defined as, < >>

"+" is a normal arithmetic addition (arithmetic addition), mod represents a modulo operation.

In this embodiment, at least one of the first encoding scheme and the second encoding scheme is a nonlinear encoding scheme. Alternatively, other coding modes than the at least one coding mode may be linear coding or may be nonlinear coding.

If one coding scheme satisfies that the linear combination of any two or more coded codewords is still a codeword of its codeword space, then the coding is linear, otherwise nonlinear. Codeword space refers to the set of codewords that can be obtained after encoding. Since the binary code is described herein as an example of an a-ary code, the linear combination described herein is described as an example of a linear operation in the binary domain. When the A-ary code is the element of other values, the domain is the corresponding A-ary domain.

The nonlinear encoding in the embodiments of the present application is nonlinear encoding on the a-ary domain. The coding scheme may be linear coding over other metadomains.

Further, the nonlinear code in this embodiment may be a Kerdock code or a Delsarte-golthanals code, or may be other code. The Kerdock code and the Delsarte-Goethane code are two common nonlinear codes, and have better minimum code distance and code distance distribution, so that the Kerdock code and the Delsarte-Goethane code have better channel coding performance. The Kerdock code and Delsarte-Goethane code are Z ₄ The linear code of the code matrix can be generated to obtain the encoded quaternary code word, wherein Z ₄ And the quaternary is a meaning, all refer to a codeThe value of an element of a word may be 0,1,2 or 3. The generator matrix of the Kerdock code and the Delsarte-golthans code may be derived from primitive substantially irreducible polynomials (primitive basic irreducible polynomial). The quaternary code word is mapped by Gray to obtain the binary code. Gray mapping is a quaternary to binary mapping, and can be expressed as: two mappings beta (c) and gamma (c) are defined,

the Gray map can be expressed as +.>

For example, for c=0, c is Gray mapped to obtain codeword (0, 0), and c=1, c is Gray mapped to obtain codeword (0, 1), e.g. codeword [0,1,2,3 ] ]The codeword obtained after mapping is [0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0 ]]. After Gray mapping, a quaternary codeword can become twice the original codeword length.

Alternatively, the nonlinear encoding method in the embodiment of the present application may also satisfy the following conditions: the code word before coding corresponding to nonlinear coding is

E>D, or the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is +>

The pre-coding codeword corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is +.>

As an example. In addition, unless otherwise specified hereinafter, elements of the codeword referred to in the embodiments of the present application are all numbered as examples starting from "1", but the embodiments of the present application do not limit that elements of the codeword may also be numbered starting from "0". Nonlinear coding enables->

And->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of

Coding the obtained code word by eighteenth coding mode, < >>

Is composed of

Coding the resulting code word by nineteenth coding means, a code word>

Is composed of->

Code word obtained by coding in twentieth coding mode。[h ₁ ,h ₂ ,…,h _E/2 ]For code word->

E/2 elements of (E),. About. >

For code word->

Except for [ h ] ₁ ,h ₂ ,…,h _E/2 ]The remaining E/2 elements, codeword +.>

For code word->

Z elements of (a) codeword->

For code word->

Except for code word->

The remaining D-Z elements, Z is an integer greater than 0 and less than D.

As an alternative, the eighteenth coding scheme is different from the nineteenth coding scheme, and certainly, the possibility that the eighteenth coding scheme is identical to the nineteenth coding scheme is not excluded. Similarly, as an alternative, the eighteenth coding scheme is different from the twentieth coding scheme, but the possibility that the eighteenth coding scheme is identical to the twentieth coding scheme is not excluded.

For example, the first encoding mode is a Delsarte-Goethane code, and the second encoding mode is a first order Reed-Muller code, although the embodiments are not limited thereto.

For example, when k=24, n=128, and m=17, better performance can be obtained by performing channel coding in the manner provided in the embodiments of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the first encoding method and the second encoding method is a nonlinear encoding method, and generally, nonlinear encoding has a lower error rate than linear encoding, so that the nonlinear encoding has better performance than linear encoding. The branch codes of the polarization codes in the prior art are all linear codes, and the channel codes provided by the embodiment of the application meet the requirements of a prazizane (Plotkin) structure, meanwhile, nonlinear codes are used in the branch codes, and compared with the mode of using linear codes in the branch codes, the coding mode in the embodiment can further reduce the error rate, so that the performance of the channel codes can be improved.

Also in the embodiments of the present application, channel coding may be an iterative process. For example, for the first codeword, the first codeword is divided into

And->

The two parts are treated separately. And during processing, for each of the two parts, the two parts can be divided into two parts, and for the two parts obtained by further division The parts may be processed in the same manner as the method described above, such as the eighteenth encoding method described above, the nineteenth encoding method, and so on. Further, for each of the two further divided portions, the two further divided portions may be subdivided in the same way, and the new two portions may still be processed in the same way as the method described above, so that the steps iterate. Therefore, at each iteration, there are two coding modes for the two divided parts, and the two coding modes are the branch codes of the coding. Thus, the information to be encoded is divided into two parts, which may be encoded in the same way or in different ways, each forming a branch code.

In the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two encoding modes in at least one iteration process is a nonlinear encoding mode. It is easy to understand that the more nonlinear coding modes are adopted in the process of iteratively generating the code words, the better the performance is improved. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two corresponding encoding modes may be a nonlinear encoding mode during each iteration, or the embodiment of the present application may make all encoding modes involved in the iteration process be nonlinear encoding modes, so as to achieve a greater improvement on performance.

Although the iteration process of the foregoing embodiment is further divided into the first encoding mode and the second encoding mode into other encoding modes, it is to be understood that the method in the embodiment of the present application may be an implementation process of a certain encoded branch code, for example, an encoding process of a minimum iteration unit in the foregoing iteration process. That is, the method in the embodiment of the present application may be used as a branch code, and a new encoding scheme may be constructed together with other branch codes. In this case, the first signal may further include a portion generated using other codewords than the second codeword.

For better understanding, the following describes the iterative process of the embodiment of the present application by further dividing the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme into examples.

For example, the third codeThe first N/4 elements of the word are fifth codewords, the fifth codewords are obtained by a ninth coding mode from a first part of the pre-coding codewords corresponding to the third codewords, the last N/2 elements of the third codewords are sixth codewords, the sixth codewords are obtained by performing modulo A addition processing on the codewords obtained by a tenth coding mode from a second part of the pre-coding codewords corresponding to the third codewords and the fifth codewords, the first part of the pre-coding codewords corresponding to the third codewords are the pre-lambda elements of the pre-coding codewords corresponding to the third codewords, the second part of the pre-coding codewords corresponding to the third codewords are the rest M-lambda elements except the pre-lambda elements of the pre-coding codewords corresponding to the third codewords, and lambda is an integer greater than 0 and less than M. For example, the third codeword is

The fifth codeword is +.>

Is a codeword in a third set of codewords, the third set of codewords being a set of codewords obtainable by encoding in a ninth encoding mode, that is to say the fifth codeword is encoded by the first part of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the third codeword ≡>

The code word obtained by coding in the ninth coding mode, and the sixth code word is +.>

Is a codeword in a fourth set of codewords, the fourth set of codewords being a set of codewords obtainable by encoding in a tenth encoding mode, that is to say the sixth codeword is encoded by the second part of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the third codeword ≡>

The resulting codeword is encoded by the tenth encoding scheme. Then, at least one of the ninth coding scheme and the tenth coding scheme may be a nonlinear coding scheme, or both the ninth coding scheme and the tenth coding scheme may be linear coding schemes.

The same applies to the fourth codeword. The first N/4 elements of the fourth codeword are seventh codeword, the seventh codeword is obtained by eleventh encoding the first part of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword, the last N/2 elements of the fourth codeword are eighth codeword, the eighth codeword is obtained by modulo A addition of the codeword obtained by twelfth encoding the second part of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword and the seventh codeword, the first part of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword is the first B-M elements of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword, the second part of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword is the remaining K-B elements of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword except the first B-M elements, and B is an integer greater than M and less than K. For example, the fourth codeword is

The seventh codeword is +.>

Is a codeword in a fifth codeword set, which is a set of codewords encoded by the eleventh coding scheme, that is, the seventh codeword is a first portion of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword

Code words obtained by coding in an eleventh coding mode, wherein the eighth code word is +.>

Is a codeword in a sixth codeword set, which is a set of codewords encoded by the twelfth coding scheme, that is, an eighth codeword is encoded by a fourth codeSecond part of the pre-code word corresponding to the word +.>

The resulting codeword is encoded by the twelfth encoding scheme. Then, at least one of the eleventh coding scheme and the twelfth coding scheme may be a nonlinear coding scheme, or both the eleventh coding scheme and the twelfth coding scheme may be linear coding schemes. At least one of the ninth coding scheme, tenth coding scheme, eleventh coding scheme, and twelfth coding scheme is a nonlinear coding scheme.

The above is an iterative process, and an iterative process is described again below.

For example, the first N/8 elements of the fifth codeword are ninth codewords, the ninth codewords are obtained by thirteenth encoding the first portion of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword, the last N/8 elements of the fifth codeword are tenth codewords, the tenth codewords are obtained by modulo a addition of the ninth codewords and codewords obtained by fourteenth encoding the second portion of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword, the first portion of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword is the first G elements of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword, the second portion of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword is the remaining Λ -G elements of the pre-encoding codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword other than the first G elements, and G is an integer greater than 0 and less than Λ. For example, the fifth codeword is

The ninth codeword is +.>

/>

The ninth codeword is a codeword of a seventh set of codewords, the seventh set of codewords being a set of codewords obtainable by encoding in the thirteenth encoding mode, that is to say the ninth codeword being defined by the first part of the pre-encoding codeword to which the fifth codeword corresponds->

Code word obtained by coding in thirteenth coding mode, tenth code word is +.>

Is a codeword in an eighth codeword set, which is a set of codewords encoded by the fourteenth encoding scheme, that is, the tenth codeword is encoded by the second part +_ of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword>

The second portion of the codeword is encoded into the resulting codeword by the fourteenth encoding scheme. Then, at least one of the thirteenth coding scheme and the fourteenth coding scheme may be a nonlinear coding scheme, or both the thirteenth coding scheme and the fourteenth coding scheme may be linear coding schemes.

For example, the first N/8 elements of the sixth codeword are eleventh codewords, the eleventh codewords are obtained by fifteenth encoding from the first portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the sixth codewords, the last N/8 elements of the sixth codewords are twelfth codewords, the twelfth codewords are obtained by modulo a addition of the eleventh codewords and codewords obtained by sixteenth encoding from the second portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the sixth codewords, the first portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the sixth codewords are the first F- Λ elements of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the sixth codewords, the second portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the sixth codewords are the remaining M-F elements of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the sixth codewords other than the first F- Λ elements, and F is an integer greater than Λ and less than M. For example, the sixth codeword is

Eleventh codeword is

Is the code in the ninth codeword setThe set of words, ninth codeword, is the set of codewords that are encoded by the fifteenth encoding means, i.e. the eleventh codeword is encoded by +.>

Code words obtained by coding in a fifteenth coding mode, the twelfth code word is +.>

Is a codeword of a tenth set of codewords which is the set of codewords obtainable by the sixteenth coding, i.e. the twelfth codeword is composed of +.>

The resulting codeword is encoded by the sixteenth encoding scheme. Then, at least one of the fifteenth coding scheme and the sixteenth coding scheme may be a nonlinear coding scheme, or both the fifteenth coding scheme and the sixteenth coding scheme may be linear coding schemes.

For example, the first N/8 elements of the seventh codeword are thirteenth codewords, the thirteenth codewords are obtained by seventeenth encoding of the first portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the seventh codewords, the last N/8 elements of the seventh codewords are fourteenth codewords, the fourteenth codewords are obtained by modulo a addition of the thirteenth codewords and the codewords obtained by twenty first encoding of the second portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the seventh codewords, the first portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the seventh codewords are the first H-M elements of the seventh codewords, the second portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the fifth codewords are the remaining B-H elements of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the fifth codewords except the first H-M elements, and H is an integer greater than M and less than B. For example, the seventh codeword is

Thirteenth codeword->

Is a codeword of an eleventh set of codewords, the eleventh set of codewords being a set of codewords obtainable by encoding in a seventeenth encoding mode, i.e. the thirteenth codeword is composed of +.>

The seventeenth code word is the fourteenth code word coded by seventeenth coding mode>

Is a codeword of a twelfth set of codewords, which is a set of codewords obtainable by coding in a twelfth coding mode, i.e. the fourteenth codeword is composed of +.>

The resulting codeword is encoded by the twenty-first encoding scheme. At least one of the seventeenth coding scheme and the twenty-first coding scheme may be a nonlinear coding scheme, or both the seventeenth coding scheme and the twenty-first coding scheme may be linear coding schemes.

For example, the first N/8 elements of the eighth codeword are fifteenth codewords, the fifteenth codewords are obtained by twenty-second encoding from the first portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the eighth codewords, the last N/8 elements of the eighth codewords are sixteenth codewords, the sixteenth codewords are obtained by modulo-a addition of the fifteenth codewords and codewords obtained by twenty-third encoding from the second portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the eighth codewords, the first portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the eighth codewords are the first Q-B elements of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the eighth codewords, the second portion of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the sixth codewords are the remaining K-Q elements except the first Q-B elements of the pre-encoding codewords corresponding to the sixth codewords, and Q is an integer greater than B and less than K.

For example, the eighth codeword is

Fifteenth codeword->

Is a codeword of a thirteenth set of codewords, which is a set of codewords obtainable by encoding in a twenty-second encoding mode, i.e. the fifteenth codeword is composed of +.>

Code words obtained by coding in twenty-second coding mode, sixteenth code word is +.>

Is a codeword of a fourteenth set of codewords which is a set of codewords obtainable by encoding in a twenty-third encoding mode, i.e. the sixteenth codeword is composed of +.>

The resulting codeword is encoded by a twenty-third encoding scheme. At least one of the twenty-second encoding method and the twenty-third encoding method may be a nonlinear encoding method, or both the twenty-second encoding method and the twenty-third encoding method may be linear encoding methods.

Similar iterative processes may also be performed for all or part of the ninth codeword to the sixteenth codeword, and the iterative processes may be continued for the codewords obtained after the iteration, since the processes are similar and will not be described again. In summary, when each codeword is subjected to channel coding, two coding modes are involved, and in this embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two coding modes may be a nonlinear coding mode, so as to improve channel coding performance.

In this embodiment, the first device obtains the second codeword according to the first codeword, and the process of obtaining the first signal according to the second codeword can refer to fig. 5. The first device encodes the first codeword (i.e., the K-bit pre-encoding codeword in fig. 5

) Channel coding is performed to obtain a second codeword (i.e., an N-bit coded codeword in fig. 5), and after obtaining the second codeword, the first device may scramble the second codeword by the scrambling sequence to obtain an N-bit scrambled codeword->

The first device will scramble the codeword +.>

Modulating, for example, binary phase shift keying (binary phase shift keying, BPSK) modulation or quadrature phase shift keying (quadrature phase shift keying, QPSK) modulation, etc., to obtain modulated symbols ∈>

And then->

Mapping to L sub-carriers to obtain L-point frequency domain signals. The first device performs inverse fast fourier transform (inverse fast Fourier transformation, IFFT) on a frequency domain signal containing L elements, obtains a corresponding time domain signal, and adds a cyclic prefix to the time domain signal, generating a first signal.

As shown in fig. 6, after receiving the first signal, the second device may remove the cyclic prefix from the received first signal and then perform a fast fourier transform (fast fourier transformation, FFT) to obtain a signal in the frequency domain. I.e. the modulation symbols carried by the individual subcarriers. Then, the second device demaps the frequency domain signal to obtain a modulation symbol, and then performs channel equalization according to the channel coefficient obtained by the channel estimation. And then the second device demodulates the modulation symbol after the channel equalization to obtain a codeword on the modulation symbol. The code word and the scrambling code module two are subjected to scrambling code removal to obtain a code word

Then +.>

Performing channel decoding to obtain decoded code word +.>

/>

Among them, the common channel decoding method is maximum likelihood decoding or decoding approaching the maximum likelihood.

For example, one common way of channel equalization is to divide the modulation symbols by the channel coefficients on the corresponding subcarriers, resulting in equalized modulation symbols.

Common channel decoding schemes are maximum likelihood decoding or decoding that approximates maximum likelihood. A mode for realizing maximum likelihood decoding is to encode the code word

And solving correlation values with all possible codewords, wherein the codeword before coding corresponding to the codeword with the largest correlation value is the codeword after decoding. Or, according to the structural characteristics of the code word, a decoding mode approaching the maximum likelihood is adopted, for example, a polarization code can adopt an interference cancellation path (SCL) decoding algorithm, and the encoding in the embodiment of the application can adopt an SCL decoding algorithm similar to the polarization code.

For the second device, it can be according to

Obtaining the likelihood ratio of the second codeword>

Obtaining the likelihood ratio of the fourth codeword from the likelihood ratio of the second codeword +.>

Decoding the fourth codeword according to the likelihood ratio of the fourth codeword to obtain a second portion of the first codeword, and then obtaining a second codeword according to the likelihood ratio of the second portion of the first codeword and the second codeword Likelihood ratio ∈three codeword>

Decoding the third codeword according to the likelihood ratio value of the third codeword to obtain the first portion of the first codeword, in this way, helps to reduce the complexity of decoding by the second device. If the third codeword or the fourth codeword also satisfies the plotkin structure, a decoding algorithm similar to the above may be used to further reduce the decoding complexity of the second device.

For the second device, the second device may perform channel decoding on only a portion of the first signal including the fourth codeword to obtain the fourth codeword, and then obtain the third codeword according to the fourth codeword, or the second device may perform channel decoding on the fourth codeword in the second codeword to obtain a first channel decoding result, and then perform channel decoding on the third codeword in the second codeword according to the first channel decoding result to obtain a second channel decoding result, and may obtain the first codeword according to the first channel decoding result and the second channel decoding result. In this way, the complexity of the decoding by the second device is facilitated to be reduced.

For example, k=24, n=128, and m=17, where the first coding mode is a delarte-golethane code (nonlinear coding), the second coding mode is a first-order Reed-Muller code (linear coding), please refer to fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram of a functional relationship between a block error rate (BLER) and a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (signal to interference plus noise ratio, SINR), an upper curve in fig. 7 is a curve corresponding to a polarization code, and a lower curve is a curve corresponding to a channel coding mode provided in an embodiment of the present application. The polar code in the figure adopts SCL decoding, and the decoding reserves 32 paths. For example, as can be seen from fig. 7, when the BLER is 10 ^-5 In this case, when the channel coding is performed according to the channel coding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, a gain of about 0.8dB is obtained as compared with the polarization code.

It should be noted that the process shown in fig. 5 and 6 in the embodiment of the present application may be an example. In practical implementation, only part of the above process may be implemented, or other operations may be performed, and embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above process. As long as the processing of the first device and the second device are corresponding.

In order to solve the same technical problem, the embodiment of the present application further provides a signal sending and receiving method, and a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 8. The method may be applied to the scenario shown in fig. 1, and in the following description, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is taken as an example applied to the application scenario shown in fig. 1. In addition, the method may be performed by two communication devices, for example, a third communication device and a fourth communication device, wherein the third communication device may be a network apparatus or a communication device (e.g., a chip system) capable of supporting a function required by the network apparatus to implement the method, or the third communication device may be a terminal apparatus or a communication device (e.g., a chip system) capable of supporting a function required by the terminal apparatus to implement the method. The same applies to the fourth communication device, which may be a network appliance or a communication device (e.g., a chip system) capable of supporting functions required by the network appliance to implement the method, or the fourth communication device may be a terminal appliance or a communication device (e.g., a chip system) capable of supporting functions required by the terminal appliance to implement the method. And the implementation manner of the third communication device and the fourth communication device is not limited, for example, the third communication device may be a terminal device, the fourth communication device is a network device, or the third communication device and the fourth communication device are both network devices, or the third communication device and the fourth communication device are both terminal devices, or the third communication device is a terminal device, the fourth communication device is a communication device capable of supporting functions required by the network device to implement the method, and so on. Wherein the network device is, for example, a base station.

For convenience of description, hereinafter, the method is exemplified by the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and specifically, the third communication device is exemplified by the first apparatus and the fourth communication device is exemplified by the second apparatus. The first device is, for example, a network device, the second device is, for example, a terminal device, then the first signal described herein may be a downstream signal, or the first device is, for example, a terminal device, and the second device is, for example, a network device, then the first signal described herein may be an upstream signal.

S81, the first device codes the code words of K elements

Performing channel coding to obtain N-element code words +.>

Wherein said channel coding is such that said +.>

And->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]For code word->

N/2 elements of (a)>

For code word->

The remaining N/2 elements of +.>

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

Through a third braidingThe resulting code word is coded in a code manner,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is composed of->

For the code word->

Is the code word +. >

For the code word->

The rest K-B elements in the formula (I) are B, wherein B is an integer greater than 0 and less than K, N and K are positive integers, N>K, A is an integer greater than 1;

s82, the first device uses the code word

Generating a first signal;

s83, the first device sends the first signal, and the second device receives the first signal from the first device;

s84, the second device obtains the code word according to the first signal

It is noted that codeword [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]Indicating that the codeword is a codeword

The N/2 elements may be the first N/2 elements, the last N/2 elements, or any N/2 elements. And codeword [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]May be codeword->

Either consecutive N/2 elements or non-consecutive N/2 elements. Code word

Indicating that the codeword is codeword->

Except codeword y ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]The remaining N/2 elements. Wherein the reference number of the element does not indicate the codeword of the element +.>

Is used to determine the actual position of the object. Code word->

And code word->

The relation of (2) is the same as above and will not be described again.

In the embodiment of the application, the code word [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]Is a codeword

The first N/2 elements of (B) a codeword

For code word->

The first B elements of (B) are illustrated as examples. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

Wherein the code word

May be referred to as pre-coding codeword, codeword +.>

May be referred to as a coded codeword. In the embodiment of the present application, code word +.>

Interleaving may be performed without changing the coding performance. For code word->

Interleaving may be performed without changing the coding performance. Reference is made to the description of the embodiment shown in fig. 4.

Where the channel code described herein is an a-ary code, a is an integer greater than 1, e.g., the value of a may be 2 or 4, where if a is 2, the value range of each element of the corresponding codeword may be {0,1}, and if a is 4, the value range of each element of the corresponding codeword may be {0,1,2,3}. Generally 2, is described herein by taking a=2 as an example, that is, unless otherwise specified, the a-ary codes each refer to a binary code, that is, the element x of the first codeword _i And element y of the second codeword _i The value of (2) is 0 or 1.

In the embodiment of the present application, the nonlinear code may be a Kerdock code or a Delsarte-golthans code, or may be other codes. For an introduction to the Kerdock code or the Delsarte-golthans code, reference is made to the embodiment shown in fig. 4.

The pre-coding codeword corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is +.>

And->

The method can be used for solving the problems that,

wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

Coding the obtained code word by eighteenth coding mode, < >>

Is composed of

Coding the resulting code word by nineteenth coding means, a code word>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the twentieth encoding scheme. [ h ] ₁ ,h ₂ ,…,h _E/2 ]For code word->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

For code word->

Z elements of (a) codeword->

For code word->

Except for code word->

Among the my remaining D-Z elements, Z is an integer greater than 0 and less than D.

Note that, [ h ] ₁ ,h ₂ ,…,h _E/2 ]And

the relation of (c) may refer to the above codeword [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]And code word->

Is the relation of codeword [ g ] ₁ ,g ₂ ,…,g _Z ]And code word->

The relation of (c) may also refer to the above codeword [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]And code word->

Is not described in detail herein.

In the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the third encoding mode and the fifth encoding mode is a nonlinear encoding mode, and generally, nonlinear encoding has better performance than linear encoding.

Code word

May be part of an information element to be transmitted, e.g. codeword +>

May be all or part of the information element to be transmitted. If codeword->

Only the part of the information element to be transmitted, except the code word +. >

Other code words than code word +.>

A code word is included, for which channel coding can also be carried out in the same way, or for which the information element to be transmitted is other than the code word +.>

Other code words than code word +.>

Also in the embodiments of the present application, channel coding may be an iterative process. For example for codewords

Is to add code word->

Is divided into->

And->

The two parts are processed separately, and during processing, each of the two parts can be divided into two parts, the two parts can be processed in the same way as the method described above, further, each of the two parts can be subdivided into two parts in the same way, and the two parts can still be processed in the same way as the method described above, so that the steps are iterated. Thus, at each iteration, there are three coding modes for the two parts obtained by the division. In this embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two encoding modes in each of the at least one iteration process may be made to be a nonlinear encoding mode (i.e., at least one of the two encoding modes corresponding to v and u is made to be a nonlinear encoding mode), where the more nonlinear encoding modes are adopted, the better the performance improvement. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two corresponding encoding modes may be made to be a nonlinear encoding mode during each iteration, or the embodiment of the present application may make the encoding modes involved in the iteration process be all nonlinear encoding modes, so as to achieve a larger improvement on performance. For the iterative process, reference may be made to the relevant description in the embodiment of fig. 4, and since the process is similar, a detailed description is omitted.

The first device based on the codeword

Obtaining codewords/>

Based on code word->

The process of deriving the first signal may continue with reference to fig. 5 and the description above.

With continued reference to fig. 6, the processing of the second device after receiving the first signal may also be further described above.

For example, the first device is used as a transmitting end to perform channel coding on a codeword x with K bits to obtain a codeword y with N bits, where x= [ x1, x2, x3], and k=k1+k2+k3, where x1 occupies K1 bits, x2 occupies K2 bits, and x3 occupies K3 bits.

For example, n=64, k=24, k1=9, k2=7, k3=8. Reference is made to fig. 9, wherein an N/4 bit codeword u1 is obtained from k1 bits of x1, N/4 bit codewords v1 and p1 are obtained from k2 bits of x2, N/2 bit codewords u are obtained from N/4 bit codewords u1 and N/4 bit codewords v1, p1,

n/2 bit code words v and p can be obtained from k3 bit x3, and N bit code words y,/can be obtained from 2/N bit code words u and 2/N bit code words v, p>

Where u1= (x1×g1) mod 2, g1 is a generator matrix of 9×16:

v1= (x 2×g2) mod 2, g2 is a generator matrix of 7×16:

g3 is a 7×16 generator matrix:

v= (x 3 x g 4) mod 2, g4 is the generator matrix of 8 x 32:

g5 is a generator matrix of 8×32: />

Please refer to fig. 10, which is a schematic diagram illustrating a functional relationship between BLER and SINR. The upper curve in fig. 10 is the curve corresponding to the polarization code, and the lower curve is the curve corresponding to the channel coding mode provided in the embodiment of the present application. The pole code in the figure adopts a CRC-assisted interference cancellation path (CA-SCL) decoding algorithm, the CRC length is 8, and the reserved path is 32. For example, as can be seen from fig. 10, when the BLER is 10 ^-4 In this case, when the channel coding is performed according to the channel coding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, a gain of about 0.4dB is obtained compared with the polarization code.

The apparatus for implementing the above method in the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the above contents can be used in the following embodiments, and repeated contents are not repeated.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1100. The communication apparatus 1100 may implement the functionality of the first device referred to above. The communication apparatus 1100 may be the first device described above, for example the communication apparatus 1100 is the network device 102 shown in fig. 1, or the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be a chip provided in the first device described above. The communication device 1100 may include a processor 1101 and a transceiver 1102. If the first device shown in fig. 13 is the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the processor 1101 and the controller/processor 201 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1102 and the transceiver 202 may be the same component; alternatively, if the first device shown in fig. 13 is the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or 3, the processor 1101 and the application processor 302 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1102 and the transceiver 301 may be the same component. Wherein the processor 1101 may be configured to perform S41 and S42 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, for example, all or part of the other processes performed by the first device other than the transceiving processes described above may be performed. The transceiver 1102 may be configured to perform S43 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the first device described above.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic configuration of a communication apparatus 1200. The communication apparatus 1200 may implement the functionality of the second device referred to above. The communication apparatus 1200 may be the second device described above, for example the communication apparatus 1100 is the network device 102 shown in fig. 1, or the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, or the communication apparatus 1200 may be a chip provided in the second device described above. The communication device 1200 may include a processor 1201 and a transceiver 1202. If the first device shown in fig. 13 is the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the second device shown in fig. 14 may be the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the processor 1201 and the controller/processor 201 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1202 and the transceiver 202 may be the same component; alternatively, if the first device shown in fig. 13 is the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the second device shown in fig. 14 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the processor 1201 and the application processor 302 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1202 and the transceiver 301 may be the same component. Wherein the processor 1201 may be configured to perform S44 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, such as performing all or part of other operations performed by the second device in addition to the transceiving operations. The transceiver 1202 may be configured to perform S43 in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, e.g., may perform all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the second device described previously.

Fig. 13 shows a schematic configuration of a communication apparatus 1300. The communications apparatus 1300 can implement the functionality of the first device referred to above. The communication apparatus 1300 may be the first device described above, for example the communication apparatus 1100 is the network device 102 shown in fig. 1, or the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, or the communication apparatus 1300 may be a chip provided in the first device described above. The communications apparatus 1300 can include a processor 1301 and a transceiver 1302. If the first device shown in fig. 13 is the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the processor 1301 and the controller/processor 201 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1102 and the transceiver 202 may be the same component; alternatively, if the first device shown in fig. 13 is the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or 3, the processor 1301 and the application processor 302 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1302 and the transceiver 301 may be the same component. Wherein processor 1301 may be configured to perform S81 and S82 in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, e.g., may perform all or part of the other processes performed by the first device, except for the transceiving processes, described above. The transceiver 1302 may be configured to perform S83 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, e.g., may perform all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the first device as described above.

Fig. 14 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1400. The communication apparatus 1400 may implement the functionality of the second device referred to above. The communication apparatus 1400 may be a network device as described above, for example the communication apparatus 1100 is a network device 102 as shown in fig. 1, or an access network device 102 as shown in fig. 2, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be a terminal device as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, or the communication apparatus 1400 may be a chip provided in a network device as described above. The communication device 1400 may include a processor 1401 and a transceiver 1402. If the first device shown in fig. 13 is the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the second device shown in fig. 14 may be the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the processor 1201 and the controller/processor 201 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1202 and the transceiver 202 may be the same component; alternatively, if the first device shown in fig. 13 is the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the second device shown in fig. 14 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the processor 1201 and the application processor 302 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1202 and the transceiver 301 may be the same component. Wherein the processor 1401 may be configured to perform S84 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, such as performing all or part of other operations performed by the second device other than the transceiving operations. The transceiver 1402 may be used to perform S83 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, e.g., may perform all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the second device as described previously.

In a simple embodiment, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the communication apparatus 1100, the communication apparatus 1200, the communication apparatus 1300, or the communication apparatus 1400 may also be implemented by the structure of the communication apparatus 1500 as shown in fig. 15. The communication apparatus 1500 may implement the functions of the first device or the second device referred to above. The communications device 1500 may include a processor 1501. Optionally, the communications device 1500 may also include a memory 1502 that may be used to store instructions required by the processor 1501 to perform tasks.

Where the communications apparatus 1500 is configured to implement the functionality of the first device referred to above, the processor 1501 may be configured to perform S41 and S42 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, for example, all or part of other processes performed by the first device other than the transceiving processes described above; alternatively, where the communications apparatus 1500 is used to implement the functionality of the second device referred to above, the processor 1501 may be configured to perform S44 in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, e.g., may perform all or part of other operations performed by the second device, other than transceiving operations, and/or other procedures to support the techniques described herein; alternatively, where the communications apparatus 1500 is used to implement the functionality of the first device referred to above, the processor 1501 may be configured to perform S81 and S82 in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 8, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, e.g., may perform all or part of other processes performed by the first device in addition to the transceiving processes described above; alternatively, where the communications apparatus 1500 is used to implement the functionality of the second device referred to above, the processor 1501 may be configured to perform S84 in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 8, e.g., may perform all or part of other operations performed by the second device, other than transceiving operations, and/or other procedures for supporting the techniques described herein.

In the embodiment of the present application, the communication apparatus 1100, the communication apparatus 1200, the communication apparatus 1300, the communication apparatus 1400, and the communication apparatus 1500 are presented in a form of dividing each functional module for each function, or may be presented in a form of dividing each functional module in an integrated manner. A "module" herein may refer to an ASIC, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and/or other devices that can provide the described functionality.

In addition, the communication device 1100 provided by the embodiment shown in fig. 11 may be implemented in other forms. For example, the communication device includes a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be implemented by the processor 1101, and the transceiver module may be implemented by the transceiver 1102. Wherein the processing module may be configured to perform S41 and S42 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, for example, all other processes or part of other processes performed by the first device other than the transceiving process described above may be performed. The transceiving module may be used to perform S43 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, e.g., may perform all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the first device as described above.

The embodiment shown in fig. 12 provides a communication device 1200 that may also be implemented in other forms. For example, the communication device includes a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be implemented by the processor 1201 and the transceiver module may be implemented by the transceiver 1202. Wherein the processing module may be configured to perform S81 and S82 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, for example, all other processes or part of other processes performed by the first device other than the transceiving process described above may be performed. The transceiver module may be configured to perform S83 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, e.g., may perform all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the first device as described above.

The embodiment shown in fig. 13 provides a communication device 1300 that may also be implemented in other forms. For example, the communication device includes a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be implemented by the processor 1301, and the transceiver module may be implemented by the transceiver 1302. Wherein the processing module may be configured to perform S84 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, such as performing all or part of other operations performed by the second device other than the transceiving operations. The transceiver module may be used to perform S83 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, e.g., may perform all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the second device described previously.

Since the communication device 1100, the communication device 1200, the communication device 1300, the communication device 1400 and the communication device 1500 provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used to perform the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 or the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the technical effects obtained by the method can be referred to the above method embodiments, and will not be described herein.

The present examples also provide an apparatus (e.g., an integrated circuit, a wireless device, a circuit module, etc.) for implementing the above-described methods. The means for implementing the power tracker and/or power supply generator described herein may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device. The device may be (i) a free-standing IC; (ii) A set of one or more 1C, which may include a memory IC for storing data and/or instructions; (iii) RFICs, such as RF receivers or RF transmitter/receivers; (iv) an ASIC, such as a mobile station modem; (v) modules that may be embedded within other devices; (vi) A receiver, cellular telephone, wireless device, handset, or mobile unit; (vii) others, and so forth.

The method and the device provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to terminal equipment or access network equipment (which can be collectively called wireless equipment). The terminal device or access network device or wireless device may include a hardware layer, an operating system layer running above the hardware layer, and an application layer running above the operating system layer. The hardware layer includes hardware such as a CPU, a memory management unit (memory management unit, MMU), and a memory (also referred to as a main memory). The operating system may be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processes through processes (processes), such as a Linux operating system, a Unix operating system, an Android operating system, an iOS operating system, or a windows operating system. The application layer comprises applications such as a browser, an address book, word processing software, instant messaging software and the like. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application is not limited to a specific structure of an execution body of the method, as long as the execution body of the method of the embodiment of the present application can communicate in the method of transmitting a signal according to the embodiment of the present application by executing a program recorded with a code of the method of the embodiment of the present application, and for example, the execution body of the method of wireless communication of the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal device or an access network device, or may be a functional module in the terminal device or the access network device that can call the program and execute the program.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Furthermore, various aspects or features of embodiments of the present application may be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein encompasses a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, or magnetic strips, etc.), optical disks (e.g., compact disk, CD, digital versatile disk, digital versatile disc, DVD, etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory, EPROM), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc. Additionally, various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" can include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instruction(s) and/or data.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the present application, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic of the processes, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application may be essentially or, what contributes to the prior art, or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or an access network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.

The foregoing is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art may easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the embodiments of the present application, and all changes and substitutions are included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, comprising:

channel coding is carried out on a first codeword of K elements to obtain a second codeword of N elements, wherein N/2 elements of the second codeword are third codewords, the third codewords are obtained by a first part of the first codeword through a first coding mode, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are fourth codewords, the fourth codeword is a result of (a+b) mod A, a represents a codeword obtained by a second part of the first codeword through a second coding mode, b represents the third codeword, the first part is M elements of the first codeword, the second part is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, N and K are positive integers, and N > K and A is an integer greater than 1;

Generating a first signal using the second codeword;

and transmitting the first signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first codeword is part of an information element to be transmitted.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delsarte-golthanals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

6. A signal transmission method, comprising:

code word for K elements

Performing channel coding to obtain N-element code words +.>

Wherein said channel coding is such that said +.>

And->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]For code word->

N/2 elements of (a)>

For code word->

The remaining N/2 elements of +.>

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the third encoding scheme,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is composed of->

For the code word->

Is the code word +.>

For the code word->

using the codeword

Generating a first signal;

and transmitting the first signal.

7. According to claimThe method of 6, wherein the codeword

Is part of the information element to be transmitted.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 or 7, wherein at least one of the third coding scheme and the fifth coding scheme is a Delsarte-golthanals code or a Kerdock code.

10. A signal receiving method, comprising:

receiving a first signal;

the first signal is generated by a second codeword of N elements, the second codeword is satisfied, N/2 elements of the second codeword are third codewords, the third codewords are obtained by a first portion of a first codeword through a first coding mode, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are fourth codewords, the fourth codewords are the result of (a+b) mod a, wherein a represents a codeword obtained by a second portion of the first codeword through a second coding mode, b represents the third codeword, the first portion is M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except for the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and a is an integer greater than 1;

And carrying out channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a first codeword with K elements, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first codeword is a portion of a received information element.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

13. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

14. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delsarte-golthanals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

15. A signal receiving method, comprising:

receiving a first signal;

the first signal is a codeword of N elements

Generating, codeword->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

Code words obtained by the third coding mode, are encoded>

Is composed of->

Code word obtained by the fourth coding mode, < >>

Is composed of->

The code word obtained by the fifth coding mode is coded, wherein at least one of the third coding mode and the fifth coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]For code word->

N/2 elements of (a)>

For code word->

The remaining N/2 elements of (3);

channel decoding the first signal to obtain code words of K elements

Wherein the code word->

For the code word

Is the code word +.>

For the code word->

The rest K-B elements in the formula (I) are B, wherein B is an integer greater than 0 and less than K, N and K are positive integers, N>K, A is an integer greater than 1.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the codeword is a codeword

Is part of the received information element.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

18. The method of claim 15 or 16, wherein at least one of the third coding scheme and the fifth coding scheme is a Delsarte-golethane code or a Kerdock code.

19. A signal receiving method, comprising:

receiving a first signal;

Performing channel decoding on a fourth codeword in the second codewords of the N elements to obtain a first channel decoding result;

performing channel decoding on a third codeword in the second codeword of the N elements according to the first channel decoding result to obtain a second channel decoding result;

and obtaining a first codeword of K elements according to the first channel decoding result and the second channel decoding result, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first codeword is a portion of a received information element.

21. The method of claim 19 or 20, wherein the third codeword is a first N/2 elements of the second codeword and a fourth codeword is a last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

22. The method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

Is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

23. The method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delsarte-golthanals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

24. A communication device, comprising:

a processor, configured to perform channel coding on a first codeword with K elements to obtain a second codeword with N elements, where N/2 elements of the second codeword are third codewords, the third codewords are obtained by a first portion of the first codeword through a first coding manner, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are fourth codewords, the fourth codewords are results of (a+b) mod a, where a represents a codeword obtained by a second portion of the first codeword through a second coding manner, b represents the third codeword, the first portion is M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except for the M elements, at least one of the first coding manner and the second coding manner is a nonlinear coding manner, N and K are positive integers, N > K is an integer greater than 1;

The processor is further configured to generate a first signal using the second codeword;

and the transceiver is used for transmitting the first signal.

25. The communication device of claim 24, wherein the first codeword is part of an information element to be transmitted.

26. The communication device of claim 24 or 25, wherein the third codeword is a first N/2 elements of the second codeword and a fourth codeword is a last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

27. A communication device according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word- >

28. The communication device according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delsarte-golthanals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

29. A communication device, comprising:

a processor for code words of K elements

Performing channel coding to obtain N-element code words +.>

Wherein said channel coding is such that said +.>

And->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]For code word->

N/2 elements of (a)>

For code word->

The remaining N/2 elements of +.>

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the third encoding scheme,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is composed of->

For the code word->

Is the code word +.>

For the code word->

the processor is further configured to use the code Word(s)

Generating a first signal;

and the transceiver is used for transmitting the first signal.

30. The communication device of claim 29, wherein the codeword comprises

Is part of the information element to be transmitted.

31. A communication device according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

32. The communication device according to claim 29 or 30, wherein at least one of the third coding scheme and the fifth coding scheme is a Delsarte-golthanals code or a Kerdock code.

33. A communication device, comprising:

a transceiver for receiving a first signal;

the first signal is generated by a second codeword of N elements, the second codeword is satisfied, the first N/2 elements of the second codeword are third codewords, the third codewords are obtained by a first part of a first codeword through a first coding mode, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are fourth codewords, the fourth codewords are the result of (a+b) mod a, wherein a represents codewords obtained by a second part of the first codeword through a second coding mode, b represents the third codewords, the first part is the first M elements of the first codeword, the second part is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except the first M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and a is an integer greater than 1;

and the processor is used for carrying out channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a first codeword with K elements, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is more than K.

34. The communication device of claim 33, wherein the first codeword is part of a received information element.

35. The communication device of claim 33 or 34, wherein the third codeword is a first N/2 elements of the second codeword and a fourth codeword is a last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

36. A communication device according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

37. The communication device according to claim 33 or 34, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delsarte-golthanals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

38. A communication device, comprising:

a transceiver for receiving a first signal;

the first signal is a codeword of N elements

Generating, codeword->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

Code word obtained by coding in third coding mode，/>

Is composed of->

Code word obtained by the fourth coding mode, < >>

Is composed of->

Encoding the resulting codeword by a fifth encoding scheme, wherein [ y ] ₁ ,y ₂ ,…,y _N/2 ]For code word->

N/2 elements of (a)>

For code word->

At least one of the rest N/2 elements, the third coding mode and the fifth coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode;

a processor for performing channel decoding on the first signal to obtain K element code words

Wherein the code word->

For the code word->

Is the code word +.>

For the code word->

39. The communication device of claim 38, wherein the codeword is a codeword

Is part of the received information element.

40. A communication device as claimed in claim 38 or 39, characterized in that,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

The remaining E/2 elements of said codeword +.>

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

41. The communication device of claim 38 or 39, wherein at least one of the third and fifth encoding schemes is a Delsarte-golthanals code or a Kerdock code.

42. A communication device, comprising:

a transceiver for receiving a first signal;

The processor is used for carrying out channel decoding on a fourth codeword in the second codeword of the N elements to obtain a first channel decoding result;

the processor is further configured to perform channel decoding on a third codeword in the second codewords of the N elements according to the first channel decoding result, to obtain a second channel decoding result;

the processor is further configured to obtain a first codeword with K elements according to the first channel decoding result and the second channel decoding result, where N and K are positive integers, and N > K.

43. The communication device of claim 42, wherein the first codeword is part of a received information element.

44. The communication device of claim 42 or 43,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, said nonlinear coding is such that said ++>

And said->

Satisfy (S)>

Wherein->

Representing modulo A addition, ++>

Is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the eighteenth encoding means,

is composed of->

The resulting codeword is encoded by the nineteenth encoding,

is composed of->

E/2 elements of (E),. About.>

For code word->

Residual E-

2 elements, the code word

For the code word->

Is said codeword +.>

For the code word->

45. A communication device as defined in claim 42 or 43, wherein the first encoding scheme is a Delsarte-Goethane code and the second encoding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

46. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-9.

47. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 10-23.