CN111411924B - Intelligent perforation initiation method and device and intelligent perforation initiation water well - Google Patents
Intelligent perforation initiation method and device and intelligent perforation initiation water well Download PDFInfo
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- CN111411924B CN111411924B CN201911247764.XA CN201911247764A CN111411924B CN 111411924 B CN111411924 B CN 111411924B CN 201911247764 A CN201911247764 A CN 201911247764A CN 111411924 B CN111411924 B CN 111411924B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
- E21B43/1185—Ignition systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
- E21B43/1185—Ignition systems
- E21B43/11857—Ignition systems firing indication systems
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent detonation method and an intelligent detonation device for perforation and an intelligent detonation water-oil well for perforation, wherein the intelligent detonation method for perforation comprises the following steps: sending a detonation signal; the plurality of detonating mechanisms respectively receive the detonating signals, and determine to-be-detonated mechanisms from the plurality of detonating mechanisms according to the detonating signals; controlling the mechanism to be detonated to detonate according to the detonation signal so as to perform perforation by the perforating gun; wherein the detonation signal is a wireless signal; the problems that the conventional perforation initiation technology is high in cost and cannot meet the technical requirements of special wells are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of perforation initiation, in particular to an intelligent perforation initiation method and device and an intelligent perforation initiation water-oil well.
Background
In recent years, with the stricter safety and environmental protection situation of oil fields, the application range and scale of the oil pipe conveying type perforation are increased year by year due to the characteristic of easy well control. Compared with the cable conveying type perforation, the cost of the oil pipe conveying type perforation is greatly increased, and the cost mainly shows in two aspects of the cost of the detonating equipment and the auxiliary equipment. At present, the detonating equipment used for the oil pipe conveying type perforation mainly comprises a detonating device, a time delay device, a safety device, a detonating device (detonator), a delay tube and other initiating explosive devices, and the devices are all disposable consumables. Wherein the priming device is a firing mechanism and is internally provided with a detonator. The initiation mode mainly comprises two methods of impact ignition and pressure ignition. The technical principle is that when a piston in the initiation device is impacted and under the action of pressure, the piston is sheared off and fixed by a limit pin, the piston moves downwards, and a firing pin at the end part of the piston impacts a detonator, so that the detonator is excited to fire, a perforating gun is further initiated, and the process technology of perforating is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an intelligent perforation initiation method and device and an intelligent perforation initiation water-oil well, so as to solve the problems that the conventional perforation initiation technology is high in cost and cannot meet the technical requirements of special wells at present.
In a first aspect, the invention provides an intelligent perforation initiation method, which comprises the following steps:
sending a detonation signal;
the plurality of detonating mechanisms respectively receive the detonating signals, and determine to-be-detonated mechanisms from the plurality of detonating mechanisms according to the detonating signals;
controlling the mechanism to be detonated to detonate according to the detonation signal so as to perform perforation by the perforating gun;
wherein the detonation signal is a wireless signal.
Preferably, the method for determining the mechanism to be detonated from the plurality of initiation mechanisms according to the detonation signal comprises the following steps:
and judging whether the detonation signal is consistent with a preset signal or not, and if so, determining that the detonation signal is the mechanism to be detonated.
Preferably, before said sending a detonation signal, running a number of initiation mechanisms and said perforating gun into the well; and after the perforating gun strings of the plurality of detonating mechanisms are respectively aligned with the target layers, the detonating signals are sent.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an intelligent initiation device for perforation, which is applied to the intelligent initiation method for perforation, and comprises the following steps:
the signal generator is wirelessly connected with the signal receiving mechanisms of the plurality of detonation mechanisms and is used for sending detonation signals;
the signal receiving mechanisms of the plurality of detonation mechanisms respectively receive the detonation signals;
the plurality of detonation mechanisms are also connected with a plurality of perforating guns; and the plurality of detonation mechanisms determine a mechanism to be detonated from the plurality of detonation mechanisms according to the detonation signal, and control the perforating gun to perforate.
Preferably, the intelligent perforation initiation device further comprises:
a power source;
the power supply is connected with the signal generator;
the power supply intermittently controls the signal generator to work or not work in a set power supply and non-power supply mode to generate the detonation signal.
Preferably, the power supply comprises: a coding controller;
and the coding controller is used for intermittently controlling the power supply and the signal generator to be communicated or not to be communicated in a set power supply and non-power supply mode to generate the detonation signal.
Preferably, the plurality of detonating mechanisms are detonators, and/or
The detonation signal is a wireless sound wave or electromagnetic wave signal.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an oil pipe conveyed perforating intelligent priming oil well, comprising:
the intelligent detonating device for the perforation is characterized in that the intelligent detonating device for the perforation is an intelligent detonating device; and
the signal generator is installed at one end of the tubing string, and the signal receiving mechanism is installed at the other end of the tubing string.
Preferably, a distance adjusting mechanism is arranged between the perforating gun strings and used for adjusting the distance between the perforating gun strings.
Preferably, the distance adjusting mechanism is an interlayer oil pipe, and the distance between perforating gun strings connected to two ends of the interlayer oil pipe is adjusted by changing the length of the interlayer oil pipe.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an intelligent perforation initiation method and device and an intelligent perforation initiation water well, and aims to solve the problems that the conventional perforation initiation technology is high in cost and cannot meet the technical requirements of special wells at present.
Only the ignition detonator (namely, the detonation mechanism) is a disposable consumable product, namely, the electric detonation device, compared with the prior physical detonation device, the invention greatly reduces the application amount of the prior detonation device, a time delay device, a safety device, a pump truck and other devices required by detonation, and greatly reduces the detonation cost of oil pipe conveying type perforation; compared with the conventional oil pipe conveying type perforation initiation technology, the method does not need to cast a rod in the oil pipe or press and initiate by a pump truck, and can better meet the technical requirements of special wells such as perforation-test combined operation, hole patching-pump-down combined operation and the like.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an intelligent initiation method for perforation according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent perforating initiation device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an oil pipe conveyed perforating intelligent initiation water-oil well according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below based on examples, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth. However, the present invention may be fully understood by those skilled in the art for those parts not described in detail.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of illustrating the invention, features and advantages thereof, and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Also, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, the meaning of "includes but is not limited to".
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an intelligent perforation initiation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, an intelligent initiation method for perforation includes: step S1 sending a detonation signal; step S2, a plurality of detonation mechanisms respectively receive the detonation signals, and determine a mechanism to be detonated from the plurality of detonation mechanisms according to the detonation signals; step S3, controlling the mechanism to be detonated to detonate according to the detonation signal, and further carrying out perforation by the perforating gun; wherein the detonation signal is a wireless signal. The problems that the conventional perforation initiation technology is high in cost and cannot meet the technical requirements of special wells are solved.
The invention provides an intelligent perforation initiation method, and the method for determining a mechanism to be detonated from a plurality of initiation mechanisms according to the detonation signal in the step S2 comprises the following steps: and judging whether the detonation signal is consistent with a preset signal or not, and if so, determining that the detonation signal is the mechanism to be detonated. Specifically, the underground control device judges whether the detonation signal is consistent with a preset signal or not, and sends an ignition instruction after the detonation signal is consistent with the preset signal or not, a power supply of the underground control device transmits ignition current to the mechanism to be detonated so as to excite the mechanism to be detonated, and the mechanism to be detonated can select a detonator. In the invention, the plurality of detonation mechanisms may be separate from the downhole control device, and the plurality of detonation mechanisms may also include an existing downhole control device. The underground control device can use a singlechip as a core control mechanism, and the singlechip can select the most commonly used singlechip of C8051 type. The single chip microcomputer comprises a memory, and the preset signal can be stored in the memory in a coding mode.
That is, the detonators can be selected from a plurality of detonating mechanisms, and when the to-be-detonated mechanism is determined, the detonating signal controls the to-be-detonated mechanism to detonate, so that the perforating gun performs perforating.
And judging whether the detonation signal is consistent with a preset signal or whether signal receiving mechanisms of the plurality of detonation mechanisms respectively receive the detonation signal, judging whether the received detonation signal is consistent with the preset signal, namely judging whether the received detonation signal is the same as or matched with the preset signal substantially, and sending an ignition instruction to detonate the perforating gun to perform perforation when the received detonation signal is the same as or matched with the preset signal.
More specifically, the detonation signal may be a coded signal, and the preset signal is also a coded signal, for example, the preset signal is 10001000, if it is desired to preset the mechanism to be detonated, the code of the detonation signal is also 10001000, the plurality of detonation mechanisms respectively receive the detonation signal, then the plurality of detonation mechanisms determine whether the detonation signal is consistent with the preset signal, if so, the mechanism to be detonated sends an ignition instruction, and the perforating gun is detonated.
According to the intelligent detonation method for the perforation, provided by the invention, a plurality of detonation mechanisms and the perforation gun are put into a well before a detonation signal is sent; and after the perforating gun strings of the plurality of detonating mechanisms are respectively aligned with the target layers, the detonating signals are sent.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent perforating initiation device according to an embodiment of the invention. The intelligent detonation device for the perforation is applied to the intelligent detonation method for the perforation, and comprises the following steps: the signal generator 2 is wirelessly connected with the signal receiving mechanisms 4 of the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 and is used for sending detonation signals; the signal receiving mechanisms 4 of the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 respectively receive the detonation signals; the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 are also connected with a plurality of perforating guns 6; the signal receiving mechanism 4 in the plurality of detonating mechanisms 5 determines a mechanism to be detonated from the plurality of detonating mechanisms according to the detonating signals and controls the perforating gun 6 to perforate. The problems that the conventional perforation initiation technology is high in cost and cannot meet the technical requirements of special wells are solved.
In fig. 2 disclosed in this embodiment, the intelligent perforation initiation device further includes: a power supply 1; the power supply 1 is connected with the signal generator 2; the power supply 1 intermittently controls the signal generator 2 to operate or not to operate by a set power supply and non-power supply mode, and generates a detonation signal.
In fig. 2 disclosed in the present embodiment, specifically, the power supply 1 includes: a coding controller; and the coding controller is used for intermittently controlling the power supply 1 and the signal generator 2 to be communicated or not to be communicated in a set power supply and non-power supply mode to generate the detonation signal.
In fig. 2 disclosed in this embodiment, the plurality of ignition mechanisms 5 are detonators and/or the ignition signal is a wireless acoustic wave or electromagnetic wave signal.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the intelligent perforation initiation device comprises: a power supply 1; the power supply 1 is connected with the signal generator 2, the signal generator 2 is also connected with the signal receiving mechanism 4, the signal receiving mechanism 4 is connected with the plurality of detonating mechanisms 5, and the plurality of detonating mechanisms 5 are connected with the perforating gun 6; the power supply 1 is used for supplying power to the signal generator 2; specifically, the signal generator 2 is wirelessly connected with the signal receiving mechanisms 4 of the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 and is used for sending detonation signals; the signal receiving mechanisms 4 of the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 respectively receive the detonation signals, and the underground control device determines the mechanisms to be detonated from the plurality of detonation mechanisms according to the detonation signals; and the underground control device controls the mechanism to be detonated to detonate according to the detonation signal, so that the perforating gun 6 performs perforation.
Only the initiation mechanism 5 (detonator can be selected) is a disposable consumable, namely, the invention is an electric ignition device, compared with the prior physical ignition device, the invention greatly reduces the application amount of the prior initiation device, a time delay device, a safety device, a pump truck required by initiation and the like, and greatly reduces the initiation cost of oil pipe conveying type perforation; compared with the conventional oil pipe conveying type perforation initiation technology, the method does not need to cast a rod in the oil pipe or press and initiate by a pump truck, and can better meet the technical requirements of special wells such as perforation-test combined operation, hole patching-pump-down combined operation and the like.
In fig. 2, the signal receiving mechanism 4 is connected to an existing downhole control device, and when the downhole control device determines whether the detonation signal is consistent with a preset signal, an ignition instruction is issued, and a power supply of the downhole control device transmits an ignition current to the detonation device, so as to excite a detonator (a plurality of detonation mechanisms 5). The fact that the detonation signal received by the underground control device is matched with the preset signal is that whether the received detonation signal is the same as or matched with the preset signal or not is judged, and when the received detonation signal is the same as or matched with the preset signal, the underground control device sends an ignition instruction to detonate the perforating gun 6.
And electric ignition detonators are arranged in the plurality of ignition mechanisms 5 and are used for igniting the perforating gun 6. When a plurality of detonating mechanisms 5 receive the current of the underground control device, the detonators fire, and then the perforator 6 is detonated.
In fig. 2, each of the plurality of detonating mechanisms 5 is connected or fitted with one of the signal receiving mechanisms 4 and one of the perforating guns 6. The perforating gun 6 comprises: a plurality of perforating gun strings; the signal generator 2 is used for respectively sending detonation signals to the signal receiving mechanisms 4; the signal receiving mechanisms 4 of the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 are used for respectively receiving the detonation signals, and the underground control device determines the mechanisms to be detonated from the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 according to the detonation signals and controls the mechanisms to be detonated according to the detonation signals so as to detonate, and then the perforating gun 6 conducts perforation.
In fig. 2, the detonation signal is a wireless acoustic wave or an electromagnetic wave signal. A signal generator is a device that can provide electrical signals of various frequencies, waveforms and output levels. The device is used as a signal source or an excitation source for testing when measuring amplitude characteristics, frequency characteristics, transmission characteristics and other electrical parameters of various telecommunication systems or telecommunication equipment and when measuring characteristics and parameters of components. That is, the signal generator is also called a signal source or an oscillator, and has a wide application in production practice and technical field. Various wave curves can be expressed by trigonometric functions. A circuit capable of generating various waveforms such as a triangular wave, a sawtooth wave, a rectangular wave (including a square wave), and a sine wave is called a function signal generator.
In fig. 2, the power source 1 is wirelessly connected to the signal generator 2, or/and the signal generator 2 is wirelessly connected to the signal receiving means 4.
The signal receiving mechanism 4 includes: the wireless data transmission module and the signal receiving mechanism 4 are connected with the existing underground control device. The wireless data transmission module can be selected from a LoRa6102PRO strong anti-interference wireless data transmission module. The signal receiving mechanism 4 is used for receiving a command signal (detonation signal) sent by the signal generator 2 of the ground wellhead, the underground control device carries out filtering, demodulation and other processing on the command signal (detonation signal), when the received signal is matched with a preset signal, an ignition command is sent, and a power supply of the control device transmits ignition current to the mechanism to be detonated, so that the mechanism to be detonated is excited.
The LoRa Pro module is a series of upgraded networking wireless communication modules which are newly proposed for wireless, is developed based on an SX127X chip of Semtech company, adopts an advanced LoRa TM spread spectrum modulation frequency hopping technology, has high receiving sensitivity, ensures that the penetration capability and the communication distance of the LoRa Pro module far exceed the current general FSK and GFSK products, and has stronger anti-interference performance.
In fig. 2, the plurality of detonating mechanisms 5 include: a first detonating mechanism 5-1 and a second detonating mechanism 5-2; the plurality of perforating gun strings comprise: the first stage perforating gun string 6-1 and the second stage perforating gun string 6-2, and the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 and the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 are exemplified for explanation.
In fig. 2, the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 is connected to the signal generator 2 and the first detonation mechanism 5-1, respectively, and the first detonation mechanism 5-1 is connected to the first stage perforating gun string 6-1.
In fig. 2, the second signal receiving means 4-2 is connected to the signal generator 2 and the second initiation means 5-2, respectively, and the second initiation means 5-2 is connected to the second stage perforating gun string 6-2.
In fig. 2, the signal generator 2 is configured to send a first detonation signal and a second detonation signal to the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 and the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2, respectively; the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 and the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 are used for respectively receiving the detonation signals, the underground control device determines a mechanism to be detonated from the plurality of detonation mechanisms according to the detonation signals, controls the mechanism to be detonated according to the detonation signals to detonate, and then the perforating gun 6 conducts perforation.
If the mechanism to be detonated is the first detonating mechanism 5-1, the underground control device controls the mechanism to be detonated to detonate, and further the first-stage perforating gun string 6-1 is perforated.
If the mechanism to be detonated is the two detonating mechanisms 5-2, the underground control device controls the mechanism to be detonated to detonate, further controls the mechanism to be detonated to detonate, and further controls the second-stage perforating gun string 6-2 to perforate.
In fig. 2, the power supply 1 intermittently controls the signal generator 2 to work or not work by a set power supply and non-power supply mode; the detonation signal sent by the signal generator 2 is a set detonation signal.
In fig. 2, the power supply 1 includes: a coding controller; and the coding controller is used for intermittently controlling the connection or disconnection between the power supply 1 and the signal generator 2 in a set power supply and non-power supply mode.
And the coding controller of the power supply 1 is used for starting the signal generator 2 to send out signals. Meanwhile, the encoding controller can set a specific binary code, so that the signal generator 2 is controlled to send out a specific encoding signal, and the signal receiving mechanisms 4 in a plurality of wells are controlled.
More specifically, the coding controller can set a first code which supplies power to the signal generator 2 for 3 seconds and does not supply power for 5 seconds, at this time, a signal sent by the signal generator 2 is a first detonation signal, the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 receives the first detonation signal, the downhole control device identifies the first detonation signal, the downhole control device judges that the first detonation signal is a first preset signal, and the downhole control device controls the first-stage perforating gun string 6-1 to perform perforating.
Specifically, the power supply 1 controls to supply power to the signal generator 2, the power supply 1 supplies power to the signal generator 2 for 5 seconds and does not supply power for 5 seconds, at the moment, the signal sent by the signal generator 2 is a second detonation signal, the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 receives the second detonation signal, the downhole control device identifies the second detonation signal, the downhole control device judges that the second detonation signal is a second preset signal, and the downhole control device controls the second-stage perforating gun string 6-2 to perform perforating.
The encoding controller can adopt an RE2801XB-H01 model encoding controller produced by Dongguan forest product, the industrial investment Limited company, and the pulse number/positioning is as follows: 15/30.
Or the power supply 1, comprising: the time relay sets the time (power supply time and non-power supply time) controlled intermittently in a power supply and non-power supply mode, the high-level 5V is connected with a coil of the time relay, one end of a normally open contact of the time relay is connected with the signal generator 2, and the other end of the normally open contact of the time relay is connected with the power supply 1. When the time reaches the set power supply time, the power supply 1 is required to be disconnected, and the normally open contact of the time relay is not attracted to control the signal generator 2 not to be connected with the power supply 1; when the time reaches the set non-power supply time, the power supply 1 is required to be closed, and the normally open contact of the time relay is closed to control the signal generator 2 to be connected with the power supply 1.
If the invention can also include the one-chip computer (controller), the time relay is the electrical relay, the one-chip computer (controller) times the time, the carry-out terminal of the one-chip computer (controller) is connected with coil of the electrical relay, the one-chip computer (controller) judges whether the time reaches the power supply time presumed, reach the power supply time presumed when the time, need the power 1 to cut off at this moment, the one-chip computer (controller) sends the low level 0V to the coil of the electrical relay, the normally open contact of the electrical relay is cut off in order to control signal generator 2 and power 1 not to connect; the single chip microcomputer (controller) judges whether the time reaches the set non-power supply time or not, when the time reaches the set non-power supply time, the power supply 1 needs to be communicated, the single chip microcomputer (controller) sends a high level 5V to a coil of the relay, and a normally open contact of the relay is attracted to control the signal generator 2 to be communicated with the power supply 1.
In fig. 2, the signal generator 2 is configured to send a first detonation signal and a second detonation signal to the first signal receiving means 4-1 and the second signal receiving means 4-2, respectively.
In fig. 2, the plurality of detonating mechanisms 5 can be selected from detonators, and the detonators perform detonating to control the perforating gun 6 to perform perforating.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an oil pipe conveyed perforating intelligent initiation water-oil well according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, an oil pipe conveyed perforation intelligent priming water well comprises: the intelligent detonating device for the perforation is characterized in that the intelligent detonating device for the perforation is an intelligent detonating device; and the signal generator 2 is arranged at one end of a tubing string 3, and the other end of the tubing string 3 is the signal receiving mechanism 4.
In fig. 3, a signal receiving mechanism 4 and the perforating gun 6 are respectively connected to each of the plurality of detonating mechanisms 5. The perforating gun 6 comprises: a plurality of perforating gun strings. The signal generator 2 is used for respectively sending detonation signals to the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5; the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 respectively receive the detonation signals through the signal receiving mechanism 4, the underground control device determines to-be-detonated mechanisms from the plurality of detonation mechanisms 5 according to the detonation signals, controls the to-be-detonated mechanisms to detonate according to the detonation signals, and then the perforating gun 6 conducts perforation.
And a distance adjusting mechanism is arranged between the perforating gun strings and is used for adjusting the distance between the perforating gun strings.
In fig. 3, the distance adjusting mechanism is a sandwiched oil pipe 7, and the distance between perforating gun strings connected to two ends of the sandwiched oil pipe 7 is adjusted by changing the length of the sandwiched oil pipe 7.
In fig. 3, the other end of the tubing string 3 is mounted at one end of the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 or the first-stage signal receiving mechanism by a thread, and the other end of the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 or the first-stage signal receiving mechanism is connected with one end of the first detonating mechanism 5-1 or the first-stage detonating mechanism by a thread. The first detonating mechanism 5-1 or the first-stage detonating mechanism can be selected from or internally provided with a detonator.
In fig. 3, the other end of the first detonating mechanism 5-1 or the first-stage detonating mechanism is in threaded connection with one end of the first-stage perforating gun string 6-1, and the other end of the first-stage perforating gun string 6-1 is in threaded connection with one end of the interlayer oil pipe 7. The other end of the interlayer oil pipe 7 is in threaded connection with one end of the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 or the second-stage signal receiving mechanism. The other end of the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 or the second-stage signal receiving mechanism is in threaded connection with one end of the second detonating mechanism 5-2 or the second-stage detonating mechanism, and the other end of the second detonating mechanism 5-2 or the second-stage detonating mechanism is in threaded connection with the second-stage perforating gun string 6-2. The second detonating mechanism 5-2 or the second detonating mechanism can be selected or internally provided with a detonator.
In fig. 3, the oil pipe 7 is used for adjusting the distance between the first-stage perforating gun string 6-1 and the second-stage perforating gun string 6-2.
In fig. 2 and 2, the second signal receiving means 4-2, or second stage signal receiving means, is also used to receive the wireless acoustic wave or electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the signal generating device 2. However, the first signal receiving means 4-1 or the first stage signal receiving means and the second signal receiving means 4-2 or the second stage signal receiving means receive the duty ratio of the wireless acoustic wave or electromagnetic wave signal.
According to the invention, a tubing string 3, a first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 or a first-stage signal receiving mechanism, a first detonating mechanism 5-1 or a first-stage detonating mechanism, a first perforating gun string 6-1, an interlayer oil pipe 7, a second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 or a second-stage signal receiving mechanism, a second detonating mechanism 5-2 or a second-stage detonating mechanism and a second-stage perforating gun string 6-2 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
And after the first-stage perforating gun string 6-1 and the second-stage perforating gun string 6-2 are aligned to an oil layer to be perforated, fixing the signal generator 2 on an oil pipe head of the oil pipe column 3. And then the coding controller in the power supply 1 is connected with the data line of the signal generator 2, and the latter connects the singlechip, the power supply 1 and the signal generator 2 in the way. The following description will take the code controller as an example, and will take the 2-stage perforation as an example.
Firstly, the coding controller sends an instruction matched with a preset signal of the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 to the signal generator 2. The signal generator 2 sends a detonation signal downhole that matches the second signal receiving means 4-2. The second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 receives the detonation signal, the underground control device carries out filtering, demodulation and other processing on the detonation signal, when the received detonation signal is matched with a preset signal, an ignition instruction is sent, and a power supply of the underground control device transmits ignition current to the second signal receiving mechanism 5-2, so that a detonator in the second detonation mechanism 5-2 is excited, and the second-stage perforating gun string 6-2 is detonated.
The coding controller sends a detonation signal matched with the preset signal to the signal generator 2. The signal generator 2 sends a predetermined signal matched to the first signal receiving means 4-1 downhole. After the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 receives the detonation signal, the underground control device carries out filtering, demodulation and other processing, when the received detonation signal is matched with a preset signal, an ignition instruction is sent, and a power supply of the underground control device transmits ignition current to excite a detonator in the first detonation mechanism 5-1 so as to detonate the first-stage perforating gun string 6-1.
In the process of using the invention, the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 or the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 and the detonating device (the first detonating mechanism 5-1 or the second detonating device 5-2) of the invention are put into the well together with the perforating gun string (perforating gun 6), the tubing string 3 and other tools. When a perforating gun string (perforating gun 6) is aligned to a target layer, the ground device sends a specific detonation signal to the underground through the signal generating device 2, the first signal receiving mechanism 4-1 or the second signal receiving mechanism 4-2 receives the signal, the underground control device judges whether the received detonation signal is the same as or matched with a preset signal or not, and when the received detonation signal is the same as or matched with the preset signal, an ignition instruction is sent out to detonate the perforating gun 6.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely embodiments for expressing the invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, substitutions of equivalents, improvements and the like can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An intelligent perforation initiation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a plurality of detonating mechanisms and perforating guns are put into the well;
when perforating gun strings of the plurality of detonating mechanisms are aligned to a target layer, a detonating signal is sent;
the plurality of detonating mechanisms respectively receive the detonating signals, and determine to-be-detonated mechanisms from the plurality of detonating mechanisms according to the detonating signals;
controlling the mechanism to be detonated to detonate according to the detonation signal so as to perform perforation by the perforating gun;
the method for determining the mechanism to be detonated from the plurality of detonating mechanisms according to the detonating signal comprises the following steps:
judging whether the detonation signal is consistent with preset signals of a plurality of detonation mechanisms or not; if the detonation signals are consistent with the preset signals, determining the detonation mechanism with the detonation signals consistent with the preset signals as the mechanism to be detonated;
the construction method of the detonation signal comprises the following steps:
the encoding controller is used for timing time, and the output end of the encoding controller is connected with a coil of the relay;
the encoding controller judges whether the time reaches the set power supply time or not, when the time reaches the set power supply time, the encoding controller sends a low level to a coil of the relay, and a normally open contact of the relay is disconnected so as to control a signal generator not to be connected with a power supply;
the encoding controller judges whether the time reaches the set non-power supply time or not, when the time reaches the set non-power supply time, the encoding controller sends a high level to a coil of the relay, and a normally open contact of the relay is attracted to control the signal generator to be connected with the power supply;
wherein the detonation signal is a wireless signal.
2. A perforation intelligent initiation device is characterized by comprising:
a signal generator (2);
the signal generator (2) is wirelessly connected with the signal receiving mechanisms (4) of the plurality of detonation mechanisms (5);
a plurality of initiation mechanisms and perforating guns are put into a well, and after perforating gun strings of the initiation mechanisms are aligned to a target layer, the signal generator (2) sends a detonation signal;
the signal receiving mechanisms (4) of the plurality of detonation mechanisms (5) respectively receive the detonation signals;
the plurality of detonation mechanisms (5) are also respectively connected with the plurality of perforating guns (6);
the plurality of detonation mechanisms (5) determine to-be-detonated mechanisms from the plurality of detonation mechanisms according to the detonation signals, and control the perforating gun (6) to perforate;
the detonation mechanisms (5) judge whether the detonation signals are consistent with preset signals of the detonation mechanisms; if the detonation signals are consistent with the preset signals, determining the detonation mechanism with the detonation signals consistent with the preset signals as the mechanism to be detonated;
the intelligent detonating device for perforation further comprises: a power supply (1); the power supply (1) is connected with the signal generator (2);
the power supply (1) intermittently controls the signal generator (2) to work or not work in a set power supply and non-power supply mode to generate the detonation signal;
the encoding controller is used for timing time, and the output end of the encoding controller is connected with a coil of the relay; the encoding controller judges whether the time reaches the set power supply time or not, when the time reaches the set power supply time, the encoding controller sends a low level to a coil of the relay, and a normally open contact of the relay is disconnected so as to control a signal generator not to be connected with a power supply; the encoding controller judges whether the time reaches the set non-power supply time or not, when the time reaches the set non-power supply time, the encoding controller sends a high level to a coil of the relay, and a normally open contact of the relay is attracted to control the signal generator to be connected with the power supply; to construct the detonation signal.
3. The intelligent detonating device for perforation according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the plurality of detonating mechanisms (5) are detonators;
and/or the presence of a gas in the interior of the container,
the detonation signal is a wireless sound wave or electromagnetic wave signal.
4. The utility model provides an oil pipe transport formula perforation intelligence detonating water oil well which characterized in that includes:
the perforating intelligent detonating device of any one of claims 2-3; and
the signal generator (2) is installed at one end of the tubing string (3), and the signal receiving mechanism (4) is installed at the other end of the tubing string (3).
5. The oil pipe conveyed perforation intelligent detonation water well according to claim 4, characterized in that:
and a distance adjusting mechanism is arranged between the perforating gun strings and is used for adjusting the distance between the perforating gun strings.
6. The oil pipe conveyed perforation intelligent detonation water well according to claim 5, characterized in that:
the distance adjusting mechanism is an interlayer oil pipe (7), and the distance between perforating gun strings connected with the two ends of the interlayer oil pipe (7) is adjusted by changing the length of the interlayer oil pipe (7).
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| CN112761593B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-09-16 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | Intelligent pressure control perforation and bridge plug combined operation method |
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