CN111400940B - Method for determining connection point of rear end structure of vehicle frame - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining a connection point of a frame rear end structure, which is used for determining the position of a frame body connection point of the rear end of a frame, and the determining method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional model of the frame rear end structure; importing the established three-dimensional model into finite element processing software to carry out finite element gridding processing and output a grid file; importing the grid file into simulation software, defining a simulation frequency interval, and simulating a frame modal graph under each order of frequency; and counting the rear end modal values of the vehicle frame in each order of vehicle frame modal graphs, and taking the position with the maximum low modal contact ratio in each area in different order modal graphs as the position of the connecting point. The connection point position determined by the determination method of the invention can realize the large rigid connection between the rear end of the frame and the vehicle body, realize the strength complementation of the frame and the vehicle body, and the frame and the vehicle body can bear the stress as a whole, thereby being beneficial to realizing the weight reduction design of the whole vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle design and development, in particular to a method for determining a connection point of a frame rear end structure.
Background
In the prior art, the automobile body structure is mainly divided into a load-bearing type automobile body and a non-load-bearing type automobile body. The bearing type vehicle body does not have a chassis structure which can bear external force independently, and only supports all parts by the vehicle body, namely the whole vehicle body is used as a whole without an independent girder design, the vehicle body is arranged on the vehicle body by a suspension through an auxiliary frame, and the load of the vehicle body is transmitted to wheels through a suspension device. The bearing type vehicle body structure has the advantages of light weight, high vehicle stability, low cost, light weight, low oil consumption, good comfort and the like, but the non-bearing type vehicle body structure also has the defects of poor vehicle body rigidity, particularly poor diagonal distortion resistance rigidity and the like.
The non-bearing body is also called as a chassis girder frame, which has an independent girder, namely a frame, and has a special chassis stress structure, and core components such as an engine, a transmission and the like are arranged on the frame. The frame as a whole is a foundation for supporting the whole vehicle, and the body part for the whole person to sit on is another whole on the whole structure. The vehicle frame and the vehicle body on the upper part are mainly connected by suspension, the vehicle frame is just like an upper berth and a lower berth in life, the chassis is the lower part, the vehicle body part is the upper part, and the vehicle body only bears the gravity of drivers and passengers without considering the auxiliary effect of the vehicle body on the vehicle frame.
The non-bearing type vehicle body has the advantages of independent vehicle frame, high chassis strength, good anti-bumping performance, non-uniform stress of the four wheels, and no transmission to the vehicle body, so the deformation of the carriage is small, the stability and the safety are good, and the noise in the carriage is low. However, the non-load-bearing type vehicle body structure also has the defects of being heavy, high in mass center of the vehicle and poor in high-speed running stability, particularly the heavy weight of the vehicle body structure causes higher cost of the whole vehicle, and the fuel consumption of the vehicle is always high when the vehicle is used.
With the continuous development of the electrification technology and the gradual shortage of petroleum resources, electric vehicles are gradually moving to the lives of people and are accepted by more and more people, and with the improvement of the living standard of people in China, vehicle types with large space, good stability and good safety, such as SUV vehicle types, are popular with more and more people, so that the electric SUV vehicle types are quietly popular products in the domestic automobile market.
For an electric vehicle, an important standard for measuring the quality of the electric vehicle is the duration of the endurance mileage, and if the electric vehicle wants to obtain a higher endurance mileage, a very important means for pursuing light weight by weight reduction design is not negligible. At this time, for a non-load-bearing electric vehicle model with a frame structure, if a relatively high rigid connection between the frame and the vehicle body can be performed, so that the connection rigidity between the frame and the vehicle body is improved, the strength complementation between the frame and the vehicle body is realized, and the characteristic similar to the load-bearing vehicle body structure is achieved, so that a relatively good whole vehicle weight reduction effect can be obtained.
However, in the prior art, it is difficult to determine the position of the connection point between the rear end of the frame and the vehicle body for the connection with great rigidity between the frame and the vehicle body, such as the connection between the rear end of the frame and the vehicle body, and no report related to this is found in the published documents.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for determining a connection point of a rear end structure of a vehicle frame, so as to determine a connection point position of the rear end structure of the vehicle frame, where the connection point is connected with a vehicle body with high rigidity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for determining a connection point of a frame rear end structure is used for determining the position of a connection point for connecting a frame and a vehicle body on the rear end of the frame, wherein the frame rear end structure comprises longitudinal beams arranged on two sides respectively, rear shock absorber towers connected to the longitudinal beams, a rear cross beam and a rear anti-collision beam assembly connected between the rear ends of the longitudinal beams on the two sides, a motor connected between the longitudinal beams on the two sides, and rear suspension mounting brackets respectively arranged on the longitudinal beams on the two sides;
and the connection points on the frame rear end structure are a plurality of connection points which are dispersedly arranged on different areas on the frame rear end, and the determination method of the connection point positions comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional model of a rear end structure of a frame according to a development design target of a whole vehicle;
s2, importing the established three-dimensional model of the rear end structure of the frame into finite element processing software, carrying out finite element meshing processing on the three-dimensional model file of the rear end structure of the frame by using the finite element processing software, and outputting a meshed grid file;
s3, importing the grid file output in the step S2 into modal simulation software, defining a simulation frequency interval, simulating the frame mode of the frame rear end model under each order frequency in the frequency interval by using the modal simulation software, and outputting a frame rear end mode graph under each order frequency;
and S4, counting modal values of all positions on the frame in the frame rear end modal graph corresponding to each order frequency, and taking the position with the maximum low modal coincidence degree in each area in the frame rear end modal graph under different order frequencies as the position of a connection point between the frame and the vehicle body in the area.
Further, the three-dimensional model of the rear end structure of the frame can be established through CATIA, UG or Pro/E, the finite element processing software is ANSA or HypermeSh, and the simulation software is NASTRAN or ABAQUS.
Further, the frequency range is from 1HZ to the natural frequency of the motor carried by the frame rear end structure.
Furthermore, the positions of the connection points of the vehicle bodies of the frames on the rear ends of the frames are symmetrically arranged relative to the width center line of the rear end structure of the frames.
Further, in step S4, the position of the vehicle body connection point is the position where the mode nodes overlap most in the region.
Further, the finite element meshing process in step S2 includes the following steps:
s21, removing redundant geometric figures including points, lines and round corners;
s22, performing a median plane drawing operation, and performing grid division on the median plane;
s23, creating a gridding division file and a quality inspection file to generate a grid, and inspecting the grid quality, correcting errors and poor-quality grids;
s24, separating the grid from the geometric model, deleting the originally imported frame structure model file, creating a welding unit and a rigid node, defining the material thickness and the material properties including the elastic modulus E, the NU Poisson' S ratio and the RHO density, and exporting the grid file.
Further, the simulation in step S3 includes the following steps:
s31, creating a frame model generated by the grid file with the selected and imported attributes, and defining the thickness of the material;
s32, giving the material attribute and the material thickness to the frame model;
s33, creating a simulation environment, and defining a simulation frequency interval;
and S34, the ND calculates the order in the frequency interval, a control guidance calculation link solver is created to carry out corresponding calculation commands, and a simulated vehicle frame modal diagram is derived.
Furthermore, the area on the rear end of the frame, which can be used as a connecting point between the frame and the vehicle body, at least meets the following conditions: easily the frame shaping does not influence the automobile body molding does benefit to the frame with assemble between the automobile body to and accord with the motorcycle type function definition.
Further, the vehicle type function definition comprises that the vehicle type function is a passenger vehicle or a goods vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method for determining the connection point of the frame rear end structure is based on the characteristic of small motor vibration, the model of the frame rear end is simulated, and the position with the largest low-modal contact ratio in each region is used as the connection point position, so that the weakest point of vibration superposition in each region of the frame can be used as the connection point between the frame and the vehicle body, the connection with large rigidity between the frame and the vehicle body can be performed due to the weak vibration of the connection point, the strength complementation of the frame and the vehicle body is realized, the integral bearing stress of the frame and the vehicle body can be realized, and the effect of the weight reduction design of the whole vehicle is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rear end of a vehicle frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure:
100-longitudinal beam, 101-rear shock absorber tower, 102-rear cross beam, 103-tower top support frame, 104-rear motor mounting bracket, 105-rear anti-collision beam, 106-reinforcing rod, 107-rear bottom guard plate.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
The embodiment relates to a method for determining a connection point of a frame rear end structure, which is used for determining the position of a connection point for connecting a frame and a vehicle body on the rear end of the frame. As shown in fig. 1, the rear end structure of the vehicle frame of the present embodiment includes side members 100 on both sides, a rear absorber tower 101 connected to the side members 100, respectively, and a rear cross member 102 and a rear impact beam 105 connected between the side members 100 on both sides. In order to improve the structural strength of the rear shock absorber tower 101, a tower top support frame 103 is also arranged on one side of the rear shock absorber tower 101, the tower top support frame 103 is connected between the rear shock absorber tower 101 and the longitudinal beams 100, rear motor mounting brackets 104 are fixedly connected to the tower top support frames 103 on the two sides respectively, and a motor in the rear end structure of the frame is connected between the rear motor mounting brackets 104 on the two sides so as to be directly fixedly connected with the longitudinal beams 100 on the two sides.
In the frame rear end structure of the present embodiment, a reinforcement bar 106 is provided behind the rear cross member 102 in a cross arrangement, and a rear floor panel 107 is also fixed to the rear cross member 102. In addition, in the present embodiment, rear suspension mounting brackets are also disposed on the longitudinal beams 100 on both sides in the rear end structure of the vehicle frame, the rear shock absorber tower 101 and the tower top support frame 104, and the arrangement and structure of these rear suspension mounting brackets can refer to the existing five-bar independent suspension structure, which will not be described herein again.
The structural connection point that is used for frame and automobile body connection of this embodiment rear end of the frame is a plurality of that the scatter arrangement is in the structural different regions of rear end of the frame to the accessible is at the connection of a plurality of different positions, realizes stable and reliable connection between frame and the automobile body, and then forms complete body construction.
Meanwhile, based on the above description of the frame structure, the method for determining the position of the connection point in the present embodiment includes the following steps as a whole. Before the following connection point position determining steps are introduced, it is to be noted that the establishment of the three-dimensional model of the rear end structure of the frame can be performed through CATIA, UG or Pro/E, the operation of finite element meshing can be performed through ANSA or HyperMeSh, and the modal simulation can be performed through NASTRAN or ABAQUS. In the embodiment, the whole determination method is described by specifically adopting CATIA modeling, ANSA for finite element meshing and NASTRAN for frame modal simulation as an example.
The method for determining the position of the connection point in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, modeling: according to the development and design target of the whole vehicle, a frame rear end structure model is established through CATIA software, namely a three-dimensional model drawing of the frame rear end is drawn, and the established frame rear end structure model is output as a frame structure model file in Stp format;
step S2, gridding treatment step: importing the frame rear end structure model file in the Stp format exported in the step S1 into ANSA software, carrying out finite element meshing on the imported frame rear end model file by using the ANSA software, and outputting a meshed grid file;
s3, simulation: importing the grid file output in the step S2 into NASTRAN software, defining a simulation frequency interval, simulating the frame mode of the frame rear end model under each order frequency in the frequency interval by using the NASTRAN software, and outputting a frame rear end mode diagram under each order frequency;
s4, analyzing and determining: and counting modal values of all positions on the rear end of the frame in a frame rear end modal graph corresponding to each order frequency output by NASTRAN software, and taking the position with the maximum low modal coincidence degree in each area in the frame rear end modal graph under different order frequencies as the position of a connection point between the frame and the vehicle body in the area, thereby obtaining the positions of the connection points between the frame and the vehicle body in different areas on the whole frame rear end structure.
For the above determining steps, in detail, the basic architecture of the vehicle type determined after the vehicle type pre-research is completed, the design objectives of each part and assembly, and the structural parameters based on the objectives, the architecture and each parameter can realize the establishment of the three-dimensional digital model of the rear end of the frame.
The finite element meshing process in step S2 specifically includes the following steps.
Step S21: removing redundant geometric figures containing points, lines and round corners;
step S22: performing a drawing operation on the middle surface, and performing mesh division on the middle surface;
step S23: creating a gridding partition file and a quality inspection file to generate a gridding, and inspecting gridding quality, correcting errors and poor quality gridding;
step S24: separating the grid from the geometric model, deleting the originally imported frame structure model file, creating a welding unit and a rigid node, defining the material thickness and the material properties including the elastic modulus E, the NU Poisson's ratio and the RHO density, and then exporting the processed grid file.
Through the step-by-step execution of the steps, the model file of the rear end of the frame after the finite element gridding processing is obtained, and then the model file can be introduced into NASTRAN software for modal simulation. In this case, for the simulation process in step S3, it should be noted that the frequency range defined in the simulation is specifically from 1HZ to the natural frequency of the motor carried on the rear end structure of the vehicle frame. The starting frequency 1HZ here is the frequency of the occupants of the automobile, i.e. the frequency of the human body is generally 1-1.6HZ, so the simulation of the frame mode is performed starting from 1 HZ.
In addition, the simulation process of step S3 in the present embodiment also includes the following steps.
Step S31: establishing a frame rear end model generated by selecting and importing the attributes and the grid file, and defining the thickness of a material;
step S32: giving the material attribute and the material thickness to the frame model;
step S33: creating a simulation environment and defining a simulation frequency interval;
step S34: and the ND calculates the orders in the frequency interval, creates a control guidance calculation link solver to carry out corresponding calculation commands, and derives a simulated model diagram of the rear end of the vehicle frame corresponding to each order, namely the first order, the second order to the N order.
After the model diagram of the rear end of the frame under each order of frequency is simulated and output by NASTRAN software, statistical analysis of the model diagrams of each order can be executed to determine the positions of the connection points in each area. Specifically, taking a certain region as an example, the modal values at various positions in the region may be different at different step frequencies, or at least different modal quantities may be present at some step frequencies, so the modal values at all positions in the region are collected and counted, and the modal images of the steps are compared with each other, so that the position with the highest low modal coincidence degree in the same region in all step modal images can be obtained, and the position is also the connecting point position used as the connection between the frame and the vehicle body in the region.
In this embodiment, as a further supplementary explanation to step S4, for the above-mentioned limitation that the position with the highest degree of overlap of the low mode is taken as the position of the connecting point of the frame and the vehicle body, as an optimal mode contained therein, the mode node in the region, that is, the position where the points with the mode shape coefficient of zero overlap most, can be set and selected as the position of the connecting point, and at this time, the connecting point is determined to be the position where the nodes overlap most, so that a better frame and vehicle body connecting effect can be obtained.
In addition to the above-mentioned specific steps of modeling, gridding, simulation, and statistical analysis to determine the positions of the connection points, it should be considered that, in the determination of the positions of the connection points on the vehicle frame, the positions of the connection points between the vehicle frame and the vehicle body, which are determined on the rear end of the vehicle frame, should preferably be symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the width of the vehicle frame. Furthermore, the selection of the aforementioned region of the frame in which the connection points can be arranged should also satisfy at least the following condition: easily the frame shaping does not influence the automobile body molding does benefit to the frame with assemble between the automobile body to and accord with the motorcycle type function definition.
The vehicle type function definition includes a passenger vehicle or a cargo vehicle, and the vehicle type function definition is considered because the connection point positions corresponding to different vehicle types and the number of the connection points are different. For example, in the case of passenger cars, since the comfort of the passenger car is more of a concern, the vibration and noise of the lower body are less transmitted to the cabin, and therefore, the connection points on the frame should be made of an elastic structure such as suspension, and the number of the connection points is as large as possible. In the case of a truck, such as a pick-up truck, the rear cargo box requires stability due to the major consideration of load-carrying factors, and the comfort requirement is low, so that the connection point of the rear cargo box portion of the pick-up truck can be directly rigidly connected by bolts, and the connection point can be selected according to the load-carrying design.
In addition, it should be noted that, in the embodiment, the selection of the area for arranging the connection points on the frame based on the conditions of easy formation of the frame, no influence on the shape of the vehicle body, convenient assembly between the frame and the vehicle body, and conformity with the vehicle type function definition is not necessary for determining the connection point positions of the frame and the vehicle body, that is, when determining the connection point positions, the areas can be arbitrarily specified without considering the above conditions, and the connection point positions of different areas can be finally found by the determination step.
However, it is necessary to preliminarily select an area suitable for arranging the connection point on the frame through the above conditions in consideration of the aspects of not affecting the frame structure, not affecting the body shape, contributing to the improvement of the convenience of the connection between the body and the frame, and effectively reducing the influence of the excitation source on the engine room, and the like, i.e., contributing to the development process of the entire vehicle and contributing to the improvement of the quality of the entire vehicle, and then finally determine the suitable connection point in the determination step combined with the embodiment.
In this embodiment, the positions of the connection points determined on the rear end structure of the frame through the above determining steps may be as shown in D1 and D2 in fig. 1. After the determination steps of the embodiment are used to determine the connection point positions, the connection between the vehicle frame and the vehicle body can be performed through an elastic connection structure such as suspension or a rigid connection structure such as a bolt according to different vehicle types. The connecting points of all the areas are low-modal or node positions of the frame, so that the weakest point of vibration superposition in all the areas of the frame can be used as the connecting point between the frame and the body, the weak vibration of the connecting point can realize high-rigidity connection between the frame and the body, the strength complementation of the frame and the body is realized, the integral bearing stress of the frame and the body can be realized, and the effect of weight reduction design of the whole vehicle is favorably realized.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for determining a connection point of a rear end structure of a vehicle frame, which is used for determining the position of a connection point for connecting the vehicle frame and a vehicle body on the rear end of the vehicle frame, is characterized in that: the rear end structure of the frame comprises longitudinal beams arranged on two sides, rear shock absorber towers connected to the longitudinal beams, rear cross beams and rear anti-collision beam assemblies connected between the rear ends of the longitudinal beams on the two sides, motors connected between the longitudinal beams on the two sides, and rear suspension mounting brackets respectively arranged on the longitudinal beams on the two sides;
and the connection points on the frame rear end structure are a plurality of connection points which are dispersedly arranged on different areas on the frame rear end, and the determination method of the connection point positions comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional model of a rear end structure of a frame according to a development design target of a whole vehicle;
s2, importing the established three-dimensional model of the rear end structure of the frame into finite element processing software, carrying out finite element meshing processing on the three-dimensional model file of the rear end structure of the frame by using the finite element processing software, and outputting a meshed grid file;
s3, importing the grid file output in the step S2 into modal simulation software, defining a simulation frequency interval, simulating the frame mode of the frame rear end model under each order frequency in the frequency interval by using the modal simulation software, and outputting a frame rear end mode graph under each order frequency;
and S4, counting modal values of all positions on the frame in the frame rear end modal graph corresponding to each order frequency, and taking the position with the maximum low modal contact ratio in each area in the frame rear end modal graph under different order frequencies as the position of a connecting point between the frame and the vehicle body in the area.
2. The method for determining the connection point of the rear end structure of the vehicle frame according to claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional model of the frame rear end structure can be established through CATIA, UG or Pro/E, the finite element processing software is ANSA or HypermeSh, and the simulation software is NASTRAN or ABAQUS.
3. The method for determining the connection point of the rear end structure of the vehicle frame according to claim 1, wherein: the frequency interval is from 1HZ to the natural frequency of a motor borne by the frame rear end structure.
4. The method for determining the connection point of the rear end structure of the vehicle frame according to claim 1, wherein: the positions of the connection points of the frame bodies on the rear ends of the frames are symmetrically arranged relative to the width center line of the rear end structure of the frames.
5. The method for determining the connection point of the rear end structure of the vehicle frame according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the position of the frame body connection point is the position where the mode nodes in the area overlap most.
6. The method for determining the connection point of the rear end structure of the vehicle frame according to claim 1, wherein: the finite element gridding processing in the step S2 comprises the following steps:
s21, removing redundant geometric figures including points, lines and round corners;
s22, performing a median plane drawing operation, and performing grid division on the median plane;
s23, creating a gridding division file and a quality inspection file to generate a grid, and inspecting the grid quality, correcting errors and poor-quality grids;
s24, separating the grid from the geometric model, deleting the originally imported frame structure model file, creating a welding unit and a rigid node, defining the material thickness and the material properties including the elastic modulus E, the NU Poisson' S ratio and the RHO density, and exporting the grid file.
7. The method for determining the connection point of the rear end structure of the vehicle frame according to claim 1, wherein: the simulation in step S3 includes the following steps:
s31, creating a frame model generated by the grid file with the selected and imported attributes, and defining the thickness of the material;
s32, giving the material attribute and the material thickness to the frame model;
s33, creating a simulation environment, and defining a simulation frequency interval;
and S34, the ND calculates the order in the frequency interval, a control guidance calculation link solver is created to carry out corresponding calculation commands, and a simulated vehicle frame modal diagram is derived.
8. The frame rear end structure connection point determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the rear end structure of the frame can be used as an area for arranging a connection point between the frame and a vehicle body, and at least the following conditions are met: easily the frame shaping does not influence the automobile body molding does benefit to the frame with assemble between the automobile body to and accord with the motorcycle type function definition.
9. The method for determining the connection point of the rear end structure of the vehicle frame according to claim 8, wherein: the vehicle type function definition comprises that the vehicle is a passenger vehicle or a freight vehicle.
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