CN111397356A - Variable-temperature drying method for grains - Google Patents

Variable-temperature drying method for grains Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111397356A
CN111397356A CN202010177608.7A CN202010177608A CN111397356A CN 111397356 A CN111397356 A CN 111397356A CN 202010177608 A CN202010177608 A CN 202010177608A CN 111397356 A CN111397356 A CN 111397356A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
drying
temperature
detection sensor
sensor
dryer body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010177608.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙承明
蔡冬冬
王�华
周洋
王政
黄金平
龚立语
王希
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Hubei Sanmeng Machinery Manufacture Co ltd
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Hubei Sanmeng Machinery Manufacture Co ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Hubei Sanmeng Machinery Manufacture Co ltd filed Critical Hubei Sanmeng Machinery Manufacture Co ltd
Priority to CN202010177608.7A priority Critical patent/CN111397356A/en
Publication of CN111397356A publication Critical patent/CN111397356A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/22Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23BPRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A23B9/08Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/10Temperature; Pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/12Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow, e.g. by varying fan speed, by modifying cross flow area
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/06Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/85Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for drying grains at variable temperature, wherein a variable temperature drying device comprises the following steps: the invention relates to the technical field of grain drying, in particular to a dryer body, a control box, a hot air door, a cold air door, a drying air quantity detection sensor, a hot air temperature detection sensor, an atmospheric temperature sensor, an atmospheric humidity sensor, a rotary valve and a grain online moisture meter. This cereal alternating temperature drying method, can realize accomplishing the change according to the moisture change of cereal and the change of external environment temperature and humidity in the drying process, change drying temperature, the amount of wind, stoving time and slow speed time, reach the required stoving temperature in present stage, the amount of wind, stoving time and slow speed time, realized when cereal moisture is great, cereal moisture is the cereal surface moisture mostly, do not need higher stoving temperature, but need great amount of wind to take away moisture, guarantee drying efficiency, improve the stoving quality, and energy saving and consumption reduction.

Description

Variable-temperature drying method for grains
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain drying, in particular to a method for drying grains at variable temperatures.
Background
The cereal grain is divided into three categories including ① cereals including rice (indica rice, japonica rice, rice), wheat (wheat, barley, oat, rye), corn, sorghum, millet, yellow rice, buckwheat, etc., ② bean (sh) category including soybean, broad bean, pea, mung bean, red bean, kidney bean, etc., ③ potatoes including sweet potato (sweet potato or white potato), potato, yam, taro, cassava, etc., the grain drying equipment is a machine and equipment for reducing the water content of the cereal grain, and the grain drying equipment is used for creating vaporization conditions for the water in the cereal grain, including reducing the relative humidity of the air around the cereal grain by manual method, promoting the release of water vapor such as medium, and the like
At present, drying equipment mostly adopts a constant-temperature drying mode, after a fixed drying temperature is set before a dryer starts to operate, the temperature is kept for drying until drying is terminated, the drying efficiency is higher when the drying temperature is higher, but the temperature has certain influence on the taste and quality of grains, and great waste is caused in the use process of energy.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a variable-temperature drying method for grains, which solves the problems that the drying efficiency is higher when the drying temperature is higher, but the higher the temperature is, certain influence is caused on the taste and quality of grains, and the energy is wasted greatly in the using process of the energy in the existing grain drying method.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the variable temperature drying method is realized through the following technical scheme that the variable temperature drying device comprises a dryer body, a control box, a hot air door, a cold air door, a drying air volume detection sensor, a hot air temperature detection sensor, an atmospheric temperature sensor, an atmospheric humidity sensor, a rotary valve and a grain online moisture meter, wherein a P L C programmable controller, a signal converter, a JZ relay and a frequency converter are fixedly installed inside the control box respectively.
The variable temperature drying method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, switching on a power supply of the dryer body, inputting the compiled functional relation program into a P L C programmable controller through an interactive terminal, transferring grains to be dried into a drying bin inside the dryer body, and then starting a hot air assembly inside the dryer body to blow hot air into the drying bin;
s2, detecting the outside atmospheric temperature and humidity respectively by the atmospheric temperature sensor and the atmospheric humidity sensor which are arranged on the dryer body, transmitting the detected outside atmospheric temperature and humidity to a signal converter arranged in the control box, detecting the moisture of the grains in the drying bin in real time by the grain online moisture meter arranged on the dryer body, and transmitting the detected moisture data of the grains to the signal converter;
s3, detecting the drying air quantity and the hot air temperature inside the dryer body respectively by a drying air quantity detection sensor arranged inside an air pipe of the dryer body and a hot air temperature detection sensor arranged on the dryer body, and transmitting the detection data into a signal converter;
s4, the signal converter transmits the outside air temperature and humidity data, the grain moisture data and the drying air volume and the hot air temperature data inside the dryer detected in the steps S2 and S3 to the P L C programmable controller at the same time, the P L C programmable controller analyzes the functional relation program compiled in advance through the step S1 and combines the received detection data to respectively adjust the hot air door, the cold air door, the rotary valve, the JZ relay and the frequency converter, and the drying temperature, the air volume, the drying time and the slow speed time are changed according to the moisture change of grains and the change of the outside environment temperature and the humidity in the drying process, so that the drying temperature, the air volume, the drying time and the slow speed time required by the current stage are achieved.
Preferably, the hot air door and the cold air door are fixedly installed on an air pipe of the dryer body, and the drying air quantity detection sensor is fixedly installed inside the air pipe.
Preferably, the atmospheric temperature sensor and the atmospheric humidity sensor are both fixedly installed inside the cold air door, and the control box is fixedly installed on one side of the dryer body.
Preferably, the hot air temperature detecting sensor, the rotary valve and the grain on-line moisture meter are all fixedly installed inside the dryer body.
Preferably, a P L C programmable controller, a signal converter, a JZ relay and a frequency converter are fixedly mounted in the control box respectively.
Preferably, the output ends of the drying air quantity detection sensor, the hot air temperature detection sensor, the atmospheric temperature sensor, the atmospheric humidity sensor and the grain online moisture meter are electrically connected with the input end of the signal converter, and the output end of the signal converter is electrically connected with the input end of the P L C programmable controller.
Preferably, the output end of the P L C programmable controller is electrically connected to the input ends of the JZ relay and the frequency converter, respectively, and the output end of the frequency converter is electrically connected to the input end of the rotary valve.
Preferably, the output of the JZ relay is respectively and electrically connected with the input ends of the hot air door, the cold air door and other running parts of the dryer, and the output ends of the hot air door and the cold air door are respectively and electrically connected with the input ends of the drying air quantity detection sensor and the hot air temperature detection sensor.
(III) advantageous effects
The variable temperature drying method of the grain drying device comprises a drying machine body, a control box, a hot air door, a cold air door, a drying air volume detection sensor, a hot air temperature detection sensor, an atmospheric temperature sensor, an atmospheric humidity sensor, a rotary valve and a grain online moisture meter, wherein a P L C programmable controller, a signal converter, a JZ relay and a frequency converter are fixedly arranged in the control box respectively, the variable temperature drying method comprises the following steps of S1, firstly, switching on a power supply of the drying machine body, inputting a programmed function relation program into a P L C programmable controller through an interactive terminal, then transferring the grain to be dried into a drying bin in the drying machine body, then starting a hot air assembly in the drying machine body to blow hot air into the drying bin, S2, then, respectively detecting the outside air temperature and the humidity by the atmospheric temperature sensor and the atmospheric humidity sensor arranged on the drying machine body, respectively detecting the outside air temperature and the humidity sensor, respectively, and transmitting the detected outside air volume temperature to the drying bin, the drying machine body and the drying machine body to detect the temperature, the drying speed, the moisture content of the moisture of the grain is detected by the moisture content of the grain drying machine is detected by the moisture content of the grain is detected by the moisture content of the moisture sensor, the moisture sensor is detected by the moisture sensor, the moisture sensor is detected by the moisture sensor, the moisture sensor is.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the electrical control scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of drying temperature as a function of taste in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the moisture value as a function of the heat energy required, the air flow and the combustion in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1 a dryer body, 2 a control box, 21P L C programmable controller, 22 a signal converter, 23JZ relay, 24 a frequency converter, 3 a hot air door, 4 a cold air door, 5a drying air volume detection sensor, 6 a hot air temperature detection sensor, 7 an atmospheric temperature sensor, 8 an atmospheric humidity sensor, 9 a rotary valve, 10 a grain online moisture meter.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for drying grain at variable temperature, the variable temperature drying device comprises a dryer body 1, a control box 2, a hot air door 3, a cold air door 4, a drying air volume detection sensor 5, a hot air temperature detection sensor 6, an atmospheric temperature sensor 7, an atmospheric humidity sensor 8, a rotary valve 9 and a grain online moisture meter 10, wherein the drying air volume detection sensor 5 is KGF2 in type, the hot air temperature detection sensor 6 and the atmospheric temperature sensor 7 are temperature sensors with DS18B20 in type, the atmospheric humidity sensor 8 is JCJ175 5 in type, the control box 2 is fixedly provided with a P L C programmable controller 21, a signal converter 22, a JZ relay 23 and a frequency converter 24 in type, the P L C programmable controller 21 is FX2N-10GM in type, the signal converter 22 is RS in type, the frequency converter 24 is 471-7 in type, the hot air door 3 and the rotary valve 4 are fixedly mounted on the dryer body 1, the drying air door 3 and the JZ relay 23 and the air volume detection sensor 2 is electrically connected with the air volume detection sensor 2, the drying air volume detection sensor 2, the air volume detection sensor 3 and the air volume detection sensor 2, the air volume detection sensor 2 is electrically connected with the drying air volume detection sensor 2, the air volume detection sensor 2 and the air volume detection sensor 2, the air volume detection sensor 2 is electrically connected with the air volume detection sensor, the air volume detection sensor 2 detection sensor 2 detection sensor, the air volume detection sensor 2 detection sensor 2 and the air volume detection sensor, the air volume detection sensor, the air volume detection sensor detection.
The variable temperature drying method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, switching on a power supply of the dryer body 1, inputting the compiled functional relation program into the P L C programmable controller 21 through an interactive terminal, transferring grains to be dried into a drying bin inside the dryer body 1, and then starting a hot air assembly inside the dryer body 1 to blow hot air into the drying bin;
s2, detecting the outside atmospheric temperature and humidity respectively by the atmospheric temperature sensor 7 and the atmospheric humidity sensor 8 which are arranged on the dryer body 1 at the moment, transmitting the detected outside atmospheric temperature and humidity to the signal converter 22 arranged in the control box 2, detecting the moisture of the grains in the drying bin in real time by the grain online moisture meter 10 arranged on the dryer body 1, and transmitting the detected moisture data of the grains to the signal converter 22;
s3, detecting the drying air quantity and the hot air temperature inside the dryer body 1 respectively by the drying air quantity detection sensor 5 arranged inside the air pipe of the dryer body 1 and the hot air temperature detection sensor 6 arranged on the dryer body 1, and transmitting the detection data to the signal converter 22;
s4, the signal converter 22 transmits the outside air temperature and humidity data, the grain moisture data and the drying air volume and hot air temperature data inside the dryer detected in the steps S2 and S3 to the P L C programmable controller 21, the P L C programmable controller 21 analyzes the functional relation program compiled in advance in the step S1 and combines the received detected data to respectively adjust the hot air door 3, the cold air door 4, the rotary valve 9, the JZ relay 23 and the frequency converter 24, and the drying temperature, the air volume, the drying time and the slow speed time are changed according to the moisture change of grains and the change of the outside environment temperature and humidity in the drying process to reach the drying temperature, the air volume, the drying time and the slow speed time required in the current stage.
In conclusion, the invention can change the drying temperature, the air volume, the drying time and the slow speed time according to the moisture change of the grains and the change of the external environment temperature and humidity in the drying process to reach the drying temperature, the air volume, the drying time and the slow speed time required at the present stage, so that when the moisture of the grains is large, the moisture of the grains is mostly the moisture on the surfaces of the grains, the higher drying temperature is not required, but the moisture is taken away by the larger air volume, when the moisture value is reduced to a certain degree, the moisture of the grains is mostly divided into the internal moisture, the relatively higher drying temperature is required, the larger air volume is not required, the longer slow speed time is required, the drying efficiency is ensured, and the drying quality is improved.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The variable-temperature drying method is characterized in that a variable-temperature drying device comprises a dryer body (1), a control box (2), a hot air door (3), a cold air door (4), a drying air quantity detection sensor (5), a hot air temperature detection sensor (6), an atmospheric temperature sensor (7), an atmospheric humidity sensor (8), a rotary valve (9) and a grain online moisture meter (10), wherein a P L C programmable controller (21), a signal converter (22), a JZ relay (23) and a frequency converter (24) are fixedly installed inside the control box (2) respectively;
the variable temperature drying method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, switching on a power supply of the dryer body (1), inputting the compiled functional relation program into a P L C programmable controller (21) through an interactive terminal, transferring grains to be dried into a drying bin inside the dryer body (1), and then starting a hot air assembly inside the dryer body (1) to blow hot air into the drying bin;
s2, detecting the outside atmospheric temperature and humidity respectively by an atmospheric temperature sensor (7) and an atmospheric humidity sensor (8) which are arranged on the dryer body (1), transmitting the detected outside atmospheric temperature and humidity to a signal converter (22) arranged in the control box (2), detecting the moisture of the grains in the drying bin in real time by a grain online moisture meter (10) arranged on the dryer body (1), and transmitting the detected moisture data of the grains to the signal converter (22);
s3, a drying air quantity detection sensor (5) arranged inside an air pipe of the dryer body (1) and a hot air temperature detection sensor (6) arranged on the dryer body (1) respectively detect the drying air quantity and the hot air temperature inside the dryer body (1), and transmit detection data to a signal converter (22);
s4, the signal converter (22) transmits the outside air temperature and humidity data, the grain water data and the drying air volume and hot air temperature data in the dryer detected in the steps S2 and S3 to the P L C programmable controller (21) at the same time, and the P L C programmable controller (21) respectively adjusts the hot air door (3), the cold air door (4), the rotary valve (9), the JZ relay (23) and the frequency converter (24) through a functional relation program which is programmed in advance in the step S1 and analysis by combining the received detection data.
2. The method for variable temperature drying of grains according to claim 1, wherein: the hot air door (3) and the cold air door (4) are fixedly installed on an air pipe of the dryer body (1), and the drying air quantity detection sensor (5) is fixedly installed inside the air pipe.
3. The method for variable temperature drying of grains according to claim 1, wherein: the air temperature sensor (7) and the air humidity sensor (8) are fixedly installed inside the cold air door (4), and the control box (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the dryer body (1).
4. The method for variable temperature drying of grains according to claim 1, wherein: the hot air temperature detection sensor (6), the rotary valve (9) and the grain online moisture meter (10) are fixedly arranged inside the dryer body (1).
5. The method for drying at variable temperature of the cereal according to claim 1, characterized in that a P L C programmable controller (21), a signal converter (22), a JZ relay (23) and a frequency converter (24) are respectively and fixedly arranged in the control box (2).
6. The method for variable-temperature drying of the grains according to claim 1, wherein the output ends of the drying air volume detection sensor (5), the hot air temperature detection sensor (6), the atmospheric temperature sensor (7), the atmospheric humidity sensor (8) and the grain online moisture meter (10) are electrically connected with the input end of the signal converter (22), and the output end of the signal converter (22) is electrically connected with the input end of the P L C programmable controller (21).
7. The method for drying at variable temperature according to claim 1, wherein the output end of the P L C programmable controller (21) is electrically connected with the input ends of the JZ relay (23) and the frequency converter (24), respectively, and the output end of the frequency converter (24) is electrically connected with the input end of the rotary valve (9).
8. The method for variable temperature drying of grains according to claim 1, wherein: the output of JZ relay (23) respectively with hot-blast door (3), cold-blast door (4) and the input electric connection of other operation parts of drying-machine, and the output of hot-blast door (3) and cold-blast door (4) respectively with the input electric connection of stoving amount of wind detection sensor (5) and hot-blast temperature detection sensor (6).
CN202010177608.7A 2020-03-13 2020-03-13 Variable-temperature drying method for grains Pending CN111397356A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112816527A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-18 佛冈飞悦机械有限公司 Grain moisture detection device, grain drying equipment and temperature control method
CN114279209A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-05 湖南省农友机械集团有限公司 Control method of dual-mode dryer
CN112816527B (en) * 2020-12-31 2024-05-28 佛冈明阳机械有限公司 Grain moisture detection device, grain drying equipment and temperature control method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03156281A (en) * 1989-11-13 1991-07-04 Miyagi Pref Gov Drying method for wood or the like
CN1904533A (en) * 2006-07-28 2007-01-31 华南农业大学 Adaptive control system of hot air drying
CN207366229U (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-05-15 中竞同创能源环境科技集团股份有限公司 Grain drying energy efficiency evaluation system
CN108413763A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-08-17 安徽唯嵩光电科技有限公司 A kind of drying system and its control system of automatic adjustment hot wind
CN109857053A (en) * 2019-02-20 2019-06-07 合肥智纳农业科技有限公司 A kind of energy-saving type grain drying machine control system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03156281A (en) * 1989-11-13 1991-07-04 Miyagi Pref Gov Drying method for wood or the like
CN1904533A (en) * 2006-07-28 2007-01-31 华南农业大学 Adaptive control system of hot air drying
CN207366229U (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-05-15 中竞同创能源环境科技集团股份有限公司 Grain drying energy efficiency evaluation system
CN108413763A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-08-17 安徽唯嵩光电科技有限公司 A kind of drying system and its control system of automatic adjustment hot wind
CN109857053A (en) * 2019-02-20 2019-06-07 合肥智纳农业科技有限公司 A kind of energy-saving type grain drying machine control system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112816527A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-18 佛冈飞悦机械有限公司 Grain moisture detection device, grain drying equipment and temperature control method
CN112816527B (en) * 2020-12-31 2024-05-28 佛冈明阳机械有限公司 Grain moisture detection device, grain drying equipment and temperature control method
CN114279209A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-05 湖南省农友机械集团有限公司 Control method of dual-mode dryer

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