CN111385024A - Multi-core less-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system - Google Patents

Multi-core less-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111385024A
CN111385024A CN202010234817.0A CN202010234817A CN111385024A CN 111385024 A CN111385024 A CN 111385024A CN 202010234817 A CN202010234817 A CN 202010234817A CN 111385024 A CN111385024 A CN 111385024A
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communication
mode
core
sensing
optical fiber
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CN111385024B (en
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刘博�
忻向军
吴泳锋
毛雅亚
南通
王瑞春
沈磊
李良川
周锐
王光全
任建新
孙婷婷
赵立龙
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2507Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion
    • H04B10/2537Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to scattering processes, e.g. Raman or Brillouin scattering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00Optical multiplex systems

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-core few-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system, which is based on the unique advantages of optical fiber distributed sensing and integrates the advantages of high speed, large capacity, long-distance transmission and the like of optical fiber communication.

Description

Multi-core less-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication and sensing, and particularly relates to a multi-core less-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system.
Background
The high-roll of the british chinese physicist proposed in 1966 to fabricate optical fibers from quartz material. In 1970, corning incorporated of the united states pulled the first low loss optical fiber. Since then, technologies with epoch-making significance, such as optical fiber communication, optical fiber sensing devices, and the like, have been continuously developed. Optical fiber sensing technology was born in the end of the 70's 20 th century. Like the conventional sensing technology, the optical fiber sensing technology is also used for sensing external signals. The optical fiber is characterized in that the optical fiber integrates external signal sensing and information transmission. According to different measurement modes, the optical fiber sensing technology can be classified into a point type optical fiber sensing technology consisting of a measurement optical fiber and a reference optical fiber, a quasi-distributed optical fiber sensing technology based on an optical fiber grating, and a distributed optical fiber sensing technology based on light scattering for measurement.
The optical fiber sensing device has the advantages of light weight, small volume, strong electromagnetic interference resistance, good insulation, moisture resistance and the like, and has been widely applied to various sensing fields such as temperature, strain, refractive index sensing and the like in recent years. When a large-scale infrastructure is detected, a detected object is not only one point or a plurality of points, but also has a certain field with continuous spatial distribution, such as a temperature field, a stress field and the like, the detected object has a long distance and a wide range and also has the characteristic of three-dimensional spatial continuous distribution, and at the moment, point type or quasi-distributed optical fiber sensing cannot be used for sensing detection under the scene. Distributed fiber sensing technology based on light scattering for measurement comes into force at this time and is widely applied to the fields of bridge detection, aerospace, perimeter protection, petroleum, chemical industry and the like.
In recent years, with the rise of the internet +, big data, cloud computing, and 5G are rapidly developed, so that the life and working modes of people are changed, and the demand of people for bandwidth is sharply increased due to the push of video on demand and mobile communication services. The communication capacity of the single-mode optical fiber with low loss and high bandwidth mainly adopted by the optical fiber communication network at present is close to the theoretical nonlinear shannon limit.
In 1979, s.inao et al first proposed a multi-core Fiber (MCF) concept, in 1982, s.berdagu et al first proposed a few-Mode Fiber (Few-Mode Fiber, FMF) concept, however, at that time, precise Mode excitation and multiplexing techniques were lacking, and the transmission capacity of conventional single-Mode fibers could meet the needs of users, and therefore space Division multiplexing and Mode Division multiplexing of MCF and FMF were not adopted, so the sdm (spatial Division multiplexing) technique almost stagnated in the following years. In recent years, with the emergence of the capacity crisis of single-mode optical fibers, FMF and MCF have attracted the attention of researchers again, and the design, preparation, and novel application of various FMFs and MCFs have been reported successively. The transmission capacity through a combination of multi-core fiber (space division multiplexing) + few-mode fiber (mode division multiplexing) has reached 10.16 Pb/s. Necessary development space is created for further improving the transmission capacity and the spectral efficiency of the optical fiber.
However, at present, the research of fusion access of optical fiber sensing and communication is not available, and on the basis of developing a high-speed large-capacity communication network system, a novel sensing technology is combined, so that an intelligent environment information sensing network can be established by fully utilizing an optical cable network, the surrounding situation of the optical cable can be comprehensively sensed in real time, and if the optical cable is damaged, the optical cable can be timely sensed and conveniently processed. Meanwhile, the loss of the optical fiber can be monitored to prevent information leakage, and the information safety transmission function of protecting optical fiber communication is achieved. In addition, the method can also provide wider real-time data for the research of marine biophysical and geological activities and the like, and can also provide reliable early warning for earthquakes and tsunamis. Therefore, the development of the integrated network with optical communication and perception fusion has a strong application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a multi-core less-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system to solve the practical problems in the background technology.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multi-core few-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system comprises an input beam splitting module, a signal sensing core, a communication core, a distributed sensing module, a communication mode division multiplexing modulation module, few-mode optical fibers and a communication signal multiplexing demodulation module, wherein the input end of the signal sensing core is connected with the input beam splitting module through the distributed sensing module, the input end of the communication core is connected with the input beam splitting module through the communication mode division multiplexing modulation module, the output ends of the signal sensing core and the communication core are connected with the input end of the few-mode optical fibers in a space coupling mode through a photon lantern, and the output end of the few-mode optical fibers is connected with the communication signal multiplexing demodulation module through the photon lantern.
Furthermore, the input beam splitting module comprises a laser, and the laser is connected with the beam splitter after passing through the amplifier and the filter in sequence.
Furthermore, the distributed sensing module comprises a signal generator, an acousto-optic modulator, a circulator and a detector, the acousto-optic modulator is arranged on the signal sensing core, the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the signal generator, the signal sensing core enters the circulator after being modulated by the acousto-optic modulator, one path of the circulator is fanned into the few-mode optical fiber through a photon lantern, and the other path of the circulator is connected with the detector.
Further, the communication mode division multiplexing modulation module comprises a communication beam splitter and a four-mode multiplexer.
Further, the communication signal multiplexing and demodulating module comprises a four-mode demultiplexer, a demodulating beam splitter and a coherent receiver.
Further, the number of the signal sensing cores is three.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention is based on the unique advantages of optical fiber distributed sensing and integrates the advantages of high speed, large capacity, long distance transmission and the like of optical fiber communication, realizes the integration of optical fiber sensing and communication by reasonably designing and distributing fiber cores and modes by utilizing multi-core few-mode optical fibers and combining an optical fiber space division multiplexing technology, is applied to the monitoring and transmission of environmental information, can realize the real-time perception of complex environmental multi-parameters (temperature, bending, strain and the like), is favorable for mastering the influence of external factors on the communication condition in real time, analyzes the reason of the change of a communication signal in the transmission process in time, and can provide help for the stable transmission of the signal.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a few-mode optical fiber according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of spatial coupling between an optical fiber bundle and few-mode optical fibers according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, as embodiment 1 of the present invention, a 19-core 4-mode optical fiber is used for large-capacity, long-distance signal transmission and low-power consumption, high-sensitivity, high-precision signal sensing, so as to implement optical fiber sensing smart fusion based on few-mode/multi-core space division multiplexing, where a cross section of the optical fiber is shown in fig. 2. The method comprises the following steps of selecting a 3-core 4-mode outer ring to respectively sense strain, temperature, bending and the like based on Brillouin, Raman and Rayleigh scattering effects; the residual 16 cores and 4 modes are multiplexed through a fiber core/mode, high-capacity optical transmission is realized, wherein 1-3 cores are signal sensing cores, 4-19 cores are communication cores, and in a common-sense fusion system, a multiplexing and demultiplexing device of the system is designed into two parts, namely mode multiplexing and demultiplexing and fiber core multiplexing and demultiplexing. For mode multiplexing and demultiplexing, a directional mode coupling cascade mode is adopted to realize cascade mode multiplexing and cascade mode demultiplexing of 4 transmission modes; for multiplexing and demultiplexing of fiber cores, coupling is realized by adopting a photon lantern.
The light output by the laser is amplified by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and then filtered by the filter, and is divided into 19 paths by the beam splitter, 1-3 paths of signals are regulated and controlled by pulse light of the acousto-optic modulator and the signal generator, then the light pulses are continuously transmitted through one end of the circulator, the signals scattered back by the light are received by the detector at the other end, and finally the data are processed by the computer. Here, rayleigh, raman and brillouin scattering effect scattering are adopted to realize optical fiber distributed sensing, and the optical fiber distributed sensing respectively corresponds to a core 1, a core 2 and a core 3, namely, three kinds of scattering correspond to a 3-core 4-mode part. The core 1 is used for detecting the bending condition of an optical fiber system by detecting the light intensity change of a backward Rayleigh scattering light signal based on Rayleigh scattering distributed sensing; the core 2 is based on Raman scattering distributed sensing, and realizes sensing of temperature by detecting the energy difference between Raman-Stokes scattered light and Raman-anti-Stokes scattered light; the core 3 is based on Brillouin scattering distributed sensing, and strain sensing is realized by detecting changes in the frequency of Brillouin scattering light. Meanwhile, temperature influence based on strain sensing of Brillouin scattering can be corrected through temperature sensing based on Raman scattering. The optical signals numbered 4-19 are first input to a mode division multiplexing modulation module. In the signal modulation module, firstly, the optical signals in each path of optical fiber are divided into four paths again through the beam splitter, and the four paths of optical signals are transmitted through the optical fibers with different lengths, so that the optical signals in each path are irrelevant. In the code modulation module, the optical signal is code modulated by high-order modulation and coherent modulation, so that the transmission capacity and the transmission rate of the communication system are increased. And finally, converting the four signals in each modulation module into different modes (LP01, LP11, LP21 and LP02) respectively through 16 mode multiplexers, and coupling the different modes in the few-mode optical fiber. After the modulation of the signals is finished, the optical signals in the 19 optical fiber links are uniformly fanned into 19 cores of the multi-core few-mode optical fiber through a photon lantern, and the transmission link is realized by 19-core 4-mode optical fiber. At the receiving end, the cores for communication and the cores for sensing in the multi-core optical fiber are separated through fan-out. For the communication module, the signals received by each fiber core are respectively output to a mode demultiplexer at a receiving end, the modes are separated, then each path of optical signal is respectively input to a coherent receiver, and the signals are compensated and then are processed and demodulated off line, so that the initial signals are recovered.
The invention is based on the unique advantages of optical fiber distributed sensing and integrates the advantages of high speed, large capacity, long distance transmission and the like of optical fiber communication, realizes the integration of optical fiber sensing and communication by reasonably designing and distributing fiber cores and modes by utilizing multi-core few-mode optical fibers and combining an optical fiber space division multiplexing technology, is applied to the monitoring and transmission of environmental information, can realize the real-time perception of complex environmental multi-parameters (temperature, bending, strain and the like), is favorable for mastering the influence of external factors on the communication condition in real time, analyzes the reason of the change of a communication signal in the transmission process in time, and can provide help for the stable transmission of the signal.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A multi-core less-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system is characterized in that: the optical fiber communication module comprises an input beam splitting module, a signal sensing core, a communication core, a distributed sensing module, a communication mode division multiplexing modulation module, a few-mode optical fiber and a communication signal multiplexing demodulation module, wherein the input end of the signal sensing core is connected with the input beam splitting module through the distributed sensing module respectively, the input end of the communication core is connected with the input beam splitting module through the communication mode division multiplexing modulation module, the output ends of the signal sensing core and the communication core are connected with the input end of the few-mode optical fiber in a space coupling mode through a photon lantern, and the output end of the few-mode optical fiber is connected with the communication signal multiplexing demodulation module through the photon lantern.
2. The multi-core few-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the input beam splitting module comprises a laser, and the laser is connected with the beam splitter after passing through the amplifier and the filter in sequence.
3. The multi-core few-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the distributed sensing module comprises a signal generator, an acousto-optic modulator, a circulator and a detector, wherein the acousto-optic modulator is arranged on a signal sensing core, the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the signal generator, the signal sensing core enters the circulator after being modulated by the acousto-optic modulator, one path of the circulator is fanned into the few-mode optical fiber through a photon lantern, and the other path of the circulator is connected with the detector.
4. The multi-core few-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the communication mode division multiplexing modulation module comprises a communication beam splitter and a four-mode multiplexer.
5. The multi-core few-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the communication signal multiplexing and demodulating module comprises a four-mode demultiplexer, a demodulating beam splitter and a coherent receiver.
6. The multi-core few-mode sensing communication fusion access transmission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the signal sensing cores is three.
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CN111854812A (en) * 2020-07-27 2020-10-30 中央民族大学 Sensing demodulation system and sensing demodulation method based on photon lantern optical fiber
CN114024810A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-02-08 南京信息工程大学 Multi-core optical fiber channel modulation format identification method and device
CN114024810B (en) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-23 南京信息工程大学 Multi-core fiber channel modulation format identification method and device
CN114236675A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-03-25 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 Optical fiber and optical fiber communication system
CN117433587A (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-01-23 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method
CN117433587B (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-03-19 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method

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