CN111288696A - Control method of electronic expansion valve of falling film evaporator - Google Patents
Control method of electronic expansion valve of falling film evaporator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111288696A CN111288696A CN202010131296.6A CN202010131296A CN111288696A CN 111288696 A CN111288696 A CN 111288696A CN 202010131296 A CN202010131296 A CN 202010131296A CN 111288696 A CN111288696 A CN 111288696A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of an electronic expansion valve of a falling film evaporator, which comprises the following steps: (1) starting and initializing the electronic expansion valve; (2) a temporary target temperature is firstly tentatively set according to the difference value between the outlet water temperature of the evaporator and the low-pressure saturation temperature; (3) adjusting the opening degree of an expansion valve according to the temporary target temperature, acquiring the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator again, and adjusting the temporary target temperature; (4) and (3) comparing the temporary target temperature calculated in the step (2) with the temporary target temperature adjusted in the step (3) to adjust the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve. The control method of the electronic expansion valve of the falling film evaporator simplifies the control logic of the refrigerant quantity of the evaporator, reduces the electrical control cost of the expansion valve, improves the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator, can realize the automatic control of the refrigerant flow and the throttling degree, and protects the reliable and safe operation of an equipment system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method of an electronic expansion valve of a falling film evaporator, belonging to the technical field of air conditioners.
Background
Shell and tube evaporators are generally distinguished by a transport medium, of which water-water heat exchange circulation systems are a common general class. According to the operation principle of the air conditioning system, the suction temperature, the pressure and the refrigerant flow of the system are continuously changed along with the continuous change of the water temperature, and the system has to perform real-time adaptive operation control due to the dynamic change, wherein an electronic expansion valve plays a key role in throttling control of the refrigerant. At present, a water-water heat exchange system generally adopts suction superheat degree control to carry out throttling control so as to achieve the aim of optimizing energy exchange efficiency. However, in the case of the falling film shell-and-tube evaporator, the refrigerant is introduced from the top of the evaporator, and then descends in a film-like manner along the liquid distributor by gravity, and is evaporated in the process. The liquid flows in a film shape in the single-pass evaporator, the heat transfer coefficient is high, the refrigerant can be gasified on the evaporation surface, and the difference between the suction temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature is small in the process, so that the target superheat value is 0 ℃ or a negative value by adopting suction superheat control, and the target superheat is not favorable for setting the target superheat. Moreover, at present, the requirement on the target superheat degree setting is too high, the setting value is not uniform, if the setting value is too low, the reliability and the safety of the system cannot be guaranteed, if the setting value is too high, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger can be reduced, the adjustment process is relatively lagged, and particularly when the running state of the water-water heat exchange circulating system is changed in real time, the lag of the adjustment process often causes the reduction of the system performance, and the system cannot be quickly adaptive to the change of various working conditions.
Similarly, the refrigerant flow and throttling scheme of the existing air conditioning system is difficult to adapt to automatic regulation and control of various working conditions, and the system cannot be effectively ensured to operate in the most appropriate state.
The above description is included in the technical recognition scope of the inventors, and does not necessarily constitute the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a control method of an electronic expansion valve of a falling film evaporator, which can ensure that the flow and the throttling degree of a refrigerant of air conditioning equipment for water-water heat exchange can be automatically regulated and controlled according to working conditions, so as to protect the system to operate in the most appropriate state.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a control method for an electronic expansion valve of a falling film evaporator comprises the following steps:
(1) starting and initializing an electronic expansion valve arranged in a refrigerant circulation loop of the air conditioning system, and setting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve at a preset initial opening degree;
(2) after the electronic expansion valve is started for a preset time, acquiring two variables of outlet water temperature and low-pressure saturation pressure of an evaporator of an air conditioning system in real time, converting the low-pressure saturation pressure into a low-pressure saturation temperature, and temporarily setting a temporary target temperature according to the difference value of the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator;
(3) adjusting the opening degree of an expansion valve according to the temporary target temperature, acquiring the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator again after the opening degree of the expansion valve is changed, and adjusting the temporary target temperature according to the change trend of the difference between the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator;
(4) and (3) comparing the temporary target temperature calculated in the step (2) with the temporary target temperature adjusted in the step (3), adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve through a closed-loop control system, and repeating the step (3) until the temporary target temperature approaches or reaches the final target temperature, so as to determine the opening degree of the expansion valve according to the final target temperature.
In a preferred embodiment, a current progressive temperature Tpv and a temporary target temperature Tsp are set, where the current progressive temperature Tpv is an evaporator outlet water temperature — low-pressure saturation temperature, and the method for adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve in step (4) is:
(1) when the current progressive temperature Tpv is higher than the temporary target temperature Tsp, the electronic expansion valve adopts multi-section PID control, and the opening degree of the expansion valve is increased to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator so as to reduce the current progressive temperature, thereby achieving better evaporation effect;
(2) when the current progressive temperature Tpv is less than the temporary target temperature Tsp, the current progressive temperature is increased by reducing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve to reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator, so that wet compression caused by liquid entrainment of the compressor is avoided, and the normal suction superheat degree of the compressor is protected;
(3) when the current progressive temperature Tpv becomes equal to the temporary target temperature Tsp, the electronic expansion valve is in a steady state and the current opening degree is maintained.
In a preferred embodiment, the final target temperature Td is set to the evaporation temperature of the evaporator in an ideal state at the time of design, and the temporary target temperature Tsp is determined by the difference value of Tpv-Td.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for adjusting the temporary target temperature Tsp in step (3) is:
presetting a correction value range of the progressive temperature Tpv, and if the difference value of Tpv-Td is larger than the upper limit value of the correction value range, reducing the temporary target temperature Tsp to correct the difference value of Tpv-Td to the upper limit value of the correction value range; if the difference value of Tpv-Td is smaller than the lower limit value of the correction value range, the temporary target temperature Tsp is increased to correct the difference value of Tpv-Td to the lower limit value of the correction value range.
In a preferred embodiment, the correction value range comprises a plurality of successive, gradient-distributed sub-correction value ranges, and the temporary target temperature is adjusted in each sub-correction value range.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for adjusting the temporary target temperature Tsp includes:
(1) if Tpv-Td is more than 2 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-1.0 DEG C
(2) If 2 ℃ is higher than Tpv-Td is higher than 1 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-0.5 DEG C
(3) If the temperature of 1 ℃ is more than Tpv-Td is more than 0.5 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-0.2 DEG C
(4) Tsp is Td if-0.2 ℃ < Tpv-Td < 0.2 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the low pressure saturation pressure is measured by a compressor low pressure sensor from the compressor suction end, and the evaporator outlet water temperature is measured by an evaporator outlet water temperature sensor from a blind pipe on an evaporator outlet water pipeline.
Benefits of the present application include, but are not limited to:
the control method for the electronic expansion valve of the falling film evaporator provided by the invention has the advantages that the temporary target temperature is trimmed for multiple times in real time, the electronic expansion valve is ensured to be kept in the optimal opening value range, the control logic of the refrigerant quantity of the evaporator is simplified, the electrical control cost of the expansion valve is reduced, the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator is improved, the automatic control of the refrigerant flow and the throttling degree can be realized, and the reliable and safe operation of an equipment system is protected.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air conditioning system to which the control method of the falling film evaporator electronic expansion valve according to the present application is applied;
in the figure, 1, a compressor; 2. a condenser; 3. an evaporator; 4. an evaporator outlet water temperature sensor; 5. an electronic expansion valve; 6. a compressor low pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail in the following. It should be noted, however, that the following detailed description merely gives specific operation examples of the present invention by way of example, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The scope of the invention is limited only by the claims. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other modifications and substitutions can be made to the described embodiments of the invention within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims and still achieve the same technical result and achieve the final technical object of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the air conditioning system includes a refrigerant circulation circuit constituted by a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, and an electronic expansion valve 5 installed in the refrigerant circulation circuit; an evaporator outlet water temperature sensor 4 is arranged on a blind pipe on an evaporator outlet water pipeline and used for measuring the evaporator outlet water temperature, and a compressor low-pressure sensor 6 is arranged at a compressor air suction end and used for measuring the low-pressure saturation pressure.
The refrigerant in the low-pressure inlet end of the compressor 1 is in a gas state, the refrigerant is pressurized by the compressor 1, the gas refrigerant is converted into liquid refrigerant in the condenser 2 to release heat to heat water, the refrigerant in the condenser 2 flows into the evaporator 3 after being throttled by the electronic expansion valve 5, the refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator 3 to be in the gas state and absorbs heat due to the reduction of pressure, the gas refrigerant enters the compressor 1, the refrigerant is pressurized by the compressor 1 and then condensed in the condenser 2 to be in the liquid state, the circulation is repeated in this way, and the water heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the condenser 2 and the evaporator 3 to achieve the purposes of heating and refrigerating of an air conditioner. According to the operation principle of the system, the suction temperature, the pressure and the refrigerant flow of the system are changed along with the continuous change of the water temperature, and the system has to perform real-time adaptive operation control due to the dynamic change, wherein an electronic expansion valve plays a key role in throttling control of the refrigerant.
The invention provides a control method of an electronic expansion valve of a falling film evaporator, which comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling the air conditioning system to be electrified, starting and initializing an electronic expansion valve arranged in a refrigerant circulation loop of the air conditioning system, and setting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve at a preset initial opening degree;
(2) after the electronic expansion valve is started for a preset time, acquiring two variables of outlet water temperature and low-pressure saturation pressure of an evaporator of an air conditioning system in real time, converting the low-pressure saturation pressure into a low-pressure saturation temperature, and temporarily setting a temporary target temperature according to the difference value of the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator;
(3) adjusting the opening degree of an expansion valve according to the temporary target temperature, acquiring the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator again after the opening degree of the expansion valve is changed, and adjusting the temporary target temperature according to the change trend of the difference between the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator;
(4) and (3) comparing the temporary target temperature calculated in the step (2) with the temporary target temperature adjusted in the step (3), adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve through a closed-loop control system, and repeating the step (3) until the temporary target temperature approaches or reaches the final target temperature, so as to determine the opening degree of the expansion valve according to the final target temperature.
And the electronic expansion valve performs PID control regulation according to the temporary target temperature, compares the current progressive temperature with the temporary target temperature, adjusts the temporary target temperature for multiple times according to the temperature change trend of the evaporator, and keeps the electronic expansion valve at the optimal opening degree through closed-loop control. Specifically, a current asymptotic temperature Tpv and a temporary target temperature Tsp are set, wherein the current asymptotic temperature Tpv is the evaporator outlet water temperature — low-pressure saturation temperature; the method for adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve in the step (4) comprises the following steps:
(1) when the current progressive temperature Tpv is higher than the temporary target temperature Tsp, the electronic expansion valve adopts multi-section PID control, and the opening degree of the expansion valve is increased to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator so as to reduce the current progressive temperature, thereby achieving better evaporation effect;
(2) when the current progressive temperature Tpv is less than the temporary target temperature Tsp, the current progressive temperature is increased by reducing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve to reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator, so that wet compression caused by liquid entrainment of the compressor is avoided, and the normal suction superheat degree of the compressor is protected;
(3) when the current progressive temperature Tpv becomes equal to the temporary target temperature Tsp, the electronic expansion valve is in a steady state and the current opening degree is maintained.
Further, the final target temperature Td is set as the evaporating temperature of the evaporator in the ideal state at the time of design, and the temporary target temperature Tsp is determined by the difference value of Tpv-Td.
Further, the method for adjusting the temporary target temperature Tsp in the step (3) is as follows:
presetting a correction value range of the progressive temperature Tpv, and if the difference value of Tpv-Td is larger than the upper limit value of the correction value range, reducing the temporary target temperature Tsp to correct the difference value of Tpv-Td to the upper limit value of the correction value range; if the difference value of Tpv-Td is smaller than the lower limit value of the correction value range, the temporary target temperature Tsp is increased to correct the difference value of Tpv-Td to the lower limit value of the correction value range. Further, the correction value range includes a plurality of continuous sub correction value ranges in gradient distribution, and the temporary target temperature is adjusted in each sub correction value range, and the adjustment value of the temporary target temperature should be decreased along with the decrease of the Tpv-Td difference value, so that Tsp and Td are gradually close.
Specifically, the sub correction value ranges are set to > 2 ℃, [1 ℃,2 ℃ ], [0.5 ℃,1 ℃, [ -0.2 ℃,0.2 ℃ ], in this order, and the method of adjusting the temporary target temperature Tsp is:
(1) if Tpv-Td is more than 2 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-1.0 DEG C
(2) If 2 ℃ is higher than Tpv-Td is higher than 1 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-0.5 DEG C
(3) If the temperature of 1 ℃ is more than Tpv-Td is more than 0.5 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-0.2 DEG C
(4) If-0.2 deg.C < Tpv deg.C and Td < 0.2 deg.C, Tsp is Td, at which time the air conditioning system is substantially in a steady state and the electronic expansion valve is not actuated except for slight adjustments.
The control method for the electronic expansion valve of the falling film evaporator has the advantages that the temporary target temperature is trimmed for multiple times in real time, the electronic expansion valve is kept in the optimal opening value range, the control logic of the refrigerant quantity of the evaporator is simplified, the electrical control cost of the expansion valve is reduced, the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator is improved, the automatic control of the refrigerant flow and the throttling degree can be realized, and the reliable and safe operation of an equipment system is protected.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternative modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A control method for an electronic expansion valve of a falling film evaporator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) starting and initializing an electronic expansion valve arranged in a refrigerant circulation loop of the air conditioning system, and setting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve at a preset initial opening degree;
(2) after the electronic expansion valve is started for a preset time, acquiring two variables of outlet water temperature and low-pressure saturation pressure of an evaporator of an air conditioning system in real time, converting the low-pressure saturation pressure into a low-pressure saturation temperature, and temporarily setting a temporary target temperature according to the difference value of the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator;
(3) adjusting the opening degree of an expansion valve according to the temporary target temperature, acquiring the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator again after the opening degree of the expansion valve is changed, and adjusting the temporary target temperature according to the change trend of the difference between the outlet water temperature and the low-pressure saturation temperature of the evaporator;
(4) and (3) comparing the temporary target temperature calculated in the step (2) with the temporary target temperature adjusted in the step (3), adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve through a closed-loop control system, and repeating the step (3) until the temporary target temperature approaches or reaches the final target temperature, so as to determine the opening degree of the expansion valve according to the final target temperature.
2. The control method of the falling film evaporator electronic expansion valve according to claim 1, wherein a current progressive temperature Tpv and a temporary target temperature Tsp are set, wherein the current progressive temperature Tpv is an evaporator outlet water temperature-low pressure saturation temperature, and the method for adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve in step (4) is as follows:
(1) when the current progressive temperature Tpv is higher than the temporary target temperature Tsp, the electronic expansion valve adopts multi-section PID control, and the opening degree of the expansion valve is increased to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator so as to reduce the current progressive temperature, thereby achieving better evaporation effect;
(2) when the current progressive temperature Tpv is less than the temporary target temperature Tsp, the current progressive temperature is increased by reducing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve to reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator, so that wet compression caused by liquid entrainment of the compressor is avoided, and the normal suction superheat degree of the compressor is protected;
(3) when the current progressive temperature Tpv becomes equal to the temporary target temperature Tsp, the electronic expansion valve is in a steady state and the current opening degree is maintained.
3. The control method for the falling film evaporator electronic expansion valve according to claim 1, wherein the final target temperature Td is set as the evaporation temperature of the evaporator in the ideal state at the time of design, and the temporary target temperature Tsp is determined by the difference value of Tpv-Td.
4. The control method for the falling film evaporator electronic expansion valve according to claim 3, wherein the temporary target temperature Tsp in the step (3) is adjusted by:
presetting a correction value range of the progressive temperature Tpv, and if the difference value of Tpv-Td is larger than the upper limit value of the correction value range, reducing the temporary target temperature Tsp to correct the difference value of Tpv-Td to the upper limit value of the correction value range; if the difference value of Tpv-Td is smaller than the lower limit value of the correction value range, the temporary target temperature Tsp is increased to correct the difference value of Tpv-Td to the lower limit value of the correction value range.
5. The method for controlling an electronic expansion valve of a falling film evaporator according to claim 4, wherein the correction value range comprises a plurality of successive sub-correction value ranges in a gradient profile, and the temporary target temperature is adjusted in each sub-correction value range.
6. The control method for the falling film evaporator electronic expansion valve according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the temporary target temperature Tsp is adjusted by:
(1) if Tpv-Td is more than 2 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-1.0 DEG C
(2) If 2 ℃ is higher than Tpv-Td is higher than 1 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-0.5 DEG C
(3) If the temperature of 1 ℃ is more than Tpv-Td is more than 0.5 ℃, Tsp is Tpv-0.2 DEG C
(4) Tsp is Td if-0.2 ℃ < Tpv-Td < 0.2 ℃.
7. The control method for the falling film evaporator electronic expansion valve according to claim 1, wherein the low pressure saturation pressure is measured by a compressor low pressure sensor from a compressor suction end, and the evaporator leaving water temperature is measured by an evaporator leaving water temperature sensor from a blind pipe on an evaporator leaving water pipeline.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112665245A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Load regulation control method and device of water chilling unit and water chilling unit |
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