CN111277337B - Physical layer secret optical fiber communication system based on chaos phase encryption - Google Patents
Physical layer secret optical fiber communication system based on chaos phase encryption Download PDFInfo
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/80—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physical layer secret optical fiber communication system based on chaotic phase encryption, which divides a broadband random light source generated by a master laser into two identical optical signals, and respectively injects the two optical signals into slave lasers of two communication parties so as to generate synchronous chaotic signals; and then, the generated synchronous chaotic signal is used as a phase modulator driving signal, and the high-speed optical signal generated by high-order modulation is encrypted and decrypted at a sending end and a receiving end.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication, and particularly relates to a physical layer secret optical fiber communication system based on chaotic phase encryption.
Background
With the rise of the internet era and the rapid development of information technology, people have higher and higher requirements on efficient and rapid information transmission carriers and technologies. Optical fiber communication has become the dominant transmission technology of information networks in the twenty-first century because of its advantages of large communication capacity, long transmission distance, good transmission quality, less crosstalk between signals, and the like. However, while the optical fiber communication brings great convenience to people, the information security problem is becoming more and more serious due to the characteristics of openness, sharing and the like, and how to improve the security of the optical fiber communication system has become a research hotspot problem in the current academic world.
With the development of the photoelectronic technology and the nonlinear dynamics theory, the secret communication based on the chaotic laser attracts much attention due to the intrinsic safety characteristic, and becomes one of the novel secret communication modes. Compared with the encryption technology of the traditional algorithm level, the chaotic laser encryption technology supports the encryption and decryption operations of information on the device and physical level, and directly ensures the safety of the information on the physical level. An External Cavity Semiconductor Laser (ECSL) is the most common light source for generating laser chaos, and due to the introduction of additional degrees of freedom, the ECSL presents rich dynamic characteristics, thereby increasingly attracting wide attention of domestic and foreign scholars. By reasonably selecting control parameters, the ECSL can generate complex chaotic signals, so that the ECSL is widely applied to important fields of high-speed Random Number Generators (RNGs), secret communication, reserve pool calculation and the like, and has wide application prospect.
However, after intensive research, the scholars find that the chaotic laser generated by the external-cavity semiconductor laser has safety defects, and due to the existence of external-cavity resonance, an autocorrelation curve of a generated chaotic signal has obvious correlation peaks at the external-cavity period, which is called as a time delay label, and the time delay label leaks the external-cavity length, so that an interception party can reconstruct a chaotic carrier signal by using the key structure information, further crack transmitted information, and weaken the safety of a communication system. On the other hand, the chaotic laser bandwidth is only several GHz due to the intrinsic relaxation oscillation of the external cavity semiconductor laser, in chaotic optical communication, the chaotic laser is used as a carrier to hide transmitted optical information, and the limited chaotic carrier bandwidth limits the transmission rate of the chaotic optical communication, so that the chaotic optical communication is difficult to be compatible with the existing high-speed optical fiber communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a physical layer secret optical fiber communication system based on chaotic phase encryption, so that the high-speed high-order modulation optical signals can be effectively encrypted and decrypted, and the transmission safety of optical information in an optical fiber link is ensured.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a physical layer secure optical fiber communication system based on chaotic phase encryption, which is characterized in that the system comprises: the system comprises a sending end, a receiving end and an optical fiber link for connecting the sending end and the receiving end;
the transmitting end comprises: the system comprises a master laser, a slave laser 1, an optical transmitter, an optical fiber coupler FC1, a polarization controller PC1, an optical fiber isolator ISO1, a variable optical attenuator VOA1, a photoelectric detector PD1, a radio frequency amplifier RF1, an encryption module and a wavelength division multiplexer MUX;
wherein the master laser comprises a continuous light laser CW1, an arbitrary waveform generator AWG, a radio frequency amplifier RF2 and a phase modulator PM 1; the optical transmitter comprises a CW light source, an IQ modulator and an AWG;
at a sending end, an arbitrary waveform generator AWG generates a Gaussian white noise signal, and the Gaussian white noise signal is amplified by a radio frequency amplifier RF2 and then is input to a phase modulator PM1 to serve as a driving signal of PM 1; when an optical signal output by CW1 is input to a phase modulator PM1, a modulated optical signal is output under the phase modulation effect of a drive signal, and is divided into two identical paths by an optical fiber coupler FC1, wherein one path of optical signal is sequentially subjected to optical power adjustment by an adjustable optical attenuator VOA1, transmission direction control by an optical isolator ISO1 and polarization direction control by a polarization controller PC1, and then is injected into a slave laser SL 1; the other path is used as an optical signal output by the main laser;
the chaotic light signal output by the SL1 is divided into two paths through an optical fiber coupler FC2, wherein one path receives an injected light signal of the main laser; the other path of optical signal is converted into a chaotic electric signal through a photoelectric detector PD1, is subjected to amplitude amplification through a radio frequency amplifier RF1 and is input into an encryption module to serve as a driving signal of a phase modulator PM 2;
the optical transmitter comprises a continuous optical laser CW2, an IQ modulator and an arbitrary waveform generator AWG;
an optical carrier generated by CW2 is input to an IQ modulator, the IQ modulator receives an AWG generated signal of an arbitrary waveform generator, performs I, Q modulation to generate a high-order modulation signal, inputs the high-order modulation signal to an encryption module to serve as an input optical signal of PM2 in the encryption module, and then PM2 performs chaotic phase modulation under a driving signal to output a modulated optical signal;
finally, the optical signal output by the main laser and the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 are multiplexed to the optical fiber link through the wavelength division Multiplexer (MUX);
the optical fiber link comprises a single mode fiber SMF, a dispersion compensation fiber DCF and an optical fiber amplifier EDFA;
in the optical fiber link, optical signals are transmitted through a single mode fiber SMF, then chromatic dispersion introduced by the optical fiber link is compensated through a chromatic dispersion compensation fiber DCF, and finally signal optical power attenuation caused by the optical fiber link is compensated through an optical fiber amplifier EDFA and is input to a receiving end;
the receiving end includes: the device comprises a wavelength division demultiplexer DMUX, a variable optical attenuator VOA2, a fiber isolator ISO2, a polarization controller PC2, a fiber coupler FC3, an adjustable fiber delay line DL, a photodetector PD2, a radio frequency amplifier RF3, a decryption module and an optical receiver;
the optical receiver comprises a polarization controller PC3, a coherent receiver and a local oscillator CW;
at a receiving end, firstly, an optical signal generated by a main laser at the transmitting end and a modulated optical signal output by PM2 are separated by a wavelength division demultiplexer DMUX; then, the optical signal generated by the master laser is injected into the slave laser SL2 after the optical power is adjusted by the adjustable optical attenuator VOA2 and the transmission direction is controlled by the optical isolator ISO2 and the polarization direction is controlled by the polarization controller PC 2; inputting the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 to a decryption module;
the chaotic light signal output from the laser SL2 is divided into two paths through the fiber coupler FC3, wherein one path receives the injection light signal of the main laser; the other path of optical signal is subjected to delay processing through an adjustable optical fiber delay line DL, then is converted into a chaotic electric signal through a photoelectric detector PD2, is subjected to amplitude amplification through a radio frequency amplifier RF3, is input into a decryption module, and is used as a driving signal of a phase modulator PM3 for phase decryption;
in the decryption module, the decryption module receives the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 and takes the modulated optical signal as an input signal, and then chaotic phase modulation is carried out under the action of a driving signal to output the modulated optical signal to an optical receiver;
in the optical receiver, after the modulated optical signal output by the decryption module controls the polarization direction through the polarization controller PC3, the modulated optical signal is input to the coherent receiver at the receiving end, the local oscillator CW provides the local oscillator optical signal for the coherent receiver, and finally the original signal is recovered through the coherent receiver.
The invention aims to realize the following steps:
the invention relates to a physical layer secret optical fiber communication system based on chaotic phase encryption, which divides a broadband random light source generated by a master laser into two identical optical signals, and respectively injects the two optical signals into slave lasers of two communication parties so as to generate synchronous chaotic signals; and then, the generated synchronous chaotic signal is used as a phase modulator driving signal, and the high-speed optical signal generated by high-order modulation is encrypted and decrypted at a sending end and a receiving end.
Meanwhile, the physical layer secret optical fiber communication system based on chaotic spectrum phase encryption also has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the physical layer encryption scheme designed by the invention can effectively realize the encryption and decryption of high-order modulation signals and can realize the complete disturbance and correct recovery of the constellation diagram;
(2) the driving signals participating in encryption and decryption are locally generated by the two communication parties, so that the safety and the privacy of the encryption and decryption module are ensured;
(3) the encryption scheme provided by the invention can be well compatible with the existing optical fiber communication system, supports the encryption and decryption of signals with high speed and different modulation formats, and is suitable for different optical fiber communication application scenes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a physical layer secure optical fiber communication system based on chaotic phase encryption according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the spectrum of a QPSK signal after encryption and decryption;
fig. 3 is a diagram of the synchronization effect of chaotic driving signals generated by two communication parties.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the main content of the present invention.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the physical layer secure optical fiber communication system based on chaotic phase encryption according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a physical layer secure optical fiber communication system based on chaotic phase encryption, including: the system comprises a sending end, a receiving end and an optical fiber link for connecting the sending end and the receiving end;
the transmitting end includes: a master laser, a slave laser SL1, an optical transmitter, a fiber coupler FC1, a polarization controller PC1, a fiber isolator ISO1, a variable optical attenuator VOA1, a photodetector PD1, a radio frequency amplifier RF1, an encryption module and a wavelength division multiplexer MUX;
in the present embodiment, the slave laser SL1 is a distributed feedback semiconductor laser DFB; the signal sent by the optical transmitter is any high-order modulated optical signal, such as quadrature phase keying (QPSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) and the like;
the main laser comprises CW1, an arbitrary waveform generator AWG, a radio frequency amplifier RF2 and a phase modulator PM 1; the optical transmitter comprises a CW light source, an IQ modulator and an AWG (arbitrary waveform generator);
at a transmitting end, an arbitrary waveform generator AWG generates a Gaussian white noise signal, and the Gaussian white noise signal is amplified by a radio frequency amplifier RF2 and then input to a phase modulator PM1 to serve as a driving signal of PM 1; when an optical signal output by CW1 is input to a phase modulator PM1, a modulated optical signal is output under the phase modulation effect of a drive signal, and is divided into two identical paths by an optical fiber coupler FC1, wherein one path of optical signal is sequentially subjected to optical power adjustment by an adjustable optical attenuator VOA1, transmission direction control by an optical isolator ISO1 and polarization direction control by a polarization controller PC1, and then is injected into a slave laser SL 1; the other path is used as an optical signal output by the main laser;
the chaotic light signal output by the SL1 is divided into two paths through an optical fiber coupler FC2, wherein one path receives the injection light signal of the main laser; the other path of optical signal is converted into a chaotic electric signal through a photoelectric detector PD1, subjected to amplitude amplification through a radio frequency amplifier RF1 and input to an encryption module to serve as a driving signal of a phase modulator PM 2;
the optical transmitter comprises a continuous optical laser CW2, an IQ modulator and an arbitrary waveform generator AWG;
the IQ modulator simultaneously receives a signal generated by an AWG (arrayed waveguide grating) and a continuous optical signal generated by a CW2 (continuous optical laser), modulates the signal by I, Q to generate a high-order modulation signal, inputs the high-order modulation signal into the encryption module to serve as an input optical signal of a PM2 in the encryption module, and then performs chaotic phase modulation on the PM2 under a driving signal to output a modulated optical signal;
finally, the optical signal output by the main laser and the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 are multiplexed to the optical fiber link through the wavelength division Multiplexer (MUX);
the fiber link comprises a single mode fiber SMF, a dispersion compensation fiber DCF and a fiber amplifier EDFA;
in the optical fiber link, optical signals are transmitted through a single mode fiber SMF, then chromatic dispersion introduced by the optical fiber link is compensated through a chromatic dispersion compensation fiber DCF, finally signal optical power attenuation caused by the optical fiber link is compensated through an optical fiber amplifier EDFA, and the signals are input to a receiving end;
the receiving end includes: the device comprises a wavelength division demultiplexer DMUX, an adjustable optical attenuator VOA2, a fiber isolator ISO2, a polarization controller PC2, a fiber coupler FC3, a slave laser SL2, an adjustable fiber delay line DL, a photodetector PD2, a radio frequency amplifier RF3, a decryption module and an optical receiver; in the embodiment, the PD2 and the PD1 output signals have the same amplitude and opposite amplitudes; a distributed feedback semiconductor laser DFB is also selected from the laser SL 2;
the optical receiver comprises a polarization controller PC3, a coherent receiver and a local oscillator CW 3;
at a receiving end, firstly, an optical signal generated by a main laser at the transmitting end and a modulated optical signal output by PM2 are separated by a wavelength division demultiplexer DMUX; then, the optical signal generated by the master laser is injected into the slave laser SL2 after the optical power is adjusted by the adjustable optical attenuator VOA2 and the transmission direction is controlled by the optical isolator ISO2 and the polarization direction is controlled by the polarization controller PC 2; inputting the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 to a decryption module;
the chaotic light signal output from the laser SL2 is divided into two paths through an optical fiber coupler FC3, wherein one path receives the injection light signal of the main laser; the other path of optical signal is subjected to delay processing through an adjustable optical fiber delay line DL, then is converted into a chaotic electric signal through a photoelectric detector PD2, is subjected to amplitude amplification through a radio frequency amplifier RF3, is input into a decryption module and is used as a driving signal of a phase modulator PM3 for phase decryption;
in the decryption module, the decryption module receives the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 and takes the modulated optical signal as an input signal, and then chaotic phase modulation is carried out under the action of a driving signal to output the modulated optical signal to an optical receiver;
in the optical receiver, after the polarization direction of the modulated optical signal output by the decryption module is controlled by a polarization controller PC3, the modulated optical signal is input to a coherent receiver at a receiving end, a local oscillator CW3 provides a local oscillator optical signal for the coherent receiver, and finally, the original signal is recovered by the coherent receiver.
Fig. 2 is a spectrum diagram of a QPSK signal after encryption and decryption.
In this embodiment, a back-to-back transmission experiment and a 50km transmission experiment are respectively adopted, wherein the first line is a back-to-back transmission experiment constellation diagram and the second line is a 50km transmission experiment constellation diagram, wherein fig. 2(a) and (d) are original QPSK signal constellation diagrams; FIGS. 2(b), (c) are) encrypted signal constellations; fig. 2(c) and (f) are diagrams of QPSK signal constellation decrypted by the receiving end. Compared with the original QPSK signal, after the chaotic phase encryption proposed by the scheme, the phase of the constellation diagram is completely disturbed, and each constellation point cannot be distinguished, so that the safety of signal transmission in a link is ensured. The bit error rate of the eavesdropper is calculated to be close to 0.5. For a legal receiver, after corresponding chaotic phase decryption, the QPSK signal can be correctly recovered, each constellation point can be obviously distinguished, and the corresponding error rate is lower than 3 multiplied by 10 -5 Thus verifying the feasibility of the solution.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the synchronization effect of the chaotic driving signals generated by the two parties of communication.
In this example we verified the secure transmission of a signal with 25Gbps bit rate and QPSK modulation format over a 50km optical fiber link. As shown in fig. 3, wherein fig. 3(a) is a time domain waveform diagram of the output signal of the master laser; fig. 3(b) is a time domain waveform diagram of the output signal of the transmitting terminal SL 1; fig. 3(c) is a time domain waveform diagram of the output signal of the receiving terminal SL 2; FIG. 3(d) is a cross-correlation plot of the main laser output signal and the transmit side SL1 output signal; fig. 3(e) is a cross-correlation diagram between the output signals of SL1 and SL2 of both communications parties.
We use cross-Correlation Coefficients (CC) to quantify the correlation between their output signals. On the one hand, the chaotic signals generated by the transmitting end and the receiving end SL have very high correlation, and here, we adopt a common Cross-Correlation Coefficient (CC) to quantize the synchronization performance [ n.jiang, a.k.zhao, c.p.xue, j.m.tang, and k.qiu, "Physical security communication based on private temporal spatial phase encryption/decryption," op.let.44 (7), 1536-loop 1539 (2019) ], and the closer the CC value is to 1, the better the synchronization performance, and usually, when the CC value exceeds 0.9, the signal synchronization is realized. The cross-correlation coefficient of the signals generated by the scheme is as high as 0.95, so that the high correlation ensures the correct demodulation of the signals. On the other hand, there is no correlation (CC <0.1) between the co-injection signal generated by the main laser DL and the chaotic signal generated by both communication parties, and since only the broadband random optical signal output by DL will be transmitted in the public link, the privacy of the security of the chaotic signal generated by the local SL of both communication parties is ensured.
Although the illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described in order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and that various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters of the invention using the inventive concepts are protected.
Claims (4)
1. A physical layer secret optical fiber communication system based on chaos phase encryption is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a sending end, a receiving end and an optical fiber link for connecting the sending end and the receiving end;
the transmitting end comprises: the system comprises a master laser, a slave laser 1, an optical transmitter, a fiber coupler FC1, a polarization controller PC1, a fiber isolator ISO1, a variable optical attenuator VOA1, a photoelectric detector PD1, a radio frequency amplifier RF1, an encryption module and a wavelength division multiplexer MUX;
wherein the master laser comprises a continuous light laser CW1, an arbitrary waveform generator AWG, a radio frequency amplifier RF2 and a phase modulator PM 1; the optical transmitter comprises a CW light source, an IQ modulator and an AWG;
at a sending end, an arbitrary waveform generator AWG generates a Gaussian white noise signal, and the Gaussian white noise signal is amplified by a radio frequency amplifier RF2 and then is input to a phase modulator PM1 to serve as a driving signal of PM 1; when an optical signal output by CW1 is input to a phase modulator PM1, a modulated optical signal is output under the phase modulation effect of a drive signal, and is divided into two identical paths by an optical fiber coupler FC1, wherein one path of optical signal is sequentially subjected to optical power adjustment by an adjustable optical attenuator VOA1, transmission direction control by an optical isolator ISO1 and polarization direction control by a polarization controller PC1, and then is injected into a slave laser SL 1; the other path is used as an optical signal output by the main laser;
the chaotic light signal output by the SL1 is divided into two paths through an optical fiber coupler FC2, wherein one path receives the injection light signal of the main laser; the other path of optical signal is converted into a chaotic electric signal through a photoelectric detector PD1, is subjected to amplitude amplification through a radio frequency amplifier RF1 and is input into an encryption module to serve as a driving signal of a phase modulator PM 2;
the optical transmitter comprises a continuous optical laser CW2, an IQ modulator and an arbitrary waveform generator AWG;
an optical carrier output by CW2 is input to an IQ modulator, the IQ modulator receives a signal generated by an AWG (arrayed waveguide grating) of an arbitrary waveform generator, modulates the signal by I, Q to generate a high-order modulation signal, inputs the high-order modulation signal to an encryption module to serve as an input optical signal of PM2 in the encryption module, and then carries out chaotic phase modulation on PM2 under a driving signal to output a modulated optical signal;
finally, the optical signal output by the main laser and the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 are multiplexed to the optical fiber link through the wavelength division Multiplexer (MUX);
the optical fiber link comprises a single mode fiber SMF, a dispersion compensation fiber DCF and a fiber amplifier EDFA;
in the optical fiber link, optical signals are transmitted through a single mode fiber SMF, then chromatic dispersion introduced by the optical fiber link is compensated through a chromatic dispersion compensation fiber DCF, finally signal optical power attenuation caused by the optical fiber link is compensated through an optical fiber amplifier EDFA, and the signals are input to a receiving end;
the receiving end includes: the device comprises a wavelength division demultiplexer DMUX, an adjustable optical attenuator VOA2, a fiber isolator ISO2, a polarization controller PC2, an optical fiber coupler FC3, an adjustable optical fiber delay line DL, a photodetector PD2, a radio frequency amplifier RF3, a decryption module and an optical receiver;
the optical receiver comprises a polarization controller PC3, a coherent receiver and a local oscillator CW 3;
at a receiving end, firstly, an optical signal generated by a main laser at a sending end and a modulated optical signal output by PM2 are separated by a wavelength division demultiplexer DMUX; then, the optical signal generated by the master laser is injected into the slave laser SL2 after the optical power is adjusted by the variable optical attenuator VOA2 and the transmission direction is controlled by the optical isolator ISO2 and the polarization direction is controlled by the polarization controller PC 2; inputting the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 to a decryption module;
the chaotic light signal output from the laser SL2 is divided into two paths through an optical fiber coupler FC3, wherein one path receives the injection light signal of the main laser; the other path of optical signal is subjected to delay processing through an adjustable optical fiber delay line DL, then is converted into a chaotic electric signal through a photoelectric detector PD2, is subjected to amplitude amplification through a radio frequency amplifier RF3, is input into a decryption module, and is used as a driving signal of a phase modulator PM3 for phase decryption;
in the decryption module, the decryption module receives the modulated optical signal output by the PM2 and takes the modulated optical signal as an input signal, and then chaotic phase modulation is carried out under the action of a driving signal to output the modulated optical signal to an optical receiver;
in the optical receiver, the modulated optical signal output by the decryption module is input to a coherent receiver at a receiving end after the polarization direction is controlled by a polarization controller PC3, the local oscillator CW3 provides a local oscillator optical signal for the coherent receiver, and finally the original signal is recovered by the coherent receiver.
2. The chaotic phase encryption-based physical layer privacy fiber optic communication system of claim 1, wherein the PD2 and the PD1 output signals have the same amplitude and opposite amplitudes.
3. The physical layer privacy-preserving fiber optic communication system based on chaotic phase encryption as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slave lasers SL1 and SL2 are distributed feedback semiconductor lasers DFB.
4. The physical layer privacy-preserving fiber optic communication system based on chaotic phase encryption as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal transmitted by the optical transmitter is any high-order modulated optical signal.
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