CN111271037A - Intelligent steering and fracturing process for coal bed gas - Google Patents
Intelligent steering and fracturing process for coal bed gas Download PDFInfo
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- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical group OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/261—Separate steps of (1) cementing, plugging or consolidating and (2) fracturing or attacking the formation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/72—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids
- C09K8/74—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids combined with additives added for specific purposes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a temporary plugging steering fracturing technology in a coal bed gas mining process, in particular to an intelligent steering fracturing technology for coal bed gas. In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme, and the intelligent steering fracturing process for the coal bed gas sequentially comprises the following steps of: injecting fracturing fluid into the stratum by using a high-pressure hydraulic pump truck under the condition that the pressure is higher than the fracture pressure of the stratum, and pressing open a first crack; respectively placing the main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent steering agent into different liquid preparation tanks in a construction site; injecting a displacing liquid into the shaft, stopping the pump, closing the well and building pressure after the main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent diverting agent in the shaft completely enter the reservoir stratum; closing the well and keeping the pressure for 0min-120 min; injecting residual fracturing fluid and pressing new cracks; and (5) pressure relief is carried out, and construction is finished. The invention realizes the temporary plugging, steering and fracturing of the coal bed gas by the intelligent diverting agent which is liquid on the ground, blocks old cracks and opens new cracks, can be completely liquefied and smoothly flows back after construction, and has simple, convenient, safe and efficient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temporary plugging steering fracturing technology in a coal bed gas mining process, in particular to an intelligent steering fracturing technology for coal bed gas.
Background
The coal bed gas is used as a high-potential clean energy, has huge resource amount, and is the most promising and realistic backup resource for supplementing and replacing conventional natural gas resources. The coal bed gas resources in China are rich, and the development of the coal bed gas has important significance for guaranteeing the energy safety, coal mine safe production, environmental protection and the like in China.
The geological conditions of the coalbed methane reservoir are complex, the coal formation later stage is subjected to strong tectonic destruction, the tectonic coal is developed, the coal bed is high in breaking degree, the original storage structure of the coal is destroyed, and the coalbed methane reservoir has the typical characteristics of three-low coalbed methane reservoir, namely low pressure, low permeability and low gas saturation, and meanwhile, the coalbed methane reservoir also has the heterogeneous characteristic, and the three-bottom coalbed methane is difficult to be developed efficiently by depending on the traditional mining technology. Because coal reservoirs have the characteristics of low pressure, low permeability, low saturation and the like, if a reasonable yield increasing strategy is not adopted in the process of coal bed gas exploitation, the difficulty of exploitation is increased, and the yield of the coal bed gas is reduced.
Most coal bed gas wells need to improve the permeability of a coal reservoir by means of a fracturing process, but the conventional fracturing technology has low coal bed modification degree, and the obtained modification volume and the pressure reduction area are limited. For exploring more efficient coal bed transformation technology and coal bed gas temporary plugging steering fracturing technology, the study of scholars at home and abroad on the aspect is less at present, and the study mainly comprises coal bed gas ice crystal temporary plugging steering technology, coal bed gas velvet bag fluid temporary plugging steering technology and the like, and the problems exist: the solid-phase particle temporary plugging is difficult to realize the uniform carrying of the carrying fluid; the condition of incomplete blockage or blockage can occur, so that the steering effect of temporary blockage is not ideal; the reservoir is easily damaged; the construction cost is high. Therefore, a novel coal bed gas intelligent steering fracturing process is provided, the temporary solid plug is formed by utilizing the phase state change generated by intelligent steering liquid, the longitudinal plane plug without holes and the transverse volume plug are formed on a coal bed, the liquid injected together with the intelligent steering agent is returned after fracturing is finished, the space in a crack is made, a seepage channel is formed, and the permeability of the crack is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent steering and fracturing process for coal bed gas, which realizes temporary blocking, steering and fracturing of the coal bed gas by an intelligent steering agent in a liquid state on the ground, blocks old cracks and opens new cracks, can be completely liquefied and smoothly flowback after construction, and is simple, convenient, safe and efficient to operate.
In order to achieve the above technical objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
The intelligent steering and fracturing process for the coal bed gas sequentially comprises the following steps of:
(1) injecting fracturing fluid into the stratum by using a high-pressure hydraulic pump truck under the condition that the fracturing pressure of the stratum is higher than the fracturing pressure of the stratum, pressing a first crack open, stopping pumping after the generated crack reaches the geometrical size of the crack required by the design, wherein the fracturing fluid is 0.5 mass percent of potassium chloride solution;
(2) in a construction site, a main agent and an auxiliary agent of an intelligent steering agent are respectively placed in different liquid preparation tanks, the main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent steering agent are injected separately, wherein the main agent is injected from a sand mixing truck at a high discharge capacity, the auxiliary agent is injected by adopting a small pump at a small discharge capacity (the discharge capacity of the small pump requires 50L/min-150L/min), the main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent steering agent are injected according to a certain proportion (100: 5-100: 15) and are mixed in a shaft and enter a crack, the intelligent steering agent is stimulated by temperature in a coal reservoir to change from a liquid state into a solid state, so that non-porous longitudinal plane blockage and non-porous transverse volume blockage are formed on a coal seam, and the plugging strength;
(3) injecting a displacement liquid into the shaft, stopping pumping, closing the well and holding pressure after the main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent diverting agent in the shaft completely enter the reservoir stratum, wherein the displacement liquid is 3 mass percent of ammonium chloride solution or 3 mass percent of potassium chloride solution;
(4) closing the well and keeping the pressure for 0-120 min to ensure that the intelligent diverting agent is completely changed into a solid state in the coal reservoir to form plugging;
(5) injecting residual fracturing fluid and pressing new cracks;
(6) and (5) pressure relief is carried out, and construction is finished.
The intelligent steering agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5-15% of glucosamine hydrochloride, 10-20% of N-methyl-D-glucosamine hydrochloride, 1-20% of water-soluble regulator, 0.2-0.5% of surfactant, 0.1-0.2% of mutual dispersing agent, 5-20% of acrylamide, 1-10% of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 5-10% of accelerator and 50-60% of water.
The water-soluble regulator is lactic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, etc.;
the surfactant is polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether, sodium alkylaryl sulfonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate;
the dispersing mutual solvent is isopropanol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, sodium oleate and hexenyl bis stearamide;
the promoter is triethanolamine, formaldehyde, tetramethyl thiourea, cinnamaldehyde, p-chlorobenzoic acid, vanillin, etc.
The preparation process of the intelligent diverting agent comprises the following steps: firstly, taking a certain amount of water, then respectively adding glucosamine hydrochloride, N-methyl-D-glucosamine hydrochloride, a water-soluble regulator, a surfactant and a dispersing mutual solvent, and then uniformly stirring to prepare an intelligent steering agent main agent; acrylamide, N methylene bisacrylamide and an accelerant are mixed according to a certain proportion to prepare the auxiliary agent of the intelligent steering agent.
The invention provides a brand-new coal bed gas temporary plugging diversion fracturing technology, namely a coal bed gas intelligent diversion fracturing technology, which is suitable for yield increase transformation of a coal bed gas reservoir by combining common characteristics of softness, large surface area, strong adsorbability, low pressure, natural fracture system development and the like of the coal reservoir. The principle is that after being injected into a coal bed, the intelligent diverter is stimulated by temperature to change from a liquid state into a solid state, and the coal bed cracks are plugged, so that new cracks are pressed, natural cracks of the coal bed are communicated, a crack network is formed, the crack permeability is greatly improved, and the yield is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
under the condition that the research on the temporary plugging and turning fracturing of the coal bed gas is less, the invention provides a new idea for the temporary plugging and turning fracturing of the coal bed gas, compared with the conventional temporary plugging and turning fracturing technology of the coal bed gas, the invention does not need to inject a solid-phase temporary plugging agent into a stratum, but injects a phase-change intelligent diverting agent into a coal bed with a crack, the intelligent diverting agent is a flowable liquid phase on the ground and in the injection process, the intelligent diverting agent is stimulated by temperature to change from a liquid state into a solid state to form plugging after entering a reservoir stratum, the intelligent diverting agent can be completely changed into the liquid state after construction, and is discharged along with a return liquid, thereby not causing damage to the stratum and having high plugging strength. Because of liquid injection, the friction resistance of the pipe column can be effectively reduced, the requirements on construction equipment, ground pipelines, well heads and construction pipe columns are reduced, the construction cost is effectively reduced, and the construction risk and potential safety hazards are reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention is already applied to the field construction, and has obvious effect, and the main and auxiliary agents of the intelligent steering agent in the field construction are all mixed in a ratio of 100: 7.5.
Example 1
(1) And (5) performing first-stage fracturing construction.
The first stage of fracturing construction finds that: the pressure rises along with the rising of the displacement, when the displacement of the sleeve is maximum, the oil pressure is also maximum, the displacement of the sleeve is stable thereafter, the oil pressure rapidly drops about 8.58MPa, and the crack formation characteristic is obvious.
(2) And (4) injecting an intelligent diverting agent.
The observation of the stage of injecting the intelligent diverting agent shows that: the oil pressure is reduced to 40MPa from 45.3MPa before the intelligent steering agent is injected, the pressure of a steering rear sleeve is reduced to 5.3MPa, meanwhile, the pressure of a steering agent front sleeve is 44MPa, the pressure of the steering rear sleeve is reduced to 40.5MPa, the pressure is reduced by 3.5MPa, and the average pressure of an oil sleeve is reduced by 4.4MPa, which shows that the intelligent steering agent blocks a coal bed, and the new fracture initiation oil pressure and the sleeve pressure are reduced.
(3) And performing second-stage fracturing construction.
The second stage of fracturing construction shows that: the oil pressure was increased once to 48.16MPa and the jacket pressure was slowly increased to 44.2 MPa.
In general, the pressure of an oil sleeve before and after the intelligent steering agent is injected is averagely reduced by 4.4MPa, a new crack is initiated, the oil pressure and the sleeve pressure are reduced, and the obvious steering effect is achieved.
Example 2
(1) And (5) performing first-stage fracturing construction.
Known from the first stage of fracturing construction: the oil pressure is rapidly increased, the oil pressure is rapidly decreased after the oil pressure is up to 47.21MPa and is reduced to 41.29MPa as the minimum, the casing pressure is also rapidly increased, the oil pressure is rapidly decreased after the oil pressure is up to 29.31MPa and is reduced to 21.88MPa as the minimum, which indicates that cracks are generated in the stratum;
(2) and injecting a first-stage intelligent diverting agent.
The main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent diverting agent are mixed and injected into a hopper of the sand mixing truck, the oil pressure is maintained at 18.16MPa, and the sleeve pressure is maintained at 16.88 MPa.
(3) And performing second-stage fracturing construction.
The second stage of fracturing construction shows that: the casing pressure is increased to 25.23MPa rapidly and then is increased slowly continuously, the oil pressure is decreased to 35.16MPa rapidly after being increased to 39.22MPa rapidly and is kept stable, and the pressure drop is 4.06MPa, which indicates that the new crack is generated when the intelligent diverting agent is injected to block the reservoir.
(4) And injecting a second-stage intelligent diverting agent.
The main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent diverting agent are mixed and injected into a hopper of the sand mixing truck, the oil pressure is maintained at 20.76MPa, and the sleeve pressure is maintained at 19.63 MPa.
(5) And performing third-stage fracturing construction.
The discovery of the third stage fracturing construction: the oil pressure is kept stable after being increased to 37.12MPa and then increased to 38.29MPa, the sleeve pressure is kept stable at 28.76MPa after being increased and then decreased to about 25.39MPa and decreased by 3.38MPa, which indicates that new cracks are initiated to achieve the steering effect, but the steering time is delayed, and the ground temperature of a construction site is considered to be lower and 2 ℃.
The above-described examples are some, but not all, examples of the present invention. The detailed description of the implementations of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other examples, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The intelligent coal bed gas steering and fracturing process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) injecting fracturing fluid into the stratum by using a high-pressure hydraulic pump truck under the condition that the fracturing pressure of the stratum is higher than the fracturing pressure of the stratum, pressing a first crack open, stopping pumping after the generated crack reaches the geometrical size of the crack required by the design, wherein the fracturing fluid is 0.5 mass percent of potassium chloride solution;
(2) in a construction site, a main agent and an auxiliary agent of the intelligent steering agent are respectively placed in different liquid preparation tanks, the main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent steering agent are injected separately, wherein the main agent is injected from a sand mixing truck with higher discharge capacity, the auxiliary agent is injected by adopting a pump with small discharge capacity, the main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent steering agent are injected according to a certain proportion, so that the main agent and the auxiliary agent are mixed in a shaft and enter a crack, the intelligent steering agent is stimulated by temperature in a coal reservoir and is changed from a liquid state into a solid state, non-porous longitudinal plane blockage and transverse volume blockage are formed on a coal bed, and the blocking strength is high;
(3) injecting a displacement liquid into the shaft, stopping pumping, closing the well and holding pressure after the main agent and the auxiliary agent of the intelligent diverting agent in the shaft completely enter the reservoir stratum, wherein the displacement liquid is 3 mass percent of ammonium chloride solution or 3 mass percent of potassium chloride solution;
(4) closing the well and keeping the pressure for 0-120 min to ensure that the intelligent diverting agent is completely changed into a solid state in the coal reservoir to form plugging;
(5) injecting residual fracturing fluid and pressing new cracks;
(6) and (5) pressure relief is carried out, and construction is finished.
2. The intelligent coal bed methane steering and fracturing process of claim 1, wherein the intelligent steering agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5-15% of glucosamine hydrochloride, 10-20% of N-methyl-D-glucosamine hydrochloride, 1-20% of water-soluble regulator, 0.2-0.5% of surfactant, 0.1-0.2% of mutual dispersing agent, 5-20% of acrylamide, 1-10% of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 5-10% of accelerator and 50-60% of water.
3. The intelligent diversion and fracturing process of coal bed methane as claimed in claim 2, wherein said water-soluble modifier is lactic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid.
4. The intelligent directional fracturing process for coal bed methane according to claim 2, wherein the surfactant is polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether, sodium alkylaryl sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
5. The intelligent diversion and fracturing process for coal bed methane according to claim 2, wherein the dispersing mutual solvent is isopropanol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, sodium oleate, hexenyl bis stearamide.
6. The intelligent diversion fracturing process of coal bed methane as claimed in claim 2, wherein said accelerant is triethanolamine, formaldehyde, tetramethylthiourea, cinnamaldehyde, p-chlorobenzoic acid, vanillin.
7. The intelligent diversion and fracturing process for coal bed methane according to claim 2, wherein the preparation process of the intelligent diversion agent is as follows: firstly, taking a certain amount of water, then respectively adding glucosamine hydrochloride, N-methyl-D-glucosamine hydrochloride, a water-soluble regulator, a surfactant and a dispersing mutual solvent, and then uniformly stirring to prepare an intelligent steering agent main agent; acrylamide, N methylene bisacrylamide and an accelerant are mixed according to a certain proportion to prepare the auxiliary agent of the intelligent steering agent.
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