CN111259465B - Drilling process simulation method and system - Google Patents
Drilling process simulation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111259465B CN111259465B CN201811454342.5A CN201811454342A CN111259465B CN 111259465 B CN111259465 B CN 111259465B CN 201811454342 A CN201811454342 A CN 201811454342A CN 111259465 B CN111259465 B CN 111259465B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling process simulation method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring input parameters of each well depth node in a start-stop well depth range of a simulation target; carrying out simulation calculation according to the input parameters to obtain a simulation result corresponding to each well depth node; determining input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation number of simulation results; calculating interpolation data corresponding to each interpolation point between the two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolation quantity, wherein the input parameters and the simulation result corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation data corresponding to all the interpolation points between the two adjacent well depth nodes meet linear change; and using the interpolation data as a drilling continuous simulation process between the two adjacent well depth nodes. According to the method, the underground drilling process can be simulated; compared with the prior art, the simulation result of the method is closer to the actual field situation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration and development, in particular to a drilling process simulation method and system.
Background
In practical application scenarios, the drilling operation of geological exploration and development is a rather complicated engineering operation. The method has the characteristics of large field workload, complex flow, high operation difficulty, many uncertain factors and the like. Therefore, in order to avoid construction errors in drilling operation as much as possible, in the prior art, drilling operation simulation operation is introduced for the drilling operation, so that the drilling operation process is simulated in a simulation environment, and the purposes of early leakage detection and gap filling, personnel training and the like are achieved.
However, in the prior art, most simulation methods related to the drilling process are oriented to training scenes, and most of the simulation methods are focused on the simulation of the above-ground situation, and focused on links such as the formation of graphic display after the model result is called, or the interaction between the model and the graphic component. However, with the increasing depth of exploration and development of oil and gas resources, the difficulty of drilling construction is also increasing, oil and gas are buried deeply under many conditions, the attributes of related strata are complex, and engineering technicians need a technology capable of simulating the underground drilling process by using a computer, so that the conditions possibly occurring underground in the drilling process can be found on the computer, and the design scheme or the construction scheme can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a drilling process simulation method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring input parameters of each well depth node in a starting and stopping well depth range of a simulation target;
carrying out simulation calculation according to the input parameters to obtain a simulation result corresponding to each well depth node;
determining input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation number of simulation results;
calculating interpolation data corresponding to each interpolation point between the two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolation number, wherein the input parameters and the simulation results corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation data corresponding to all the interpolation points between the two adjacent well depth nodes meet linear change;
and using the interpolation data as a drilling continuous simulation process between the two adjacent well depth nodes.
In an embodiment, the input parameters and the simulation results corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation data between the two adjacent well depth nodes satisfy linear change, wherein the input parameters and the simulation results corresponding to one well depth node are used as a state vector, and the two state vectors corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes are two ends of the linear change process respectively.
In one embodiment, according to a formula
S ij ＝S i +j*S diff /k
Calculating interpolation data between the two adjacent well depth nodes, wherein:
S i the state vector of the input parameter and the simulation result containing the ith well depth node is obtained;
S ij interpolation data corresponding to a jth interpolation point between the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node;
S diff the difference vector of the input parameters of the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node and the state vector of the simulation result is obtained;
j belongs to 0 to k-1, and k is the interpolation number between the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node.
In one embodiment, input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation number of simulation results are determined, wherein the drilling rate of each well depth node is determined according to the simulation results, and the interpolation number is determined according to the drilling rate.
In one embodiment, the interpolated number is determined from the rate of penetration, wherein the interpolated number is determined from the rate of penetration based on a number of frames displayed in the simulation.
In one embodiment, the distance between two adjacent well depth nodes is 1 meter.
In one embodiment, the input parameters include a start-stop well depth, a well bore configuration, a drilling assembly, drilling fluid parameters, and construction parameters.
In one embodiment, the simulation results include the rate of penetration of the well depth node, formation pressure along the well depth, the borehole annulus ECD, and the friction and torque along the well depth.
The invention also provides a drilling process simulation system, which comprises:
the input acquisition module is configured to acquire input parameters of each well depth node in a start-stop well depth range of the simulation target;
the simulation calculation module is configured to perform simulation calculation according to the input parameters and obtain a simulation result corresponding to each well depth node;
the interpolation quantity calculation module is configured to determine the input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation quantity of the simulation result;
an interpolation calculation module configured to calculate interpolation data corresponding to each interpolation point between the two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolation number, wherein the input parameters and the simulation results corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes, and the interpolation data corresponding to all the interpolation points between the two adjacent well depth nodes satisfy linear changes;
a simulation output module configured to use the interpolated data as a drilling continuation simulation process between the two adjacent well depth nodes.
In an embodiment, the interpolation calculation module is configured to use the input parameter of any well depth node and the corresponding simulation result as a state vector, and make two state vectors corresponding to two adjacent well depth nodes respectively be two ends of a linear change process.
According to the method, the underground drilling process can be simulated; compared with the prior art, the simulation result of the method is closer to the actual field situation, so that the possible underground situation in the drilling process can be found on a computer, and the design scheme or the construction scheme can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows. Also, some of the features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and some of the advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the process particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a system architecture diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be given to embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that the implementer of the present invention can fully understand how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems, achieve the implementation process of the technical effects, and implement the present invention specifically according to the implementation process. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
Along with increasingly deep exploration and development of oil and gas resources, the difficulty of well drilling construction is also increasing, oil and gas are buried deeply under many conditions, the attributes of related strata are complex, engineering technicians need a technology capable of simulating the underground drilling process by using a computer, so that the conditions possibly occurring underground in the well drilling process can be found on the computer, and the design scheme or the construction scheme can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
Aiming at the technical requirements in the prior art, the invention provides a drilling process simulation method for an underground drilling process. The drilling process is a continuous process, the main purpose of the simulation is to perform continuous simulation calculation for the drilling process, and the calculation amount of the process is very large. Furthermore, the basis of simulation is actual measurement data, the more and more accurate the actual measurement data input during simulation calculation, the closer the finally obtained simulation result is to the actual situation, however, the increase of the number of actual sampling points will bring the problems of increased sampling workload and increased simulation calculation processing capacity.
Therefore, in order to seek the balance among the accuracy of simulation calculation, workload and data processing capacity, in the method, data acquisition and simulation calculation are carried out on a limited number of well depth nodes within the range of the starting and stopping well depth of the simulation target, interpolation calculation is carried out among the sampled well depth nodes according to the acquired data and the simulation result, and the interpolation result is used for filling, so that a relatively continuous simulation result of the drilling process is finally constructed.
According to the method, the effectiveness of the simulation result can be directly influenced by interpolation data between two adjacent well depth nodes. Therefore, in order to ensure that the interpolated data is as close to the actual field situation as possible, in the method of the present invention, the interpolated data is calculated based on linear variations.
Furthermore, in the interpolation calculation process, the continuity, smoothness and simulation calculation amount of the simulation result are directly influenced by the interpolation quantity between two adjacent well depth nodes. Therefore, in the method of the present invention, before the interpolation calculation, the input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation number of the simulation result are determined. Specifically, different interpolation numbers are set according to different application scene requirements.
According to the method, the underground drilling process can be simulated; compared with the prior art, the simulation result of the method is closer to the actual field situation, so that the possible underground situation in the drilling process can be found on a computer, and the design scheme or the construction scheme can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
Next, an implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail based on the flowchart. The steps shown in the flow chart of the figure may be performed in a computer system containing, for example, a set of computer executable instructions. Although a logical order of steps is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in a different order than presented herein.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the method of the present invention includes the following steps:
s110, acquiring input parameters of each well depth node in the starting and stopping well depth range of the simulation target;
s120, carrying out simulation calculation according to the input parameters to obtain a simulation result corresponding to each well depth node;
s130, determining input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation number of simulation results;
s140, calculating interpolation data corresponding to each interpolation point between two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolation quantity, wherein the input parameters and the simulation results corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation data corresponding to all the interpolation points between the two adjacent well depth nodes meet linear change;
s150, using the interpolation data as a drilling continuous simulation process between two adjacent well depth nodes.
Further, in an embodiment, the input parameter and the simulation result corresponding to two adjacent well depth nodes, and the interpolation data between the two adjacent well depth nodes satisfy linear change, where the input parameter and the simulation result corresponding to one well depth node are used as a state vector, and the two state vectors corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes are two ends of the linear change process, respectively.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the formula is based on
S ij ＝S i +j*S diff /k(1)
Calculating interpolation data between two adjacent well depth nodes, wherein:
S i the state vector of the input parameter and the simulation result containing the ith well depth node is obtained;
S ij interpolation data corresponding to a jth interpolation point between the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node;
S diff the difference vector of the input parameters of the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node and the state vector of the simulation result is obtained;
j belongs to 0 to k-1, and k is the interpolation number between the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node.
Further, although the drilling process is a continuous process, the drilling process is a complex process due to the diversity and discontinuity of formation changes. This results in differences in conditions between adjacent well depth nodes of different groups, and the lower interpolation limits between adjacent well depth nodes of different groups are also different for the sake of continuity and smoothness of the simulation results. In order to ensure that the lower interpolation limit between all the groups of adjacent well depth nodes is met, a relatively high interpolation number (relatively more interpolation points are set) needs to be set, and the high interpolation number increases the simulation calculation amount. Therefore, in order to ensure continuity and smoothness of the simulation result, the amount of simulation calculation is reduced as much as possible. In one embodiment, separate settings of the number of interpolations are made for different sets of adjacent well depth nodes.
Further, if the interpolation number is individually set for each group of adjacent well depth nodes, a large amount of work is inevitably consumed. Therefore, in one embodiment, a unified interpolation number setting strategy is constructed. Specifically, considering that the drilling speed is directly related to the change of the stratum state and the change of the drilling state in the drilling process, in the method, the interpolation number of different well depth stages is set according to the change of the drilling speed, so that the interpolation number is reduced as far as possible on the premise of ensuring that the interpolation number meets the simulation requirement.
Specifically, in one embodiment, in the process of determining the input parameters of the two corresponding adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation number of the simulation results according to the drilling rate, the reference system parameters related to the drilling rate are determined from the input parameters or the simulation results, and the input parameters of the two corresponding adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation number of the simulation results are determined according to the values of the reference system parameters of the two corresponding adjacent well depth nodes.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the process of determining the interpolation number includes:
determining reference system parameters from the input parameters or the simulation result, wherein the reference system parameters are related to the drilling speed;
and calculating the average value of the reference system parameters corresponding to two adjacent well depth nodes, and calculating the interpolation quantity according to the average value.
Further, in consideration of the situation that the simulation result is displayed on the computer, in one embodiment, the interpolation number is calculated according to the average value of the reference system parameters corresponding to two adjacent well depth nodes based on the number of frames of the analog display.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the frame of reference parameter is the rate of penetration or the time of penetration.
Specifically, in one embodiment, when the frame of reference parameter is the rate of penetration, the equation is based on
Calculating the interpolation number, wherein:
k is the interpolation number;
f is the number of frames per second of the analog display.
Specifically, in one embodiment, when the frame of reference parameter is drill, it is based on the formula
Calculating the interpolation number, wherein:
k is the interpolation number;
f is the number of frames per second of the analog display.
It should be noted here that, in different embodiments, in the above-described flow, the obtaining of a plurality of input parameters, the simulation calculation of a plurality of input parameters, the determination of the interpolation number for a plurality of sets of two adjacent well depth nodes, and the calculation of the interpolation data for a plurality of sets of two adjacent well depth nodes may be performed in parallel, or the obtaining of one input parameter, the simulation calculation of one input parameter, the determination of the interpolation number for a set of two adjacent well depth nodes, and the calculation of the interpolation data for a set of two adjacent well depth nodes may be performed separately and separately.
Specifically, in one embodiment, first, input parameters of each well depth node in a starting-stopping well depth range of a simulation target are obtained; then, carrying out simulation calculation according to the acquired input parameters to acquire a simulation result corresponding to each well depth node; and then sequentially calling the input parameters and the simulation results of two adjacent well depth nodes according to the well depth sequence, determining the interpolation quantity, calculating to obtain interpolation data and outputting the interpolation data, thereby outputting the simulation results of the drilling process according to the well depth sequence.
Further, although the drilling process is a continuous process, the drilling process is a complex process due to the diversity and discontinuity of formation changes. This results in variability in the conditions between different well depth nodes. In order to match the simulation result to the actual situation as much as possible, in one embodiment, different simulation calculation models are used for different well depth nodes.
Further, in order to simplify the simulation computation amount, in an embodiment, the well depth nodes are classified, and corresponding simulation computation models are matched for different types of well depth nodes.
Further, in an embodiment, the distance between two adjacent well depth nodes is set to be 1 meter. Namely, in the range of the starting and stopping well depth of the simulation target, along the well depth, data acquisition is carried out on each whole meter to obtain input parameters.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the input parameters for acquiring data for each well depth node include start-stop well depth, well bore structure, drilling tool assembly, drilling fluid parameters, and construction parameters.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the simulation results obtained by the simulation calculation include the rate of penetration of the well depth nodes, the formation pressure along the well depth, the well annulus ECD, and the friction and torque along the well depth.
The following describes the method execution flow according to the embodiment of the present invention in detail according to a specific application scenario.
In one embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
(1) relevant parameters of the section of the target well to be simulated include (without limitation): starting and stopping well depth, well body structure, drilling tool assembly, drilling fluid parameters, construction parameters and the like, corresponding data of each whole meter are organized into 1 input parameter along the well depth within the range of the starting and stopping well depth, and finally an input parameter set which covers the range of the starting and stopping well depth and contains n whole meters is formed.
(2) And (4) setting the starting well depth to be the nth meter and the ending well depth to be the mth meter, and iterating from n to m to perform the following steps.
(3) Carrying out simulation calculation on input parameters at the ith meter (with the initial value of n), and sequentially inputting the input parameters into drilling simulation calculation models, wherein the models can be built by other systems or formulas, the models receive a group of input parameters in the main sense and calculate corresponding output results, and the calculated results include (but are not limited to); the mechanical drilling speed at the meter, the formation pressure along the well depth, the well annulus ECD, the friction resistance and the torque along the well depth and the like.
(4) Taking the input parameters and the calculation result data of the ith meter as a state, and recording as S i ，S i Can be viewed as a vector having a plurality of components.
(5) And (4) performing simulation calculation on the input parameters at the (i + 1) th meter, wherein the specific process is the same as the step (3).
(6) Taking the input parameter of the (i + 1) th meter and the calculation result data as a state, and recording as S i+1 。
(7) Will S i And S i+1 And (5) regarding the difference value calculation of each component as a vector, and solving the difference value. Namely:
S diff ＝S i+1 -S i (4)。
(8) calculating S according to the set step length k of the continuous process and a linear change method i And S i+1 J (j belonging to 0 to K-1) S in between ij I.e. using equation 1.
(9) Will S i And k S together ij As a continuous simulation process of drilling from i meters to i +1 meters. And then returns to (3) to continue the iteration at the next meter. Until m meters is reached.
In a specific application scenario, according to an embodiment of the invention, a drilling design of a key well in an oil field exploration block is simulated, and drilling operation risks of an X well in the block are simulated before drilling. The starting and stopping well depth of a certain well section of the X well is 1000-1500m, the well body structure, the drilling tool assembly, the drilling fluid parameters, the construction parameters and other parameters are organized into 1 input parameter along the well depth within the starting and stopping well depth range, and finally an input parameter set which covers the starting and stopping well depth range and contains 500 meters is formed. From 1000 m to 1500m, carrying out simulation calculation on input parameters per m, sequentially inputting the input parameters into a well drilling simulation calculation model prepared for realizing, and calculating corresponding output results, including the data of the drilling rate at the m, the formation pressure along the well depth, the well bore annular ECD, the frictional resistance along the well depth, the torque and the like.
And calculating the interpolation result of each component in the middle of the calculation result of every two meters by using the proposed linear interpolation mode to form a complete interpolation result.
The drilling process of the X well is smoothly constructed through the process, the underground continuous process is simulated, and the visual experience similar to the real drilling process is formed.
In conclusion, according to the method, the state data of the key points are calculated for each meter, and the data frame is supplemented by a linear interpolation method according to the parameters between the two key points, so that a smooth drilling simulation mechanism is constructed, and the underground continuous process is simulated. The method can be used for previewing the underground drilling process in the pre-drilling stage of the drilling, simulating the continuous simulation drilling process on a computer, and forming visual experience similar to the real drilling process by combining with other visual components.
Furthermore, based on the method, the invention also provides a drilling process simulation system. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, the system includes:
an input acquisition module 210 configured to acquire input parameters of each well depth node within a start-stop well depth range of the simulation target;
a simulation calculation module 220 configured to perform simulation calculation according to the input parameters, and obtain a simulation result corresponding to each well depth node;
an interpolation quantity calculation module 230 configured to determine an input parameter between two adjacent well depth nodes and an interpolation quantity of the simulation result;
an interpolation calculation module 240 configured to calculate interpolation data corresponding to each interpolation point between two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolation number, wherein the input parameters and the simulation results corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes, and the interpolation data corresponding to all the interpolation points between the two adjacent well depth nodes satisfy linear changes;
a simulation output module 250 configured to output the interpolated data as a drilling continuation simulation process between two adjacent well depth nodes.
Further, in an embodiment, the interpolation computation module is configured to use the input parameter of any well depth node and the corresponding simulation result as a state vector, and make two state vectors corresponding to two adjacent well depth nodes respectively at two ends of the linear change process.
According to the system, the underground drilling process can be simulated; compared with the prior art, the simulation result of the system is closer to the actual field situation, so that a worker can find the situation possibly occurring underground in the drilling process on a computer, and further the design scheme or the construction scheme is adjusted in a targeted manner.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but rather, are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, appearances of the phrase "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. There are various other embodiments of the method of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of simulating a drilling process, the method comprising:
acquiring input parameters of each well depth node in a starting and stopping well depth range of a simulation target;
carrying out simulation calculation according to the input parameters to obtain a simulation result corresponding to each well depth node;
determining input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation number of simulation results;
calculating interpolation data corresponding to each interpolation point between the two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolation quantity, wherein the input parameters and the simulation result corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation data corresponding to all the interpolation points between the two adjacent well depth nodes meet linear change;
performing drilling continuous simulation between the two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolation data;
the input parameters and the simulation results corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation data between the two adjacent well depth nodes meet linear change, wherein the input parameters and the corresponding simulation results of one well depth node are used as a state vector, and the two state vectors corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes are respectively two ends of the linear change process;
according to the formula
S ij = S i + j * S diff / k
Calculating interpolation data between the two adjacent well depth nodes, wherein:
S i the state vector of the input parameter and the simulation result containing the ith well depth node is obtained;
S ij interpolation data corresponding to a jth interpolation point between the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node;
S diff the difference vector of the input parameters of the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node and the state vector of the simulation result is obtained;
j belongs to 0 to k-1, and k is the interpolation number between the ith well depth node and the (i + 1) th well depth node.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and an interpolated number of simulation results are determined, wherein a rate of penetration for each well depth node is determined from the simulation results and the interpolated number is determined from the rate of penetration.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the interpolated number is determined based on the rate of penetration based on a number of frames displayed in a simulation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein two adjacent well depth nodes are spaced 1 meter apart.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the input parameters comprise a start-stop well depth, a well bore configuration, a drilling assembly, a drilling fluid parameter, and a construction parameter.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the simulation results include the rate of penetration of well depth nodes, formation pressure along the well depth, well annulus ECD, and friction and torque along the well depth.
7. A drilling process simulation system, characterized in that the method according to any of claims 1-6 is performed, the system comprising:
the input acquisition module is configured to acquire input parameters of each well depth node in a starting and stopping well depth range of the simulation target;
the simulation calculation module is configured to perform simulation calculation according to the input parameters and obtain a simulation result corresponding to each well depth node;
the interpolation quantity calculation module is configured to determine the input parameters between two adjacent well depth nodes and the interpolation quantity of the simulation result;
an interpolation calculation module configured to calculate interpolation data corresponding to each interpolation point between the two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolation number, wherein the input parameters and the simulation results corresponding to the two adjacent well depth nodes, and the interpolation data corresponding to all the interpolation points between the two adjacent well depth nodes satisfy linear changes;
a simulation output module configured to perform a drilling continuity simulation between the two adjacent well depth nodes based on the interpolated data.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the interpolation computation module is configured to take the input parameters of any well depth node and the corresponding simulation result as a state vector, and make two state vectors corresponding to two adjacent well depth nodes respectively at two ends of the linear variation process.
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| GB0124445D0 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2001-12-05 | Smith International | Simulating the dynamic response of a drilling tool assembly and its application to drilling tool assembly design optimization and drilling performance optimi |
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