CN111259227A - Method and apparatus for sharing target retrieval service between multiple retrieval clusters - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for sharing target retrieval service between multiple retrieval clusters Download PDF

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CN111259227A
CN111259227A CN202010047947.3A CN202010047947A CN111259227A CN 111259227 A CN111259227 A CN 111259227A CN 202010047947 A CN202010047947 A CN 202010047947A CN 111259227 A CN111259227 A CN 111259227A
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retrieval
cluster
clusters
server
request
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CN111259227B (en
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李大虎
黄安武
申强
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Beijing Kuangshi Technology Co Ltd
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Qingdao Guangshi Technology Co Ltd
Beijing Kuangshi Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/953Querying, e.g. by the use of web search engines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/953Querying, e.g. by the use of web search engines
    • G06F16/9538Presentation of query results
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

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  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method, a device and a storage medium for sharing target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving registration-related information of each of the plurality of retrieval clusters from a plurality of proxy clients corresponding to each of the plurality of retrieval clusters to register each retrieval cluster; receiving a retrieval request of a first retrieval cluster from a first proxy client corresponding to the first retrieval cluster; transmitting the image to be detected or the characteristic value to a second agent client corresponding to a second retrieval cluster based on the retrieval request; receiving a retrieval result returned by the second retrieval cluster from the second proxy client, and transmitting the retrieval result to the first proxy client so as to be transmitted to the first retrieval cluster by the first proxy client; the first retrieval cluster and the second retrieval cluster are registered retrieval clusters. The scheme provided by the invention realizes the sharing of the target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters through a plurality of proxy clients and a server.

Description

Method and apparatus for sharing target retrieval service between multiple retrieval clusters
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of target retrieval technology, and more particularly, to a method, apparatus, and storage medium for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters.
Background
With the development of deep learning algorithms and artificial neural network theories, the accuracy of retrieval and identification of various targets is higher and higher, and the deployment of target retrieval clusters is wider and wider.
However, because the permission of each target retrieval cluster is different, the targets which can be retrieved are different, and the retrieval models used are different, at present, each target retrieval cluster is not interconnected and communicated, an image data island is formed, so that the models and data resources among the retrieval clusters cannot be shared, and resource waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve at least one of the above problems. The invention provides a scheme for sharing target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, which realizes the sharing of the target retrieval service among the plurality of retrieval clusters through a plurality of proxy clients and a server. The following briefly describes a scheme proposed by the present invention for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, and more details will be described in the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the method being implemented by a server, the method comprising: receiving respective registration-related information of a plurality of retrieval clusters from a plurality of agent clients corresponding to the retrieval clusters respectively so as to register each retrieval cluster, wherein the registration-related information of each retrieval cluster comprises an identification of the retrieval cluster; receiving a retrieval request of a first retrieval cluster from a first proxy client corresponding to the first retrieval cluster, wherein the retrieval request comprises an image to be detected and an identifier of a second retrieval cluster requesting retrieval, and the first retrieval cluster and the second retrieval cluster are registered retrieval clusters; transmitting the image to be detected or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to a second agent client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster based on the retrieval request, so as to be transmitted to the second retrieval cluster by the second agent client; and receiving a retrieval result returned by the second retrieval cluster from the second proxy client, and transmitting the retrieval result to the first proxy client so as to be transmitted to the first retrieval cluster by the first proxy client.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the registration related information of each retrieval cluster further includes a target type of a retrieval service of the retrieval cluster, the retrieval request further includes a target type requesting retrieval, and the method further includes: after receiving the retrieval request, determining whether the retrieval service of the second retrieval cluster has the target type of the retrieval request based on the registration related information of the second retrieval cluster.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the registration related information of each search cluster further includes base information included in the search cluster, where the base information indicates an identifier and a sharing right of each base, and the method further includes: after receiving the retrieval request, determining whether the first retrieval cluster has permission to retrieve the base library request corresponding to the target type of the retrieval request in the second retrieval cluster based on the registration related information of the second retrieval cluster.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the registration related information of each search cluster further includes cluster permission information of the search cluster, where the cluster permission information indicates a sharing permission of the search cluster, and the method further includes: after receiving the retrieval request, determining whether the first retrieval cluster has the permission to request retrieval from the second retrieval cluster based on the registration related information of the second retrieval cluster.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the registration related information of each search cluster further includes feature value model information of the search cluster, where the feature value model information indicates a feature value extraction model adopted by the search cluster, and the method further includes: and after receiving the retrieval request, performing feature extraction on the image to be detected based on the feature value extraction model of the second retrieval cluster to obtain a feature value of the feature value extraction model suitable for the second retrieval cluster.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the second retrieval clusters requested to be retrieved by the first retrieval cluster is at least two, the receiving the retrieval results returned by the second retrieval clusters from the second proxy client includes receiving the retrieval results returned by at least two second retrieval clusters from at least two second proxy clients, and the method further includes: and integrating the retrieval results returned by the at least two second retrieval clusters.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the apparatus being a server comprising a storage device and a processor, the storage device having stored thereon a computer program for execution by the processor, the computer program, when executed by the processor, performing the above-described method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the method being implemented by a proxy client corresponding to each retrieval cluster, the method comprising: acquiring registration related information of a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, and transmitting the registration related information to a server to register the retrieval cluster, wherein the registration related information comprises an identifier of the retrieval cluster; receiving a retrieval request from a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, wherein the retrieval request comprises an image to be detected and an identification of the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval; transmitting the retrieval request to the server so that the server transmits the image to be detected or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval through a corresponding proxy client and receives a returned retrieval result; and receiving the retrieval result returned by the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval through the corresponding proxy client from the server, and transmitting the retrieval result to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: and after receiving the retrieval result from the server, converting the retrieval result into a retrieval result with a format which can be identified by the retrieval cluster corresponding to the agent client, and then transmitting the retrieval result to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the agent client.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the method being implemented by a proxy client corresponding to each retrieval cluster, the method comprising: acquiring registration related information of a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, and transmitting the registration related information to a server to register the retrieval cluster, wherein the registration related information comprises an identifier of the retrieval cluster; receiving an image to be detected or a characteristic value of the image to be detected from the server, and transmitting the image to be detected or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, wherein the image to be detected is from retrieval requests received by the server from other proxy clients; and receiving a retrieval result from the retrieval cluster corresponding to the agent client and transmitting the retrieval result to the server so as to be transmitted to the other agent clients by the server and further transmitted to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the other agent clients.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: and after receiving a retrieval result from the retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, converting the format of the retrieval result into a preset uniform format and then transmitting the preset uniform format to the server.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the apparatus being a proxy client comprising a storage device and a processor, the storage device having stored thereon a computer program for execution by the processor, the computer program, when executed by the processor, performing the above-described method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, a storage medium is provided, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, performs the above-described method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters.
According to a further aspect of the invention, a computer program is provided which, when executed by a computer or a processor, performs the above-described method for sharing a target search service among a plurality of search clusters.
According to the method and the device for sharing the target retrieval service among the plurality of retrieval clusters, the plurality of retrieval clusters are registered in the server through the plurality of proxy clients, so that each registered retrieval cluster can interact with the server through each proxy client, retrieval services of other retrieval clusters registered in the server are acquired by each retrieval cluster through the server, and the target retrieval service is shared among the plurality of retrieval clusters.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings, like reference numbers generally represent like parts or steps.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for sharing a target retrieval service between a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart illustrating registration of a search cluster with a server in a method for sharing a target search service among a plurality of search clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for sharing a target search service among a plurality of search clusters, in which one search cluster obtains search results from other search clusters.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for sharing a target retrieval service between a plurality of retrieval clusters according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a subset of embodiments of the invention and not all embodiments of the invention, with the understanding that the invention is not limited to the example embodiments described herein. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the invention described herein without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
Hereinafter, a scheme for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, which enables the sharing of the target retrieval service among the plurality of retrieval clusters through a plurality of proxy clients and servers according to an embodiment of the present invention, will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The scheme is described first from the server perspective in conjunction with fig. 1 through 4, and later from the proxy client perspective in conjunction with fig. 5 through 8.
Fig. 1 illustrates a method 100 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method 100 may be implemented by a server, and as shown in fig. 1, the method 100 may include the following steps:
in step S110, registration-related information of each of the plurality of retrieval clusters is received from a plurality of proxy clients corresponding to each of the plurality of retrieval clusters to register each retrieval cluster, where the registration-related information of each retrieval cluster includes an identifier of the retrieval cluster.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of search clusters may be a plurality of search clusters in different geographic areas, may also be search clusters belonging to different subjects in the same geographic area, or may be other respective search clusters independent of each other. The target types (such as human faces, human bodies, non-motor vehicles, motor vehicles and the like) of the target retrieval services provided by the retrieval clusters can be the same or different. The base libraries included in each search cluster may be the same or different. Generally, the base libraries included in each search cluster are at least partially different, or the target types of the target search services provided by each search cluster are at least partially different, so that it is more meaningful to share the target search services among the search clusters, and an application scenario of the present invention will be described by way of example after a specific scheme of the present invention is described later.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each retrieval cluster may be configured with one proxy client, and each proxy client may serve as a bridge for interaction between its corresponding retrieval cluster and a server. In order to enable a search cluster to obtain search services of other search clusters, each search cluster needs to be registered in a server. Specifically, each proxy client may obtain registration-related information of its corresponding search cluster, and then transmit the registration-related information to the server. Accordingly, the server receives registration-related information from each proxy client to register each retrieval cluster. The registration process is described below with reference to fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart illustrating registration of a search cluster with a server in a method for sharing a target search service among a plurality of search clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the proxy client a1 corresponding to the retrieval cluster C1 obtains the registration-related information I1 from the retrieval cluster C1 and transmits the registration-related information to the server; similarly, the agent client a2 corresponding to the retrieval cluster C2 obtains the registration-related information I2 from the retrieval cluster C2 and transmits the registration-related information to the server; the proxy client A3 corresponding to the retrieval cluster C3 acquires the registration-related information I3 from the retrieval cluster C3, and transmits the registration-related information to the server.
Generally, the registration-related information of each retrieval cluster includes at least an identification of the retrieval cluster. Further, the registration-related information of each retrieval cluster may further include a target type of the retrieval service of the retrieval cluster. For example, in the example shown in fig. 2, the retrieval cluster C1 provides a human face, human body, non-motor vehicle, motor vehicle retrieval service; the retrieval cluster C2 provides retrieval services for human faces and motor vehicles; the retrieval cluster C3 provides face and body retrieval services. Further, the registration related information of each search cluster may further include base information of the search cluster, and the base information may indicate an identifier and sharing authority of each base included in the search cluster, where the sharing authority of a base of a search cluster may indicate which search clusters have authority to search the base of the search cluster and/or which search clusters do not have authority to search the base of the search cluster. Further, the registration-related information of each retrieval cluster may further include feature value model information of the retrieval cluster, the feature value model information indicating a feature value extraction model adopted by the retrieval cluster. Since the feature value extraction model used by each retrieval cluster may be different, the feature value extraction model used by each retrieval cluster is stored in the model bin of the server, so that the server finds the corresponding model from the model bin according to the feature value model information of the retrieval cluster included in the registration-related information, thereby facilitating obtaining the feature value of the feature value extraction model suitable for itself when the retrieval service is shared among the retrieval clusters, which will be further described later.
After acquiring the registration information, the server may register each search cluster. Illustratively, the server may include functional modules such as a registration subscription, a right management, an operation and maintenance center, and a user management.
The following steps of the method 100 are described with continued reference back to fig. 1.
In step S120, a retrieval request of a first retrieval cluster is received from a first proxy client corresponding to the first retrieval cluster, where the retrieval request includes an identifier of a second retrieval cluster to be detected and requested to be retrieved, and the first retrieval cluster and the second retrieval cluster are registered retrieval clusters.
In the embodiment of the invention, for the retrieval cluster which is registered in the server, a retrieval request can be initiated to obtain retrieval service from other retrieval clusters; accordingly, the retrieval service can be provided to other retrieval clusters according to the retrieval requests of other retrieval clusters. For simplicity of description, in the embodiment described in connection with fig. 1, the first retrieval cluster represents a retrieval cluster that initiates a retrieval request, and the second retrieval cluster represents a retrieval cluster that provides retrieval services to the first retrieval cluster.
Specifically, a retrieval request of a first retrieval cluster may be received by a first proxy client corresponding to the first retrieval cluster and transmitted to a server. Accordingly, a server receives a retrieval request of a first retrieval cluster from a first proxy client corresponding to the first retrieval cluster. In general, the retrieval request may comprise the image to be detected and an identification of the second retrieval cluster requesting the retrieval. The image to be detected generally includes an object to be detected, such as a human face, a human body, a non-motor vehicle, a motor vehicle, and the like. According to the identification of the second retrieval cluster requesting retrieval included in the retrieval request, the server may determine a target retrieval cluster, i.e., the second retrieval cluster, for which the first retrieval cluster desires to acquire the retrieval service.
In step S130, the image to be detected or the feature value of the image to be detected is transmitted to a second proxy client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster based on the retrieval request, so as to be transmitted to the second retrieval cluster by the second proxy client.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the server receives the retrieval request of the first retrieval cluster transmitted from the first proxy client, a target retrieval cluster, that is, the second retrieval cluster, of the first retrieval cluster, which is expected to acquire the retrieval service, may be determined according to the identifier of the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval, included in the retrieval request, and the identifier in the registration related information of each retrieval cluster. Then, the server may transmit the image to be detected or the feature value of the image to be detected in the retrieval request to a second proxy client corresponding to a second retrieval cluster, so as to be transmitted to the second retrieval cluster by the second proxy client.
Further, the registration related information of each retrieval cluster may further include cluster sharing permission information, where the cluster sharing permission information may indicate sharing permission of the retrieval cluster, that is, indicate which clusters have permission to acquire retrieval service from the retrieval cluster, and/or which clusters do not have permission to acquire retrieval service from the retrieval cluster. In this example, upon receiving the retrieval request, the server may determine whether the first retrieval cluster has permission to request retrieval from the second retrieval cluster based on registration-related information of the second retrieval cluster. If the server determines that the first retrieval cluster does not have permission to request retrieval from the second retrieval cluster, information that does not have permission to request may be returned to the first proxy client of the first retrieval cluster. If the server determines that the first retrieval cluster has the authority to request retrieval for the second retrieval cluster, the server may transmit the image to be detected in the retrieval request or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to a second proxy client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster, so as to transmit the characteristic value to the second retrieval cluster by the second proxy client.
Further, as mentioned above, the registration related information of each retrieval cluster may include a target type of the retrieval service of the retrieval cluster, and the retrieval request further includes a target type of the retrieval request. In this example, upon receiving the retrieval request, the server may determine whether the retrieval service of the second retrieval cluster has a target type of the retrieval requested based on the registration-related information of the second retrieval cluster. For example, the first search cluster requests a human body search, and assuming that the second search cluster does not provide the search service of the type, the server may return information that the search service cannot be provided to the first proxy client of the first search cluster. On the contrary, if the server determines that the retrieval service of the second retrieval cluster has the target type of the retrieval requested by the first retrieval cluster, the server may transmit the image to be detected in the retrieval request or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to a second proxy client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster, so as to transmit the characteristic value to the second retrieval cluster by the second proxy client.
Further, as described above, the registration related information of each search cluster may include the base information included in the search cluster, where the base information indicates the identity and sharing authority of each base. In this example, after receiving the retrieval request, the server may determine, based on the registration-related information of the second retrieval cluster, whether the first retrieval cluster has permission to retrieve the underlying library request corresponding to the target type of the retrieval request in the second retrieval cluster. If the server determines that the first retrieval cluster does not have the permission to retrieve the base library request corresponding to the target type of the retrieval request in the second retrieval cluster, the server may return information without the base library permission to the first proxy client of the first retrieval cluster. If the server determines that the first retrieval cluster has the authority to request retrieval of the base library corresponding to the target type of the retrieval request in the second retrieval cluster, the characteristic value of the image to be detected or the image to be detected in the retrieval request can be transmitted to a second proxy client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster, so that the characteristic value is transmitted to the second retrieval cluster by the second proxy client.
That is to say, only when the server determines that the first retrieval cluster has the authority to request the retrieval of the second retrieval cluster and the retrieval service of the second retrieval cluster has the target type of the retrieval request of the first retrieval cluster, or only when the server determines that the first retrieval cluster has the authority to request the retrieval of the second retrieval cluster and the retrieval service of the second retrieval cluster has the target type of the retrieval request of the first retrieval cluster and the first retrieval cluster has the authority to request the retrieval of the base corresponding to the target type of the retrieval request in the second retrieval cluster, the server transmits the characteristic value of the image to be detected or the image to be detected in the retrieval request of the first retrieval cluster to the second proxy client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster.
Further, as described earlier, the registration-related information of each retrieval cluster may include feature value model information of the retrieval cluster, the feature value model information indicating a feature value extraction model adopted by the retrieval cluster. In this example, after receiving the retrieval request, the server may perform feature extraction on the image to be detected based on the feature value extraction model of the second retrieval cluster to obtain a feature value of the feature value extraction model applicable to the second retrieval cluster corresponding to the image to be detected, and then transmit the feature value to the second proxy client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster, so as to transmit the feature value to the second retrieval cluster by the second proxy client. Therefore, the second retrieval cluster can directly perform retrieval according to the characteristic value corresponding to the image to be detected and suitable for the characteristic value extraction model of the second retrieval cluster when providing retrieval service, the step of performing characteristic extraction by the second retrieval cluster can be omitted, and the retrieval efficiency is improved.
In another embodiment, the server may directly transmit the image to be detected to a second proxy client corresponding to a second retrieval cluster, to be transmitted by the second proxy client to the second retrieval cluster. Therefore, before providing the retrieval service, the second retrieval cluster needs to use the feature extraction model to extract the features of the image to be detected, and then uses the extracted feature values to perform retrieval.
After the second retrieval cluster obtains the retrieval result according to the retrieval of the characteristic value of the image to be detected, the second retrieval cluster can transmit the retrieval result to the second proxy client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster, so that the retrieval result is transmitted to the server by the second proxy client
In step S140, a retrieval result returned by the second retrieval cluster is received from the second proxy client, and the retrieval result is transmitted to the first proxy client, so as to be transmitted to the first retrieval cluster by the first proxy client.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after receiving the search result from the second proxy client corresponding to the second search cluster, the server may return the search result to the first proxy client corresponding to the first search cluster, so as to be transmitted to the first search cluster by the first proxy client. Therefore, the first retrieval cluster shares the target retrieval service from the second retrieval cluster. In this way, the first retrieval cluster can retrieve the target type of which the first retrieval cluster has no retrieval authority but the second retrieval cluster has the retrieval authority through the second retrieval cluster; alternatively, the first retrieval may be performed by the second retrieval cluster in a base library that does not exist in the first retrieval cluster but exists in the second retrieval cluster.
As mentioned before, in an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the second retrieval clusters requested to be retrieved by the first retrieval cluster may be more than one, for example, at least two. Based on this, the server performs the operations described above for each second retrieval cluster. In addition, when the number of the second search clusters requested to be searched by the first search cluster is at least two, the server may receive search results returned by at least two of the second search clusters from at least two of the second proxy clients, integrate the search results returned by the at least two of the second search clusters, and transmit the integrated search results to the first proxy client corresponding to the first search cluster, so that the first proxy client transmits the integrated search results to the first search cluster. As described further below in conjunction with fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for sharing a target search service among a plurality of search clusters, in which one search cluster obtains search results from other search clusters. In the example shown in fig. 3, the retrieval cluster C1, the retrieval cluster C2, and the retrieval cluster C3 are retrieval clusters that have already been registered in the server, and the scene is that there is one face image P at the retrieval cluster C1, and it is desired to retrieve the relevant information of the similarity top100 from the retrieval cluster C2 and the retrieval cluster C3. In this case, it is desirable to obtain the result of searching the face image P in the bottom bank K1 of C1, and also obtain the result of searching the face image P in the bottom bank K2 of C2 and the bottom bank K3 of C3. Alternatively, C1 itself has no face search authority, and therefore it is desirable to obtain the result of searching the face image P in the bottom library K2 of C2 and the bottom library K3 of C3. In addition, the feature value extraction models adopted by the retrieval cluster C1, the retrieval cluster C2, and the retrieval cluster C3 are all different, and are an F model, a G model, and an H model, respectively, and a sharing flow of the target retrieval service is described below.
As shown in fig. 3, the retrieval cluster C1 sends a retrieval request to the proxy client a1, the retrieval request including the face image to be detected, the respective identifications of the retrieval cluster C2 and the retrieval cluster C3, and the type of target (in this example, a face) for which retrieval is requested. After receiving the retrieval request, the proxy client a1 forwards the retrieval request to the server. The server receives the retrieval request, and may first determine whether the retrieval cluster C1 has the authority to request retrieval from the retrieval clusters C2 and C3, and if not, do not perform the steps described later. It is determined whether or not there is a target type of the request for retrieval in the retrieval services of the retrieval cluster C2 and the retrieval cluster C3 after the permission is determined, and if there is no target type of the request for retrieval, the steps described later are not performed. Then, after the target type of the retrieval request is determined, feature extraction is carried out on the face image to be detected in the retrieval request by using a feature value extraction model of a retrieval cluster C2 in the model bin, so that a feature value g of the feature value extraction model suitable for the retrieval cluster C2 is obtained; similarly, feature extraction is also performed on the facial image to be detected in the retrieval request by using the feature value extraction model of the retrieval cluster C3 in the model bin, so as to obtain a feature value h of the feature value extraction model suitable for the retrieval cluster C3. Next, a request is sent (for example, a request is sent in parallel) to the proxy clients a2 and A3 corresponding to the retrieval clusters C2 and C3, respectively, the extracted feature value g (request parameter) is transferred to the proxy client a2, and the extracted feature value h (request parameter) is transferred to the proxy client A3. After receiving the request of the server, the agent clients a2 and A3 send requests to the corresponding retrieval clusters C2 and C3, transmit the feature value g (request parameter) to the retrieval cluster C2, and transmit the feature value h (request parameter) to the retrieval cluster C3. The retrieval cluster C2 retrieves in the bottom library K2 according to the received characteristic value g to obtain a retrieval result C2 of the similarity top100 and returns the retrieval result to the agent client A2; and the retrieval cluster C3 retrieves in the bottom library K3 according to the received characteristic value h to obtain a retrieval result C3 of the similarity top100 and returns the retrieval result to the agent client A3. The agent clients a2 and A3 directly return the retrieval results c2 and c3 obtained by the agent clients to the server, or convert the formats of the retrieval results c2 and c3 into preset uniform formats and transmit the formats to the server. The preset uniform format may be understood as a format without version information or a format without a version object that can be recognized by any version. The server may integrate the search results c2 and c3, e.g., according to the respective tops 100 of c2 and c3 (e.g., de-duplication), into a new top100, which is then transmitted to the proxy client a 1. After acquiring the integrated retrieval result from the server, the agent client a1 may directly return the integrated retrieval result to the retrieval cluster C1, or convert the retrieval result in a preset unified format into a retrieval result in a format recognizable by the retrieval cluster C1 and return the retrieval result to the retrieval cluster C1.
Based on the above description, in the method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to the embodiment of the present invention, each retrieval cluster may automatically report the types of target retrieval services supported by the retrieval cluster and other information via a corresponding proxy client, thereby implementing registration at a server, and each registered retrieval cluster may implement cross-platform invocation of the retrieval cluster service. In addition, the whole scheme has unified authority management, unified resource management and unified operation and maintenance management, and can support simultaneous retrieval of a plurality of retrieval clusters, characteristic value retrieval and retrieval of different models.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the sharing of target retrieval services among multiple retrieval clusters can be realized based on the thrift technology (an interface description language and a binary communication protocol). Specifically, a service.thrift file may be written, an interface required by each retrieval cluster is written into the service.thrift file, and corresponding thrift codes are generated according to a proxy client and a server deployment platform (windows or linux), and are respectively embedded into corresponding services. That is, the search cluster, the proxy client, and the server can perform the above interaction based on the thrift technology. During registration, each agent client acquires the registration related information of the retrieval cluster from each retrieval cluster through the thrift, and reports the acquired various information to the service center through the thrift. During retrieval, a retrieval cluster sends a retrieval request to a corresponding agent client through thrift, the agent client forwards the retrieval request to a server through thrift after receiving the retrieval request, the server sends an image to be detected or a characteristic value of the image to be detected to the agent client corresponding to the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval through thrift after receiving the retrieval request, and the agent client sends the image to be detected or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval through thrift after receiving the image to be detected or the characteristic value of the image to be detected sent by the server.
The usage scenario of the method for sharing the target retrieval service among the plurality of retrieval clusters according to the embodiment of the present invention may be: and the retrieval clusters with different base libraries share the retrieval service with each other. For example, the first search cluster C1, the second search cluster C2, and the third search cluster C3 each have their own base library, and have management authority for the image capturing device in their own jurisdiction, and can obtain the image captured in their own jurisdiction, and when it is desired to search for the target to be searched, which is captured by the image capturing device in another district, in the search cluster in one district, for example, the first search cluster C1 expects to search for the face captured by an image capturing device in the jurisdiction of the first search cluster in the second static face library included in the second search cluster C2 and the third face static library included in the third search cluster C3, it is possible to implement cross-regional search by using the method for sharing the target search service among a plurality of search clusters according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The usage scenario of the method for sharing the target retrieval service among the plurality of retrieval clusters according to the embodiment of the present invention may also be: the retrieval clusters which have the same base but can provide different target retrieval services share the retrieval services with each other. For example, the face base libraries included in the first retrieval cluster C1 and the second retrieval cluster C2 are the same and are both general static face libraries, but the first retrieval cluster C1 can only retrieve faces, and the second base library of the second retrieval cluster C2 is a face-body association library, that is, can also retrieve bodies corresponding to faces, and at this time, it is also possible to obtain a body retrieval result associated with a face from the second retrieval cluster C2 based on a face image taken in the jurisdiction of the first retrieval cluster.
The above exemplarily describes the method 100 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to one embodiment of the present invention, and the method 100 is described from the perspective of a server. An apparatus 400 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 4, where the apparatus 400 may be implemented as a server, which implements the method 100 described above. As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus 400 includes a storage device 410 and a processor 420. Wherein the storage 410 stores a program for implementing the corresponding steps in the method 100 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. The processor 420 is configured to run a program stored in the storage 410 to perform the corresponding steps of the method 100 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. For the sake of brevity, the steps that, when executed by the processor 420, cause the apparatus 400 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters to perform will not be described in detail herein, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the foregoing description.
A scheme for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below from the perspective of a proxy client in conjunction with fig. 5 to 8.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method 500 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the method 500 may be implemented by a proxy client corresponding to each retrieval cluster, according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the method 500 may include the steps of:
in step S510, registration related information of a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client is obtained, and the registration related information is transmitted to a server to register the retrieval cluster, where the registration related information includes an identifier of the retrieval cluster.
In step S520, a retrieval request is received from a retrieval cluster corresponding to the present proxy client, where the retrieval request includes an identification of the retrieval cluster to be detected and requested to be retrieved.
In step S530, the retrieval request is transmitted to the server, so that the server transmits the image to be detected or the feature value of the image to be detected to the retrieval cluster requesting the retrieval via the corresponding proxy client and receives the returned retrieval result.
In step S540, a retrieval result returned by the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval via the corresponding proxy client is received from the server, and the retrieval result is transmitted to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the local proxy client.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method 500 may further include (not shown): and after receiving the retrieval result from the server, converting the retrieval result into a retrieval result with a format which can be identified by the retrieval cluster corresponding to the agent client, and then transmitting the retrieval result to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the agent client.
In the embodiment described with reference to fig. 5, the embodiment is described from the perspective of a proxy client corresponding to a retrieval cluster (i.e., a first retrieval cluster) that sends a retrieval request, and the overall scheme for sharing a target retrieval service among multiple retrieval clusters is similar to that described with reference to fig. 1 to 4, and for brevity, no further description is provided here, and a person skilled in the art may understand the specific process of the method 500 by combining the foregoing description.
Fig. 6 illustrates an apparatus 600 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 600 may be implemented as a proxy client, which implements the method 500 described above. As shown in fig. 6, the apparatus 600 includes a storage device 610 and a processor 620. Wherein the storage 610 stores a program for implementing the respective steps in the method 500 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. The processor 620 is configured to execute a program stored in the storage 610 to perform the corresponding steps of the method 500 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. For the sake of brevity, the steps that, when executed by the processor 620, cause the apparatus 600 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters to perform will not be described in detail herein, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the foregoing description.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method 700 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the method 700 may be implemented by a proxy client corresponding to each retrieval cluster, according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, method 700 may include the steps of:
in step S710, registration related information of a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client is obtained, and the registration related information is transmitted to a server to register the retrieval cluster, where the registration related information includes an identifier of the retrieval cluster.
In step S720, an image to be detected or a feature value of the image to be detected is received from the server and transmitted to a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, where the image to be detected is from a retrieval request received by the server from another proxy client.
In step S730, a retrieval result is received from the retrieval cluster corresponding to the present proxy client and transmitted to the server, so as to be transmitted to the other proxy clients by the server, and further transmitted to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the other proxy clients.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method 700 may further include (not shown): and after receiving a retrieval result from the retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, converting the format of the retrieval result into a preset uniform format and then transmitting the preset uniform format to the server.
In the embodiment described with reference to fig. 7, the embodiment is described in terms of a proxy client corresponding to a retrieval cluster (i.e., a second retrieval cluster) that provides retrieval services to other retrieval clusters, and the overall scheme for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters is similar to that described with reference to fig. 1 to 4, and for brevity, no further description is provided here, and a person skilled in the art may understand the specific process of the method 700 by combining the foregoing description.
Fig. 8 shows an apparatus 800 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 800 may be implemented as a proxy client, which implements the method 700 described above. As shown in fig. 8, device 800 includes a storage device 810 and a processor 820. The storage 810 stores therein a program for implementing the corresponding steps in the method 700 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. Processor 820 is configured to execute programs stored in storage 810 to perform the corresponding steps of method 700 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. For the sake of brevity, the steps that the apparatus 800 for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters performs when the program is executed by the processor 820 will not be described in detail herein, and those skilled in the art can understand in conjunction with the foregoing description.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a storage medium on which program instructions are stored, which when executed by a computer or a processor, are used for executing the respective steps of the method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention, and are used for implementing the respective modules in the apparatus for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. The storage medium may include, for example, a memory card of a smart phone, a storage component of a tablet computer, a hard disk of a personal computer, a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), a portable compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), a USB memory, or any combination of the above storage media. The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer-readable storage media.
In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a computer program is also provided, and the computer program may be stored on a storage medium in the cloud or in the local. When being executed by a computer or a processor, the computer program is used for executing the corresponding steps of the method for sharing the target retrieval service among the plurality of retrieval clusters according to the embodiment of the invention, and is used for realizing the corresponding modules in the device for sharing the target retrieval service among the plurality of retrieval clusters according to the embodiment of the invention.
According to the method and the device for sharing the target retrieval service among the plurality of retrieval clusters, the plurality of retrieval clusters are registered in the server through the plurality of proxy clients, so that each registered retrieval cluster can interact with the server through each proxy client, retrieval services of other retrieval clusters registered in the server are acquired by each retrieval cluster through the server, and the target retrieval service is shared among the plurality of retrieval clusters.
Although the illustrative embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the foregoing illustrative embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical functional division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be omitted, or not executed.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the invention and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the method of the present invention should not be construed to reflect the intent: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where such features are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The various component embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functionality of some of the modules in an item analysis apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention. The present invention may also be embodied as apparatus programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing the present invention may be stored on computer-readable media or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website or provided on a carrier signal or in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention or the description thereof, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (13)

1. A method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the method implemented by a server, the method comprising:
receiving respective registration-related information of a plurality of retrieval clusters from a plurality of agent clients corresponding to the retrieval clusters respectively so as to register each retrieval cluster, wherein the registration-related information of each retrieval cluster comprises an identification of the retrieval cluster;
receiving a retrieval request of a first retrieval cluster from a first proxy client corresponding to the first retrieval cluster, wherein the retrieval request comprises an image to be detected and an identifier of a second retrieval cluster requesting retrieval, and the first retrieval cluster and the second retrieval cluster are registered retrieval clusters;
transmitting the image to be detected or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to a second agent client corresponding to the second retrieval cluster based on the retrieval request, so as to be transmitted to the second retrieval cluster by the second agent client;
and receiving a retrieval result returned by the second retrieval cluster from the second proxy client, and transmitting the retrieval result to the first proxy client so as to be transmitted to the first retrieval cluster by the first proxy client.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the registration-related information of each search cluster further includes a target type of search service of the search cluster, wherein the search request further includes a target type of search request, and wherein the method further comprises:
after receiving the retrieval request, determining whether the retrieval service of the second retrieval cluster has the target type of the retrieval request based on the registration related information of the second retrieval cluster.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the registration-related information of each search cluster further includes base information included in the search cluster, the base information indicating an identity and sharing authority of each base, and the method further includes:
after receiving the retrieval request, determining whether the first retrieval cluster has permission to retrieve the base library request corresponding to the target type of the retrieval request in the second retrieval cluster based on the registration related information of the second retrieval cluster.
4. A method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the registration related information of each retrieval cluster further comprises cluster permission information of the retrieval cluster, the cluster permission information indicating sharing permission of the retrieval cluster, the method further comprising:
after receiving the retrieval request, determining whether the first retrieval cluster has the permission to request retrieval from the second retrieval cluster based on the registration related information of the second retrieval cluster.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the registration-related information of each retrieval cluster further includes feature value model information of the retrieval cluster, the feature value model information indicating a feature value extraction model adopted by the retrieval cluster, and the method further includes:
and after receiving the retrieval request, performing feature extraction on the image to be detected based on the feature value extraction model of the second retrieval cluster to obtain a feature value of the feature value extraction model suitable for the second retrieval cluster.
6. The method according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the number of the second search clusters requested to be searched by the first search cluster is at least two, and the receiving the search results returned by the second search clusters from the second proxy client comprises receiving the search results returned by at least two of the second search clusters from at least two of the second proxy clients,
the method further comprises the following steps:
and integrating the retrieval results returned by the at least two second retrieval clusters.
7. A method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the method being implemented by a proxy client corresponding to each retrieval cluster, the method comprising:
acquiring registration related information of a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, and transmitting the registration related information to a server to register the retrieval cluster, wherein the registration related information comprises an identifier of the retrieval cluster;
receiving a retrieval request from a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, wherein the retrieval request comprises an image to be detected and an identification of the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval;
transmitting the retrieval request to the server so that the server transmits the image to be detected or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval through a corresponding proxy client and receives a returned retrieval result;
and receiving the retrieval result returned by the retrieval cluster requesting retrieval through the corresponding proxy client from the server, and transmitting the retrieval result to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
and after receiving the retrieval result from the server, converting the retrieval result into a retrieval result with a format which can be identified by the retrieval cluster corresponding to the agent client, and then transmitting the retrieval result to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the agent client.
9. A method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the method being implemented by a proxy client corresponding to each retrieval cluster, the method comprising:
acquiring registration related information of a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, and transmitting the registration related information to a server to register the retrieval cluster, wherein the registration related information comprises an identifier of the retrieval cluster;
receiving an image to be detected or a characteristic value of the image to be detected from the server, and transmitting the image to be detected or the characteristic value of the image to be detected to a retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, wherein the image to be detected is from retrieval requests received by the server from other proxy clients;
and receiving a retrieval result from the retrieval cluster corresponding to the agent client and transmitting the retrieval result to the server so as to be transmitted to the other agent clients by the server and further transmitted to the retrieval cluster corresponding to the other agent clients.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
and after receiving a retrieval result from the retrieval cluster corresponding to the proxy client, converting the format of the retrieval result into a preset uniform format and then transmitting the preset uniform format to the server.
11. An apparatus for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the apparatus being a server comprising a storage device and a processor, the storage device having stored thereon a computer program for execution by the processor, the computer program, when executed by the processor, performing the method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters as recited in any one of claims 1-6.
12. An apparatus for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters, the apparatus being a proxy client comprising a storage device and a processor, the storage device having stored thereon a computer program for execution by the processor, the computer program when executed by the processor performing the method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters according to any of claims 7-10.
13. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, performs the method for sharing a target retrieval service among a plurality of retrieval clusters as recited in any one of claims 1-10.
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