Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a charging and discharging control method and a charging and discharging system for a charging pile, which are used for solving the problem of low utilization rate of an energy storage power supply.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a charging and discharging control method for a charging pile, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the charging requirement of the electric automobile;
if the electric automobile has a charging requirement, detecting the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply; if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is larger than the set electric quantity threshold value, the energy storage power supply outputs electric energy to the electric automobile to charge the electric automobile; if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is smaller than or equal to the set electric quantity threshold value, the power grid outputs the electric energy to the electric automobile to charge the electric automobile;
and if the electric automobile does not have the charging requirement, correspondingly controlling the flow direction of the electric energy between the power grid and the energy storage power supply according to whether the power grid is in the peak power period.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when needing to charge for electric automobile, if the electric quantity state of energy storage power is greater than and sets for the electric quantity threshold value, also be exactly that the electric quantity of energy storage power is sufficient, then directly adopt energy storage power to charge for electric automobile, only under the insufficient condition of electric quantity of energy storage power, just adopt the electric wire netting to charge for electric automobile, under the condition of guaranteeing electric automobile demand of charging, effectively improved energy storage power's utilization ratio.
Further, to avoid grid fluctuation and improve power quality, the corresponding control of the power flow direction between the grid and the energy storage power supply according to whether the grid is in a peak power period includes: if the power grid is in the peak power period, detecting the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply: and if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is greater than the set electric quantity threshold value, the energy storage power supply outputs the electric energy to the power grid.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the energy storage power supply from outputting electric energy under the condition of insufficient electric quantity, if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is less than or equal to the set electric quantity threshold value, the energy storage power supply does not act.
Further, in order to ensure the electric quantity of the energy storage power supply under the condition that the electric energy of the power grid is sufficient, the correspondingly controlling the flow direction of the electric energy between the power grid and the energy storage power supply according to whether the power grid is in the peak power period comprises: if the power grid is not in the peak power period, detecting the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply: and if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is smaller than or equal to the set electric quantity threshold value, the power grid outputs the electric energy to the energy storage power supply to charge the energy storage power supply.
Furthermore, in order to prevent unnecessary power transmission, if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is greater than the set electric quantity threshold value, the energy storage power supply does not act.
Based on the charging and discharging control method of the charging pile, the invention also provides a charging and discharging system of the charging pile, which comprises a bidirectional AC/DC module, a switch switching module, an energy storage power supply module and an electric automobile charging module, wherein the electric automobile charging module is used for connecting an electric automobile to charge the electric automobile; the switch switching module comprises three ports which are respectively a first selection end, a second selection end and a third selection end; the alternating current end of the bidirectional AC/DC module is used for being connected with a power grid, and the direct current end of the bidirectional AC/DC module is connected with a first selection end; the energy storage power supply module is connected with the second selection end; the electric vehicle charging module is connected with the third selection end; at least two of the first selection end, the second selection end and the third selection end can be communicated; the energy storage power supply module comprises an energy storage power supply.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when needing to charge for electric automobile, if the electric quantity state of energy storage power is greater than the settlement electric quantity threshold value, also be that the electric quantity of energy storage power is sufficient, then control second selection end and third selection end intercommunication, directly adopt energy storage power to charge for electric automobile, only under the insufficient condition of electric quantity of energy storage power, just control first selection end and third selection end intercommunication, adopt the electric wire netting to charge for electric automobile, under the condition of guaranteeing electric automobile charging demand, the utilization ratio of energy storage power has effectively been improved.
Further, in order to improve control reliability, the switch switching module includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch, where one end of the first switch, one end of the second switch, and one end of the third switch are connected, the other end of the first switch is the first selection end, the other end of the second switch is the second selection end, and the other end of the third switch is the third selection end.
Furthermore, in order to implement voltage conversion, the energy storage power supply module further includes a first DC/DC module, one end of the first DC/DC module is connected to the energy storage power supply, and the other end of the first DC/DC module is connected to the second selection terminal.
Furthermore, in order to realize direct-current voltage conversion, the electric vehicle charging module comprises a second DC/DC module and a charging interface for connecting an electric vehicle, one end of the second DC/DC module is connected to the charging interface, and the other end of the second DC/DC module is connected to the third selecting terminal.
Further, in order to realize alternating current-direct current conversion, the bidirectional AC/DC module is a bridge circuit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Charging pile charging and discharging system embodiment:
the embodiment provides a fill electric pile charge-discharge system, and this fill electric pile charge-discharge system can realize the quick charge to electric automobile when not changing the distribution network. When electric automobile has the demand of charging, if the electric quantity of energy storage power is sufficient, then directly adopt energy storage power to charge for electric automobile, only under the insufficient condition of electric quantity of energy storage power, just adopt the electric wire netting to charge for electric automobile, under the condition of guaranteeing electric automobile demand of charging, effectively improved the utilization ratio of energy storage power. When the electric automobile does not have the charging requirement, the electric energy flow direction between the power grid and the energy storage power supply is correspondingly controlled according to whether the power grid is in the peak power period, so that the electric quantity balance between the power grid and the energy storage power supply is effectively improved, and the electric quantity on any side is prevented from being too low.
Specifically, a circuit schematic diagram corresponding to the charging and discharging system of the charging pile is shown in fig. 1, and the charging pile comprises a bidirectional AC/DC module, a switch switching module, an energy storage power module and an electric vehicle charging module for connecting an electric vehicle to charge a power battery BMS of the electric vehicle. The switch switching module comprises three ports which are respectively a first selection end, a second selection end and a third selection end. The alternating current end of the bidirectional AC/DC module is used for being connected with A, B, C three-phase voltage of a power grid, the direct current end of the bidirectional AC/DC module is connected with the first selection end of the switch switching module, the energy storage power supply module is connected with the second selection end of the switch switching module, and the electric automobile charging module is connected with the third selection end of the switch switching module.
The bidirectional AC/DC module can rectify three-phase alternating current into direct current or invert the direct current into three-phase alternating current, and can adopt any structure existing in the prior art. For example, in the present embodiment, the bi-directional AC/DC module is a three-phase bridge structure shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the switch switching module includes a first switch K3, a second switch K2, and a third switch K1, one end of the first switch K3, one end of the second switch K2, and one end of the third switch K1 are connected, the other end of the first switch K3 is a first selection end of the switch switching module, and is used for connecting a direct current end of the bidirectional AC/DC module, the other end of the second switch K2 is a second selection end of the switch switching module, and is used for connecting the energy storage power supply module, and the other end of the third switch K1 is a third selection end of the switch switching module, and is used for connecting the electric vehicle charging module.
The switch switching module is not limited to the structure specifically shown in fig. 1, and may be in multiple modifications as long as the following functions are achieved: the power grid can be selectively communicated with the energy storage power supply module and the electric automobile charging module, and the energy storage power supply module can be selectively communicated with the power grid and the electric automobile charging module.
The energy storage power supply module comprises a first DC/DC module and an energy storage power supply (a superconducting energy storage system), one end of the first DC/DC module is connected with the energy storage power supply, and the other end of the first DC/DC module is connected with the second selection end of the switch switching module. The first DC/DC module is a bidirectional DC/DC module, and any bidirectional DC/DC module in the prior art can be used. For example, in this embodiment, the first DC/DC module is a bidirectional SEPIC conversion circuit. The energy storage power supply comprises an energy storage coil L4 and an energy storage capacitor C5 which are connected in parallel, and the parallel connection point of the energy storage coil L4 and the energy storage capacitor C5 is connected with the first DC/DC module.
As shown in fig. 1, in the bidirectional SEPIC converter circuit, the switching tubes Q2 and Q3 are alternately turned on in one duty cycle and are in complementary states. When the energy storage power supply module is charged by a power grid, the switching tube Q3 is reliably turned off, and the switching tube Q2 and the diode D3 are switched on according to a set duty ratio; when the energy storage power supply module discharges to the electric automobile or the power grid, the switching tube Q2 is reliably turned off, and the switching tube Q3 and the diode D2 are switched on according to a set duty ratio. The energy storage coil L4 of the energy storage power supply absorbs the electric energy on the power grid side through the energy storage capacitor C5 and releases the electric energy to the power grid or the electric vehicle power battery BMS through the energy storage capacitor C5.
The electric automobile charging module comprises a second DC/DC module and a charging interface used for being connected with an electric automobile, one end of the second DC/DC module is connected with the charging interface, and the other end of the second DC/DC module is connected with a third selecting end of the switch switching module. The second DC/DC module may be a unidirectional DC/DC module, or may also be a bidirectional DC/DC module, and any unidirectional DC/DC module or bidirectional DC/DC module in the prior art may be used. For example, in this embodiment, the second DC/DC module is a unidirectional buck-boost conversion circuit.
As shown in fig. 1, in the unidirectional buck-boost conversion circuit, a filter capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to a dc input terminal to suppress voltage spikes of a switching tube and filter high frequency interference, when a power grid or an energy storage power module charges a power battery BMS of an electric vehicle, the switching tube Q1 is switched on with a diode D4, and the switching tubes Q4 and D1 are switched on at a set duty ratio to realize a charging function for the electric vehicle.
Each module in the charging pile charging and discharging system is mutually matched, so that a charging pile charging and discharging control method can be realized.
The embodiment of the charging and discharging control method of the charging pile comprises the following steps:
based on the charging pile charging and discharging system, the embodiment provides a charging pile charging and discharging control method, and with reference to the charging pile charging and discharging system in fig. 1, a flowchart of the charging pile charging and discharging control method is shown in fig. 2, and the charging pile charging and discharging control method includes the following steps:
(1) the charging requirement of the electric automobile is detected.
As shown in fig. 1, by default, the first switch K3, the second switch K2, and the third switch K1 are all open. When the charging pile receives a charging request of the electric automobile, the charging requirement of the electric automobile is indicated, otherwise, the charging requirement of the electric automobile is not indicated.
(2) According to the detected charging demand result of the electric automobile, the method is divided into two cases:
case 1: and if the electric automobile has a charging requirement, inquiring the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply. If the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is larger than the set electric quantity threshold value, the energy storage power supply outputs electric energy to the electric automobile to charge the electric automobile; and if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is less than or equal to the set electric quantity threshold value, the electric network outputs the electric energy to the electric automobile to charge the electric automobile.
When the control center of the charging pile receives a charging request of the electric automobile, namely the electric automobile has a charging demand, the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is inquired. If the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is larger than the set electric quantity threshold value, namely the electric energy of the energy storage power supply is sufficient, the second switch K2 and the third switch K1 are controlled to be closed, the first switch K3 is switched off, and the electric automobile is charged by adopting the electric energy of the energy storage power supply; if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is not larger than the set electric quantity threshold value, namely the electric energy of the energy storage power supply is insufficient, the third switch K1 and the first switch K3 are controlled to be closed, the bidirectional AC/DC module is set to be in a rectification mode, the AC/DC conversion function is started, and the electric automobile is charged by the electric energy in the power grid.
Case 2: and if the electric automobile does not have the charging requirement, correspondingly controlling the flow direction of the electric energy between the power grid and the energy storage power supply according to whether the power grid is in the peak power period.
When the control center of the charging pile does not receive the charging request of the electric automobile, namely the electric automobile does not have the charging requirement, the running state of the power grid is detected. The operation state of the power grid is detected to be in a peak power period or a valley power period, wherein the peak power period refers to a power consumption peak period which is 8:00-22:00 hours in one day and is 14 hours in total, and the valley power period refers to a power consumption valley period which is 22: 00-8: 00 days next.
When the electric automobile has no charging demand, if the power grid is in a peak power period, detecting the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply. If the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is larger than the set electric quantity threshold value, namely when the electric energy of the energy storage power supply is sufficient, the first switch K3 and the second switch K2 are controlled to be closed, the bidirectional AC/DC module is set to be in an inversion mode, the DC/AC conversion function is started, and the energy storage power supply is used for charging the power grid side. And if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is not greater than the set electric quantity threshold value, namely the electric energy of the energy storage power supply is insufficient, no action is performed.
When the electric automobile has no charging demand, if the power grid is not in a peak power period, namely, the power grid is in a valley power period, the electric energy of the energy storage power supply is detected. If the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is not larger than the set electric quantity threshold value, namely the electric energy of the energy storage power supply is insufficient, the first switch K3 and the second switch K2 are controlled to be closed, the bidirectional AC/DC module is set to be in a rectification mode, the AC/DC conversion function is started, and the energy storage power supply is charged by adopting a power grid. And if the electric quantity state of the energy storage power supply is greater than the set electric quantity threshold value, namely the electric energy of the energy storage power supply is sufficient, the energy storage power supply does not act.
Fig. 3 shows a control block diagram of the energy storage power supply module, and the specific control process is as follows:
Ureffor setting the terminal voltage of the energy storage source, USMESSetting a voltage given value U for the actually measured terminal voltage value of the energy storage power supplyrefWith the actually measured value USMESComparing, sending the error into a voltage PI controller to obtain the current given value I of the energy storage power supplyrefSetting the current to a given value IrefWith the actual measured current value ISMESAnd comparing, sending the generated error into a current PI controller, generating switching pulses through a PWM pulse width regulating circuit, and controlling the on-off of the switching tubes Q2 and Q3. The comparator is a voltage hysteresis comparator, and when the terminal voltage is at a given value UrefWhen the output value is greater than the maximum value of the voltage hysteresis comparator, the logic value output by the comparator is 1, the switching pulse controls the on-off of the switching tube Q2, and the energy storage power supply is charged; when terminal voltage given value UrefWhen the output value is smaller than the minimum value of the voltage hysteresis comparator, the logic value output by the comparator is 0, the switching pulse controls the on-off of the Q3 switching tube, and the energy storage power supply discharges.
It should be noted that the charging and discharging control method for the charging pile is not limited to the charging and discharging system for the charging pile specifically shown in fig. 1, as long as the following processes can be implemented by controlling: when the electric automobile has a charging requirement, the energy storage power supply is preferentially adopted to charge the electric automobile as long as the electric quantity of the energy storage power supply allows, otherwise, the electric automobile is charged by adopting a power grid, so that the use efficiency of the energy storage power supply is improved; when the electric automobile has no charging demand, if the electric energy of the power grid is sufficient and the electric quantity of the energy storage power supply is insufficient, the power grid is adopted to supply power to the energy storage power supply, and if the electric energy of the power grid is insufficient and the electric quantity of the energy storage power supply is sufficient, the energy storage power supply is adopted to supply power to the power grid so as to maintain the relative balance of the electric energy between the power grid and the energy storage power supply, so that the peak clipping and valley filling of the power grid are realized, the fluctuation of the power grid is avoided.
Under the condition of realizing the quick charging of the electric automobile and improving the use efficiency of the energy storage power supply, the invention can realize the peak clipping and valley filling without modifying the power grid and influencing the safe and stable operation of the power grid, and can improve the power quality of the power grid side.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope thereof, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading the present application, various changes, modifications or equivalents of the embodiments of the present application can be made, and these changes, modifications or equivalents are within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.