CN111211825B - Array antenna dividing method and system based on spatial modulation - Google Patents

Array antenna dividing method and system based on spatial modulation Download PDF

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CN111211825B
CN111211825B CN202010162328.9A CN202010162328A CN111211825B CN 111211825 B CN111211825 B CN 111211825B CN 202010162328 A CN202010162328 A CN 202010162328A CN 111211825 B CN111211825 B CN 111211825B
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radar
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indicating
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CN111211825A (en
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黄天耀
刘一民
王希勤
马丁友
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Tsinghua University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0697—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using spatial multiplexing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/282—Transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming

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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an array partitioning method and system based on spatial modulation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation for determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam; converting the digital baseband signal into an analog baseband signal, and mixing and modulating the analog baseband signal onto a transmitting carrier to obtain a radio frequency transmitting signal; and according to the radio frequency transmitting signal, radiating the radio frequency transmitting signal into the space through a corresponding transmitting antenna. According to the embodiment of the invention, the functions of the array antenna are divided through spatial modulation, so that the radar and the antenna used for communication can change along with the data stream of communication, the radar can approximately obtain the resolution performance of a full array, and the frequency spectrum efficiency of communication can be improved.

Description

Array antenna dividing method and system based on spatial modulation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar communication electronic systems, in particular to an array antenna dividing method and system based on spatial modulation.
Background
Communication and radar systems play an important role in many applications, such as intelligent transportation, remote sensing, and electronic warfare. In recent years, as hardware technology develops and the frequency bands used by communication and radar are closer, the integrated design of communication and radar is receiving more and more attention. The cost and the system volume can be reduced through the integrated design, and meanwhile, the mutual interference between the radar and the communication can also be reduced.
The phased array radar utilizes the phased array antenna to realize automatic control of the wave beam, has the advantages of high gain and fast wave beam switching, can improve the performance of the radar, and can realize multifunctional radars. The radar and the communication system need to use the antenna resource, the existing radar communication integrated system needs to divide the array elements of the array antenna between the communication and the radar, and the traditional division mode is fixed, so that the performance of the radar and the communication is limited, and the angle resolution of the radar and the communication speed of the communication are lower.
Therefore, there is a need for a method and system for partitioning an array antenna based on spatial modulation to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides an array antenna dividing method and system based on spatial modulation.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna partitioning method based on spatial modulation, including:
generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation for determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam;
converting the digital baseband signal into an analog baseband signal, and mixing and modulating the analog baseband signal onto a transmitting carrier to obtain a radio frequency transmitting signal;
and according to the radio frequency transmitting signal, radiating the radio frequency transmitting signal into the space through a corresponding transmitting antenna.
Further, the generating a radar-communication-integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the processing the communication data stream based on spatial modulation for determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna of the radar beam direction includes:
performing serial-to-parallel conversion on the communication data stream to obtain a communication data block;
mapping the communication data block according to spatial modulation to obtain a communication symbol chip, and determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam according to a mapping result;
generating a phase weight corresponding to the phased array radar according to the radar beam direction;
loading the phase weight to a radar waveform corresponding to a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam to obtain a radar waveform loaded with the phase weight;
and embedding the communication symbol chip into a preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading to generate a radar communication integrated waveform, and obtaining a digital baseband signal corresponding to the radar communication integrated waveform.
Further, the embedding the communication symbol chip into a preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading to generate a radar communication integrated waveform includes:
embedding the corresponding communication symbol chip into the preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading according to the transmitting antenna of the communication data stream at the time t to obtain the radar communication integrated waveform:
Figure GDA0002836395070000031
Figure GDA0002836395070000032
h(t)＝g(t/Tr)exp{jμπ(t-Tr/2)2}；
wherein s (t) represents a radar communication integrated waveform at the time t;
Figure GDA0002836395070000033
the radar waveform of the l-th transmitting antenna using the radar function corresponding to the k-th communication symbol chip at the time t is shown;
Figure GDA0002836395070000034
the communication waveform corresponding to the nth transmitting antenna using the communication function corresponding to the kth communication symbol chip at the time t is shown; theta0Indicating radar beam direction, h (t) indicating radar original wave form, K indicating the number of communication symbol chips contained in radar pulse width, K indicating the K-th communication symbol chip, L indicating the number of transmitting antennas using radar function, L indicating the L-th transmitting antenna using radar function, and L being M-NaM denotes the total number of transmitting antennas, M denotes the mth transmitting antenna, NaIndicating the number of transmitting antennas using the communication function, n indicating the nth transmitting antenna using the communication function, d indicating the interval between the transmitting antenna elements, λ indicating the transmitting carrier, fcRepresenting the carrier frequency, g (-) representing the gate function, μ representing the chirp rate of the chirp signal, TrIndicating the pulse width, T, of the radar pulsecIndicating the chip length of each communication symbol.
Further, after the emitting into the space through the corresponding emitting antenna according to the radio frequency emitting signal, the method further comprises:
acquiring a target echo based on a receiving antenna using a radar function, the target echo being represented as:
Figure GDA0002836395070000035
Figure GDA0002836395070000036
wherein r ism(t) represents the target echo of the mth radar receiving antenna at the time t, tau is 2r/c, r represents the distance from the target to the radar receiving antenna, theta represents the included angle between the target and the normal of the antenna, and rhoTx(k,fθ) Representing the radar transmission gain during the k-th communication symbol chip transmission time, fθRepresenting spatial frequency, fθ＝2πd(sinθ-sinθ0) Lambda,/lambda; τ denotes the target time delay, mk，lA transmitting antenna for indicating the l using radar function in the k communication symbol chip time;
a received signal is acquired based on a receiving antenna using a communication function, and the received signal is subjected to signal processing by a maximum likelihood detection algorithm for detecting received data.
Further, after the target echo is acquired based on the receiving antenna using the radar function, the method further includes:
and processing the target echo through a detection algorithm to obtain the azimuth and distance parameters of the target, wherein the detection algorithm is as follows:
Figure GDA0002836395070000041
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0002836395070000042
an estimate value representing the time delay of the target,
Figure GDA0002836395070000043
an estimate value representing the orientation of the target,
Figure GDA0002836395070000044
the result of the estimation of the target distance is represented,
Figure GDA0002836395070000045
indicating the result of the estimation of the target orientation.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radar communication integrated system based on spatial modulation, including:
the integrated waveform generating module is used for generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction so as to obtain a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation so as to determine a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam;
the integrated waveform transmitting module is used for converting the digital baseband signals into analog baseband signals and mixing and modulating the analog baseband signals onto transmitting carriers to obtain radio frequency transmitting signals;
and the integrated antenna array module is used for radiating the radio frequency transmitting signal into space through the corresponding transmitting antenna.
Further, the integrated waveform generation module includes:
the serial-parallel conversion unit is used for performing serial-parallel conversion on the communication data stream to obtain a communication data block;
a communication symbol mapping unit, configured to perform mapping processing on the communication data block according to spatial modulation to obtain a communication symbol chip, and determine, according to a mapping result, a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam;
the weight generating unit is used for generating phase weight corresponding to the phased array radar according to the radar beam direction;
the radar waveform generating unit is used for loading the phase weight to a radar waveform corresponding to the transmitting antenna pointed by the radar wave beam to obtain a radar waveform loaded with the phase weight;
and the integrated waveform synthesis unit is used for embedding the communication symbol chip into a preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading, generating a radar communication integrated waveform and obtaining a digital baseband signal corresponding to the radar communication integrated waveform. In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the method provided in the first aspect when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as provided in the first aspect.
According to the array antenna dividing method and system based on spatial modulation provided by the embodiment of the invention, the functions of the array antenna are divided through the spatial modulation, so that the antennas used by the radar and the communication can change along with the data stream of the communication, the radar can approximately obtain the resolution performance of a full array, and the frequency spectrum efficiency of the communication can be improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an array antenna partitioning method based on spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating generation of a radar communication integrated waveform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of spatial modulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a radar communication integrated waveform of an array antenna partitioning method based on spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic waveform diagram of a fixed-mode partition array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of communication error rates according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar communication integrated system based on spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a radar-communication integrated system based on spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an array antenna dividing method based on spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna dividing method based on spatial modulation, including:
step 101, generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation for determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam.
In the embodiment of the invention, a communication data stream and a radar beam direction are acquired, and a radar communication integrated waveform is generated according to the communication data stream and the radar beam direction, wherein the radar communication integrated waveform is generated by embedding communication symbol chips into corresponding positions of a radar chirp signal. Specifically, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, a communication data stream is subjected to serial-to-parallel conversion to generate a communication data block required for spatial modulation, where data in the communication data block is composed of antenna selection bits and constellation mapping bits, and then spatial modulation mapping is performed on the communication data block, in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a communication array includes four antennas (a1, a2, A3, and a4), two of the antennas may be selected as communication transmitting antennas, and mapping rules of the communication data block, the communication transmitting antennas, and the transmitting symbols may be shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Antenna mapping bits 00 01 10 11
Selection antenna A1、A3 A2、A4 A1、A4 A3、A4
In the embodiment of the present invention, the input communication data block is 0010, where 00 is used to select the communication transmitting antenna and 10 is used to determine the symbol transmitted on the antenna. The selection of the communication transmit antenna may also vary randomly over time due to random variations in the communication data stream. And meanwhile, generating corresponding phased array phase weights according to the radar beam directions for generating corresponding radar waveforms. And further, embedding the communication symbol chips into corresponding positions of the radar waveform, and synthesizing the radar communication integrated waveform, so that in each communication symbol transmitting time, the communication data stream selects a transmitting antenna for the communication function and transmits the communication symbol chips according to the spatial modulation principle, and the radar function selects the other transmitting antennas and transmits the chirp signals of corresponding time.
And step 102, converting the digital baseband signal into an analog baseband signal, and mixing and modulating the analog baseband signal onto a transmitting carrier wave to obtain a radio frequency transmitting signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, digital-to-analog conversion is carried out on the digital baseband signal corresponding to the radar communication integrated waveform, the obtained analog baseband signal is mixed to the transmitting frequency band, and the radio frequency transmitting signal corresponding to the radar communication integrated waveform is obtained through radio frequency power amplification for subsequent signal transmission.
And 103, radiating the radio frequency transmission signal into the space through a corresponding transmission antenna.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the radio frequency transmission signal obtained in the above step is transmitted to the space through the corresponding antenna array, and in the embodiment of the present invention, based on time division multiplexing, in addition to transmitting the radar communication integrated waveform to the space, a radar target echo needs to be received, and the received radar target echo needs to be converted into an electrical signal.
According to the array antenna dividing method based on the spatial modulation provided by the embodiment of the invention, the functions of the array antenna are divided through the spatial modulation, so that the antennas used by the radar and the communication can change along with the data stream of the communication, the radar can approximately obtain the resolution performance of a full array, and meanwhile, the frequency spectrum efficiency of the communication can be improved.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the generating a radar-communication-integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for acquiring a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein processing the communication data stream based on spatial modulation is performed to determine a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam includes:
performing serial-to-parallel conversion on the communication data stream to obtain a communication data block;
mapping the communication data block according to spatial modulation to obtain a communication symbol chip, and determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam according to a mapping result;
and generating a phase weight corresponding to the phased array radar according to the radar beam direction.
In the embodiment of the invention, assuming that M antennas are arranged in a linear uniform array, the input radar beam is pointed at theta0Then the phase weight to be loaded on the mth antenna is exp { j2 pi (m-1) dsin theta0And/lambda, wherein d represents the interval between the transmitting antenna elements, and lambda represents the transmitting carrier.
Loading the phase weight to a radar waveform corresponding to a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam to obtain a radar waveform loaded with the phase weight;
and embedding the communication symbol chip into a preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading to generate a radar communication integrated waveform, and obtaining a digital baseband signal corresponding to the radar communication integrated waveform.
In the embodiment of the invention, the random change of the communication transmitting antenna can modulate a part of bit information into the transmitting antenna combination, so that the receiving end demodulates by detecting the transmitting antenna combination, thereby improving the channel capacity.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the embedding the communication symbol chip into the preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading, to generate a radar-communication-integrated waveform includes:
embedding the corresponding communication symbol chip into the preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading according to the transmitting antenna of the communication data stream at the time t to obtain the radar communication integrated waveform:
Figure GDA0002836395070000091
Figure GDA0002836395070000092
h(t)＝g(t/Tr)exp{jμπ(t-Tr/2)2}；
wherein s (t) represents a radar communication integrated waveform at the time t;
Figure GDA0002836395070000093
the radar waveform of the l-th transmitting antenna using the radar function corresponding to the k-th communication symbol chip at the time t is shown;
Figure GDA0002836395070000094
the communication waveform corresponding to the nth transmitting antenna using the communication function corresponding to the kth communication symbol chip at the time t is shown; theta0Representing a radar beam pointing direction; h (t) represents the original radar waveform as a chirp signal; k represents the number of communication symbol chips contained in the radar pulse width, and K represents the secondk communication symbol chips, L denotes the number of transmitting antennas using a radar function, L denotes the L-th transmitting antenna using a radar function, and L is M-NaM denotes the total number of transmitting antennas, M denotes the mth transmitting antenna, NaIndicating the number of transmitting antennas using the communication function, n indicating the nth transmitting antenna using the communication function, d indicating the interval between the transmitting antenna elements, λ indicating the transmitting carrier, fcRepresents a carrier frequency; g (·) represents a gate function, and when t is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1, values of 0 are obtained in other definition domains; mu represents the chirp rate, T, of the chirp signalrIndicating the pulse width, T, of the radar pulsecIndicating the chip length of each communication symbol.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to avoid mutual influence between the radar and the communication, the waveforms of the radar and the communication are orthogonal in frequency spectrum, so that the interference between the radar and the communication is ignored. Further, according to the antennas used by the communication data stream in different communication symbol time, the communication symbol chip replaces the radar waveform at the corresponding position, so as to generate the corresponding radar communication integrated waveform.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after the radiation into the space through the corresponding transmitting antenna according to the radio frequency transmitting signal, the method further includes:
in the embodiment of the present invention, since the communication waveform and the radar waveform are orthogonal in the frequency spectrum, the communication waveform can be filtered at the radar receiving end to obtain the target waveform, where the target echo is represented as:
Figure GDA0002836395070000101
Figure GDA0002836395070000102
wherein r ism(t) represents the target echo of the mth radar receiving antenna at the time t, tau is 2r/c, and r represents the target-to-radar connectionDistance of receiving antenna, theta represents angle between object and normal line of antenna, rhoTx(k,fθ) Representing the transmission gain of the radar during the k-th communication symbol chip transmission time, fθRepresenting spatial frequency, fθ＝2πd(sinθ-sinθ0) Lambda,/lambda; τ denotes the target time delay, mk，lA transmitting antenna for indicating the l using radar function in the k communication symbol chip time; a received signal is acquired based on a receiving antenna using a communication function, and the received signal is subjected to signal processing by a maximum likelihood detection algorithm for detecting received data.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitted signal of communication can be represented by symbol x, and the number of antennas at the receiving end of the communication signal is Nr. In the embodiment of the invention, the communication transmission signal is an N multiplied by 1 vector, and N is in the vectoraNon-zero elements, and the remaining elements are 0. The value of the non-zero element is selected from a constellation set of communication symbols, and the number of elements in the set is Q. Further, the channel between the communication transmitting antenna and the communication receiving antenna is a flat fading rayleigh channel, which is denoted by H, where H is an NrA complex matrix of x M. After sampling, the signal received by the receiving end of the communication signal can be expressed as: y is Hx + N, where N represents a size of 1 xnrComplex white gaussian noise vector.
Processing the received communication signal by:
Figure GDA0002836395070000111
where χ represents a set of traffic symbol vectors,
Figure GDA0002836395070000112
representing the communication noise power.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of waveforms integrated in radar communication according to the method for partitioning an array antenna based on spatial modulation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which may be referred to in fig. 4, where in the embodiment of the present invention, there are four transmitting antennas, a pulse width length of a radar is a sum of chip lengths of four communication symbols, in a first chip time, a second antenna and a fourth antenna are used for communication, a waveform at a corresponding position is also replaced with a communication waveform, and the allocation of the antennas in a subsequent communication chip time is similar. Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of a fixed-mode division array according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5, a spatial modulation-based array antenna division method may vary with a transmission process of a communication symbol chip, but the fixed-mode division array mode is fixed and constant with time. In particular, the fixed division is relative to the way the array is divided based on spatial modulation. Due to the random change of the communication data stream, after time averaging, the angle resolution obtained based on the array division mode of the spatial modulation is similar to that of the whole array; and because only a part of antenna array elements are used in the fixed division mode, the width of a radar transmission main lobe is widened, and the angle resolution performance is reduced.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after the target echo is acquired based on the receiving antenna using the radar function, the method further includes:
and processing the target echo through a detection algorithm to obtain the azimuth and distance parameters of the target, wherein the detection algorithm is as follows:
Figure GDA0002836395070000121
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0002836395070000122
an estimate value representing the time delay of the target,
Figure GDA0002836395070000123
an estimate value representing the orientation of the target,
Figure GDA0002836395070000124
the result of the estimation of the target distance is represented,
Figure GDA0002836395070000125
indicating the result of the estimation of the target orientation.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, a two-dimensional blur function map of orientation and time delay may be used for characterizing distance and orientation resolution. Since the random division of the antenna only affects the transmitting beam pattern, only the transmitting azimuth delay two-dimensional fuzzy function needs to be calculated. Specifically, the transmit azimuth delay ambiguity two-dimensional function is a cross-correlation mode between the received signal and the transmit signal on one array element, and can be expressed as:
Figure GDA0002836395070000126
the distance and direction fuzzy function of the array method based on the spatial modulation is obtained, and the comparison between the array antenna dividing method provided by the embodiment of the invention and the existing fixed mode array dividing method shows that the radar fuzzy function direction main lobe width corresponding to the divided array based on the spatial modulation provided by the embodiment of the invention is narrower than the direction main lobe width of the divided array based on the fixed mode, so that the embodiment of the invention has higher angle resolution performance.
Further, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of communication error rates according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, the error rate performance of spatial modulation (GSM) is compared with the error rate performance of a conventional multiple-input multiple-output communication system (MIMO), in the two systems, the number of communication bits transmitted by each symbol is the same, a horizontal axis is a signal-to-noise ratio, a unit is decibel, a vertical axis is an error rate, a vertical axis of the curve is a logarithmic axis, and the performance of the two systems can be measured by the error rate. Under the condition of the same transmission rate, the bit error rate performance of the spatial modulation system is better than that of the spatial multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output communication system. It can be seen that the error rate of the spatial modulation system is lower than that of the spatial multiplexing mimo communication system when the signal-to-noise ratio is the same. The number of antennas used for communication is 2, the total number of antennas in the array is 4, BPSK is adopted for spatial modulation, QPSK is adopted for MIMO, and 4 bits of data are transmitted by each symbol.
The array antenna dividing method based on spatial modulation provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the functions of radar and communication at the same time, the radar subsystem can measure the azimuth and the distance of a target, and the communication subsystem carries out communication according to a spatial modulation mode. The array antenna dividing method based on spatial modulation can realize the random division of antenna array elements in time, the dividing mode overcomes the defect that the whole aperture cannot be effectively utilized by a fixed array element dividing mode, and the angle resolution performance of the radar is equivalent to the angle resolution performance of the whole array by averaging in a plurality of chip times; and meanwhile, better error rate performance can be obtained by communication.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar communication integrated system based on spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, a radar communication integrated system based on spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an integrated waveform generation module 701, an integrated waveform transmission module 702, and an integrated antenna array module 703, where the integrated waveform generation module 701 is configured to generate a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, and the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation to determine a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam; the integrated waveform transmitting module 702 is configured to convert the digital baseband signal into an analog baseband signal, and mix and modulate the analog baseband signal onto a transmitting carrier to obtain a radio frequency transmitting signal; the integrated antenna array module 703 is configured to radiate the radio frequency transmission signal into a space through a corresponding transmission antenna.
According to the radar communication integrated system based on the spatial modulation, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the functions of the array antenna are divided through the spatial modulation, so that the radar and the antenna used for communication can change along with the data flow of communication, the radar can approximately obtain the resolution performance of a full array, and meanwhile, the frequency spectrum efficiency of communication can be improved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the integrated waveform generation module includes a serial-parallel conversion unit, a communication symbol mapping unit, a weight generation unit, a radar waveform generation unit, and an integrated waveform synthesis unit, where the serial-parallel conversion unit is configured to perform serial-parallel conversion on a communication data stream to obtain a communication data block; the communication symbol mapping unit is used for mapping the communication data block according to spatial modulation to obtain a communication symbol chip and determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam according to a mapping result; the weight generating unit is used for generating phase weight corresponding to the phased array radar according to the radar beam direction; the radar waveform generating unit is used for loading the phase weight to a radar waveform corresponding to a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar wave beam to obtain a radar waveform loaded with the phase weight; and the integrated waveform synthesis unit is used for embedding the communication symbol chip into a preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading, generating a radar communication integrated waveform and obtaining a digital baseband signal corresponding to the radar communication integrated waveform.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a radar-communication integrated system based on spatial modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can be referred to in fig. 8, and the system includes a plurality of integrated waveform transmitting modules, a plurality of radar receiving modules, a plurality of communication receiving modules, a radar detecting module, and a communication detecting module, where the radar receiving module is configured to mix a radar radio frequency echo to a baseband and convert the radar radio frequency echo into a digital signal; the radar detection module is used for performing matched filtering on radar callback so as to obtain the azimuth and distance parameters of the target; the communication receiving module is used for mixing the radio frequency signal into a baseband analog signal, and converting the baseband analog signal into a digital signal after sampling; the communication detection module is used for carrying out maximum likelihood detection on the communication sampling signal so as to recover and obtain the transmission data. The integrated waveform transmitting module also comprises a radio frequency power amplification unit for amplifying the power of the signal; the communication receiving module and the radar receiving module both comprise low noise amplifier units for carrying out low noise amplification processing on the received weak signals.
The system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used for executing the above method embodiments, and for details of the process and the details, reference is made to the above embodiments, which are not described herein again.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 9, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)901, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)902, a memory (memory)903 and a communication bus 904, wherein the processor 901, the communication Interface 902 and the memory 903 are communicated with each other through the communication bus 904. The processor 901 may call logic instructions in the memory 903 to perform the following method: generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation for determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam; converting the digital baseband signal into an analog baseband signal, and mixing and modulating the analog baseband signal onto a transmitting carrier to obtain a radio frequency transmitting signal; and according to the radio frequency transmitting signal, radiating the radio frequency transmitting signal into the space through a corresponding transmitting antenna.
In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 903 may be implemented in a software functional unit and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the logic instructions are sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is implemented to, when executed by a processor, perform the spatial modulation based array antenna partitioning method provided in the foregoing embodiments, for example, including: generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation for determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam; converting the digital baseband signal into an analog baseband signal, and mixing and modulating the analog baseband signal onto a transmitting carrier to obtain a radio frequency transmitting signal; and according to the radio frequency transmitting signal, radiating the radio frequency transmitting signal into the space through a corresponding transmitting antenna.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An array antenna dividing method based on spatial modulation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation for determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam;
converting the digital baseband signal into an analog baseband signal, and mixing and modulating the analog baseband signal onto a transmitting carrier to obtain a radio frequency transmitting signal;
according to the radio frequency emission signals, the radio frequency emission signals are radiated into the space through corresponding emission antennas;
the generating a radar-communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction for obtaining a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the processing the communication data stream based on spatial modulation for determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam comprises:
performing serial-to-parallel conversion on the communication data stream to obtain a communication data block;
mapping the communication data block according to spatial modulation to obtain a communication symbol chip, and determining a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam according to a mapping result;
generating a phase weight corresponding to the phased array radar according to the radar beam direction;
loading the phase weight to a radar waveform corresponding to a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam to obtain a radar waveform loaded with the phase weight;
embedding the communication symbol chip into a preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading to generate a radar communication integrated waveform and obtain a digital baseband signal corresponding to the radar communication integrated waveform; the embedding the communication symbol chip into the preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading to generate a radar communication integrated waveform comprises:
embedding the corresponding communication symbol chip into the preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading according to the transmitting antenna of the communication data stream at the time t to obtain the radar communication integrated waveform:
Figure FDA0002836395060000021
Figure FDA0002836395060000022
h(t)＝g(t/Tr)exp{jμπ(t-Tr/2)2}；
wherein s (t) represents a radar communication integrated waveform at the time t;
Figure FDA0002836395060000023
the radar waveform of the l-th transmitting antenna using the radar function corresponding to the k-th communication symbol chip at the time t is shown;
Figure FDA0002836395060000024
the communication waveform corresponding to the nth transmitting antenna using the communication function corresponding to the kth communication symbol chip at the time t is shown; theta0Indicating radar beam direction, h (t) indicating radar original wave form, K indicating the number of communication symbol chips contained in radar pulse width, K indicating the K-th communication symbol chip, L indicating the number of transmitting antennas using radar function, L indicating the L-th transmitting antenna using radar function,L＝M-Nam denotes the total number of transmitting antennas, M denotes the mth transmitting antenna, NaIndicating the number of transmitting antennas using the communication function, n indicating the nth transmitting antenna using the communication function, d indicating the interval between the transmitting antenna elements, λ indicating the transmitting carrier, fcRepresenting the carrier frequency, g (-) representing the gate function, μ representing the chirp rate of the chirp signal, TrIndicating the pulse width, T, of the radar pulsecIndicating the chip length of each communication symbol.
2. The method for partitioning an array antenna based on spatial modulation according to claim 1, wherein after said transmitting signals according to said radio frequency are radiated into space through corresponding transmitting antennas, said method further comprises:
acquiring a target echo based on a receiving antenna using a radar function, the target echo being represented as:
Figure FDA0002836395060000025
Figure FDA0002836395060000026
wherein r ism(t) represents the target echo of the mth radar receiving antenna at the time t, tau is 2r/c, r represents the distance from the target to the radar receiving antenna, theta represents the included angle between the target and the normal of the antenna, and rhoTx(k,fθ) Representing the radar transmission gain during the k-th communication symbol chip transmission time, fθRepresenting spatial frequency, fθ＝2πd(sinθ-sinθ0) Lambda,/lambda; τ denotes the target time delay, mk，lA transmitting antenna for indicating the l using radar function in the k communication symbol chip time;
a received signal is acquired based on a receiving antenna using a communication function, and the received signal is subjected to signal processing by a maximum likelihood detection algorithm for detecting received data.
3. The method for dividing an array antenna based on spatial modulation according to claim 2, wherein after the receiving antenna based on the radar function acquires a target echo, the method further comprises:
and processing the target echo through a detection algorithm to obtain the azimuth and distance parameters of the target, wherein the detection algorithm is as follows:
Figure FDA0002836395060000031
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002836395060000032
an estimate value representing the time delay of the target,
Figure FDA0002836395060000033
an estimate value representing the orientation of the target,
Figure FDA0002836395060000034
the result of the estimation of the target distance is represented,
Figure FDA0002836395060000035
indicating the result of the estimation of the target orientation.
4. A radar communication integration system based on spatial modulation is characterized by comprising:
the integrated waveform generating module is used for generating a radar communication integrated waveform according to a communication data stream and a radar beam direction so as to obtain a corresponding digital baseband signal, wherein the communication data stream is processed based on spatial modulation so as to determine a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna directed by the radar beam;
the integrated waveform transmitting module is used for converting the digital baseband signals into analog baseband signals and mixing and modulating the analog baseband signals onto transmitting carriers to obtain radio frequency transmitting signals;
the integrated antenna array module is used for radiating the radio frequency transmitting signals into space through the corresponding transmitting antenna;
the integrated waveform generation module comprises:
the serial-parallel conversion unit is used for performing serial-parallel conversion on the communication data stream to obtain a communication data block;
a communication symbol mapping unit, configured to perform mapping processing on the communication data block according to spatial modulation to obtain a communication symbol chip, and determine, according to a mapping result, a transmitting antenna of the communication data stream and a transmitting antenna pointed by the radar beam;
the weight generating unit is used for generating phase weight corresponding to the phased array radar according to the radar beam direction;
the radar waveform generating unit is used for loading the phase weight to a radar waveform corresponding to the transmitting antenna pointed by the radar wave beam to obtain a radar waveform loaded with the phase weight;
the integrated waveform synthesis unit is used for embedding the communication symbol chip into a preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading, generating a radar communication integrated waveform and obtaining a digital baseband signal corresponding to the radar communication integrated waveform;
the embedding the communication symbol chip into the preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading to generate a radar communication integrated waveform comprises:
embedding the corresponding communication symbol chip into the preset position of the radar waveform after the phase weight loading according to the transmitting antenna of the communication data stream at the time t to obtain the radar communication integrated waveform:
Figure FDA0002836395060000041
Figure FDA0002836395060000042
h(t)＝g(t/Tr)exp{jμπ(t-Tr/2)2}；
wherein s (t) represents a radar communication integrated waveform at the time t;
Figure FDA0002836395060000043
the radar waveform of the l-th transmitting antenna using the radar function corresponding to the k-th communication symbol chip at the time t is shown;
Figure FDA0002836395060000044
the communication waveform corresponding to the nth transmitting antenna using the communication function corresponding to the kth communication symbol chip at the time t is shown; theta0Indicating radar beam direction, h (t) indicating radar original wave form, K indicating the number of communication symbol chips contained in radar pulse width, K indicating the K-th communication symbol chip, L indicating the number of transmitting antennas using radar function, L indicating the L-th transmitting antenna using radar function, and L being M-NaM denotes the total number of transmitting antennas, M denotes the mth transmitting antenna, NaIndicating the number of transmitting antennas using the communication function, n indicating the nth transmitting antenna using the communication function, d indicating the interval between the transmitting antenna elements, λ indicating the transmitting carrier, fcRepresenting the carrier frequency, g (-) representing the gate function, μ representing the chirp rate of the chirp signal, TrIndicating the pulse width, T, of the radar pulsecIndicating the chip length of each communication symbol.
5. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the method for spatial modulation based array antenna partitioning according to any of claims 1 to 3.
6. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program, which, when being executed by a processor, performs the steps of the spatial modulation based array antenna partitioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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