CN111188614B - Petroleum drilling anti-collision passive detection device and method based on magnetic core coil - Google Patents
Petroleum drilling anti-collision passive detection device and method based on magnetic core coil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111188614B CN111188614B CN202010021399.7A CN202010021399A CN111188614B CN 111188614 B CN111188614 B CN 111188614B CN 202010021399 A CN202010021399 A CN 202010021399A CN 111188614 B CN111188614 B CN 111188614B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005358 geomagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000889 permalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-collision passive detection device and method for petroleum drilling based on a magnetic core coil, wherein the device comprises a measurement short circuit arranged between a drill string and a drill bit, the measurement short circuit comprises a magnetic core coil, a programmable amplifier, a high-order low-pass filter, an ADC (analog to digital converter), a microprocessor and a power supply, the magnetic core coil consists of a magnetic core with high magnetic permeability and an enameled wire, the enameled wire is wound on the outer surface of the magnetic core with high magnetic permeability, an electrode of the enameled wire is connected with a signal input end of the programmable amplifier, a signal output end of the programmable amplifier is connected with an input end of the high-order low-pass filter, an output end of the high-order low-pass filter is connected with an input end of the ADC, an output end of the ADC is connected with an input end of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor is electrically connected with the power supply. The invention can effectively solve the problem of measuring the distance between the drilling bit and the production well, and effectively avoid the huge damage caused by collision in the drilling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum development, in particular to an anti-collision passive detection device and method for petroleum drilling based on a magnetic core coil.
Background
With the development of petroleum exploitation, high-density encryption wells are increased, and the occurrence of the collision of drill bits with production wells happens sometimes, and once the drill bits collide with the production wells, huge economic loss and safety risks are caused. Currently, there are documents that increase active electromagnetic waves in the production well to detect and prevent collision. However, in practical application, it is difficult to implement the active electromagnetic wave generating device at different positions of the production well. There are also documents to use the form of measuring sound wave at the wellhead of the production well to judge whether the drill bit approaches, but the sound wave is very large in moment and is interfered by external noise because the petroleum pipe column is as long as several kilometers or even tens of thousands of meters, so that the position detection of the drill bit is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a magnetic core coil-based anti-collision passive detection device and method for petroleum drilling.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, an anti-collision passive detection device for petroleum drilling based on a magnetic core coil is provided, the anti-collision passive detection device comprises a measurement short circuit arranged between a drill string and a drill bit, the measurement short circuit comprises a magnetic core coil, a programmable amplifier, a high-order low-pass filter, an ADC (analog to digital converter), a microprocessor and a power supply, the magnetic core coil is composed of a high-permeability magnetic core and an enameled wire, the enameled wire is wound on the outer surface of the high-permeability magnetic core, an electrode of the enameled wire is connected with a signal input end of the programmable amplifier, a signal output end of the programmable amplifier is connected with an input end of the high-order low-pass filter, an output end of the high-order low-pass filter is connected with an input end of the ADC, an output end of the ADC is connected with an input end of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor is electrically connected with the power supply.
Preferably, the high-permeability magnetic core is cylindrical, the diameter of the high-permeability magnetic core is larger than 1cm, and the ratio of the length to the diameter of the high-permeability magnetic core is larger than 20.
Preferably, the enameled wires are uniformly wound on the middle section of the high-permeability magnetic core, and the lengths of the non-wound enameled wires at the two ends of the high-permeability magnetic core are equal.
Preferably, the number of turns of the enamel wire is greater than 1000 turns.
Preferably, the programmable amplifier adopts a low-noise instrument amplifier with differential input, the amplification gain of the low-noise instrument amplifier is adjustable by 1-10000 times, and the amplification gain of the low-noise instrument amplifier is adjusted through analog voltage, or is adjusted through a digital interface, or is automatically adjusted through back-end feedback.
Preferably, the high-order low-pass filter adopts an active RC low-pass filter or a switched capacitor filter, and the high-order low-pass filter is a 100Hz low-pass filter with the order being more than or equal to 4.
Preferably, the ADC is a high-resolution ADC with a resolution of 16 bits or more, and the sampling rate of the ADC is greater than 1Ksps.
Preferably, the microprocessor adopts a low-power consumption microprocessor, and any one or more communication interfaces SPI, UART, IIC are arranged on the microprocessor.
On the other hand, the invention also provides an oil drilling anti-collision passive detection method based on the magnetic core coil, which utilizes any one of the oil drilling anti-collision passive detection devices based on the magnetic core coil to detect, and comprises the following steps:
S1: measuring azimuth and distance of a known production wellhead relative to a drilling inlet;
S2: the induced voltage signal generated by the enameled wire is amplified by the programmable amplifier, filtered by the high-order low-pass filter, and is processed by the microprocessor after analog-to-digital conversion of the ADC, and finally a group of periodic induced voltage signal data is obtained, wherein the periodicity of the induced voltage signal data is consistent with the rotation period of the drill string; when the extreme point with the time domain waveform similarity larger than 60% repeatedly appears at the same phase of more than two periods, the extreme point corresponds to a magnetic source, and in the initial drilling stage of the well being drilled, if the azimuth angle of the extreme point corresponds to the azimuth angle of a known production wellhead, the magnetic source is the known production well, and the distance between the known production well and the magnetic core coil is calculated by the following formula:
Wherein:
L is the distance between the magnetic source and the measurement short circuit, and the unit is: m;
k 1、k2 are all intermediate variables of the formula, and have no physical meaning;
R is the known production well casing outside diameter in units: m;
the phase of the extreme point, unit: a degree;
R 1 is the known production well casing inner diameter in units: m;
k 3 is an empirical value, unit: m;
k 4 is an empirical coefficient, dimensionless;
n is the number of turns of the enameled wire, and the unit is: a turn;
l is the length of the high permeability core in units: m;
Mu r is the relative permeability of the known production well casing, dimensionless;
b is the geomagnetic field magnitude of the known production well casing position, and the unit is: t is a T;
θ is the angle between the geomagnetic field and the casing of the known production well, in units of: a degree;
v i is the induced voltage, unit: v, V;
d is the diameter of the high permeability core, unit: m;
s3: and (3) the depth of the measurement short circuit in the drilling process of the drilling well, and the distance between the measurement short circuit at each depth and the known production well are in one-to-one correspondence to obtain a three-dimensional distance model of the whole well Duan Zheng drilling well and the known production well.
Preferably, the value of k 3 is in the range of 8-5000 m, and the value of k 4 is in the range of 0.5-0.96.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
The passive geomagnetic detection device is adopted, active signals are not required to be added, the passive geomagnetic detection device can be suitable for various depth positions in the practical application process, is not interfered by the outside, and can accurately measure the distance between a short circuit for measuring the drilling well and a known production well, so that the distance between a drill bit and the known production well is obtained, the drill bit and the production well are effectively prevented from colliding in the drilling process, and the huge harm caused by collision is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic core coil-based anti-collision passive detection device for petroleum drilling;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the results of one embodiment of the core coil based anti-collision passive detection method for oil drilling of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings:
A1-production well casing I, A2-production well casing II, A3-production well casing III, B1-positive drilling drill string, B2-measurement short circuit and C-stratum;
1-high magnetic permeability magnetic core, 2-enameled wire, 3-programmable amplifier, 4-high order low pass filter, 5-ADC, 6-microprocessor, 7-power.
Detailed Description
The application will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, in one aspect, the invention provides an anti-collision passive detection device for petroleum drilling based on a magnetic core coil, which comprises a measurement short circuit B2 installed between a drilling string B1 and a drill bit, wherein the measurement short circuit B2 comprises a magnetic core coil, a programmable amplifier 3, a high-order low-pass filter 4, an ADC 5, a microprocessor 6 and a power supply 7, the magnetic core coil is composed of a high-permeability magnetic core 1 and an enameled wire 2, the enameled wire 2 is wound on the outer surface of the high-permeability magnetic core 1, an electrode of the enameled wire 2 is connected with a signal input end of the programmable amplifier 3, a signal output end of the programmable amplifier 3 is connected with an input end of the high-order low-pass filter 4, an output end of the high-order low-pass filter 4 is connected with an input end of the ADC 5, an output end of the ADC 5 is connected with an input end of the microprocessor 6, and the microprocessor 6 is electrically connected with the power supply 7.
In a specific embodiment, the high permeability magnetic core 1 is cylindrical, the diameter of the high permeability magnetic core 1 is greater than 1cm, and the ratio of the length to the diameter of the high permeability magnetic core 1 is greater than 20, so that the detection effect of the present invention can be improved.
Optionally, the high permeability magnetic core 1 is made of permalloy material, and the initial relative permeability of permalloy is larger than or equal to 20000, so that the detection effect of the invention can be improved.
In a specific embodiment, the enameled wires 2 are uniformly wound on the middle section of the high-permeability magnetic core 1, and the lengths of the non-wound enameled wires at the two ends of the high-permeability magnetic core 1 are equal, so that the detection effect of the invention can be improved.
Optionally, the number of turns of the enamel wire 2 is greater than 1000 turns, which can improve sensitivity.
Optionally, the winding area of the enameled wire 2 occupies less than 80% of the total length of the high-permeability magnetic core 1, so that efficiency can be improved.
Alternatively, the enameled wire 2 is a class C class heat resistant enameled wire, and in a specific embodiment, the enameled wire 2 is made of polyimide.
Alternatively, the enameled wire 2 is made of pure copper material. And determining the enameled wire with the heat resistance grade according to the drilling depth of the drilling well and the stratum temperature of the deepest depth, wherein the deeper the stratum is, the higher the heat resistance grade of the enameled wire is.
In a specific embodiment, the programmable amplifier 3 adopts a differential input low-noise instrumentation amplifier, the amplification gain of the low-noise instrumentation amplifier is adjustable by 1-10000 times, and the amplification gain of the low-noise instrumentation amplifier is adjusted by analog voltage, or is adjusted by a digital interface, or is automatically adjusted by back-end feedback.
Alternatively, the low noise instrumentation amplifier may be a low noise instrumentation amplifier model ISL28634 from Renesas electronics (Renesas).
In a specific embodiment, the high-order low-pass filter 4 is an active RC low-pass filter or a switched capacitor filter, and the high-order low-pass filter is a 100Hz low-pass filter, and the order is greater than or equal to 4 orders.
Alternatively, the high-order low-pass filter 4 may be a MAX293 type high-order low-pass filter manufactured by american standard semiconductor (MAXIM).
In a specific embodiment, the ADC 5 employs a high resolution ADC with a resolution of 16 bits or more, and the sampling rate of the ADC 5 is greater than 1Ksps. The ADC 5 may be a separate ADC chip, or may be an ADC built in the microprocessor.
Alternatively, the ADC 5 is an ADC model ADS1246 from texas instruments (Texas Instruments) in the united states.
In a specific embodiment, the microprocessor 6 is a low-power microprocessor, and any one or more communication interfaces SPI, UART, IIC are provided on the microprocessor 6. The low-power consumption microprocessor can save energy and reduce cost.
Alternatively, the microprocessor 6 is a model MSP430F2619S-HT microprocessor from Texas instruments (Texas Instruments), inc.
On the other hand, the invention also provides an anti-collision passive detection method for petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil, which is used for detection by using any anti-collision passive detection device for petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil, because the sleeve of the known production well is made of magnetic materials, the magnetic permeability is obviously higher than that of stratum, the sleeve is magnetized in geomagnetic field, and a magnetic abnormal field which is obviously different from the geomagnetic field is generated, so that magnetic field gradient distribution taking the sleeve of the known production well as the center can be formed, the farther the sleeve is from the sleeve of the known production well, the smaller the absolute value of the magnetic field gradient is, when the drilling string rotates, the magnetic flux passing through the high-permeability magnetic core can change along with the change of the azimuth angle of the drilling string, induced voltage can be generated at the two ends of the enameled wire according to Faraday electromagnetic induction law, and the distance between the sleeve of the known production well and the measurement short circuit can be obtained by the device, so that the distance between the known production well and a drill bit can be obtained. The method comprises the following steps when being implemented:
S1: measuring azimuth and distance of a known production wellhead relative to a drilling inlet;
S2: the induced voltage signal generated by the enameled wire is amplified by the programmable amplifier, filtered by the high-order low-pass filter, and is processed by the microprocessor after analog-to-digital conversion of the ADC, and finally a group of periodic induced voltage signal data is obtained, wherein the periodicity of the induced voltage signal data is consistent with the rotation period of the drill string; when the extreme point with the time domain waveform similarity larger than 60% repeatedly appears at the same phase of more than two periods, the extreme point corresponds to a magnetic source, and in the initial drilling stage of the well being drilled, if the azimuth angle of the extreme point corresponds to the azimuth angle of a known production wellhead, the magnetic source is the known production well, and the distance between the known production well and the magnetic core coil is calculated by the following formula:
Wherein:
L is the distance between the magnetic source and the measurement short circuit, and the unit is: m;
k 1、k2 are all intermediate variables of the formula, and have no physical meaning;
R is the known production well casing outside diameter in units: m;
the phase of the extreme point, unit: a degree;
R 1 is the known production well casing inner diameter in units: m;
k 3 is an empirical value, unit: m;
k 4 is an empirical coefficient, dimensionless;
n is the number of turns of the enameled wire, and the unit is: a turn;
l is the length of the high permeability core in units: m;
Mu r is the relative permeability of the known production well casing, dimensionless;
b is the geomagnetic field magnitude of the known production well casing position, and the unit is: t is a T;
θ is the angle between the geomagnetic field and the casing of the known production well, in units of: a degree;
v i is the induced voltage, unit: v, V;
d is the diameter of the high permeability core, unit: m;
s3: and (3) the depth of the measurement short circuit in the drilling process of the drilling well, and the distance between the measurement short circuit at each depth and the known production well are in one-to-one correspondence to obtain a three-dimensional distance model of the whole well Duan Zheng drilling well and the known production well.
In a specific embodiment, the value of k 3 is in the range of 8-5000 m, and the value of k 4 is in the range of 0.5-0.96.
In a specific embodiment, the anti-collision detection method for the petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil is used for carrying out anti-collision detection on the drilling well, and a three-dimensional model of the distance between the whole drilling well Duan Zheng and the known production well obtained by the detection result is shown in fig. 2.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents and modifications can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The petroleum drilling anti-collision passive detection method based on the magnetic core coil is characterized by utilizing the petroleum drilling anti-collision passive detection device based on the magnetic core coil to detect,
The petroleum drilling anti-collision passive detection device based on the magnetic core coil comprises a measurement short circuit arranged between a drill string and a drill bit, wherein the measurement short circuit comprises a magnetic core coil, a programmable amplifier, a high-order low-pass filter, an ADC (analog to digital converter), a microprocessor and a power supply, the magnetic core coil consists of a magnetic core with high magnetic permeability and an enameled wire, the enameled wire is wound on the outer surface of the magnetic core with high magnetic permeability, an electrode of the enameled wire is connected with a signal input end of the programmable amplifier, a signal output end of the programmable amplifier is connected with an input end of the high-order low-pass filter, an output end of the high-order low-pass filter is connected with an input end of the ADC, an output end of the ADC is connected with an input end of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor is electrically connected with the power supply;
The anti-collision passive detection method for the petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil comprises the following steps of:
S1: measuring azimuth and distance of a known production wellhead relative to a drilling inlet;
S2: the induced voltage signal generated by the enameled wire is amplified by the programmable amplifier, filtered by the high-order low-pass filter, and is processed by the microprocessor after analog-to-digital conversion of the ADC, and finally a group of periodic induced voltage signal data is obtained, wherein the periodicity of the induced voltage signal data is consistent with the rotation period of the drill string; when the extreme point with the time domain waveform similarity larger than 60% repeatedly appears at the same phase of more than two periods, the extreme point corresponds to a magnetic source, and in the initial drilling stage of the well being drilled, if the azimuth angle of the extreme point corresponds to the azimuth angle of a known production wellhead, the magnetic source is the known production well, and the distance between the known production well and the magnetic core coil is calculated by the following formula:
Wherein:
L is the distance between the magnetic source and the measurement short circuit, and the unit is: m;
k 1、k2 are all intermediate variables of the formula, and have no physical meaning;
R is the known production well casing outside diameter in units: m;
the phase of the extreme point, unit: a degree;
R 1 is the known production well casing inner diameter in units: m;
k 3 is an empirical value, unit: m;
k 4 is an empirical coefficient, dimensionless;
n is the number of turns of the enameled wire, and the unit is: a turn;
l is the length of the high permeability core in units: m;
Mu r is the relative permeability of the known production well casing, dimensionless;
b is the geomagnetic field magnitude of the known production well casing position, and the unit is: t is a T;
θ is the angle between the geomagnetic field and the casing of the known production well, in units of: a degree;
v i is the induced voltage, unit: v, V;
d is the diameter of the high permeability core, unit: m;
s3: and (3) the depth of the measurement short circuit in the drilling process of the drilling well, and the distance between the measurement short circuit at each depth and the known production well are in one-to-one correspondence to obtain a three-dimensional distance model of the whole well Duan Zheng drilling well and the known production well.
2. The core coil based passive detection method for oil drilling collision avoidance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high permeability core is cylindrical, the diameter of the high permeability core is greater than 1cm, and the ratio of the length to the diameter of the high permeability core is greater than 20.
3. The anti-collision passive detection method for petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil according to claim 1, wherein the enameled wires are uniformly wound on the middle section of the high-permeability magnetic core, and the lengths of the non-wound enameled wires at the two ends of the high-permeability magnetic core are equal.
4. The core coil-based passive detection method for oil drilling collision avoidance as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of turns of the enamel wire is greater than 1000 turns.
5. The core coil based anti-collision passive detection method for petroleum drilling according to claim 1, wherein the programmable amplifier adopts a differential input low-noise instrumentation amplifier, the amplification gain of the low-noise instrumentation amplifier is adjustable by 1-10000 times, and the amplification gain of the low-noise instrumentation amplifier is adjusted by analog voltage, or is adjusted by a digital interface, or is automatically adjusted by back-end feedback.
6. The anti-collision passive detection method for petroleum drilling based on the magnetic core coil according to claim 1, wherein the high-order low-pass filter is an active RC low-pass filter or a switched capacitor filter, the high-order low-pass filter is 100Hz low-pass, and the order is more than or equal to 4.
7. The core coil based anti-collision passive detection method for petroleum drilling according to claim 1, wherein the ADC adopts a high resolution ADC with a resolution of 16 bits or more, and the sampling rate of the ADC is greater than 1Ksps.
8. The core coil-based passive detection method for oil drilling collision avoidance as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 5 to 7, wherein the microprocessor is a low power microprocessor, and any one or more communication interfaces of SPI, UART, IIC are provided on the microprocessor.
9. The core coil-based anti-collision passive detection method for petroleum drilling according to claim 1, wherein the value of k 3 is in the range of 8-5000 m, and the value of k 4 is in the range of 0.5-0.96.
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