CN111176886B - Database mode switching method and device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Database mode switching method and device and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111176886B CN111176886B CN201811330498.2A CN201811330498A CN111176886B CN 111176886 B CN111176886 B CN 111176886B CN 201811330498 A CN201811330498 A CN 201811330498A CN 111176886 B CN111176886 B CN 111176886B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1458—Management of the backup or restore process
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/60—Software deployment
- G06F8/61—Installation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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Abstract
The application provides a database mode switching method, a database mode switching device and electronic equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving a mode switching instruction, and checking whether an installation package of database management software is written on a new node based on the address of the new node in the mode switching instruction; if yes, stopping the writing service of the database, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory; if the database is successfully exported, installing the database management software on the new node based on the installation package, and updating the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the database management software of the new node according to a preset high-availability strategy; and importing the database to the new node, and starting the writing service of the database and the new node. The technical scheme of the application realizes the switching of the database from the single machine mode to the double machine mode, thereby realizing disaster recovery and high availability of the database.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for switching database modes, and an electronic device.
Background
The installation modes of the database are mainly divided into three types: the method has the advantages that firstly, in a single mode, a database environment is installed on a single device, the mode is low in cost, and the installation and the deployment are simple and quick, so that the method is suitable for small projects; the second mode is that databases are respectively installed on two devices, the databases of the two devices are configured into a High Available (HA) dual-machine cluster, and the two devices in the dual-machine cluster can synchronize the data of the databases of the two devices to the databases of the opposite-end devices in real time, so that the High availability is realized; and thirdly, in a cluster mode, databases are respectively installed on at least three devices, the databases on the devices form distributed storage, and the cluster mode has high availability and higher cost and is suitable for large projects.
With the development of projects, the data volume contained in the data can be increased continuously, and if a single machine model is used for storing data all the time, the normal operation of the service can be influenced due to the conditions of unstable network or equipment downtime and the like, and even the data is lost or the service is interrupted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a method, an apparatus and an electronic device for switching a database of a single machine model to a database of a dual machine model, thereby realizing disaster recovery and high availability of the database.
Specifically, the application is realized by the following technical scheme:
A method for switching database modes, comprising:
Receiving a mode switching instruction, and checking whether an installation package of database management software is written on a new node based on the address of the new node in the mode switching instruction;
If yes, stopping the writing service of the database, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory;
if the database is successfully exported, installing the database management software on the new node based on the installation package, and updating the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the database management software of the new node according to a preset high-availability strategy;
and importing the database to the new node, and starting the writing service of the database and the new node.
In the database mode switching method, the method further comprises:
and when the new node is determined to be written with the installation package, backing up the configuration file of the local database management software.
In the database mode switching method, the method further comprises:
if an error occurs when exporting the database to the specified directory, the exported data is emptied, and the switching flow is ended.
In the database mode switching method, the method further comprises:
If errors occur in updating the configuration of the database management software of the device, rolling back the backed-up configuration file;
and clearing the exported database, and ending the switching flow.
In the database mode switching method, the method further comprises:
after the writing service of the self and the new node is started, deleting the backed-up configuration file and deleting the database under the appointed directory.
A database mode switching apparatus, comprising:
The checking unit is used for receiving a mode switching instruction and checking whether an installation package of the database management software is written on a new node or not based on the address of the new node in the mode switching instruction;
The backup unit is used for stopping the writing service to the database if yes, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory;
an updating unit, configured to install the database management software on the new node based on the installation package if the database is successfully exported, and update the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the database management software of the new node according to a preset high availability policy;
And the importing unit is used for importing the database to the new node and starting the writing service of the new node and the database.
In the database mode switching device, the backup unit is further configured to:
and when the new node is determined to be written with the installation package, backing up the configuration file of the local database management software.
In the database mode switching device, the device further includes:
and the first ending unit is used for clearing the exported data and ending the switching flow if an error occurs when the database is exported to the appointed directory.
In the database mode switching device, the device further includes:
A rollback unit, configured to rollback the backed-up configuration file if an error occurs in updating the configuration of the database management software of the rollback unit;
And the second ending unit is used for emptying the exported database and ending the switching flow.
In the database mode switching device, the device further includes:
And the deleting unit is used for deleting the backed-up configuration file after starting the writing service of the self and new nodes and deleting the database under the appointed directory.
An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and machine-executable instructions stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the machine-executable instructions, performs the method of:
Receiving a mode switching instruction, and checking whether an installation package of database management software is written on a new node based on the address of the new node in the mode switching instruction;
If yes, stopping the writing service of the database, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory;
if the database is successfully exported, installing the database management software on the new node based on the installation package, and updating the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the database management software of the new node according to a preset high-availability strategy;
and importing the database to the new node, and starting the writing service of the database and the new node.
In the embodiment of the application, after a storage node receives a mode switching instruction, based on the address of a new node in the mode switching instruction, checking whether the new node is written into an installation package of database management software, if so, stopping writing service to a database, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory; if the database is successfully exported, the database management software can be installed on the new node based on the installation Bao Zaishang, and the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the database management software of the new node can be updated based on a preset high-availability policy, and further, the database is imported to the new node, and the writing service of the new node and the new node is started;
through the measures, the database installation and deployment mode is switched from the single machine mode to the high-availability double machine mode, so that disaster recovery and high availability of the database are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of switching database modes according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for switching database modes according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a database schema switching apparatus according to the present application;
fig. 4 is a hardware configuration diagram of an electronic device according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention and make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more comprehensible, the following describes the technical solutions in the prior art and the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for switching database modes is shown in the present application, and the method includes the following steps:
Step 101: and receiving a mode switching instruction, and checking whether an installation package of the database management software is written on a new node based on the address of the new node in the mode switching instruction.
The method can be applied to electronic equipment with deployed databases, which can be a server or a computer, and can serve as a storage node to provide storage services for other equipment.
When the user needs to change the deployment mode of the database, a mode switching instruction can be issued to the storage node, and a new storage node is informed to the storage node through the address in the mode switching instruction. Of course, after the user selects a new node, the installation package of the database management software may be written to the new node. The database management software may include MySQL and mariaDB, but may be other database management software capable of implementing high availability policies, as an example, and not listed here.
In one embodiment shown, the mode switch command carries the path of the install package in the new node. The storage node may look up whether the installation packet has been written in the new node based on the address (e.g., IP address) of the new node and the path.
On the other hand, the new node may not write the installation packet in the path, and at this time, the storage node may determine that the mode switching cannot be performed, and end the switching flow.
On the other hand, if the installation packet is already written in the path of the new node, a subsequent switching process may be performed, which is described in detail in the following.
For further explanation of the overall flow of the present solution, refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic flow diagram of a database schema switching method according to the present application. As shown in fig. 2, in step 201, the storage node of the configured database receives a mode switch instruction, and then performs step 202 to check whether the new node has written an installation package of database management software.
If the new node is not written with the installation package, step 208 is executed, and the switching process is terminated.
Step 102: if yes, stopping the writing service to the database, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory.
When the storage node determines that the subsequent switching process can be executed, the writing service to the database can be stopped first, so as to avoid inconsistent data written in the two subsequent storage nodes.
As an embodiment, the storage node may stop the writing service to the database by locking the metadata of the local database so that the upper layer application cannot access the database.
As another embodiment, the storage node may disconnect a switch between the database and the upper layer application, so that the upper layer application cannot access the database, thereby stopping the writing service to the database.
Further, for the purpose of quickly backing up the local database to the new node, the storage node may export the database to a local designated directory.
Referring to fig. 2, when an installation package has been written on the new node, the storage node performs step 203, suspends the write traffic, and exports the database.
In one embodiment, to avoid database unavailability caused by a subsequent mode switch error, the storage node may backup a configuration file of local database management software after determining that the installation package has been written on the new node. And if errors occur in the switching process, the storage node can be restored to the current state according to the backed-up configuration file.
Step 103: and if the database is successfully exported, installing the database management software on the new node based on the installation package, and updating the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the database management software of the new node according to a preset high-availability strategy.
After exporting the database to the specified directory, the storage node may install database management software on the new node based on an installation package of the new node.
Further, when the database management software on the new node is installed, the database management software of the two storage nodes may be configured in a dual mode. The storage node can update the configuration of the self database management software and the database management software of the new node through a preset high-availability strategy. Of course, in practical applications, the database software may be restarted after the configuration is updated to complete the configuration of the high availability dual-machine cluster.
The high availability policy may define information such as a storage engine, a log format, a log reservation period, a management node identifier, an identifier of a database between two storage nodes that needs to be synchronized, and a type GTID (Global Transaction Identifier ), which may be specifically referred to the related art, and the present application is not described herein.
In addition, the storage node may generate an error when exporting the database to the specified directory, in which case the storage node may empty the exported data and end the handover procedure. By this measure, it is possible to avoid that unused data occupies the storage space.
Referring to fig. 2, if the database is successfully exported, the storage node may further execute step 204 to configure the dual mode of the database, i.e., install the database management software on the new node, and update the configuration of the database management software of both storage nodes. Of course, if the database is not exported, step 209 is performed to empty the exported data, and the switching process is terminated.
When the configuration of the database management software of two storage nodes is updated through the high availability policy, an error may occur, in which case the database mode switch fails and still operates in the stand-alone mode, so that the storage nodes may rollback the backed-up configuration file, thereby restoring to the operating state before the switch mode.
Further, the storage node may empty the database from which the specified directory has been exported, thereby avoiding the occupation of storage space by unused data.
Of course, if no error occurs, the switching process may be continued, as described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 2, if an error occurs in configuring the dual mode, step 210 is performed to roll back the backed up configuration file, empty the exported database, and end the switching process. In addition, if the dual mode is successfully configured, step 205 may be further performed to import the backed up database to the new node.
Step 104: and importing the database to the new node, and starting the writing service of the database and the new node.
After updating the configuration of the own database management software and the database management software of the new node, the storage node may export the database exported to the designated directory to the new node, so that the new node is identical to the own data. Further, the storage node can start the writing service of the storage node and the new node, and the data written in any storage node can be backed up to another storage node.
In this case, the two storage nodes can be mutually backed up, and after any storage node fails, the other storage node takes over the service of the failed storage node, so that the upper layer application can access the database as usual, thereby realizing disaster recovery and high availability of the database.
Further, after the write-in service of the self and the new node is started, the backed-up configuration file and the database exported to the appointed directory are useless, so that the configuration file and the database under the appointed directory can be deleted, and the occupation of the storage space is reduced.
Of course, the storage node may make an error when importing the database to the new node, in this case, the backed-up configuration file may be rolled back, the exported data may be emptied, and then the switching process is ended, so that the operation of the upper layer application is restored to the stand-alone mode and normally processed.
Referring to fig. 2, if an error occurs when the storage node performs step 205, step 211 may be performed, thereby ending the handover procedure. If step 205 is successfully performed, step 206 may be further performed to delete the backed up configuration file and database, thereby ending the handoff procedure.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present application, after receiving the mode switching instruction, the storage node may check whether an installation package of the database management software has been written into the new node, if so, the storage node may stop the writing service to the local database, export the database to the local designated directory, install the database management software on the new node, and update the configuration of the database management software of the storage node and the database management software of the new node according to the preset high availability policy, thereby implementing the configuration of the database high availability dual-mode, and further, import the database into the new node, and start the writing service of the storage node and the new node;
Through the measures, the database can be switched from the single-machine mode to the double-machine mode, so that disaster recovery and high availability of the database are realized.
The application also provides an embodiment of the database mode switching device corresponding to the embodiment of the database mode switching method.
Referring to fig. 3, a block diagram of an embodiment of a database mode switching device according to the present application is shown:
as shown in fig. 3, the database-mode switching device 30 includes:
And a checking unit 310, configured to receive a mode switching instruction, and based on an address of a new node in the mode switching instruction, check whether an installation package of database management software has been written on the new node.
And the backup unit 320 is configured to stop the writing service to the database if yes, and export the database to a local designated directory.
And an updating unit 330, configured to install the database management software on the new node based on the installation package if the database is successfully exported, and update the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the database management software of the new node according to a preset high availability policy.
And the importing unit 340 is configured to import the database to the new node, and start writing services of the new node and the new node.
In this example, the backup unit 320 is further configured to:
and when the new node is determined to be written with the installation package, backing up the configuration file of the local database management software.
In this example, the apparatus further includes:
a first ending unit 350 (not shown in the figure) for, if an error occurs when exporting the database to the specified directory, emptying the exported data and ending the switching flow.
In this example, the apparatus further includes:
A rollback unit 360 (not shown in the figure) for rolling back the backed-up configuration file if an error occurs in updating the configuration of the own database management software;
a second ending unit 370 (not shown in the figure) for emptying the exported database and ending the handover procedure.
In this example, the apparatus further includes:
And a deleting unit 380 (not shown in the figure) configured to delete the backed-up configuration file and delete the database under the specified directory after the writing service of the new node and the self-body is started.
The embodiment of the database mode switching device can be applied to electronic equipment. The apparatus embodiments may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by hardware or a combination of hardware and software. Taking software implementation as an example, the device in a logic sense is formed by reading corresponding computer program instructions in a nonvolatile memory into a memory by a processor of an electronic device where the device is located for operation.
In terms of hardware, as shown in fig. 4, a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device where the database schema switching apparatus of the present application is located may include a processor 401 and a machine-readable storage medium 402 storing machine-executable instructions. The processor 401 and the machine-readable storage medium 402 may communicate via a system bus 403. The processor 401 may be capable of implementing a database schema switch by loading and executing machine executable instructions stored by the machine readable storage medium 402.
The machine-readable storage medium 402 referred to herein may be any electronic, magnetic, optical, or other physical storage device that may contain or store information, such as executable instructions, data, or the like. For example, a machine-readable storage medium may be: RAM (Radom Access Memory, random access memory), volatile memory, non-volatile memory, flash memory, a storage drive (e.g., hard drive), a solid state disk, any type of storage disk (e.g., optical disk, dvd, etc.), or a similar storage medium, or a combination thereof.
For the device embodiments, reference is made to the description of the method embodiments for the relevant points, since they essentially correspond to the method embodiments. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present application without undue burden.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather to enable any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like to be made within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (11)
1. A method for switching database modes, wherein the method is applied to an electronic device which has deployed a database, and the electronic device serves as a storage node to provide storage services for other devices, and comprises the following steps:
Receiving a mode switching instruction, and checking whether an installation package of database management software is written on a new node based on the address of the new node in the mode switching instruction; the mode switching instruction is used for indicating to switch the database of the single machine model into the database of the double machine mode;
If yes, stopping the writing service of the database, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory;
If the database is successfully exported, installing the database management software on the new node based on the installation package, and updating the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the own database management software according to a preset high-availability strategy so as to configure the database management software of the new node and the own database management software into a dual-machine mode;
And importing the database to the new node, and starting the writing service of the database and the new node after the database is imported to the new node.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
and when the new node is determined to be written with the installation package, backing up the configuration file of the local database management software.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
if an error occurs when exporting the database to the specified directory, the exported data is emptied, and the switching flow is ended.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:
If errors occur in updating the configuration of the database management software of the device, rolling back the backed-up configuration file;
and clearing the exported database, and ending the switching flow.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:
after the writing service of the self and the new node is started, deleting the backed-up configuration file and deleting the database under the appointed directory.
6. A database mode switching apparatus, applied to an electronic device that has deployed a database, the electronic device serving as a storage node to provide storage services to other devices, comprising:
The checking unit is used for receiving a mode switching instruction and checking whether an installation package of the database management software is written on a new node or not based on the address of the new node in the mode switching instruction; the mode switching instruction is used for indicating to switch the database of the single machine model into the database of the double machine mode;
The backup unit is used for stopping the writing service to the database if yes, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory;
An updating unit, configured to install the database management software on the new node based on the installation package if the database is successfully exported, and update configurations of the database management software of the new node and the own database management software according to a preset high availability policy, so as to configure the database management software of the new node and the own database management software into a dual-machine mode;
And the importing unit is used for importing the database to the new node, and starting the writing service of the new node and the database after the database is imported to the new node.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the backup unit is further configured to:
and when the new node is determined to be written with the installation package, backing up the configuration file of the local database management software.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
and the first ending unit is used for clearing the exported data and ending the switching flow if an error occurs when the database is exported to the appointed directory.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
A rollback unit, configured to rollback the backed-up configuration file if an error occurs in updating the configuration of the database management software of the rollback unit;
And the second ending unit is used for emptying the exported database and ending the switching flow.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
And the deleting unit is used for deleting the backed-up configuration file after starting the writing service of the self and new nodes and deleting the database under the appointed directory.
11. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and machine-executable instructions stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the machine-executable instructions when executed by the processor implement the method of:
Receiving a mode switching instruction, and checking whether an installation package of database management software is written on a new node based on the address of the new node in the mode switching instruction; the mode switching instruction is used for indicating to switch the database of the single machine model into the database of the double machine mode;
If yes, stopping the writing service of the database, and exporting the database to a local appointed directory;
If the database is successfully exported, installing the database management software on the new node based on the installation package, and updating the configuration of the database management software of the new node and the own database management software according to a preset high-availability strategy so as to configure the database management software of the new node and the own database management software into a dual-machine mode;
And importing the database to the new node, and starting the writing service of the database and the new node after the database is imported to the new node.
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