CN111157579A - Experimental device and method for regulating and controlling active ingredients by input parameters of discharge reactor - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for regulating and controlling active ingredients by input parameters of discharge reactor Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000011430 maximum method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004178 biological nitrogen fixation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1281—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of liquids or gases
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and method for regulating and controlling active ingredients by input parameters of a discharge reactor. The device comprises a buffer air chamber, an oscilloscope, a high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply, a transformer and a high-voltage electrode discharge reactor. The invention utilizes the rotating sliding arc discharge of gas-liquid two-phase discharge to generate plasma which is directly contacted with atomized liquid drops, thereby increasing the contact area, being more beneficial to fixing nitrogen, and the liquid obtained by reaction can be directly applied to plant fertilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device and method for regulating and controlling active ingredients by input parameters of a discharge reactor, which are used for researching the generation characteristics of the discharge active ingredients by changing parameters of a discharge area such as power supply voltage, a water-gas mixing ratio introduced into an atomizing nozzle, gas ingredients introduced into the atomizing nozzle and the like, and belong to the technical field of high-voltage electrode discharge.
Background
The existing nitrogen fixation technologies include a haber method industrial ammonia synthesis technology, a synthetic nitric acid method and a chemical simulation biological nitrogen fixation method. The industrial ammonia synthesis and nitric acid synthesis methods have high energy consumption and large pollution, chemical simulation of biological nitrogen fixation is still in an experimental research stage, and the method is not put into practical application and has low yield. The natural thunder and lightning can ionize the air to generate nitrogen oxides which are dissolved in water to generate nitrate and nitrite. The global nitrogen oxide can be generated by 1.6 multiplied by 107 tons each year through lightning discharge, the atmospheric pressure plasma discharge phenomenon is similar to natural lightning, the discharge excites the molecular ionization to generate a series of chemical processes to generate HNO-rich gasx、NOx、OH、H2O2、O3O, etc.
The gas-liquid two-phase sliding arc discharge plasma technology is a novel low-temperature plasma technology, and integrates physical and chemical effects such as oxidation, acid effect, ultraviolet irradiation and the like. Gas-liquid two-phase discharge plasma in or in contact with water generates a large amount of active species (also called active species) such as HNO due to electron impact and ultraviolet radiationx、NOx、OH、H2O2、O3And O, etc., which can be widely applied to the fields of agricultural production, environmental protection, material processing, biomedicine, etc. The gas-liquid two-phase sliding arc plasma has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, low energy efficiency and the like, and has wide prospects in the aspect of nitrogen fixation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for experimental research on generation characteristics of liquid-phase active ingredients under regulation and control of input parameters of a discharge reactor, wherein the generation characteristics of the discharge active ingredients are researched by changing parameters of a discharge area such as power supply voltage, a water-gas mixing ratio introduced into an atomizing nozzle, a gas ingredient introduced into the atomizing nozzle and the like, and the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-voltage electrode discharge reactor comprises an air inlet, a water inlet, an atomizing nozzle, a cyclone blade, a metal gasket, a high-voltage electrode, a quartz tube, a low-voltage electrode and a fixed sleeve;
the discharge reactor is divided into two areas, namely an atomization area and a discharge area;
the atomizing nozzle and the area below the atomizing nozzle form an atomizing area, the air inlet is positioned at the top of the atomizing nozzle, and the water inlet is positioned on the side wall of the atomizing nozzle;
the discharge area is composed of a metal gasket, a high-voltage electrode, a quartz tube and a low-voltage electrode, wherein the metal gasket is externally connected with a high-voltage power supply, the inside of the metal gasket is contacted with the high-voltage electrode, the low-voltage electrode is grounded to realize discharge between the two electrodes, and a sealing ring and a hoop are arranged on the outer side of the metal gasket; the cyclone blades and the low-voltage electrode are coaxially arranged, are positioned right above the low-voltage electrode and are axially positioned in the centers of the two metal gaskets; the bottom of the quartz tube is provided with a fixed sleeve.
Preferably, the low voltage electrode has a spiral structure.
Preferably, the high-voltage electrode comprises a metal sleeve, a shuttle-shaped electrode and blades, wherein the shuttle-shaped electrode is positioned in the metal sleeve, and the periphery of the shuttle-shaped electrode is connected with the inner wall of the metal sleeve through the blades in an inclined design.
Preferably, the fixing sleeve is a hollow cylinder, a plurality of screw holes for fixing the low-voltage electrode are formed in the lower portion of the side wall of the cylinder, a plurality of screw holes for adjusting the electrode spacing are formed in the upper portion of the side wall of the cylinder, and the bottom of the spiral low-voltage electrode is coaxially placed in the quartz tube after being fixed on the fixing sleeve.
An experimental device for regulating and controlling active ingredients by input parameters of a discharge reactor comprises a buffer air chamber, an oscilloscope, a high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply, a transformer and the high-voltage electrode discharge reactor;
the inlet of the buffer air chamber supplies air through a plurality of air sources, and the outlet of the buffer air chamber is connected with the air inlet of the discharge reactor through an air pump; the water to be treated stored in the water tank B is connected with a water inlet through a liquid pump;
the metal gasket is connected with the output end of a high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply, the low-voltage electrode is grounded, discharge is carried out between the two electrodes, and the high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply is connected with a commercial power through a transformer and is also connected with an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is respectively connected with the high-voltage probe and the current probe to acquire voltage and current data.
An experimental method for generating characteristics of active ingredients with different power supply voltages utilizes the device, and comprises the following steps:
(6-1) Water flow Rate settings
Respectively calculating water flow and air flow according to the optimal water-air mixing ratio and the total water-air flow, and adjusting the flow of the liquid pump to enable the water flow to reach a calculated value;
(6-2) airflow volume setting
Respectively calculating water flow and gas flow according to the optimal water-gas mixing ratio and the total water-gas flow, and adjusting the gas flow through a valve to enable a gas flowmeter to reach a calculated value;
(6-3) Voltage setting
Determining a voltage experiment point, adjusting an isolation transformer to change the output voltage of a power supply, opening the air pump, the liquid pump and the valve, pressing a power supply output switch when uniform water mist is sprayed out from a quartz tube orifice at the lower end of the reactor, starting discharging, timing, and closing the liquid pump, the air pump and the valve after the power supply is turned off after the specified discharging time;
(6-4) active ingredient assay
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(6-5) acquisition of electric signals
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(6-6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Introducing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (6-5) into Origin for data processing by adopting an instantaneous power method, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(6-7) image rendering
And drawing a bar chart by taking the voltage as an abscissa and the active ingredient generation amount and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate.
An experimental method for generating characteristics of discharge active ingredients with different water-gas mixing ratios utilizes the device, and comprises the following steps:
(7-1) setting water flow;
(7-2) air flow volume setting;
(7-3) voltage setting;
(7-4) active ingredient assay
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(7-5) acquisition of electric signals
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(7-6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Introducing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (7-5) into Origin for data processing by adopting an instantaneous power method, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(7-7) image rendering
And respectively drawing a bar chart by taking the water-gas mixing ratio as an abscissa and taking the active ingredient generation amount and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate.
An experimental method for the generation characteristics of liquid-phase active ingredients in a discharge region under different gas components utilizes the device, and comprises the following steps:
(8-1) inputting parameter water and gas flow setting in a discharge area;
the method arrangement according to claim 6;
(8-2) high-Voltage AC/pulse Power supply Voltage setting
Adjusting the high voltage ac/pulsed supply voltage to optimum parameters according to the method of claim 7;
(8-3) changing the gas species in the discharge region
The on-off of the valve set is controlled to select the type of gas;
(8-4) active ingredient assay
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(8-5) acquisition of electric signals
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(8-6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Introducing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (8-5) into Origin for data processing by adopting an instantaneous power method, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(8-7) image rendering
And then, taking the types of the gases introduced into the discharge area as an abscissa, and respectively taking the generation amount of the active ingredients and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate to draw a bar chart.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
patent CN102583278A discloses a device design of fixed nitrogen system nitric acid of dielectric barrier discharge, but the device utilizes and need get into secondary reactor and water reaction again after discharging and producing plasma, and the fixed nitrogen is inefficient and the nitric acid solution who obtains still need have further process flow and can use, but this patent utilizes gas-liquid two-phase discharge's arc discharge to produce plasma and atomizing liquid drop direct contact, increased area of contact, be more favorable to fixed nitrogen, and the liquid that obtains of reaction can directly be applied to the plant fertilization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage electrode discharge reactor;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the atomization zone of the discharge reactor;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a quartz tube;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a low voltage electrode;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a high voltage electrode;
fig. 6 is a structural view of the fixing sleeve;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the first embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the second embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a third embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a fourth embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, a high voltage electrode discharge reactor comprises an air inlet 1, a water inlet 2, an atomizing nozzle 3, a cyclone blade 4, a metal gasket 5, a quartz tube 6, a low voltage electrode 7, a fixed sleeve 8 and a high voltage electrode 10;
the discharge reactor is divided into two areas, namely an atomization area and a discharge area;
the atomizing nozzle 3 and the area below the atomizing nozzle form an atomizing area, the air inlet 1 is positioned at the top of the atomizing nozzle 3, and the water inlet 2 is positioned on the side wall of the atomizing nozzle 3;
the discharge area is composed of a metal gasket 5, a high-voltage electrode 10, a quartz tube 6 and a low-voltage electrode 7, wherein the metal gasket 5 is externally connected with a high-voltage power supply, the inside of the metal gasket is contacted with the high-voltage electrode 10, the low-voltage electrode 7 is grounded to realize discharge between the two electrodes, and a sealing ring 9 and a hoop 11 are arranged on the outer side of the metal gasket 5; the cyclone blades 4 and the low-voltage electrode 7 are coaxially arranged, are positioned right above the low-voltage electrode 7 and are axially positioned in the centers of the two metal gaskets 5; the bottom of the quartz 6 tube is provided with a fixed sleeve 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the atomization zone structure of the discharge reactor. The atomizing nozzle can generate water mist, the model can be selected from BD30-316SS of PNR company, the key parameter of the nozzle is the water mist cone angle theta, and the water mist is distributed in a solid cone shape. The nozzle is screwed into the upper part of the sleeve, the height from the tip to the bottom of the sleeve is h, the inner diameter of the sleeve is d, and h, d and theta have the following relations:
fig. 3 shows a quartz tube for placing a helical low voltage electrode with an inner diameter d.
The calculation procedure is designed for dimension d as follows:
Q＝Ql+Qg(3)
in the above formula, v is the flow rate of water mist, Q is the total flow rate of water and gas, and Q islIs the water flow rate, QgThe air flow is, the water content is P, and the cross-sectional area of the water mist passing part is S. S is calculated by empirically determining the optimum flow rate v and the optimum Q, and d is calculated by equation (4). Keeping Q unchanged in practical experiments, and changing Ql、QgBy changing the water content P, the optimum water content parameter can be determined experimentally so that the yield of active ingredient is maximized and the yield is maximized.
As shown in fig. 4, the low voltage electrode 7 has a spiral structure. The material can be selected from titanium, tungsten, nickel chromium and the like. The spiral electrode is selected because the discharge area can be reduced in the discharge process of the two electrodes, which is not beneficial to discharge, and the spiral electrode can enable the electric arc to rotate quickly, which is beneficial to discharge.
As shown in FIG. 5, the high voltage electrode 10 includes a metal sleeve 10-1, a shuttle-shaped electrode 10-2 and a blade 10-3, the shuttle-shaped electrode 10-2 is located in the metal sleeve 10-1, and the periphery of the shuttle-shaped electrode is connected with the inner wall of the metal sleeve 10-1 through the obliquely designed blade 10-3.
As shown in fig. 6, the fixing sleeve 8 is a hollow cylinder, a plurality of screw holes for fixing the low voltage electrode are arranged below the side wall of the cylinder, a plurality of screw holes for adjusting the electrode distance are arranged above the side wall of the cylinder, and the bottom of the spiral low voltage electrode is coaxially placed inside the quartz tube after being fixed on the fixing sleeve.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 7, an experimental study device for discharge active ingredient generation characteristics, the device comprises a buffer gas chamber, a separation tank, an ultrasonic power supply, an oscilloscope, a high-voltage ac/pulse power supply, a transformer and the high-voltage electrode discharge reactor;
the inlet of the buffer air chamber supplies air through a plurality of air sources, and the outlet of the buffer air chamber is connected with the air inlet of the discharge reactor through an air pump; the water to be treated stored in the water tank B is connected with a water inlet through a liquid pump;
the metal gasket is connected with the output end of a high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply, the low-voltage electrode is grounded, discharge is carried out between the two electrodes, and the high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply is connected with a commercial power through a transformer and is also connected with an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is respectively connected with the high-voltage probe and the current probe to acquire voltage and current data.
A water source is pumped into the atomizing nozzle from a water inlet of the atomizing nozzle through a liquid pump M, the water flow is monitored by a liquid flow meter FL, the liquid pump can be selected from Passcalpump, MG1015AD-ZWX-90/24 and the like, and the liquid flow meter can be selected from Gems, FT-210 and the like. The cylinders 1 to n store different kinds of gas, e.g. O2、N2Ar, etc. during the test, single gas can be selected, or a plurality of gases can be selected to be mixed and introduced into the air inlet of the atomizing nozzle, wherein the valve V1-VnUsed for regulating the types and flow rates of gases directly entering the discharge reactor, a gas flowmeter FG for monitoring the total flow rate of gases, wherein the gas flowmeter can select SIARGO, MF5706And the like. The water vapor is converted into water mist under the action of the atomizing nozzle and enters the reactor to participate in the discharge reaction. The generation amount of active ingredients in water is changed by changing parameters such as water-gas mixing ratio, gas species analogy and voltage.
Method for detecting amount of active ingredient produced
The present invention detects the amount of active ingredient produced by the absorbance method. Adding a certain amount of liquid to be detected into a chromogenic reagent, fully mixing, standing, fully reacting the chromogenic reagent with the detected active component, detecting by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer to obtain an absorbance characteristic peak of the reacted generated substance, wherein the wavelength of the characteristic peak is different from that of the original detected substance, and calculating by using the intensity of the characteristic peak to obtain the generation amount of the detected active component. The color reaction can use ozone and nitrite nitrogen color reagent of the giga-swan. In addition, the amount of active ingredient produced can be measured directly by a liquid phase concentration meter, such as ozone measuring instrument (GDYS-101SC2) of Jida or little swan, nitrite nitrogen measuring instrument (GDYS-101SX3), and hydrogen peroxide measuring instrument (DPM-H) of Kyoritsuchemical-check Lab2O2) (ii) a The concentration of the active ingredient can also be detected by spectroscopic detection, and a detection reagent is added into the collected solution containing active ingredient after discharge to calculate the concentration value by detecting the characteristic peak value of the reaction product, and NO is usedxFor example, NOxThe characteristic peak wavelength of the product after the reaction with the special NOx detection reagent of Changchong Geigao Xiao Swan instruments ltd is 530 nm.
Example two:
an experimental method for generating characteristics of active ingredients with different power supply voltages utilizes the device, and comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 8:
(1) water flow setting
Respectively calculating water flow and air flow according to the optimal water-air mixing ratio and the total water-air flow, and adjusting the flow of the liquid pump to enable the water flow to reach a calculated value;
the optimal water-gas mixing ratio is as follows: controlling a variable method, and only changing the water-gas mixing ratio to obtain the water-gas mixing ratio corresponding to the peak value of the optimal energy efficiency ratio, namely the optimal water-gas mixing ratio;
(2) airflow volume setting
Respectively calculating water flow and gas flow according to the optimal water-gas mixing ratio and the total water-gas flow, and adjusting the gas flow through a valve to enable a gas flowmeter to reach a calculated value;
(3) voltage setting
Determining a voltage experiment point, adjusting an isolation transformer to change the output voltage of a power supply, opening the air pump, the liquid pump and the valve, pressing a power supply output switch when uniform water mist is sprayed out from a quartz tube orifice at the lower end of the reactor, starting discharging, timing, and closing the liquid pump, the air pump and the valve after the power supply is turned off after the specified discharging time;
determining a voltage experimental point: finding a voltage critical value which can enable the discharge reactor to work normally, determining the number of experiments, and equally dividing an interval formed by critical voltage points to obtain voltage points which are voltage experiment points;
(4) active ingredient detection
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(5) electrical signal acquisition
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Adopting an instantaneous power method, importing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (5) into Origin for data processing, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(7) image rendering
And drawing a bar chart by taking the voltage as an abscissa and the active ingredient generation amount and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate.
Example three:
an experimental method for generating characteristics of discharge active ingredients with different water-gas mixing ratios by using the device of the first embodiment comprises the following steps, as shown in fig. 9:
(1) water flow setting
The total flow of water and gas is constant, water flow and gas flow experimental points are respectively calculated according to the water-gas mixing ratio experimental points, and the flow of a liquid pump is adjusted to enable the water flow to reach a calculated value;
water-gas mixing ratio experimental points: finding a critical value of the water-gas mixing ratio which can enable the discharge reactor to normally work, determining the number of experiments, and equally dividing an interval formed by the critical water-gas mixing ratio to obtain a water-gas mixing ratio point which is a water-gas mixing ratio experiment point;
(2) airflow volume setting
The total flow of water and gas is constant, water flow and gas flow are respectively calculated according to water-gas mixing ratio experimental points, the gas flow is adjusted through a valve V, a gas flowmeter reaches a calculated value, and a valve connected with each gas cylinder is a one-way valve and only plays a role in connection and disconnection. The gas of the invention can be selected from a single gas or a mixture of a plurality of gases. When selecting a single gas, the one-way valve V on only one cylinder is opened at a timenThe flow is detected by a gas flow meter connected to the gas cylinder n and has a value Vn(ii) a When a plurality of gases are selected to be mixed, the volume ratio of different gases is calculated besides the water-gas mixing ratio, and the flow rate of each gas is V1、V2···VnThe total flow rate of the gas is V ═ V1+V2+···+Vn；
(3) Voltage setting
Determining an optimal voltage value, and adjusting an isolation transformer to enable the power supply to output the optimal voltage; opening the air pump, the liquid pump and the valve, pressing the power output switch when uniform water mist is sprayed out from the quartz tube orifice at the lower end of the reactor, starting discharging, timing, and closing the liquid pump, the air pump and the valve after the power is turned off after the specified discharging time. Determining an optimal voltage value is determined by the second embodiment;
(4) active ingredient detection
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(5) electrical signal acquisition
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Adopting an instantaneous power method, importing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (5) into Origin for data processing, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(7) image rendering
And respectively drawing a bar chart by taking the water-gas mixing ratio as an abscissa and taking the active ingredient generation amount and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate.
Example four:
an experimental method for the liquid phase active ingredient generation characteristic of the discharge region under different gas components by using the device of the first embodiment comprises the following steps, as shown in fig. 10:
(1) parameter water and gas flow are input into a discharge area; regulating liquid pump M, valve group V1-VnAnd setting the water and air flow in the discharge area as optimal parameters.
The optimal parameters of the water-gas mixing ratio are obtained by an experimental method of discharge active ingredient generation characteristics of different water-gas mixing ratios, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1-1) Water flow Rate settings
The total flow of water and gas is constant, water flow and gas flow experimental points are respectively calculated according to the water-gas mixing ratio experimental points, and the water flow is adjusted to reach a calculated value;
water-gas mixing ratio experimental points: finding a critical value of the water-gas mixing ratio which can enable the discharge reactor to normally work, determining the number of experiments, and equally dividing an interval formed by the critical water-gas mixing ratio to obtain a water-gas mixing ratio point which is a water-gas mixing ratio experiment point;
(1-2) airflow volume setting
The total flow of water and gas is constant, the water flow and the gas flow are respectively calculated according to the experimental points of the water-gas mixture ratio, and a gas flowmeter is adjusted to reach the calculated value;
(1-3) Voltage setting
Determining an optimal voltage value, and adjusting an isolation transformer to enable the power supply to output the optimal voltage; determining the optimum voltage value is determined by the following steps (3-1) - (3-7);
(1-4) active ingredient assay
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(1-5) acquisition of electric signals
Collecting voltage and current signals;
(1-6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Introducing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (1-5) into Origin for data processing by adopting an instantaneous power method, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full-width half-maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(1-7) image rendering
And respectively drawing a bar chart by taking the water-gas mixing ratio as an abscissa and taking the active ingredient generation amount and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate.
(2) High voltage ac/pulsed supply voltage setting; the high voltage ac/pulsed supply voltage is adjusted to optimum parameters.
The determination of the optimum parameters is obtained by an experimental method of the active ingredient generation characteristics of different supply voltages, comprising the following steps:
(2-1) Water flow Rate settings
Respectively calculating water flow and air flow according to the optimal water-air mixing ratio and the total water-air flow, and adjusting the flow to enable the water flow to reach a calculated value;
the optimal water-gas mixing ratio is as follows: controlling a variable method, and only changing the water-gas mixing ratio to obtain the water-gas mixing ratio corresponding to the peak value of the optimal energy efficiency ratio, namely the optimal water-gas mixing ratio;
(2-2) airflow volume setting
Respectively calculating water flow and gas flow according to the optimal water-gas mixing ratio and the total water-gas flow, and adjusting a gas flowmeter to reach a calculated value;
(2-3) Voltage setting
Determining voltage experiment points, finding a voltage critical value which can enable the discharge reactor to normally work, determining the number of the experiments, and equally dividing intervals formed by the critical voltage points to obtain voltage points which are the voltage experiment points;
(2-4) active ingredient assay
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(2-5) acquisition of electric signals
Collecting voltage and current signals;
(2-6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Introducing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (2-5) into Origin for data processing by adopting an instantaneous power method, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full-width half-maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(2-7) image rendering
And drawing a bar chart by taking the voltage as an abscissa and the active ingredient generation amount and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate.
(3) Changing the kind of gas in discharge region
By controlling valve group V1-VnThe gas type can be selected by switching on and off, only one valve can be opened in a single experiment, a single gas can be selected, or a plurality of valves can be opened, and a mixed gas can be selected, but the total flow of the gas is kept consistent, and the single gas is taken as an example.
(4) Active ingredient detection
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(5) electrical signal acquisition
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Adopting an instantaneous power method, importing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (5) into Origin for data processing, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(7) image rendering
And then, taking the types of the gases introduced into the discharge area as an abscissa, and respectively taking the generation amount of the active ingredients and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate to draw a bar chart.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high voltage electrode discharge reactor, characterized by: the discharge reactor comprises an air inlet, a water inlet, an atomizing nozzle, a cyclone blade, a metal gasket, a high-voltage electrode, a quartz tube, a low-voltage electrode and a fixed sleeve;
the discharge reactor is divided into two areas, namely an atomization area and a discharge area;
the atomizing nozzle and the area below the atomizing nozzle form an atomizing area, the air inlet is positioned at the top of the atomizing nozzle, and the water inlet is positioned on the side wall of the atomizing nozzle;
the discharge area is composed of a metal gasket, a high-voltage electrode, a quartz tube and a low-voltage electrode, wherein the metal gasket is externally connected with a high-voltage power supply, the inside of the metal gasket is contacted with the high-voltage electrode, the low-voltage electrode is grounded to realize discharge between the two electrodes, and a sealing ring and a hoop are arranged on the outer side of the metal gasket; the cyclone blades and the low-voltage electrode are coaxially arranged, are positioned right above the low-voltage electrode and are axially positioned in the centers of the two metal gaskets; the bottom of the quartz tube is provided with a fixed sleeve.
2. A high voltage electrode discharge reactor according to claim 1, wherein said low voltage electrode is a spiral structure.
3. A high-voltage electrode discharge reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said high-voltage electrode comprises a metal sleeve, a shuttle-shaped electrode and blades, the shuttle-shaped electrode is located in the metal sleeve, and the periphery of the shuttle-shaped electrode is connected with the inner wall of the metal sleeve through the blades which are designed to be inclined.
4. The high voltage electrode discharge reactor as claimed in claim 2, wherein said sheath is a hollow cylinder, a plurality of screw holes are provided below the side wall of the cylinder for fixing the low voltage electrodes, a plurality of screw holes are provided above the side wall of the cylinder for adjusting the electrode spacing, and the bottom of said helical low voltage electrode is coaxially placed inside the quartz tube after being fixed on the sheath.
5. An experimental device for regulating and controlling active ingredients by input parameters of a discharge reactor researches generation characteristics of the discharge active ingredients by changing parameters of a discharge area such as power supply voltage, a water-gas mixing ratio introduced into an atomizing nozzle, gas ingredients introduced into the atomizing nozzle and the like, and is characterized by comprising a buffer gas chamber, an oscilloscope, a high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply, a transformer and the high-voltage electrode discharge reactor of claim 1;
the inlet of the buffer air chamber supplies air through a plurality of air sources, and the outlet of the buffer air chamber is connected with the air inlet of the discharge reactor through an air pump; the water to be treated stored in the water tank B is connected with a water inlet through a liquid pump;
the metal gasket is connected with the output end of a high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply, the low-voltage electrode is grounded, discharge is carried out between the two electrodes, and the high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply is connected with a commercial power through a transformer and is also connected with an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is respectively connected with the high-voltage probe and the current probe to acquire voltage and current data.
6. An experimental method for the generation characteristics of active ingredients at different supply voltages, characterized in that it uses the device of claim 5, with the following steps:
(6-1) setting water flow;
(6-2) airflow volume setting;
(6-3) voltage setting;
(6-4) detecting the active ingredients;
after the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(6-5) acquisition of electric signals
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(6-6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Introducing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (6-5) into Origin for data processing by adopting an instantaneous power method, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(6-7) image rendering
And drawing a bar chart by taking the voltage as an abscissa and the active ingredient generation amount and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate.
7. A method for testing the generation characteristics of discharge active ingredients with different input parameters of water-gas mixing ratio in discharge areas, which is characterized by using the device of claim 6, and comprising the following steps:
(7-1) setting water flow;
(7-2) air flow volume setting;
(7-3) voltage setting;
(7-4) active ingredient assay
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(7-5) acquisition of electric signals
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(7-6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Introducing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (7-5) into Origin for data processing by adopting an instantaneous power method, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(7-7) image rendering
And respectively drawing a bar chart by taking the water-gas mixing ratio as an abscissa and taking the active ingredient generation amount and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate.
8. An experimental method for the liquid phase active ingredient generation characteristic of discharge region under different gas components by using the device of claim 6, comprising the following steps:
(8-1) inputting parameter water and gas flow setting in a discharge area;
the method arrangement according to claim 6;
(8-2) setting the voltage of the high-voltage alternating current/pulse power supply; adjusting the high voltage ac/pulsed supply voltage to optimum parameters according to the method of claim 7;
(8-3) changing the gas species in the discharge region
The on-off of the valve set is controlled to select the type of gas;
(8-4) active ingredient assay
After the discharge is finished, taking a certain amount of collected solution as a water sample to be detected, detecting the generation amount of active ingredients, and calculating the yield of the active ingredients in a discharge period by combining the discharge time;
(8-5) acquisition of electric signals
Collecting voltage and current signals by using a high-voltage probe and a current probe, transmitting the voltage and current signals to an oscilloscope, and storing voltage and current data;
(8-6) energy efficiency ratio calculation
Introducing the voltage and current data acquired in the step (8-5) into Origin for data processing by adopting an instantaneous power method, drawing a power spectrogram, and calculating the energy of one power supply period by using a full width at half maximum method; the energy efficiency ratio is obtained by dividing the generation amount of the active ingredients in one discharge period by the energy in one discharge period;
(8-7) image rendering
And then, taking the types of the gases introduced into the discharge area as an abscissa, and respectively taking the generation amount of the active ingredients and the energy efficiency ratio as an ordinate to draw a bar chart.
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