CN111132113B - Low-power consumption Bluetooth Mesh network implementation method - Google Patents
Low-power consumption Bluetooth Mesh network implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111132113B CN111132113B CN201911410728.0A CN201911410728A CN111132113B CN 111132113 B CN111132113 B CN 111132113B CN 201911410728 A CN201911410728 A CN 201911410728A CN 111132113 B CN111132113 B CN 111132113B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention provides a low-power consumption Bluetooth Mesh network implementation method, which enables all nodes in a network to enter a low-power consumption mode; when any network node needs to transmit data, a wake-up mechanism is provided to wake up all nodes in the whole network, and then data communication is performed; when the communication process is finished, all nodes can automatically enter a low-power consumption mode; all message data of awakening and communication adopted by the network node accords with the Bluetooth Mesh standard specification, so that the network node can realize interconnection and intercommunication with other Bluetooth Mesh standard networks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of network communication, in particular to a method for realizing a low-power consumption Bluetooth Mesh network
Background
Bluetooth technology has been used for peer-to-peer communication, and has been widely used in bluetooth headsets, speakers, smartphones, tablet computers, wearable devices, wireless remote control devices, and the like. However, with the explosion of the internet of things, point-to-point communication cannot meet the requirement of connecting a large number of devices with each other. Therefore, the bluetooth association SIG formally releases the bluetooth Mesh specification in 2017, 7 and 19, which means that the bluetooth technology starts to fully support the Mesh network. The novel Bluetooth Mesh function provides many-to-many transmission among devices, particularly improves the communication capability of constructing a large-range network coverage, and is suitable for the solution of the Internet of things, such as building automation, wireless sensor networks and the like, which needs to transmit tens of thousands of devices in a reliable and safe environment.
The bluetooth Mesh network operates on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) among bluetooth 4.0 specifications and is forward compatible with bluetooth 4.0 and above, and the main principle is that a scanning/broadcasting mechanism among BLE technical specifications is utilized to realize message receiving/message forwarding, so that communication among a plurality of devices is realized. The simple adoption of the mechanism can require all communication nodes of the whole Mesh network to be in a working state so as to ensure the timely and reliable data transmission, but cannot fully exert the low power consumption characteristic of BLE. Therefore, in the bluetooth Mesh network specification, network nodes are classified into a plurality of types including relay nodes, proxy nodes, friend nodes, low power nodes, and the like. Only the low power consumption node actually utilizes the low power consumption characteristic of BLE, and the purpose of low power consumption is achieved by reducing the on duty ratio of the radio frequency transceiver, that is, the radio frequency transceiver can be turned on only when the node needs to send and receive information, and the node is in a dormant state at other times. Obviously, the low-power consumption node cannot receive information when in dormancy, so that a class of nodes in the Bluetooth Mesh network are specially used for serving the low-power consumption node, and are called friend nodes. The friend node is used for temporarily storing information sent to the low-power-consumption node, and the low-power-consumption node is used for retrieving relevant information from the friend node after exiting the sleep mode, so that information cannot be missed.
From the above, the current standard specification of the bluetooth Mesh network cannot be applied to an application scenario where all nodes have low power consumption requirements. If all devices have low power consumption requirements in an actual Mesh network application scenario, the devices need to adopt a low power consumption node mode, and further, each device needs to be provided with an additional friend node device. Obviously, in such an application scenario, the implementation and deployment costs of the entire network are greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the overall power consumption of the Bluetooth Mesh network and reduce application limitation, the invention provides a low-power-consumption Bluetooth Mesh network implementation method which can realize that all nodes of the whole Mesh network enter a low-power-consumption mode, is completely compatible with the standard Bluetooth Mesh specification, has better universality and is suitable for more low-power-consumption application scenes.
The invention provides a low-power consumption Bluetooth Mesh network implementation method, wherein the network comprises a plurality of nodes, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the sleep state and the wake-up mechanism are added on the basis of the Bluetooth Mesh network standard;
the network has a sleep state and an active state, the network is in the sleep state at ordinary times, wakes up firstly when data communication is needed, then enters the active state, adopts a Bluetooth Mesh network standard mode to communicate in the active state, and returns to the sleep state again after the communication is completed;
wherein all nodes within the network have four modes of operation: a low power mode, an awake mode, an idle mode, and an active mode; in the low power consumption mode, the node enters dormancy for most of the time, and monitors wake-up messages for a small part of the time; in the wake-up mode, the node continuously broadcasts a wake-up message outwards; in idle mode, the node monitors network communication information; in the active mode, the node receives and transmits network communication messages;
the conversion modes among the four working modes of the node are as follows: when the communication message is required to be actively sent or the wake-up message is monitored, the communication device automatically enters the wake-up mode; when in the wake-up mode, the device is maintained for a period of time, and then automatically enters an idle mode; if the message is required to be transmitted and received in the idle mode, entering an active mode; the node receives and transmits the communication message in the active mode, and returns to the idle mode after receiving and transmitting are completed; the idle mode automatically enters a low power consumption mode after being maintained for a period of time;
wherein, the network is in a low power consumption mode under a sleep state;
wherein, the wake-up mechanism of the network is as follows: a node enters a wake-up mode firstly, wakes up adjacent nodes, also enters the wake-up mode after the adjacent nodes are waken up, and further wakes up more surrounding nodes until all the nodes are waken up.
In one embodiment, the time for the node to sleep and listen in the low power mode is configurable by software.
In one embodiment, the node turns off the wireless transceiver of the node during a sleep phase and turns on the wireless transceiver during a listening phase in a low power mode.
In one embodiment, the node turns off the receiving module of the wireless transceiver of the node and turns on only the transmitting module in the awake mode.
In one embodiment, the wake-up message sent by the node in wake-up mode is encrypted with the current network key.
In one embodiment, the node may wake up and enter the active mode directly when receiving any valid data packets within the current network in the low power mode.
In one embodiment, the standard communication data packet sent by the node may wake up the node in the low power mode.
In one embodiment, the node is in a listening phase in a low power mode while also sending connectable broadcast to the outside.
In one embodiment, the node transmits a connectible broadcast to the outside while in idle mode.
In one embodiment, the duration of time between the node from the awake mode to the active mode may be set by software.
In one embodiment, the duration between the node switching from idle mode to low power mode may be set by software.
The invention provides a network sleep and wake-up mechanism based on the standard communication mode of the Bluetooth Mesh network, which is suitable for applications with less frequent communication tasks, more equipment nodes, large coverage area and low power consumption requirements. In addition, the low-power consumption awakening mechanism is simple and convenient to realize, does not need to design a complex synchronization mechanism, can be completely compatible with the Bluetooth standard Mesh network, and effectively expands the application range of the Bluetooth standard Mesh network.
Drawings
The foregoing summary of the invention, as well as the following detailed description of the invention, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be noted that the drawings are merely examples of the claimed invention. In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical or similar elements.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a network state transition diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a network node operational state transition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a network communication control flow diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The detailed features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, claims, and drawings that follow.
The bluetooth standard Mesh specification defines various types of nodes, wherein only low-power-consumption nodes can keep a low-power-consumption working mode, other nodes such as relay nodes, proxy nodes, friend nodes and the like cannot enter the low-power-consumption mode and always keep working, the average power consumption of the whole network is high, and the application is not limited little.
According to the low-power consumption Bluetooth Mesh network implementation method provided by the invention, all nodes in the network can enter a low-power consumption mode; when any network node needs to transmit data, a wake-up mechanism is provided to wake up all nodes in the whole network, and then data communication is performed; when the communication process is finished, all nodes can automatically enter a low-power consumption mode; all message data of awakening and communication adopted by the network node accords with the Bluetooth Mesh standard specification, so that the network node can realize interconnection and intercommunication with other Bluetooth Mesh standard networks.
By way of example, one application scenario of the present invention is an energy saving lamp networking solution within a building, as shown in fig. 1. The system consists of a central control device S101 and a plurality of energy-saving lamp devices S102, wherein all the devices form a network, and each device serves as a node in the network. The central control device S101 needs to perform on and off control on all the energy-saving lamp devices S102 individually or integrally, and acquire the on-off state, the use time, the battery power information and the like of each energy-saving lamp device S102, and any energy-saving lamp device S102 can also actively send state information or alarm information and the like to the central control device S101.
Because the distance between the devices in the building is possibly far or the devices are influenced by wall shielding, the Bluetooth Mesh network is a better solution for enabling the central control device to reliably communicate with the energy-saving lamp with the farthest distance. The central control device S101 and each energy-saving lamp device S102 each use Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology as each communication node in the network. However, in the definition of the bluetooth Mesh standard specification, the relay node and the low-power node are two types, and the central control device S101 and the energy-saving lamp device S102 are powered by batteries, so that there is a high requirement on power consumption, if the relay node is used as the relay node, the power consumption requirement cannot be met, and if the relay node is used as the low-power node, an additional relay node is required to be provided, so that the cost is greatly increased. Therefore, a low-power consumption scheme of the whole network is designed according to the application requirement, so that all devices can be used as relay nodes and have the characteristic of low power consumption.
As shown in fig. 2, the overall network defines two states, sleep state S201 and active state S202, respectively. The network is in a sleep state S201 at ordinary times, and the overall network power consumption is maintained at a very low level; when there is data to be communicated, the network is awakened into an active state S202. In the sleep state, each node of the network is in a working state with low power consumption correspondingly, communication can be realized between each device serving as the node only in the active state, and the Bluetooth Mesh communication protocol is adopted for data communication. Because the central control device S101 performs control and status information reading on the energy-saving lamp device S102, or the energy-saving lamp device S102 performs low-frequency operation such as active information sending during central control, the formed network can be in a sleep state in most of the time, and only when a small number of communication control is needed, the network wakes up to enter an active state, and after a communication task is completed, the network automatically enters the sleep state, so that lower average power consumption is realized.
Therefore, on the basis of the Bluetooth standard Mesh network, the invention adds a sleep state and a wake-up mechanism of the network, and the sleep state and the wake-up mechanism are further described below.
As shown in fig. 3, each device node is designed with four modes of operation: a low power consumption mode S301, an awake mode S302, an idle mode S303, and an active mode S304.
In the low power consumption mode S301, the node starts to monitor the network message after a period of dormancy, and continues to dormancy again after a period of dormancy, and so on. To keep the power consumption low, the sleep time can be lengthened, the listening time can be shortened, and the wireless transceiver can be turned off during sleep and other modules not needed to work, and the wireless transceiver can be turned on only during the listening phase. When a wake-up message or other effective communication messages in the network are received during the monitoring process, the node exits the low power consumption mode and enters the wake-up mode S302.
In wake-up mode S302, the node turns on the wireless transceiver, continuing to broadcast a wake-up message to the outside. The wake-up message is encrypted by the current network key to ensure that the wake-up message cannot be awakened by other messages in a low power consumption mode. Because the whole network communication protocol adopts the Bluetooth Mesh standard protocol, the data format of the wake-up message can also adopt a data packet format conforming to the Bluetooth Mesh standard. After the awake mode continues for a period of time T1, the node automatically enters the idle mode. The time T1 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. In the wake-up mode, the receiving module of the wireless transceiver may be turned off to save a certain power consumption.
In idle mode S303, the node turns on the wireless transceiver, continuously maintaining listening to network communication messages. If there is a received message, the active mode is entered. If no message has been received after a period of time T2 in idle mode, the node automatically enters a low power consumption mode. The time T2 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
In the active mode S304, the node opens the wireless transceiver to transmit or forward the communication message; after completing one message transmission or forwarding, the node automatically enters into an idle mode.
Taking an example that the central control device needs to control a certain energy-saving lamp device at a remote place, the communication control flow of the whole network is shown in fig. 4, and is described as follows:
step S401: the network is in a sleep state in a default state, and all equipment nodes are in a low-power consumption mode;
step S402: the central control equipment node exits from the low power consumption mode, enters into the wake-up mode and continuously sends out wake-up information;
step S403: after receiving the wake-up message, the equipment nodes adjacent to the central control equipment node exit the low power consumption mode and enter a wake-up mode, so that more peripheral equipment nodes are further awakened;
step S404: after the wake-up mode is continued for a period of time and all the equipment nodes are awakened, entering an idle mode, and at the moment, entering an active state by the whole network;
step S405: the central control equipment node sends out a communication message to the target energy-saving lamp equipment node, and all equipment nodes in the network forward the message by adopting a Bluetooth Mesh standard communication mode until the target energy-saving lamp equipment node receives the message;
step S406: ending the communication task, and sequentially entering an idle mode by all equipment nodes;
step S407: all nodes enter a low power consumption mode in turn after a period of time passes, and the network enters a sleep state.
Similarly, when a certain energy-saving lamp device fails and needs to actively alarm to the central control device, the process can also be adopted, the network is firstly awakened, then communication with the central control device is started by adopting a Bluetooth Mesh network standard communication mode, and after an alarm task is completed, the network returns to a sleep state to keep low power consumption.
In order to avoid the network from being awakened by other messages by mistake during sleeping, the awakening message adopts the same encryption mechanism as the common communication message, and is encrypted by the current network key so as to ensure that only the awakening message of the current network can awaken the node. Thus, even if a plurality of adjacent buildings adopt the scheme of the invention, network communication is independent and does not interfere with each other.
Considering that the node wake-up mode is only maintained for a short period of time, and then enters the idle mode, it may happen that the existing node is always in the low power mode because of missing wake-up messages for some reasons, so that any valid communication messages received in the current network in the low power mode can be woken up and directly enter the active mode.
Because the Mesh mode is adopted for communication, the data transmission speed is relatively slow, and therefore, the function of point-to-point connection with other Bluetooth terminals is designed for each equipment node. The realization method is that connectable Bluetooth broadcast is sent in a monitoring period when the equipment node is in a low power consumption mode and in an idle mode, and a user can scan the equipment node by using a Bluetooth terminal with BLE function such as a mobile phone and the like and establish connection. By adopting the Bluetooth connection point-to-point communication mode, the communication speed and the communication efficiency are high, and the Bluetooth connection point-to-point communication mode is suitable for realizing more complex functions, such as equipment maintenance, OTA firmware upgrading and the like. Since the standard connectible broadcast is not the same as the bluetooth Mesh packet format, it does not have any impact on the wake-up procedure described above.
It should be noted that, the application scenario in the above embodiment is energy-saving lamp networking in a building, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be applied to node device networking adopting the standard communication mode of the bluetooth Mesh network.
The invention provides a low-power consumption Bluetooth Mesh network implementation method, which is characterized in that a sleep state and a wake-up mechanism are added on the basis of the Bluetooth Mesh network standard.
The network is in a sleep state at ordinary times, wakes up firstly when data communication is needed, then enters an active state, adopts a Bluetooth Mesh network standard mode to communicate in the active state, and returns to the sleep state again after the communication is completed.
All nodes in the network are designed with four modes of operation: low power consumption mode, wake mode, idle mode and active mode. In a low power consumption mode, the node enters sleep most of the time, and monitors wake-up messages in a small part of the time; in the wake-up mode, the node continuously broadcasts a wake-up message outwards; in idle mode, the node monitors network communication information; in the active mode, the node receives and transmits communication messages. The four mode conversion modes are as follows: when the communication message is required to be actively sent or the wake-up message is monitored, the communication device automatically enters the wake-up mode; when in the wake-up mode, the device is maintained for a period of time, and then automatically enters an idle mode; if the communication information needs to be transmitted and received in the idle mode, entering an active mode; the node receives and transmits the communication message in the active mode, and returns to the idle mode after the communication message is completed; the idle mode is maintained for a period of time and then automatically enters a low power consumption mode.
In the sleep state, the network has all nodes in a low power consumption mode. The wake-up mechanism of the network is as follows: the node enters the wake-up mode firstly, the adjacent node is awakened, the adjacent node also enters the wake-up mode after being awakened, and more surrounding nodes are further awakened until all the nodes are awakened.
Preferably, the time for the node to sleep and listen in the low power mode is configurable by software.
Preferably, the node turns off the wireless transceiver during the sleep phase and turns on the wireless transceiver during the listening phase in the low power mode.
Preferably, the node turns off the receiving module of the wireless transceiver and turns on only the transmitting module in the awake mode.
Preferably, the wake-up message sent by the node in wake-up mode is encrypted with the current network key.
Preferably, in the low power mode, the node may also wake up any valid data packets received in the current network and enter the active mode directly.
Preferably, the standard communication data packet sent by the node wakes up the node in the low power mode.
Optionally, the node simultaneously transmits the connectible broadcast to the outside during the listening phase in the low power mode.
Optionally, the nodes simultaneously transmit connectable broadcast to the outside in idle mode.
Alternatively, the duration of time between the node from the awake mode to the active mode may be set by software.
Alternatively, the duration between the node switching from idle mode to low power mode may be set by software.
In summary, the invention provides a network sleep and wake-up mechanism based on the standard communication mode of the Bluetooth Mesh network, which is suitable for applications with less frequent communication tasks, more equipment nodes, large coverage area and low power consumption requirements. In addition, the low-power consumption awakening mechanism is simple and convenient to realize, does not need to design a complex synchronization mechanism, can be completely compatible with the Bluetooth standard Mesh network, and effectively expands the application range of the Bluetooth standard Mesh network.
As used in this application and in the claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not specific to the singular, but may include the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that the steps and elements are explicitly identified, and they do not constitute an exclusive list, as other steps or elements may be included in a method or apparatus.
This application uses specific words to describe embodiments of the application. Reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is associated with at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, it should be emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various positions in this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the present application may be combined as suitable.
Likewise, it should be noted that in order to simplify the presentation disclosed herein and thereby aid in understanding one or more inventive embodiments, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. This method of disclosure, however, is not intended to imply that more features than are presented in the claims are required for the subject application.
The terms and expressions which have been employed herein are used as terms of description and not of limitation. The use of these terms and expressions is not meant to exclude any equivalents of the features shown and described (or portions thereof), and it is recognized that various modifications are possible and are intended to be included within the scope of the claims. Other modifications, variations, and alternatives are also possible. Accordingly, the claims should be looked to in order to cover all such equivalents.
Also, it should be noted that while the present invention has been described with reference to the particular embodiments presently, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are provided for illustration only and that various equivalent changes or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore, the changes and modifications to the above embodiments shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present application as long as they are within the true spirit of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method for implementing a bluetooth low energy Mesh network, wherein the network comprises a plurality of nodes, the method comprising:
the sleep state and the wake-up mechanism are added on the basis of the Bluetooth Mesh network standard;
the network has the sleep state and the active state, the network is in the sleep state at ordinary times, wakes up firstly when data communication is needed, then enters the active state, adopts a Bluetooth Mesh network standard mode to communicate in the active state, and returns to the sleep state again after the communication is completed;
wherein all nodes within the network have four modes of operation: a low power mode, an awake mode, an idle mode, and an active mode; in the low power consumption mode, the node enters dormancy for most of the time, and monitors wake-up messages for a small part of the time; in the wake-up mode, the node continuously broadcasts a wake-up message to the outside; in the idle mode, the node monitors network messages; in the active mode, the node receives and transmits communication messages;
the conversion modes among the four working modes of the node are as follows: when the communication message is required to be actively sent or the wake-up message is monitored, the communication device automatically enters the wake-up mode when the communication device is in the low power consumption mode at ordinary times; maintaining the wake-up mode for a period of time, and automatically entering the idle mode; if the communication message needs to be received and transmitted in the idle mode, entering the active mode; the node transmits and receives the communication message in the active mode, and returns to the idle mode after completing transmitting and receiving; the idle mode is maintained for a period of time, and the communication message is still not received, so that the low-power consumption mode is automatically entered;
wherein, the network is in the low power consumption mode under the sleeping state;
wherein the wake-up mechanism of the network is: and a node firstly enters the awakening mode to awaken adjacent nodes, and also enters the awakening mode after the adjacent nodes are awakened, so that more surrounding nodes are further awakened until all the nodes are awakened.
2. The method for implementing a bluetooth low energy Mesh network according to claim 1, wherein the time of the two phases of dormancy and listening of the node in the low power mode is configurable by software.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the node turns off the wireless transceiver of the node during a sleep phase and turns on the wireless transceiver during a listening phase in the low power mode.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the node turns off a receiving module of a wireless transceiver of the node and turns on only a transmitting module in the wake-up mode.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the wake-up message sent by the node in the wake-up mode is encrypted using a current network key.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the node in the low power mode may wake up any valid data packet received in the current network and directly enter the active mode.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the standard communication data packet sent by the node wakes up the node in the low power consumption mode.
8. The method for implementing a bluetooth low energy Mesh network according to claim 1, wherein the node is in a listening phase in the low power mode and simultaneously sends connectable broadcast to the outside.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the node sends a connectible broadcast to the outside while in the idle mode.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein a duration of time between the node from the awake mode to the active mode is set by software.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein a duration between switching of the node from the idle mode to the low power mode is set by software.
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