CN111131785A - MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow - Google Patents
MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow Download PDFInfo
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- CN111131785A CN111131785A CN201911393467.6A CN201911393467A CN111131785A CN 111131785 A CN111131785 A CN 111131785A CN 201911393467 A CN201911393467 A CN 201911393467A CN 111131785 A CN111131785 A CN 111131785A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/242—Synchronization processes, e.g. processing of PCR [Program Clock References]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
- H04N21/64322—IP
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
- H04N21/6437—Real-time Transport Protocol [RTP]
Abstract
The invention discloses an MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow, belonging to the technical field of video transmission and comprising: the server side is used for sending videos; a client for receiving video; and a data transmission network for transmitting the MPEG-4 video from the server side to the client side; MPEG-4 video transmission is accomplished by two communication planes; the server side and the client side are both of a DirectShow frame structure; the first communication plane is a multimedia data user plane for transmitting video streams and is responsible for transmitting multimedia data information of users; the second communication plane is a control plane for establishing and releasing session connection and transmitting signaling, and completes the transfer of corresponding control messages. By adopting the technical scheme, the invention adopts the DirectShow development technology to realize the point-to-point video real-time acquisition, online coding, network transmission, decoding and video real-time transmission of playing of the network PC.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of video transmission, and particularly relates to an MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow.
Background
As is well known, streaming media refers to a media format that is played back over the Internet by streaming. Streaming media is also called streaming media, which means that a merchant sends programs as data packets to a network by using a video transmission server. After the user decompresses the data through the decompression device, the program is displayed as before transmission. The advent of Streaming Media has greatly facilitated people's work and life. Streaming media, also called streaming media, is a media that is broadcast while being transmitted, and is a kind of multimedia. Broadcast-while-propagation refers to the "same time" that a media provider transmits media over a network, while a user is constantly receiving and viewing or listening to the transmitted media. "streaming" of "streaming" media refers to the manner in which such media is transported (streamed), and not to the media itself.
At present, real-time transmission of MPEG-4 video and audio streams on the Internet has become a hotspot of streaming media research, with the rapid development of the Internet and multimedia, streaming media services have been developed rapidly, and real-time transmission of network video has become one of hotspots of network applications. The MPEG-4 standard has been a major format and standard for current and next generation network multimedia transmission with its high compression rate, high quality and low transmission rate, and has received wide attention from academia to industry. The current transport application for MPEG-4 is still in the beginning. The companies such as RealNetWorks, Microsoft, Apple, Cisco and the like all view the MPEG-4 real-time transmission technology, consider that the technology has great significance and can generate good social and economic benefits, and invest in research and development of MPEG-4 streaming transmission application in a huge capital angle.
The streaming media service has the characteristics of large bandwidth and strong continuity, and considers that data packets which do not arrive on time are lost. Thus, it requires lower delay and less packet loss rate when video is transmitted in real time over the network. However, the Internet based on IPv4 allows a large number of nodes to access, and because users compete for bandwidth at any time, when the required bandwidth is higher than the actual connection capacity, network congestion occurs, resulting in transmission errors such as data packet loss. And the MPEG-4 standard is based on object coding, data processing relates to different layers, the types of lost packets are different, and the generated influence is different. Therefore, how to construct an effective low-bit-rate video real-time transmission system is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow for solving the technical problems in the prior art, the MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow carries out coding and decoding according to the MPEG-4 standard, and the DirectShow development technology is adopted to realize the point-to-point real-time video acquisition, online coding, network transmission, decoding and playing of network PC.
A DirectShow-based MPEG-4 video transmission system, comprising at least:
the server side is used for sending videos;
a client for receiving video;
and a data transmission network for transmitting the MPEG-4 video from the server side to the client side;
MPEG-4 video transmission is accomplished by two communication planes; wherein:
the server side and the client side are both of a DirectShow frame structure;
the first communication plane is a multimedia data user plane for transmitting video streams and is responsible for transmitting multimedia data information of users;
the second communication plane is a control plane for establishing and releasing session connection and transmitting signaling, and completes the transfer of corresponding control messages.
Further, the server comprises a compression module for compressing the video data information and packaging and compounding the video data information into data packets suitable for network transmission.
Further, the client comprises a decompression module and a display module.
Furthermore, at the sending end, the compression layer compresses the visual information and generates an elementary stream, wherein the elementary stream comprises the code of the video object VO; the elementary streams are packed in a sync layer into a sync layer data stream, which provides time and sync information, as well as segmentation and arbitrary access information; the synchronous layer information is multiplexed in the transmission multiplexing layer, the synchronous layer data stream is changed into a FlexMux data stream, the FlexMux data stream is transmitted to a protocol stack consisting of RTP, UDP and IP, and finally the generated IP packet is transmitted on the network.
Further, the client comprises a video acquisition module, and the video acquisition, data compression and transmission are controlled by the Filter Graph Manager.
Furthermore, at the transmitting end, after the original data stream is collected, MPEG-4 encoding is carried out, then synchronization processing is carried out at a synchronization layer, RTP/UDP/IP packaging is carried out, and finally the data stream enters a network to be transmitted.
Furthermore, at the receiving end, the data packet successfully transmitted to the destination end firstly passes through an RTP/UDP/IP layer in a reverse order and then enters an MPEG-4 decoder for decoding; the QoS monitor at the receiving end judges the network blocking state according to the situation of the arrived data packet, the information is fed back to the sending end through a feedback control protocol, and the sending end estimates the available bandwidth and controls the output rate of the MPEG-4 encoder according to the information.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention adopts the DirectShow development technology to realize the point-to-point video real-time acquisition, online coding, network transmission, decoding and video real-time transmission of playing of the network PC. And analyzing the network broadband congestion control and real-time transmission control according to MPEG-4 to prevent data blockage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission architecture diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of data processing in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of the local logic in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
MPEG techniques:
the MPEG (moving Picture Experts group) organization introduced the MPEG-4 standard in 1999, which is mainly directed to network multimedia applications, and its main features are ① object-based compression standards, ② interoperability, ③ wide-range adaptability of bitrate (5 k-10M bit/s), MPEG-4 emphasizes the low-bitrate (5-64 kb/s) coding standard.
MPEG-4 compresses and transmits data by a frame reconstruction technique in an attempt to obtain the best image quality with the least data. The introduction of AVO (Audio/Visual Object) to represent Audio/video content allows the composite AVO to generate an AV scene, and treats the scene as the synthesis of objects (such as shape, motion, texture, etc.), and can also encode each Object separately according to the system requirements.
Before MPEG-4 video data is transmitted over a network, the media object data is streamed and converted into one or more elementary streams. The composition of the data sources, streaming processing, and streaming information recovery to the terminal are performed in a hierarchical manner.
DirectShow technique:
the DirectX development kit is a framework interface provided by Microsoft to develop high-performance graphics, audio and video and network games on a Windows platform, and can extract the related performance of equipment (namely 'hardware equipment independence') by using the DirectX in a method independent of the equipment, and the high performance of the hardware can be utilized without paying attention to the specific details of the hardware in the development process. DirectShow is one of the members in DirectX.
The most important concept in the DirectShow technology is the Filter, and usually a Filter only performs a single function. The Filter is a COM component and is composed of one or more pins, and the filters are connected through the pins to form a sequential link. Filters are broadly classified into three categories by function: SourceFilters, TransFilters, and RenderFilters. According to a push mode, SourceFilters mainly take charge of data acquisition with an output Pin, and a data source can be a file or data acquired by an acquisition card and then the data is downloaded; TransFilters contains two pins for data format conversion, and then continues to download data; the render filters comprise an input Pin which is responsible for transmitting data to a display card and a sound card for multimedia presentation or outputting the data to a file for storage.
In order to complete certain functions, one application framework needs to be connected with a plurality of different filters, the management of the filters is completed by a Filter Graph, a set formed by connecting the plurality of filters is the Filter Graph, multimedia data streams sequentially flow through the corresponding filters, and each Filter completes the respective function. And the Filter Graph performs unified control on the data flow.
Referring to fig. 1, an MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow includes:
the server side is used for sending videos;
a client for receiving video;
and a data transmission network for transmitting the MPEG-4 video from the server side to the client side;
MPEG-4 video transmission is accomplished by two communication planes; wherein:
the server side and the client side are both of a DirectShow frame structure;
the first communication plane is a multimedia data user plane for transmitting video streams and is responsible for transmitting multimedia data information of users;
the second communication plane is a control plane for establishing and releasing session connection and transmitting signaling, and completes the transfer of corresponding control messages.
Preferably, the server side comprises a compression module for compressing the video data information and packaging and compounding the video data information into data packets suitable for network transmission.
The client comprises a decompression module and a display module.
The compressed video data information is packaged and compounded into a data stream packet suitable for network transmission, and then the data stream packet is sent to a receiving party through a network interface; and the receiver unpacks, decompresses and displays the data. MPEG-4 video transmission is accomplished by two communication planes, one is the multimedia data user plane (user plane) for transmitting video stream, which is responsible for the transmission of user multimedia data information; the other is to establish and cancel a session connection and a control plane (control plane) for signaling, and complete the transfer of a corresponding control message. The control information and the user data are transmitted in different channels, and the user plane and the data plane can use different protocols. The video transmission framework for user plane data is shown in fig. 1 (which includes storage of video files).
Data format
The flow of data flow and the data format of processing are shown in fig. 2. The right side of the arrow in the figure is the data processing step in the end system, and the left side of the arrow is the data packaging format when the data processing is performed in each layer. In the design of the system, the real-time transport protocol RTP (real-time protocol) is adopted for carrying out the processing of MPEG-4 video data such as synchronization, packaging and the like, and then the video data is encapsulated into UDP and then IP transmission is carried out.
At a sending end, a compression layer compresses visual information and generates an elementary stream ES, wherein the elementary stream contains the code of a video object VO; the elementary streams are packetized into sync layer data streams at the sync layer SL, which provide time and sync information, as well as segmentation and arbitrary access information; the synchronous layer information is multiplexed in a transmission multiplexing layer TransMux, the synchronous layer data stream is changed into a FlexMux data stream, the FlexMux data stream is transmitted to a protocol stack consisting of RTP, UDP and IP, and finally the generated IP packet is transmitted on the network. At the receiving end, the video data stream needs to be processed in reverse order before being displayed.
The system is designed by adopting a C/S model, an application program controls a video acquisition module, a data compression module and a transmission module through a Filter Graph Manager, unified management is carried out through the application program, and communication of corresponding data interfaces is completed.
By using a DirectShow integration framework, at a sending end, after the original data stream is collected, MPEG-4 coding is carried out, then synchronous processing is carried out at a synchronous layer, and (RTP) UDP/IP packaging is carried out, and finally the data stream enters a network for sending. For the video to be transmitted, the transmission bit rate can be dynamically adjusted according to the RTCP feedback control protocol.
In network transmission, data packets may be dropped at the router/gateway due to network congestion or dropped at the destination due to exceeding the delay time. At the receiving end, the data packets successfully transmitted to the destination end first pass through the (RTP) UDP/IP layer in reverse order and then enter the MPEG-4 decoder for decoding. The QoS monitor at the receiving end judges the network blocking state according to the situation of the arrived data packet (such as data packet loss and delay), the information is fed back to the sending end through a feedback control protocol, and the sending end estimates the available bandwidth and controls the output rate of the MPEG-4 encoder according to the information. The logic diagram of the system is shown in fig. 3.
The TCH mpeg-4 Remote Sender is a video transmission Filter designed for transmission in the system. The acquisition module works at a system level, is supported by a device driver, acquires original video data through acquisition output pins, and automatically adds Smart Tee to provide two output pins, namely Preview for local browsing and video capture when a Filter of the video acquisition device does not have a Preview Pin output interface. And the video captured by the capturing device enters an MPEG-4 encoder through the Capture Pin for compression encoding, and the encoded video data is sent to a transmission system of the system for packaging transmission.
The coding and decoding in the system are carried out by adopting MPEG-4Fast-Motion of DivX.
TCH MEPG-4Remote Receiver is the Filter of the video receiving end in the system. At a receiving end, a receiving module is responsible for receiving network data, detecting the transmission quality of video data, counting information such as lost packets, feeding back service quality information, and sending information commands such as error concealment to an error control module according to a trigger condition. The decoder decodes and restores the video data. The video display is displayed according to the negotiation format between the clients, and the video display can be adjusted in size under the condition that the terminal equipment condition allows.
In the sending and receiving components, media type negotiation of MPEG-4 needs to be performed.
The preferred embodiment described above preferably employs the RTP transport protocol and uses an RTP payload format and packing algorithm suitable for MPEG-4 video transport. The system carries out point-to-point real-time transmission test in a local area network, a USB camera is adopted for image acquisition, 24-bit true color is adopted, the transmission rate after coding is 300Kbps on average, and the decompressed image can achieve good image quality. The frame loss rate is about 2%; the same frame of image is captured and revisited from a receiving end, the delay time is 150ms, and the real-time performance of the system can be guaranteed; and the system has good expansibility. The system is applied to a streaming media development platform of an author, and has stable operation and good performance.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to carry out the same, and the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments, i.e. the equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow; at least comprises the following steps:
the server side is used for sending videos;
a client for receiving video;
and a data transmission network for transmitting the MPEG-4 video from the server side to the client side;
the method is characterized in that: MPEG-4 video transmission is accomplished by two communication planes; wherein:
the server side and the client side are both of a DirectShow frame structure;
the first communication plane is a multimedia data user plane for transmitting video streams and is responsible for transmitting multimedia data information of users;
the second communication plane is a control plane for establishing and releasing session connection and transmitting signaling, and completes the transfer of corresponding control messages.
2. The MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow of claim 1, wherein the server side comprises a compression module for compressing video data information and packaging and compositing the video data information into data packets suitable for network transmission.
3. The DirectShow-based MPEG-4 video transmission system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the client comprises a decompression module and a display module.
4. The MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow of claim 3, wherein at the transmitting end, the compression layer compresses the visual information and generates an elementary stream, and the elementary stream includes the coding of the video object VO; the elementary streams are packed in a sync layer into a sync layer data stream, which provides time and sync information, as well as segmentation and arbitrary access information; the synchronous layer information is multiplexed in the transmission multiplexing layer, the synchronous layer data stream is changed into a FlexMux data stream, the FlexMux data stream is transmitted to a protocol stack consisting of RTP, UDP and IP, and finally the generated IP packet is transmitted on the network.
5. The DirectShow-based MPEG-4 video transmission system of claim 4, wherein said client comprises a video capture module, controlling video capture, data compression and transmission by a Filter Graph Manager.
6. The MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow as claimed in claim 5, wherein at the transmitting end, the original data stream is MPEG-4 encoded after being collected, then is synchronized at the synchronization layer, then is RTP/UDP/IP packetized, and finally enters the network for transmission.
7. The MPEG-4 video transmission system based on DirectShow of claim 6, wherein at the receiving end, the data packets successfully transmitted to the destination end first pass through the RTP/UDP/IP layer in reverse order and then enter the MPEG-4 decoder for decoding; the QoS monitor at the receiving end judges the network blocking state according to the situation of the arrived data packet, the information is fed back to the sending end through a feedback control protocol, and the sending end estimates the available bandwidth and controls the output rate of the MPEG-4 encoder according to the information.
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