CN111117575A - Modification method of phase change energy storage material - Google Patents
Modification method of phase change energy storage material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111117575A CN111117575A CN201911426158.4A CN201911426158A CN111117575A CN 111117575 A CN111117575 A CN 111117575A CN 201911426158 A CN201911426158 A CN 201911426158A CN 111117575 A CN111117575 A CN 111117575A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modification method of a phase change energy storage material, which comprises the following steps of; preparing a framework material: carrying out ceramic toughening on the framework material: and carrying out catalytic growth on the carbon nano tube and graphene on the framework material: carrying out high-temperature treatment on the framework material: packaging the framework material and filling the phase-change material in a circulating manner; the phase-change material system generated by the invention has low density, and the density of the system can be controlled to be less than 0.9g/cm3Within the range, the thermal conductivity of the modified phase change energy storage material system reaches 40W/(m.K) -120W/(m.K), the energy storage efficiency of the phase change material is improved, and the density, the strength and the thermal conductivity of the modified material are controlled by changing the process, so that the thermal conductivity and the density of the phase change system are adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal control materials, in particular to a modification method of a phase change energy storage material.
Background
With the continuous development of aerospace technology, electronic equipment in aerospace vehicles needs to work under specific temperature conditions to meet use conditions. The satellite platform, the hypersonic aircraft platform and the missile weapon platform are different from other field platforms such as the ground and the aviation, the heat dissipation path of electronic equipment in the cabin is very limited, the conventional modes such as natural convection, forced air cooling or liquid cooling can not be adopted for heat dissipation, and some traditional heat dissipation schemes are difficult to meet the application requirements.
The phase change heat storage is to store or release energy by utilizing a solid-liquid phase change process of a Phase Change Material (PCM), and the phase change process is isothermal or approximately isothermal. Although phase change materials have many advantages, the equivalent thermal conductivity coefficient is relatively small, generally lower than 0.5W/(m.K), which is a great technical obstacle restricting the application of the phase change materials, the method for modifying the high thermal conductivity filler on the paraffin material generally leads to the weight increase of the whole energy storage system because the metal generally has higher density, and the metal particles are easy to settle in the melted phase change materials due to the action of gravity, and the adverse results of abrasion, blockage and the like of heat exchange equipment are easy to cause in practical application, thereby greatly limiting the application of the phase change materials in industry.
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have finally obtained the present invention through a long period of research and practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the method for modifying the phase change energy storage material comprises the following steps;
s1, preparing a framework material:
s2, ceramic toughening is carried out on the framework material:
s3, carrying out catalytic growth on the carbon nanotube and the graphene:
s4, carrying out high-temperature treatment on the framework material:
and S5, packaging the framework material and filling the phase change material in a circulating mode.
Preferably, in step S1, the micron-sized high thermal conductivity carbon fibers are uniformly dispersed in the mesophase pitch, and then are subjected to foam molding and carbonization to form the framework material.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the micron-level high thermal conductivity carbon fiber in the framework material is 3% to 6%.
Preferably, the pressure in the foaming process is 4MPa to 8 MPa.
Preferably, in step S2, the framework material is deposited with a silicon carbide ceramic material in a chemical vapor deposition apparatus to toughen the framework material;
preferably, in step S3, lanthanide rare earth particles and/or copper particles are added to the framework material, and the carbon nanotubes and the graphene are grown by chemical vapor deposition catalysis.
Preferably, in the step S4, the framework material is subjected to a high temperature treatment, and the treatment temperature is set to 2600 ℃ to 3000 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S5, the framework material is packaged into the phase change system metal box, the phase change material is filled into the phase change system metal box through the interface on the phase change system metal box, and the phase change material is repeatedly circulated, so that the phase change material is fully infiltrated with the framework material, and the in-situ grown carbon nanotubes and graphene are uniformly dispersed in the phase change material, thereby finally obtaining the phase change energy storage material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the phase-change material system generated by the invention has low density, and the density of the system can be controlled to be less than 0.9g/cm3Within the range, the single phase change material has low thermal conductivity (such as the thermal conductivity of a paraffin material is only 0.5W/(m.K)), and the thermal conductivity of the modified phase change energy storage material system reaches 40W/(m.K) -120W/(m.K), so that the method improves the energy storage efficiency of the phase change material, and controls the density, the strength and the thermal conductivity of the modified material by changing the process, thereby adjusting the phase change materialThe thermal conductivity and density of the system are changed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a modification method of the phase change energy storage material;
Detailed Description
The above and further features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for modifying the phase change energy storage material; the modification method of the phase change energy storage material comprises the following steps;
s1, preparing a framework material:
and uniformly dispersing the micron-level high-thermal-conductivity carbon fibers in the mesophase pitch, and then carrying out foaming molding and carbonization to form the framework material. The mass fraction of the micron-level high-thermal-conductivity carbon fibers in the framework material is about 3-6%, and the pressure in the foaming process is 4-8 MPa;
s2, ceramic toughening is carried out on the framework material:
depositing SiC (silicon carbide) ceramic material in CVD (chemical vapor deposition) equipment by using the framework material, and toughening the ceramic material;
s3, performing catalytic growth of CNTs (carbon nanotubes) and graphene on the framework material:
adding a small amount of lanthanide rare earth particles and/or copper particles into the framework material, and growing CNTs and graphene by CVD catalysis;
s4, carrying out high-temperature treatment on the framework material:
carrying out high-temperature treatment on the whole framework material at the treatment temperature of 2600-3000 ℃;
s5, packaging the framework material and filling the phase change material in a circulating mode:
the framework material is packaged in the phase change system metal box body, the phase change material is filled into the phase change system metal box body through the interface, and repeated circulation is carried out, so that the phase change material is fully soaked with the framework material, and CNTs and graphene which grow in situ can be uniformly dispersed in the phase change material, and finally the phase change energy storage material produced by the method is obtained.
The modification method of the phase change energy storage material takes a modified mesophase pitch-based foamy carbon material (the modification mode is high-heat-conduction micron-sized carbon fiber + surface Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) SiC + surface catalytic growth Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) and graphene) as a macroscopic framework, the macroscopic framework is directly placed inside a metal shell of a phase change system, and the density of the macroscopic framework is about 0.6g/cm3The volume occupancy rate in the phase change system is about 20%, and the mesophase pitch-based carbon foam material has a low density and a relatively high specific heat conductivity, and its porous property facilitates the flow of the phase change material (paraffin wax and the like). But the strength of the material is poor, and the material framework can be strengthened by CVD SiC; and the phase-change material is modified by the high-heat-conductivity filler on a microscopic scale, so that the agglomeration phenomenon of the filler in the phase-change material is avoided, a small amount of catalyst lanthanide rare earth and metal copper particles are added into the framework, and hybrid CNTs and graphene are catalytically grown on the surface of SiC in the CVD carbon process, so that the CNTs and graphene on the surface of SiC are uniformly dispersed into the phase-change material in the flowing process of filling the framework of the phase-change material.
The phase-change material system generated by the invention has low density, and the density of the system can be controlled to be less than 0.9g/cm3Within the range, the single phase change material has low thermal conductivity (such as the thermal conductivity of a paraffin material is only 0.5W/(m.K)), and the thermal conductivity of the modified phase change energy storage material system reaches 40W/(m.K) -120W/(m.K).
Example two
The length of the cavity inside the metal box body of the phase change system is 80mm, the width of the cavity is 60mm, the thickness of the cavity is 20mm, and the density of the adopted paraffin phase change material is about 0.9g/cm in the process of modifying the paraffin phase change material3。
S1, firstly preparing the framework material, carrying out a foaming process flow of high thermal conductivity carbon fiber with the mass content of 3% and mesophase pitch with the mass content of 97% under the pressure of 4MPa and at the temperature of 450 ℃,the carbonization process flow at 900 ℃ prepares the product with the density of 0.31g/cm3The framework material of (1). The skeletal material was processed to a near net size state of 85mmX65mmX25 mm.
S2, placing the framework material in a special CVD (chemical vapor deposition) device to deposit a SiC material, toughening the framework material by ceramics, wherein the process time is about 6h, and the density of the framework material is increased to 0.36g/cm3。
S3, adding a small amount of lanthanide rare earth particles into the framework material, and placing the framework material in a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) device for catalytic deposition of CNTs (carbon nanotubes), wherein the deposition time is about 6 h.
S4, placing the framework material into a graphitization device for high-temperature treatment at 2700 ℃, wherein the treatment time is about 12 h. The thermal conductivity of the finally obtained material is about 54W/(m.K)
S5, packaging and circularly filling the phase change material: the framework material is packaged into a phase change system metal box body after being processed and molded, paraffin phase change material is filled into the phase change system metal box body through an interface, and multiple cycles are carried out.
EXAMPLE III
The length of the cavity inside the metal box body of the phase change system is 140mm, the width of the cavity is 100mm, the thickness of the cavity is 30mm, and the density of the adopted paraffin phase change material is about 0.9g/cm in the process of modifying the paraffin phase change material3。
S1, preparing the framework material, 5% of high thermal conductivity carbon fiber and 95% of mesophase pitch by mass, and preparing the high thermal conductivity carbon fiber and the mesophase pitch with the density of 0.46g/cm through a foaming process flow at 450 ℃ and a carbonization process flow at 900 ℃ under 6MPa3The framework material of (1). Processing the framework material into a near net size state.
S2, depositing SiC material in special CVD equipment, toughening the framework material with ceramic for about 6h, and increasing the density of the framework material to 0.53g/cm3。
And S3, adding a small amount of copper metal particles into the framework material, and placing the framework material in a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) device for catalytic deposition of CNTs, wherein the deposition time is about 6 h.
S4, placing the framework material in a graphitization device for high-temperature treatment at 2800 ℃, wherein the treatment time is about 12 h. The thermal conductivity of the finally obtained material is about 72W/(m.K).
S5, packaging and circularly filling the phase change material: and the framework material is packaged into the phase change system metal box body after being processed and molded, paraffin phase change material is filled into the phase change system metal box body through an interface, and multiple cycles are carried out.
Example four
The length of the cavity inside the metal box body of the phase change system is 180mm, the width of the cavity is 80mm, the thickness of the cavity is 40mm, and the density of the adopted paraffin phase change material is about 0.9g/cm in the process of modifying the paraffin phase change material3。
S1, preparing the framework material, namely preparing the high-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber with the mass content of 6% and the mesophase pitch with the mass content of 94% through a foaming process flow with the pressure of 8MPa and the temperature of 450 ℃ and a carbonization process flow with the temperature of 900 ℃ to prepare the high-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber with the density of 0.58g/cm3The framework material of (1). Processing the framework material into a near net size state.
S2, depositing SiC material in special CVD equipment, toughening the skeleton material with ceramic for 5h, increasing the density of the skeleton material to 0.64g/cm3。
And S3, adding a small amount of lanthanide rare earth particles and copper particles into the framework material, and placing the framework material in a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) device for catalytic deposition of CNTs, wherein the deposition time is about 6 h.
S4, placing the framework material in a graphitization device for high-temperature treatment at 2900 ℃, wherein the treatment time is about 12 h. The material thermal conductivity is finally about 95W (m · K).
S5, packaging and circularly filling the phase change material: and the framework material is packaged into the phase change system metal box body after being processed and molded, paraffin phase change material is filled into the phase change system metal box body through an interface, and multiple cycles are carried out.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A modification method of a phase change energy storage material is characterized by comprising the following steps;
s1, preparing a framework material:
s2, ceramic toughening is carried out on the framework material:
s3, carrying out catalytic growth on the carbon nanotube and the graphene:
s4, carrying out high-temperature treatment on the framework material:
and S5, packaging the framework material and filling the phase change material in a circulating mode.
2. The method for modifying a phase change energy storage material according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the micron-sized high thermal conductivity carbon fibers are uniformly dispersed in the mesophase pitch, and then are subjected to foam molding and carbonization to form the skeleton material.
3. The method for modifying a phase change energy storage material according to claim 2, wherein the mass fraction of the micron-sized highly thermally conductive carbon fibers in the framework material is 3% to 6%.
4. The method for modifying a phase change energy storage material according to claim 2, wherein the pressure in the foaming process is 4 to 8 MPa.
5. The method for modifying a phase change energy storage material according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, the skeleton material is deposited with a silicon carbide ceramic material in a chemical vapor deposition apparatus to toughen the skeleton material with ceramic.
6. The method for modifying a phase-change energy storage material according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, lanthanide rare earth particles and/or copper particles are added into the framework material, and the carbon nanotubes and the graphene are grown by chemical vapor deposition catalysis.
7. The method for modifying a phase change energy storage material according to claim 6, wherein in the step S4, the framework material is subjected to a high temperature treatment, and the treatment temperature is set to 2600 ℃ to 3000 ℃.
8. The method for modifying a phase-change energy storage material according to claim 7, wherein in the step S5, the framework material is packaged into a phase-change system metal box, the phase-change material is filled into the phase-change system metal box through an interface on the phase-change system metal box, and the process is repeated, so that the phase-change material is sufficiently soaked in the framework material, and the in-situ grown carbon nanotubes and graphene are uniformly dispersed in the phase-change material, thereby obtaining the phase-change energy storage material.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112351650A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Design method of missile-borne transient thermal control electronic module composite phase change cold plate |
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| CN104876580A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-09-02 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Preparation method for light and high thermal conductivity carbon-based material |
| CN106497522A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-15 | 中南大学 | A kind of foam diamond strengthens paraffin wax phase change energy storage material and preparation method |
| CN109054766A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-21 | 福州大学 | A kind of preparation method of Carbon foam composite phase-change energy storage material |
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Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5804297A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1998-09-08 | Colvin; David P. | Thermal insulating coating employing microencapsulated phase change material and method |
| CN103058171A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-04-24 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Preparation method of filled high-heat-conduction foamy carbon material for energy storage |
| CN103131395A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-05 | 北京大学 | Paraffin-graphite foam composite shape-stabilized phase change material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104876580A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-09-02 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Preparation method for light and high thermal conductivity carbon-based material |
| CN106497522A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-15 | 中南大学 | A kind of foam diamond strengthens paraffin wax phase change energy storage material and preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112351650A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Design method of missile-borne transient thermal control electronic module composite phase change cold plate |
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