CN111106400B - Battery control method and battery management equipment - Google Patents
Battery control method and battery management equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111106400B CN111106400B CN201911378932.9A CN201911378932A CN111106400B CN 111106400 B CN111106400 B CN 111106400B CN 201911378932 A CN201911378932 A CN 201911378932A CN 111106400 B CN111106400 B CN 111106400B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a battery control method and battery management equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage; determining a charging mode applicable to the battery according to at least one of the battery parameters; controlling a full charge voltage and/or a full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of electronics, and relates to, but is not limited to, a battery control method and a battery management device.
Background
At present, the swelling problem and the capacity attenuation of the lithium ion battery are the main problems facing the application of the notebook battery, when the battery core expands, the battery core impedance increases the capacity of the battery core and sharply decreases, and after the swelling problem occurs, a system mechanism of the battery can be broken and damaged, so that potential safety hazards exist, and the user experience is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present application provide a battery control method and a battery management apparatus to solve at least one problem in the related art.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the application provides a battery control method, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage;
determining a charging mode applicable to the battery according to at least one of the battery parameters;
controlling a full charge voltage and/or a full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode.
An embodiment of the present application provides a battery control apparatus, including:
the detection module is used for monitoring the cycle number of the battery and the storage duration of the battery under specific voltage;
the determining module is used for determining a charging mode suitable for the battery according to the cycle number and the storage duration under the specific voltage;
and the control module is used for controlling the full-charge voltage and/or the full-charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode.
Embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and the computer-executable instructions are configured to perform the steps of the method provided by the above embodiments.
An embodiment of the present application provides a battery management apparatus, including: a memory storing a computer program operable on a processor and a processor implementing the steps of the method provided by the above embodiments when executing the program.
In the embodiment of the application, firstly, battery parameters of a rechargeable battery are monitored, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage duration of the battery under a specific voltage; secondly, determining a charging mode suitable for the battery according to at least one of the battery parameters; finally, controlling the full charge voltage and/or the full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode; like this, can realize setting for different charge mode according to different battery parameters, adjust the voltage and the capacity of battery and be in different charge mode, guarantee that voltage and capacity between the different charge mode carry out the smooth switch to avoided the battery to be in the charge mode of high voltage for a long time, and then solved the battery and ageing fast scheduling problem under the charge mode of high voltage, so be favorable to improving the life of battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6A is a graph showing the effect of charging voltage and service time on battery aging in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6B is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation flow of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6C is annotation content added to an implementation flow diagram of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6D is a diagram illustrating an implementation result of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6E is a diagram illustrating an implementation result of a battery control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present application is further elaborated below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
An embodiment of the present application provides a battery control method, and fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of the battery control method provided in the embodiment of the present application, where as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
step 101: monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise cycle times, battery capacity and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage;
here, the number of times of charging the rechargeable battery is generally limited, and the rechargeable battery is used as a rechargeable battery in cooperation with a charger. Common rechargeable batteries include 5 types of nickel cadmium, nickel hydride, lithium ion, lead storage, and lithium iron. These 5 types of rechargeable batteries have different rated voltages, discharge temperatures, charge temperatures, and service lives, and thus are applied to different scenes, respectively. For example, the rated voltage of a lithium ion battery is 3.6V; the service life is 500 times of recycling; the discharge temperature is-20 ℃ to 60 ℃; the charging temperature is 0 to 45 degrees celsius. However, the lithium ion battery is not resistant to overcharge, and if the lithium ion battery is overcharged, the temperature of the lithium ion battery is too high, so that the internal structure of the battery is damaged, the aging speed of the battery is accelerated, and the service life of the battery is shortened.
After the battery is fully charged once, the process of fully discharging is a cycle. The number of cycles may be the number of full charge and discharge cycles. The specific voltage is a voltage value higher than a rated voltage. For example, the rated voltage of the lithium ion battery is 3.6V, and the voltage value of 4.2V or more than 3.6V is high voltage. The storage period at the specific voltage is a charging period when the voltage is higher than a rated voltage.
The battery capacity may be the total amount of electricity that can be discharged after the battery is fully charged under certain conditions, such as a certain discharge rate, temperature, or terminal voltage. For example, when the capacity of the battery is 1AH (ampere hour), the amount of electricity discharged is 3600C (coulomb) for 1 hour.
In the implementation process, the cycle number of the battery, the capacity of the battery and the storage time of the battery under a specific voltage are all main factors influencing the aging failure and the swelling of the battery cell, and therefore, the factors need to be detected.
Step 102: determining a charging mode applicable to the battery according to at least one of the battery parameters;
here, the charging mode is a smooth multi-step charging mode defined according to the battery parameters in the present embodiment. For example, the charging mode of the current battery may be determined according to the interval to which the cycle count belongs, or the charging mode of the current battery may be determined according to the interval to which the high-voltage storage time period belongs.
Step 103: controlling a full charge voltage and/or a full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode;
the charging modes of the battery comprise at least two charging modes, and the full-charging voltage and/or the full-charging capacity corresponding to different charging modes are different. For example, the full charge voltage of the battery is different in different charging modes; the full charge capacity is different under different charge modes; the full charge voltage and the full charge capacity are different in different charging modes.
Here, the full charge voltage may be a voltage at which the battery is considered to be fully charged in the current charge mode, or a voltage at which charging is cut off (a charge voltage is not higher than the voltage). The full charge voltage is different for different charging modes. In the implementation process, the voltage and the capacity of the current battery when the battery is fully charged may be controlled according to the charging mode of the current battery, or the voltage or the capacity of the current battery when the battery is fully charged may be controlled. For example, when the charging mode of the battery is the first mode, the corresponding full charge capacity is 1AH, and the full charge voltage is 3.6V, then, when the current charging voltage is equal to 3.6V, the voltage reaches the full charge voltage, and the battery stops charging; or when the current charging capacity reaches 1AH, stopping charging the battery; besides, the charging of the battery may be stopped when the charging voltage of the battery reaches 3.6V and the capacity of the battery reaches 1 AH.
In the embodiment of the application, the charging mode corresponding to the battery parameter is determined by monitoring the parameter of the rechargeable battery, and the full charging voltage and the full charging capacity of the battery are controlled to be in the corresponding charging mode. Like this, can realize setting for different charge mode according to different battery parameters, adjust the voltage and the capacity of battery and be in different charge mode, guarantee that voltage and capacity between the different charge mode carry out the smooth switch to avoided the battery to be in the charge mode of high voltage for a long time, and then solved the battery and ageing fast scheduling problem under the charge mode of high voltage, so be favorable to improving the life of battery.
The embodiment of the application provides a battery control method, which comprises the following steps:
step 201: monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage;
step 202: determining a charging mode applicable to the battery according to at least one of the battery parameters;
step 203: controlling a full charge voltage and/or a full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode;
wherein the charging mode includes a first mode, a second mode, and a third mode, wherein:
a decrease value of the full charge voltage between the second mode and the first mode is smaller than a decrease value of the full charge voltage between the third mode and the first mode;
here, in terms of the full charge voltage, the full charge voltage of the first mode may be greater than that of the second mode. The reduction value of the full charge voltage between the second mode and the first mode is a value at which the full charge voltage in the second mode is reduced from the full charge voltage in the first mode, and the reduction value of the full charge voltage between the third mode and the first mode is a value at which the full charge voltage in the third mode is reduced from the full charge voltage in the first mode. The full charge voltages between the first mode, the second mode, and the third mode are distributed in a stepwise manner. For example, when the full charge voltage of the first mode is 4.2V or more, the full charge voltage of the second mode is 4.19V to 4.15V, and the full charge voltage of the third mode is 4.10V or less. At this time, the full charge voltage drop value between the second mode and the first mode is 0.01, and the full charge voltage drop value between the third mode and the first mode is 0.05.
A reduction value of the full charge capacity between the second mode and the first mode is smaller than a reduction value of the full charge capacity between the third mode and the first mode.
Here, the reduction value of the full charge capacity between the first mode, the second mode, and the third mode may be expressed in percentage of the rated capacity. The reduction value of the full charge capacity between the second mode and the first mode is a value at which the full charge capacity in the second mode is reduced from the full charge capacity in the first mode, and the reduction value of the full charge capacity between the third mode and the first mode is a value at which the full charge capacity in the third mode is reduced from the full charge capacity in the first mode. For example, the lithium ion battery has a rated capacity of 1000mAh, a full charge capacity of 100% of the rated capacity in the first mode, 99% to 95% of the full charge capacity in the second mode, and 90% of the full charge capacity in the third mode.
Here, there is a correspondence between the reduction value of the full charge voltage and the reduction value of the full charge capacity, for example, at each stage, the full charge voltage is reduced by 0.1, corresponding to a reduction of 10% in the full charge capacity.
In an embodiment of the present application, a charging mode of a battery includes a first mode, a second mode, and a third mode, and a decrease value of a full charge voltage between the second mode and the first mode is set to be smaller than a decrease value of a full charge voltage between the third mode and the first mode, and a decrease value of a full charge capacity between the second mode and the first mode is set to be smaller than a decrease value of a full charge capacity between the third mode and the first mode. Therefore, multi-mode switching of the charging mode can be achieved, the problem of bulging of the battery under abnormal use conditions (such as high temperature and high voltage) is solved, safety and service life of the battery under a high-temperature and high-capacity state are improved, and use experience of a user is improved.
The embodiment of the application provides a battery control method, which comprises the following steps:
step 301: monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage;
step 302: determining a charging mode applicable to the battery according to at least one of the battery parameters;
step 303: controlling a full charge voltage and/or a full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode;
the charging mode comprises a first mode, a second mode and a third mode, wherein the second mode comprises n stages, the reduction value of the full charging voltage between each two adjacent stages in the second mode is the same, and the reduction value of the full charging capacity between each two adjacent stages in the second mode is the same;
or, the full charge voltage of the j-th stage in the second mode is decreased by a specific voltage value compared with the full charge voltage of the j-1 th stage, and the full charge capacity of the j-th stage in the second mode is decreased by a specific battery capacity value compared with the full charge capacity of the j-1 th stage; wherein j is an integer of 2 or more and n or less.
Or, the full charge voltage of the p +1 th stage in the second mode is decreased by a specific voltage value compared with the full charge voltage of the p-th stage, and the full charge capacity of the p +1 th stage in the second mode is decreased by a specific battery capacity value compared with the full charge capacity of the j-th stage; wherein p is an integer of 1 or more and n-1 or less.
Here, the second mode including n levels means that the second mode is further divided into n charge sub-modes (also referred to as n levels in the embodiment of the present application). The full charge voltages of the n charge sub-modes may be arranged in n steps, and the full charge capacities of the n charge sub-modes may also be arranged in n steps.
Here, the specific voltage value is a voltage drop value calculated from the number n of stages in the second mode. j is 2 to n stages in the second mode, where n represents the total stage number in the second mode, and when j is equal to n, it is the stage with the lowest full charge voltage in the second mode, and it is also the last stage of the step-like conversion. For example, the voltage corresponding interval of the second mode of the lithium battery is 4.19V to 4.15V, and the second mode is divided into five stages, that is, n is 5, then the full charge voltage between each stage is different by 0.01V, for example, the charging mode of the lithium battery is changed from the first stage of the second mode to the second stage of the second mode, and the corresponding full charge voltage is changed from 4.19V to 4.18V; the second stage of the second mode is changed into the third stage of the second mode, and the corresponding full charge voltage is changed from 4.18V to 4.17V; the third stage of the second mode is changed into the fourth stage of the second mode, and the corresponding full charge voltage is changed from 4.17V to 4.16V; from the fourth stage of the second mode to the fifth stage of the second mode, the corresponding full charge voltage is changed from 4.16V to 4.15V. The specific battery capacity value is a percentage corresponding to the specific voltage value. For example, when the specific voltage value is 0.01, the specific battery capacity value is 1%.
In the embodiment of the present application, the second mode of the battery is divided into n stages, each stage representing a battery having a different full charge voltage and full charge capacity. Therefore, smooth multi-stage switching of the charging mode can be realized, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the cycle number of the battery is increased.
An embodiment of the present application provides a battery control method, and fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of the battery control method provided in the embodiment of the present application, where as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
step 401: monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage;
step 402: if the cycle number is less than 1 specific number and/or the storage time length under the specific voltage is less than 1 specific time length, determining that the charging mode suitable for the battery is a first mode;
here, the number of cycles is the number of times the rechargeable battery is fully charged. The 1 st specific number is a specific value of the cycle count. In implementation, when the number of cycles is in the interval from 0 to 1 st specific number of times, it is determined that the current mode is in the first mode.
Here, the storage time period at the specific voltage is a high-voltage storage time period, and the calculation formula is: t0 Vm/Tm, where T0, T1 … Tn are preset constants, Vm is a voltage correction factor, Tm is a temperature correction factor, Tm is Max (1, 2 (Tcell-25)/10)), e.g., Vm is 0.8 for 4.4V cells at 4.3 to 4.35V and Vm is 1 for 4.35V to 4.4V. The higher the cell temperature Tcell is, the smaller the high-voltage storage time set value is, that is, the high-temperature and high-voltage state is switched to the low-voltage mode at an accelerated speed.
In an implementation, when the high-voltage storage period is 0< ═ Vhvt (high-voltage storage period) < T0 Vm/Tm, it is determined that the current mode is in the first mode. Or, when the cycle number is in the interval from 0 to the 1 st specific number, and the high-voltage storage time period is in the interval from 0< ═ Vhvt (high-voltage storage time period) < T0 Vm/Tm, it is determined that the current mode is in the first mode.
Step 403: in the first mode, the full charge voltage of the battery is controlled to be the rated voltage required by the battery at the initial time, and/or the full charge capacity of the battery is controlled to be the rated capacity of the battery at the initial time.
Here, the rated voltage generally refers to an optimum voltage when the electronic device normally operates for a long time, and is also referred to as a nominal voltage. The rated capacity is a capacity at full charge specified at the time of shipment. The full charge capacity is the highest amount of charge to the battery in this mode. When the charge of the battery reaches the full charge capacity, the charging is stopped. For example, the rated voltage of the lithium ion battery is 3.6V, the rated capacity is 1.8Ah, the full charge voltage of the lithium ion battery in the first mode is controlled to be 3.6V, and the full charge capacity of the first mode is 1.8Ah 3600C.
An embodiment of the present application provides a battery control method, and fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of the battery control method provided in the embodiment of the present application, where as shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
step 501: monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage;
step 502: if the cycle number is greater than the ith specific number and less than the (i +1) th specific number, and/or the storage duration under the specific voltage is less than the (i +1) th specific duration, determining that the charging mode suitable for the battery is the ith level of the second mode; wherein i is an integer of 1 or more and n or less;
step 503: if i is equal to 1, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the rated voltage of the battery by a specific voltage reduction value and/or controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the rated capacity of the battery by a specific capacity reduction value in level 1 where the charging mode of the battery is the second mode;
for example, the rated voltage of the lithium ion battery is 3.6V, the rated capacity is 1.8Ah, and the second mode is set, and a specific voltage reduction value is set to 0.01V (that is, 0.01V is taken as a unit, and each time the voltage is reduced by one unit), the charging mode of the lithium ion battery is that the 1 st stage of the second mode is reduced by 0.01V from the full-charge voltage of the first mode, and since the full-charge voltage of the first mode is 3.6V at this time, that is, the 1 st stage of the second mode is reduced by 0.01V from the rated voltage of the first mode to 3.59V at this time. Alternatively, if the capacity reduction value per unit is set to 1%, since the full charge capacity of the first mode is set to the rated battery capacity of 1.8Ah, the 1 st stage of the second mode is reduced by 1% from the rated voltage of the first mode, and the 1 st stage of the second mode may be controlled to be reduced by 1% from the rated voltage of the first mode while the full charge voltage of the 1 st stage of the second mode is controlled to be reduced by 0.01V from the rated voltage of the first mode.
Step 504: and if i is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the full charge voltage of the i-1 th level by a specific voltage reduction value and/or controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the full charge capacity of the i-1 th level by a specific capacity reduction value under the condition that the charging mode of the battery is the i-th level of the second mode.
In implementation, when entering the 2 nd to nth stages of the second mode, the voltage reduction value of the full charge voltage of the ith stage and the (i-1) th stage of the second mode is the same as the full charge voltage reduction value of the 1 st stage of the first mode and the second mode. For example, when the full charge voltage drop value of the 1 st stage in the first mode and the second mode is 0.01V, a specific voltage drop value of the full charge voltage drop of the i-th stage and the i-1 st stage in the second mode is also 0.01V. Controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the full charge capacity of the i-1 th stage by a specific capacity lowering value, which is the same as the full charge capacity lowering value of the 1 st stage in the first and second modes. For example, if the full charge capacity reduction value of the 1 st stage in the first and second modes is 1%, the full charge capacity reduction value of the i-th stage and the i-1 st stage is also 1%.
An embodiment of the present application provides a battery control method, and fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of the battery control method provided in the embodiment of the present application, where as shown in fig. 4, the method includes:
step 601: monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage;
step 602: determining that a charging mode applicable to the battery is a third mode if the current capacity of the battery is less than a specific capacity value;
here, the specific capacity value is a preset full charge capacity floor line, and when the full charge capacity value is lower than this set floor line, the charging mode is changed to the third mode.
Step 603: when the charging mode of the battery is a third mode, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the full charge voltage of the ith level in the second mode by a specific second voltage reduction value, and/or controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the full charge capacity of the ith level in the second mode by a specific second capacity reduction value;
here, the second voltage reduction value is a product of the first voltage reduction value and the second pattern step number. For example, the second mode is divided into 5 steps, each step being reduced by 0.01V, the second voltage reduction is 0.01 x 5, which is 0.05V. Correspondingly, the second capacity reduction value is 5%.
Step 604: and determining the ith specific time length according to the storage time length, the voltage correction factor and the temperature correction factor of the ith stage at the specific voltage in the second mode.
For example, a preset bottom line of the full charge capacity is set to be 50% of the rated capacity, and when the current capacity of the battery is lower than the preset bottom line, the battery charging mode is switched to the third mode, so that the full charge voltage of the battery is reduced by 0.1V compared with the full charge voltage of the first mode, and the full charge capacity is reduced by 10% compared with the full charge capacity of the first mode.
In the embodiment of the present application, a specific capacity value of the battery capacity is set, and when the full charge capacity value is lower than the bottom line of this setting, the charge mode is determined as the third mode. And a voltage correction factor and a temperature correction factor are added taking into account the high voltage and high temperature conditions. Thus, the third mode can be used for charging when the full charge voltage and the full charge capacity change very little, and frequent switching of the battery charging mode when the change is very little is avoided. The multi-stage switching speed of the battery is improved, the safety in a high-temperature and high-capacity state is improved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the cycle number of the battery is increased.
An embodiment of the present application provides a battery control method, and fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an implementation of the battery control method provided in the embodiment of the present application, where as shown in fig. 5, the method includes:
step 701: monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage;
step 702: determining that a charging mode applicable to the battery is a third mode if the current capacity of the battery is less than a specific capacity value;
step 703: when the charging mode of the battery is a third mode, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the full charge voltage of the ith level in the second mode by a specific second voltage reduction value, and/or controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the full charge capacity of the ith level in the second mode by a specific second capacity reduction value;
step 704: determining the ith specific time length according to the storage time length, the voltage correction factor and the temperature correction factor of the ith level specific voltage in the second mode;
step 705: determining the ith specific time length according to Ti & ltvm/Tm & gt, wherein Ti is the preset storage time length under the specific voltage of the ith level, Vm is a voltage correction factor, Tm is a temperature correction factor, and 2^ (Tcell-25)/10, Tcell is the cell temperature when the battery operates;
here, the storage time period at the specific voltage is a high-voltage storage time period, and the calculation formula is: t0 Vm/Tm, where T0, T1 … Tn are preset constants, Vm is a voltage correction factor, Tm is a temperature correction factor, Tm is Max (1, 2 (Tcell-25)/10)), e.g., Vm is 0.8 for 4.4V cells at 4.3 to 4.35V and Vm is 1 for 4.35V to 4.4V. The higher the cell temperature Tcell is, the smaller the high-voltage storage time set value is, that is, the high-temperature and high-voltage state is switched to the low-voltage mode at an accelerated speed.
In an implementation, when the high-voltage storage period is 0< ═ Vhvt (high-voltage storage period) < T0 Vm/Tm, it is determined that the current mode is in the first mode. Or, when the cycle number is in the interval from 0 to the 1 st specific number, and the high-voltage storage time period is in the interval from 0< ═ Vhvt (high-voltage storage time period) < T0 Vm/Tm, it is determined that the current mode is in the first mode.
The main problem that faces in the battery application is that the swelling of the ion battery and the attenuation of the battery capacity, when the battery core swells, the impedance of the battery core increases, the capacity of the battery core sharply decreases, and after the swelling of the ion battery, a system mechanism of the battery can be broken and damaged, so that potential safety hazards exist, and the user experience is greatly influenced. Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of charging voltage and service time on battery aging in the embodiment of the present application; as shown in fig. 6A, the horizontal axis represents the number of days of measurement, and the vertical axis represents the capacity retention rate and the swelling. FIG. 3 shows the decrease of 50mV in FIG. 1 for 80 days, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the capacity retention of the battery is 85% or more at day 130 at 30 ℃ and FIG. 3 shows that the capacity retention of the battery is 90% or more at day 130 at 30 ℃ and that the capacity retention of the battery is 85% at 210 days and approximately 80% at 270 days. It can be seen that the charging voltage and the service time are factors that influence the decrease in the capacity retention ratio of the battery, i.e., factors that influence aging.
FIG. 4 shows the decrease of 50mV on FIG. 2, which is observed for 80 days. It can be seen from fig. 2 that the swelling rate of the battery is about 45% at day 165 at 40 ℃, from fig. 2, it can be seen that the swelling rate of the battery is about 40% at day 165 at 40 ℃, and from the curve at 30 ℃, it can be seen that the swelling rate of the battery is continuously increased with the number of days, and it can be seen that the charging voltage and the service life are the influence factors of the increase of the swelling rate of the battery, that is, the influence factors of aging.
In the embodiment of the application, 1) a running time mode and a life mode are defined: the run-time Mode is the initial Mode, and the life Mode (Lifespan Mode) is a Mode in which the protection Mode is divided into life Mode 1(Lifespan Mode 1(LS1)) and life Mode 2(Lifespan Mode 2(LS 2)). 2) The life Mode 1(Lifespan Mode 1(LS1)) performs multi-stage smooth Mode switching such as LS1-1, LS1-2, LS1-3, LS1-4, LS1-5 … according to the cell cycle number and the high voltage storage time, and the cell charging voltage is reduced by 0.01V in each stage of switching. 3) And calculating the high-voltage storage time length, adding a high-temperature acceleration factor, and correcting the temperature. And accelerating mode switching at higher temperature and controlling temperature influence factors. Here, the high temperature acceleration factor can take into account both the high temperature and high pressure factor and the cycle number factor and then determine the stage of the battery. 4) And judging whether to enter the Lifespan Mode 2(LS2) or not according to the actual attenuation condition of the cell capacity, entering the LS2, and reducing the cell charging voltage by 0.05V.
The embodiment of the application provides a battery control method, which comprises the following steps:
step A1: detecting the number of cycles and the high voltage storage time by using a Battery Management Unit (BMU) (for example, the BMU is a multi-slave type: the voltage, the temperature and the like of the Battery can be detected); the high-voltage storage time is T0 × Vm/Tm, T0, T1 and … Tn are preset constants, Vm is a voltage correction factor, Tm is a temperature correction factor, and Tm is Max (1, 2^ (Tcell-25)/10)). Table 1 shows the correspondence between the cell temperature and the temperature correction value, and it can be seen from table 1 that the temperature correction value rapidly increases after the cell temperature exceeds 30 degrees celsius (° c).
The higher the cell temperature Tcell is, the smaller the set value of the high-voltage storage time is, namely the high-temperature and high-voltage state, and the switching to the low-voltage mode is accelerated; the voltage correction factor and the temperature correction factor are introduced, so that the stage of the battery can be more accurately and objectively judged, and the battery can be controlled.
TABLE 1 correspondence between cell temperature and temperature correction value
Step A2: according to the judgment of the battery measurement cycle number and the high-voltage storage Time, the battery Mode is smoothly switched from RT (Run Time Mode) to LS1-1, LS1-2 and … LS1-n (Life span Mode 1), the charging voltage of the battery is reduced by 0.01V and the Capacity (FCC) of the battery is reduced by 1% every Time the battery is switched, and the battery is switched in n stages in total;
step A3: the battery BMU judges whether the battery capacity FCC is lower than a preset bottom line (FCC baseline);
step A4: if the battery capacity FCC is lower than the preset bottom line (FCC baseline), the battery Mode is switched to the LS2 Mode (Lifespan Mode 2), the battery charging voltage is reduced by 0.1V compared to the charging voltage of the running Mode (Run Time Mode, RT), and the battery capacity FCC (full Charge capacity) is reduced by 10% compared to the running Mode FCC.
Fig. 6B is a schematic implementation flow diagram of a battery control method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 6C is annotation content added to the schematic implementation flow diagram of the battery control method provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6B, the method includes:
step 801: starting, and detecting the temperature and the cycle times of the battery cell by the BMU;
step 802: 0< ═ cycle number < a 1;
here, a1, a2, …, An are the specific number of cycles.
Step 803: 0< ═ Vhvt (high pressure storage duration) < T0 × Vm/Tm;
here, T0 and T1 … Tn are preset constants representing initial high voltage times in different LS1-1 to LS1-n modes, respectively. The LS mode is an abbreviation of a Life span mode, n indicates that the LS1 mode in the embodiment totally comprises n stages, wherein T0 indicates an initial high voltage time corresponding to the LS1-1 mode, T1 indicates an initial high voltage time corresponding to the LS1-2 mode, and …, Tn indicates an initial high voltage time corresponding to the LS1-n mode.
Step 804: setting an RT mode, Vcharge/cell, FCC0, resetting Vhvt 0;
here, Vcharge is the initial charging voltage/battery at RT (run mode).
Step 805: a1< ═ cycle number < a 2;
step 806: 0< ═ Vhvt < T1 Vm/Tm;
step 807: setting LS1-1 mode, (Vcharge-0.01V)/cell, FCC0 (1-0.01), resetting Vhvt 0;
step 808: an < ═ cycle number < a (n + 1);
step 809: 0< ═ Vhvt < Tn × Vm/Tm;
step 810: setting LS1-n mode, (Vcharge-0.01V x n)/cell, FCC0 x (1-0.01 x n);
step 811: FCC < preset parameters;
here, the preset parameter is the specific value of battery capacity that LS1-N needs to satisfy to LS 2.
Step 812: set LS2 mode, (Vcharge-0.1V)/cell, FCC0 (1-0.1).
In the embodiment of the present application, the full charge voltages presented by LS1-1 to LS1-n are stepped down, for example, as can be seen from fig. 6D, the LS1 mode (i.e., the second mode in the charging mode in the foregoing embodiment) includes the LS1-1 mode to the LS1-5 mode, in which the full charge voltage of the LS1-1 mode is 4.19V decreased by a specific voltage value of 0.01V from the nominal 4.20V, the full charge voltage of the LS1-2 mode is 4.18V decreased by a specific voltage value of 0.01V from 4.19V in the LS1-1 mode, the full charge voltage of the LS1-3 mode is 4.17V decreased by a specific voltage value of 0.01V from 4.18V in the LS1-2 mode, the full charge voltage of the LS1-4 mode is 4.16V decreased by a specific voltage value of 0.01V from 4.17V in the LS 634-3 mode, the full charge voltage of the LS1-4 mode is 4.16V decreased by a specific voltage value of 0.01V in the LS 634-3 mode, the full charge voltage of LS1-5 is reduced by a specified voltage value of 0.05V from the nominal 4.20V. It can be seen that the full charge voltage of LS1-1 mode to LS1-5 is stepped.
In the embodiment of the present application, as the service life becomes longer, the preset bottom line of the battery capacity becomes lower, for example, as can be seen from fig. 6E, the preset bottom line of the battery capacity in the LS2 mode is close to 50%, as the service life becomes longer, the preset bottom line of the battery capacity in the LS1 to LS2 modes becomes lower, and as the battery is used for the 3 rd year, the preset bottom line of the battery capacity becomes close to 50%, the battery ages, and the usability becomes lower.
Based on the foregoing embodiments, the present application provides a battery control apparatus, where the apparatus includes modules, and each unit included in each module may be implemented by a processor (e.g., a controller in a battery management chip) in a battery management device (e.g., a battery management chip); of course, the implementation can also be realized through a specific logic circuit; in implementation, the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Microprocessor (MPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus 700 includes a monitoring module 701, a determining module 702, and a control module 703, where:
a monitoring module 701, configured to monitor battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, where the battery parameters include battery capacity, cycle times, and storage duration of the battery at a specific voltage;
a determining module 702, configured to determine a charging mode applicable to the battery according to at least one of the battery parameters;
a control module 703 is configured to control a full charge voltage and/or a full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode.
In some embodiments, the charging modes of the battery include at least two, different charging modes corresponding to different full charge voltages and/or different full charge capacities.
In some embodiments, the charging mode includes a first mode, a second mode, and a third mode, wherein: a decrease value of the full charge voltage between the second mode and the first mode is smaller than a decrease value of the full charge voltage between the third mode and the first mode; a reduction value of the full charge capacity between the second mode and the first mode is smaller than a reduction value of the full charge capacity between the third mode and the first mode.
In some embodiments, the second mode includes n stages, the decrease value of the full charge voltage between each adjacent two stages in the second mode is the same, and the decrease value of the full charge capacity between each adjacent two stages in the second mode is the same; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the second mode includes n stages, the full charge voltage of the j-th stage in the second mode is decreased by a specific voltage value compared with the full charge voltage of the j-1 th stage, and the full charge capacity of the j-th stage in the second mode is decreased by a specific battery capacity value compared with the full charge capacity of the j-1 th stage; wherein j is 2 or more and small.
In some embodiments, the determining module is configured to determine that the charging mode applicable to the battery is the first mode if the number of cycles is less than a1 st specific number, and/or the storage duration at the specific voltage is less than a1 st specific duration;
accordingly, the control module is configured to: in the first mode, the full charge voltage of the battery is controlled to be the rated voltage required by the battery at the initial time, and/or the full charge capacity of the battery is controlled to be the rated capacity of the battery at the initial time.
In some embodiments, the determining module is configured to determine that the charging mode applicable to the battery is the ith level of the second mode if the number of cycles is greater than the ith specific number and less than the (i +1) th specific number, and/or the storage duration at the specific voltage is less than the (i +1) th specific duration; wherein i is an integer of 1 or more and n or less;
accordingly, the control module is configured to: if i is equal to 1, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the rated voltage of the battery by a specific voltage reduction value and/or controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the rated capacity of the battery by a specific capacity reduction value in level 1 where the charging mode of the battery is the second mode;
and if i is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the full charge voltage of the i-1 th level by a specific voltage reduction value and/or controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the full charge capacity of the i-1 th level by a specific capacity reduction value under the condition that the charging mode of the battery is the i-th level of the second mode.
In some embodiments, the determining module is configured to determine that the charging mode applicable to the battery is the third mode if the current capacity of the battery is less than a specific capacity value;
accordingly, the control module is configured to: when the charge mode of the battery is a third mode, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the full charge voltage of the nth stage in the second mode by a specific second voltage reduction value, and/or controlling the cutoff capacity of the battery to be lower than the cutoff capacity of the nth stage in the second mode by a specific second capacity reduction value.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a second determination mode for determining the i-th specific time period based on a storage time period at a specific voltage of the i-th stage in the second mode, a voltage correction factor, and a temperature correction factor.
Wherein the second determination mode is configured to determine the i-th specific time period according to Ti × Vm/Tm;
wherein, Ti is the storage time length under the specific voltage of the preset ith level, Vm is a voltage correction factor, Tm is a temperature correction factor, Tm is 2^ (Tc-25)/10, and Tc is the cell temperature when the battery runs.
The above description of the apparatus embodiments, similar to the above description of the method embodiments, has similar beneficial effects as the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, reference is made to the description of the embodiments of the method of the present application for understanding.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, if the battery control method is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a standalone product, the battery control method may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a battery management apparatus to perform all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. Thus, embodiments of the present application are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present application provides a battery management device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the method provided by the above embodiment.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the method provided by the above embodiment.
Here, it should be noted that: the above description of the storage medium and device embodiments is similar to the description of the method embodiments above, with similar advantageous effects as the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the storage medium and apparatus of the present application, reference is made to the description of the embodiments of the method of the present application for understanding.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in the various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the unit is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division ways in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components may be combined, or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the devices or units may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately regarded as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional unit.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for realizing the method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program executes the steps comprising the method embodiments when executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a removable storage device, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
Alternatively, the integrated units described above in the present application may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if they are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a battery management apparatus to perform all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a removable storage device, a ROM, a magnetic or optical disk, or other various media that can store program code.
The above description is only for the embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A battery control method, comprising:
monitoring battery parameters of a rechargeable battery, wherein the battery parameters comprise battery capacity, cycle times and storage time of the battery under a specific voltage; wherein the specific voltage is a voltage value higher than a rated voltage;
determining a charging mode applicable to the battery according to at least one of the battery parameters; the charging mode comprises a first mode, a second mode and a third mode; wherein the second mode includes n stages, a decrease value of a full charge voltage between each adjacent two stages in the second mode is the same, and a decrease value of a full charge capacity between each adjacent two stages in the second mode is the same; wherein n is an integer greater than 1;
controlling a full charge voltage and/or a full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the charging modes of the battery include at least two charging modes, and different charging modes correspond to different full charge voltages and/or different full charge capacities.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein a decrease in the full charge voltage between the second mode and the first mode is less than a decrease in the full charge voltage between the third mode and the first mode;
a reduction value of the full charge capacity between the second mode and the first mode is smaller than a reduction value of the full charge capacity between the third mode and the first mode.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a charging mode applicable to the battery based on at least one of the battery parameters comprises:
if the cycle number is less than 1 specific number and/or the storage time length under the specific voltage is less than 1 specific time length, determining that the charging mode suitable for the battery is a first mode;
accordingly, the controlling of the full charge voltage and/or the full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode includes:
in the first mode, the full charge voltage of the battery is controlled to be the rated voltage required by the battery at the initial time, and/or the full charge capacity of the battery is controlled to be the rated capacity of the battery at the initial time.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a charging mode applicable to the battery based on at least one of the battery parameters comprises:
if the cycle number is greater than the ith specific number and less than the (i +1) th specific number, and/or the storage duration under the specific voltage is less than the (i +1) th specific duration, determining that the charging mode suitable for the battery is the ith level of the second mode; wherein i is an integer of 1 or more and n or less;
accordingly, the controlling of the full charge voltage and/or the full charge capacity of the battery according to the charging mode includes:
if i is equal to 1, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the rated voltage of the battery by a specific voltage reduction value and/or controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the rated capacity of the battery by a specific capacity reduction value in level 1 where the charging mode of the battery is the second mode;
and if i is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the full charge voltage of the i-1 th level by a specific voltage reduction value and/or controlling the full charge capacity of the battery to be lower than the full charge capacity of the i-1 th level by a specific capacity reduction value under the condition that the charging mode of the battery is the i-th level of the second mode.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining a charging mode applicable to the battery based on at least one of the battery parameters comprises:
determining that a charging mode applicable to the battery is a third mode if the current capacity of the battery is less than a specific capacity value; wherein the specific capacity value is a preset full charge capacity baseline;
accordingly, controlling the full charge voltage and the cutoff capacity of the battery according to the charging mode includes:
when the charge mode of the battery is a third mode, controlling the full charge voltage of the battery to be lower than the full charge voltage of the nth stage in the second mode by a specific second voltage reduction value, and/or controlling the cutoff capacity of the battery to be lower than the cutoff capacity of the nth stage in the second mode by a specific second capacity reduction value.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
and determining the ith specific time length according to the storage time length, the voltage correction factor and the temperature correction factor of the ith stage at the specific voltage in the second mode.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein determining the i-th specific time period according to the storage time period, the voltage correction factor and the temperature correction factor at the specific voltage of the i-th stage in the second mode comprises:
determining the i-th specific time length according to Ti, Vm and Tm;
wherein, Ti is the storage time length under the specific voltage of the preset ith level, Vm is a voltage correction factor, Tm is a temperature correction factor, Tm is 2^ (Tc-25)/10, and Tc is the cell temperature when the battery runs.
9. A battery management apparatus comprising: a memory storing a computer program operable on a processor and a processor implementing the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the program.
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| CN112622677A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-04-09 | 蚌埠睿德新能源科技有限公司 | Charger and charging method thereof |
| WO2022170581A1 (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | 杭州铅锂智行科技有限公司 | Charger and charging method therefor |
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