CN111104757A - Vibration response simulation method and vibration reduction optimization method of coupling power system - Google Patents
Vibration response simulation method and vibration reduction optimization method of coupling power system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vibration response simulation method and a vibration reduction optimization method of a coupling power system, wherein the response simulation method comprises the following steps: decomposing the coupled power system to obtain subsystems without viscoelastic connecting structure, wherein at least two subsystems are connected through the viscoelastic connecting structure; determining a transfer function of each subsystem, and setting a connection unit between the subsystems according to the connection relation between the subsystems; assembling the transfer functions of all the subsystems by using each connecting unit to obtain an assembled model; and performing vibration response simulation on the assembled model by using preset excitation. The method can give consideration to both calculation efficiency and solving precision, is suitable for division and cooperation of complex problems, and has important guiding significance for dynamic characteristic simulation system, vibration reduction optimization process construction and vibration absorber type selection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a vibration response simulation method of a coupling power system and a vibration reduction optimization method of the coupling power system.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of the field of rail transit, people have increasingly raised attention to the vibration performance of products, and the vibration becomes a key influencing the successful development and core competitiveness of rail transit vehicle-mounted equipment. The rail transit vehicle-mounted equipment relates to various performances of train operation such as power, network, control, energy supply and the like, and is also the most important excitation source of the train, and the vibration performance of the rail transit vehicle-mounted equipment directly relates to the reliability of a product and the riding comfort of passengers. The vehicle-mounted equipment structure integrates electromagnetic components such as a transformer, a reactor, a current transformation module and a relay and cooling equipment such as a fan, the electromagnetic components can generate large electromagnetic excitation on the structure due to the magnetostrictive effect in the working process, the structure is impacted by the switching action of the relay, high-speed rotating equipment such as the fan can generate large excitation on the structure due to the dynamic balance effect, and the vehicle-mounted equipment is excited by the vibration of the vehicle-mounted equipment. The structure and the excitation equipment are connected by viscoelasticity (such as a shock absorber) which is an effective measure for inhibiting vibration transmission, and the structure and the excitation equipment are widely applied to the field of rail transit (such as a transformer and converter cabinet body, a fan and converter cabinet body, a converter and a vehicle body).
In the stage of product design and development, dynamic response checking and structure parameter optimization of a product through finite element simulation are relatively common dynamic development processes in engineering. At present, methods commonly adopted for dynamic response calculation of mainstream finite element software include a modal superposition method, a negative characteristic value method and a direct frequency response analysis method. However, the coupled dynamic system of the algorithms aiming at the high damping effect of the viscoelastic connection (such as a shock absorber) has the defects of large response result error, low calculation time consumption and efficiency and the like.
Therefore, a vibration response simulation method and a vibration damping optimization method of the coupled power system with small response result error and high calculation efficiency are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the dynamic response calculation method of finite element software in the prior art has the defects of large response result error, low calculation time consumption efficiency and the like in a coupling power system aiming at the high damping effect of viscoelastic connection (such as a shock absorber). In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a vibration response simulation method and a vibration reduction optimization method of a coupling power system.
According to one aspect of the invention, a vibration response simulation method of a coupled power system is provided, which comprises the following steps:
decomposing the coupled power system to obtain a plurality of subsystems, wherein each subsystem does not have a viscoelastic connecting structure;
for each subsystem, the following steps are performed:
carrying out finite element modeling on the subsystem to obtain a finite element model of the subsystem;
carrying out modal analysis on the finite element model to obtain the natural frequency and the mode matrix of the subsystem; and
obtaining a transfer function of the subsystem according to the natural frequency and the vibration mode matrix of the subsystem and preset modal damping;
setting a connection unit between the subsystems according to the connection relationship between the subsystems;
assembling the transfer functions of all the subsystems by using each connecting unit to obtain an assembled model;
and carrying out vibration response simulation on the assembled model by utilizing preset excitation.
Preferably, at least two of the plurality of subsystems are connected to each other by a viscoelastic connecting structure.
Preferably, the coupled power system is disassembled, and comprises:
performing attribute analysis on each component constituting the coupling power system;
the components connected through the viscoelastic connecting structure are divided into independent subsystems by omitting the viscoelastic connecting structure;
for a component that does not have a viscoelastic connection, it is determined whether to split the component into separate subsystems based on the size and/or internal configuration of the component.
Preferably, the viscoelastic coupling structure is a damper.
Preferably, the finite element modeling of the subsystem to obtain the finite element model of the subsystem comprises:
carrying out finite element meshing on the geometric structure of the subsystem to obtain a plurality of mesh structures;
and applying boundary conditions to each grid structure and defining unit attributes to obtain a finite element model of the subsystem.
Preferably, the subsystem is finite element modeled using HYPERMESH or ANSA preprocessing software.
Preferably, the finite element model is modelled using NASTRAN software.
Preferably, the setting of the connection unit between the subsystems according to the connection relationship between the subsystems includes:
for any two of all subsystems, performing the steps of:
judging whether connection exists between the two subsystems;
determining a type of connection between the two subsystems in the presence of the connection;
when the connection belongs to a viscoelastic connection, determining a connection unit between the two subsystems as a viscoelastic unit;
when the connection belongs to a rigid connection, the connection unit between the two subsystems is determined to be a rigid unit.
Lab software is preferably used to determine the transfer functions of the subsystems and to set the connection units between the subsystems.
Lab software is preferably used to assemble the transfer functions of all subsystems.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of optimizing vibration damping of a coupled power system, comprising:
judging whether the vibration response obtained based on the vibration response simulation method meets the preset requirement or not;
and under the condition that the vibration response is judged to be not in accordance with the preset requirement, optimizing the assembled model of the coupling power system by using an optimization module of virtual.
Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments in the above scheme can have the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the vibration response simulation method and the vibration reduction optimization method of the coupling power system of the embodiment are applied, calculation efficiency and solving precision are considered, the method is suitable for the division of labor cooperation of complex problems, and the method has important guiding significance for the construction of a dynamic characteristic simulation system and a vibration reduction optimization process and the type selection of the vibration absorber.
Drawings
The scope of the present disclosure may be better understood by reading the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein the included drawings are:
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a method for simulating a vibration response of a coupled power system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of decoupling a coupled powertrain system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method for finite element modeling of a subsystem according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of a method of setting up a connection unit between two subsystems according to an embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of a method for damping optimization of a coupled powertrain system, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe in detail an implementation method of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that how to apply technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
Prior to setting forth in detail various embodiments of the present invention, a brief description of the prior art related to the present invention is provided.
In the prior art, methods commonly used for dynamic response calculation of mainstream finite element software include a modal superposition method, a negative eigenvalue method and a direct frequency response analysis method. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the modal superposition method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out modal analysis on an undamped structure to obtain a plurality of low-order natural frequencies and vibration modes of a system (namely a vibration mode truncation method), utilizing the orthogonal characteristic of a vibration mode matrix on a mass matrix and a rigidity matrix in a dynamic equation, and simulating the damping effect of the system by adopting modal damping to decouple the vibration equation, thereby efficiently obtaining the dynamic response of the system. The modal superposition method has the defect that for a large coupling system connected with the shock absorber, the result error is often large because the modal damping cannot simulate the high damping effect of the shock absorber.
The complex eigenvalue method can consider different damping effects of the system, and realizes solution through damped orthogonal modes, and the obtained eigenvalue and eigenvector are complex numbers. The complex eigenvalue method has the defects that different damping parameters of the structure need to be given artificially, the workload is increased, the damping parameters of the actual system are difficult to determine, the calculation time is long, the calculation amount is about 5-10 times of that of the modal superposition method, and the complex multi-damping effect coupling system in the field of rail transit is difficult to directly apply.
The direct frequency response analysis method directly solves the coupled structural dynamics equation set, and can obtain the vibration response on a series of discrete frequency points by considering the damping effect of the shock absorber. The direct frequency response analysis method has the defects that a full-matrix equation needs to be solved, the calculation efficiency is extremely low, a system with millions of degrees of freedom in the rail transit field bears a broadband excitation effect, and the computer burden is heavy by adopting the direct frequency response method.
It can be seen that for the vibration response calculation of a large-scale coupling system connected through viscoelasticity in the rail transit field, how to efficiently perform finite element modeling, how to simultaneously consider the damping of the shock absorber and the damping of the structure, improve the calculation efficiency, and how to guide the optimization of the shock absorber parameters is the key.
Based on the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a vibration response simulation method and a vibration reduction optimization method of a coupling power system. Various specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.
Example one
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for simulating a vibration response of a coupled power system according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method for simulating the vibration response of the coupled power system of the present embodiment mainly includes steps S101 to S105.
In step S101, the coupled power system is decomposed to obtain a plurality of subsystems, wherein each subsystem does not have a viscoelastic connecting structure. It should be noted that the coupling dynamic system according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a complex coupling dynamic system including no viscoelastic connecting structure, or may be a complex coupling dynamic system including a viscoelastic connecting structure. In the latter case, at least two of the decomposed subsystems are connected by a viscoelastic connecting structure.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the coupled power system is disassembled, including: step S201, performing attribute analysis on each component forming the coupling power system; step S202, omitting the viscoelastic connecting structure from the components connected by the viscoelastic connecting structure, and splitting the components into separate subsystems; and step S203, determining whether to split the component into separate subsystems according to the scale and/or the internal structure of the component, aiming at the component without viscoelastic connection. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the viscoelastic coupling structure is a damper, the component having no viscoelastic coupling is a rigid coupling structure, and the rigid coupling structure is a bolt coupling structure.
Aiming at a complex system with a plurality of components connected through a shock absorber and a bolt, the complex system can be split into a plurality of subsystems according to the characteristics of the internal connection relation of the components forming the complex system. A subsystem splitting principle: splitting components connected through the shock absorber into independent subsystems; and determining whether the components connected by the bolts are split into subsystems according to the complexity of the components. Here, since the shock absorber has a high damping effect, damping needs to be defined when a subsystem connection relationship is defined subsequently, the high damping effect of the shock absorber is simulated, and calculation accuracy is improved, so that components connected through the shock absorber need to be split into a plurality of separate subsystems. However, since bolting finite element modeling can be generally simplified to rigid element REB2 connection, it is not necessary to split the components that are bolted into subsystems. Here, it is worth explaining that, for the accuracy of the vibration response simulation result, the inside of the divided sub-systems does not relate to the viscoelastic connecting structure, which is a kind of connecting structure between the sub-systems. Therefore, when damping is defined subsequently, corresponding damping can be defined for each viscoelastic connecting structure respectively, and a real system can be reflected more accurately. In addition, for complex rigid connection parts, the division into separate subsystems facilitates the improvement of modeling efficiency. In the implementation process, a person skilled in the art can determine whether to split the rigid connection part into separate subsystems according to the complexity of the rigid connection part to be analyzed.
In step S102, finite element modeling is performed on the current subsystem to obtain a finite element model of the subsystem.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, finite element modeling is performed on the current subsystem, including: step S301, carrying out finite element mesh division on the geometric structure of the current subsystem to obtain a plurality of mesh structures; and step S302, applying boundary conditions to each grid structure and defining unit attributes to obtain a finite element model of the subsystem.
For the individual subsystems, finite element meshing is preferably performed in specialized preprocessing software such as HYPERMESH or ANSA, and boundary conditions and defined cell attributes are applied to each of the divided mesh structures. When the boundary condition is determined, the position of the node connecting the subsystem and other subsystems is kept in a free state, and the boundary condition of other nodes is applied according to the actual situation, such as restriction of node displacement, node freedom and the like.
It should be noted that HYPERMESH or ANSA preprocessing software is software commonly used by those skilled in the art for finite element modeling of a system, and the modeling algorithm and the specific operation method in the software are not described herein.
In step S103, a modal analysis is performed on the finite element model to obtain a natural frequency and a mode matrix of the subsystem.
In particular, modal analysis is performed for the current subsystem using structural finite element analysis software, preferably NASTRAN software. Under the action of certain external excitation, the modes which mainly contribute to the response are only a plurality of low-order modes, and all the modes of the system do not need to be obtained, so that the calculation efficiency is obviously improved. The mode frequency required by general engineering calculation reaches about 2 times of the excitation frequency and is enough to meet the calculation requirement.
It should be noted that the NASTRAN software is a software of finite elements commonly used by those skilled in the art for performing modal analysis on a finite element model, and a modal analysis algorithm and a specific operation method in the software are not described in detail herein.
In step S104, a transfer function of the subsystem is obtained according to the natural frequency and the mode shape matrix of the subsystem and the preset modal damping.
Specifically, for the current subsystem, the transfer function of the subsystem is determined by matrix inversion through the subsystem natural frequency and mode matrix obtained by the modal analysis in step S103 and the preset modal damping, and the method is substantially an inverse process of a modal superposition method. In the specific implementation process, the input point and the output point of the transfer function can be defined according to the actual situation by using virtual.
In step S105, it is determined whether or not transfer functions of all the subsystems are acquired. If it is determined that the transfer functions of all the subsystems are acquired, step S106 is executed. If it is determined that all the transfer functions of all the subsystems have not been acquired, one of the unprocessed subsystems is set as the current subsystem, and the process returns to step S102.
In step S106, a connection unit between the subsystems is set according to the connection relationship between the subsystems.
In a specific implementation process, this step may be executed before the transfer functions of the subsystems are acquired, or may be executed after the transfer functions of all the subsystems are acquired, and this embodiment does not limit the execution order of this step.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, setting up a connection unit between subsystems according to a connection relationship between the subsystems includes: for any two of all subsystems, performing the steps of: step S401, judging whether connection exists between the two subsystems; in step S402, in the case where there is a connection between the two subsystems, the type of the connection is determined; in step S403, when the connection belongs to a viscoelastic connection, determining a connection unit between the two subsystems as a viscoelastic unit, and when the connection belongs to a rigid connection, determining a connection unit between the two subsystems as a rigid unit; and a step S404, in the case that there is no connection between the two subsystems, no connection unit is provided between the two subsystems.
In a specific implementation process, a connection unit can be established by using an assembly analysis module (assembly analysis module) for virtual. The damper connection can establish a viscoelastic unit (embodied as a push unit in virtual. The bolted connection may establish a rigid unit (embodied as a rigid unit in virtual.
In step S107, the transfer functions of all the subsystems are assembled by using the respective connection units, and an assembled model is obtained.
In a specific implementation process, an assembly analysis module (assembly analysis module) of virtual.
In step S108, a vibration response simulation is performed on the assembled model using a preset excitation.
Specifically, the response caused by the preset excitation is calculated by using the assembled model, so that the vibration response simulation is carried out on the coupling dynamic system to obtain the vibration response.
Example two
The embodiment is a vibration damping optimization method based on the vibration response simulation method of the coupling power system. FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of a method for damping optimization of a coupled powertrain system, according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the method for optimizing vibration damping of a coupled power system according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes steps S501 to S503.
In step S501, it is determined whether the vibration response obtained based on the vibration response simulation method according to the first embodiment meets a preset requirement.
In step S502, when it is determined that the vibration response does not meet the preset requirement, the assembled model of the coupled power system is optimized by using an optimization module of virtual.
Specifically, it is first determined whether the vibration response obtained by the vibration response simulation method according to the first embodiment meets the requirements. If the vibration response does not meet the requirements, the virtual.
The basic principle of the vibration response simulation method and the vibration reduction optimization method of the coupling power system of the embodiment of the invention is as follows: in the vibration response calculation, the mode superposition method adopts a vibration mode truncation method, so that the degree of freedom of the system is reduced, the characteristics of the vibration mode matrix about the orthogonality of the mass matrix and the rigidity matrix are utilized to decouple the dynamic equation, the solving efficiency is extremely high, and the application in engineering is widest. For a large coupling system of track traffic viscoelastic connection, a modal superposition method cannot be directly applied to solving due to the high damping effect of a connecting unit. The method comprises the steps of applying a substructure modal synthesis method, manually dividing a complete large structure into a plurality of substructures according to the component combination characteristics of the structure or the requirement of problem analysis, firstly analyzing the dynamic characteristics of each substructure, reserving the main modal information of each substructure, and then assembling to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the whole structure according to the coordination relationship among the substructure interfaces. The method gives consideration to the solving efficiency of the modal superposition method, and can accurately simulate the high damping characteristic of the connecting unit.
The vibration response simulation method and the vibration reduction optimization method of the coupling power system have the following advantages that:
(1) the sub-system decomposes and models, which is beneficial to the team work division and cooperation and improves the modeling efficiency by more than 50%;
(2) based on the calculation of the transfer function of the subsystem, the calculation efficiency of the modal superposition method is considered and the high damping effect of the shock absorber is considered on the basis of the overall response calculation of the transfer function assembly, and the calculation efficiency is improved by more than 50%;
(3) because each subsystem exists independently of other subsystems, when the design parameter of a certain subsystem is changed, the other subsystems do not need to be recalculated, and the simulation verification efficiency is improved;
(4) lab assembly environment, the unit for simulating viscoelastic connection is established, the rigidity and damping effect of the shock absorber are considered, meanwhile, the parameterization processing is convenient, good optimized parameter input is provided for subsequent shock absorption optimization, and the design and the model selection of the shock absorber are guided.
Therefore, the vibration response simulation method and the vibration reduction optimization method of the coupling power system of the embodiment are applicable to division of labor cooperation of complex problems, and have important guiding significance for dynamic characteristic simulation system and vibration reduction optimization process construction and type selection of the vibration absorber, and calculation efficiency and solving precision are both considered.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A vibration response simulation method of a coupled power system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
decomposing the coupled power system to obtain a plurality of subsystems, wherein each subsystem does not have a viscoelastic connecting structure;
for each subsystem, the following steps are performed:
carrying out finite element modeling on the subsystem to obtain a finite element model of the subsystem;
carrying out modal analysis on the finite element model to obtain the natural frequency and the mode matrix of the subsystem; and
obtaining a transfer function of the subsystem according to the natural frequency and the vibration mode matrix of the subsystem and preset modal damping;
setting a connection unit between the subsystems according to the connection relationship between the subsystems;
assembling the transfer functions of all the subsystems by using each connecting unit to obtain an assembled model;
and carrying out vibration response simulation on the assembled model by utilizing preset excitation.
2. The vibration response simulation method according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the plurality of subsystems are connected by a viscoelastic connecting structure.
3. The vibration response simulation method of claim 2, wherein decomposing the coupled power system comprises:
performing attribute analysis on each component constituting the coupling power system;
the components connected through the viscoelastic connecting structure are divided into independent subsystems by omitting the viscoelastic connecting structure;
for a component that does not have a viscoelastic connection, it is determined whether to split the component into separate subsystems based on the size and/or internal configuration of the component.
4. The vibration response simulation method of claim 2, wherein the viscoelastic coupling structure is a vibration damper.
5. The vibration response simulation method of claim 1, wherein performing finite element modeling on the subsystem to obtain a finite element model of the subsystem comprises:
carrying out finite element meshing on the geometric structure of the subsystem to obtain a plurality of mesh structures;
and applying boundary conditions to each grid structure and defining unit attributes to obtain a finite element model of the subsystem.
6. A vibration response simulation method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the subsystem is subjected to finite element modeling using HYPERMESH or ANSA preprocessing software.
7. The vibration response simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the finite element model is modal analyzed using NASTRAN software.
8. The vibration response simulation method according to claim 1, wherein setting the connection unit between the subsystems according to the connection relationship between the subsystems comprises:
for any two of all subsystems, performing the steps of:
judging whether connection exists between the two subsystems;
determining a type of connection between the two subsystems in the presence of the connection;
when the connection belongs to a viscoelastic connection, determining a connection unit between the two subsystems as a viscoelastic unit;
when the connection belongs to a rigid connection, the connection unit between the two subsystems is determined to be a rigid unit.
9. The vibration response simulation method of claim 1, wherein the transfer functions of the subsystems are determined, the connection units between the subsystems are set, and the transfer functions of all the subsystems are assembled using virtual.
10. A method of optimizing vibration damping of a coupled powertrain system, comprising:
judging whether the vibration response obtained based on the vibration response simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 meets a preset requirement;
and under the condition that the vibration response is judged to be not in accordance with the preset requirement, optimizing the assembled model of the coupling power system by using an optimization module of virtual.
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