CN111104338A - Communication protocol modeling method - Google Patents

Communication protocol modeling method Download PDF

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CN111104338A
CN111104338A CN201911403320.0A CN201911403320A CN111104338A CN 111104338 A CN111104338 A CN 111104338A CN 201911403320 A CN201911403320 A CN 201911403320A CN 111104338 A CN111104338 A CN 111104338A
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data
communication protocol
data packet
bytes
model
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王俊杰
陈媛
王安邦
宋元章
哈清华
王红园
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a communication protocol modeling method, which comprises the following steps: s1, analyzing the communication protocol, and determining the system connected by the communication protocol and the correlation among the systems; s2, analyzing the composition form of the application data of the communication protocol facing the user; and S3, establishing a model according to the relation between the data elements of the communication data packet in the communication protocol. The invention analyzes the data and the interaction relation in the interface communication protocol of the serial communication type, establishes a completely described mathematical model for various action relations of the communication protocol, converts the system communication protocol described by a natural language into a machine language which can be identified by a computer based on the mathematical model, and then achieves the purpose of automatically generating the test case by researching a certain test case calculation algorithm, and finally realizes the automatic execution of the interface protocol test so as to improve the test efficiency.

Description

Communication protocol modeling method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication protocol modeling, in particular to a modeling method of an application-oriented serial interface communication protocol.
Background
Space/air loads, weaponry, etc. are generally made up of multiple systems, with information being exchanged between the various systems, again in the most common way asynchronous serial communication, using serial buses in the respective areas, such as I2C, SPI, RS232/422/485/UART, MIL-STD-1553, CAN, ARINC429, ethernet, etc. The communication protocol builds data according to respective bus standards on a physical layer, a data link layer and the like, but in an application layer facing to application, because the working modes of system equipment are different, designers can not follow the uniform application standard when designing the communication protocol of the application layer, and the communication protocol can be comprehensively considered according to the requirements of system information interaction. When the protocol without the standard format is tested, a large amount of manpower and resources are consumed, the obtained test effect is not satisfactory, and the full coverage of the protocol test cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a modeling method for a communication protocol, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the communication protocol modeling method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing the communication protocol, and determining the system connected by the communication protocol and the correlation among the systems;
s2, analyzing the composition form of the application data of the communication protocol facing the user;
and S3, establishing a model according to the relation between the data elements of the communication data packet in the communication protocol.
Preferably, the model built is an independent data packet model, which is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002347998600000011
j≥0,i≥0,i-j≥0,n≥0,m≥0,m-n≥0；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002347998600000021
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe xth data packet of the system, x is the number of the data packet, N is the set of the subsequent numbers of bytes when the byte elements of the data packet are distinguished according to the actual application meaning, α belongs to (0,1, 2.). respectivelyαSystem and SβNatural sequence numbering of the system; i is a set of start and end data bit pairs of binary bits of a data element; bi:i±jThe binary digits from ith to ith +/-j in the data element, wherein i + j is the front of the low digit, and i-j is the front of the high digit;
Figure BDA0002347998600000022
the data elements are m-th to m + -n-th bytes of data in the data packet and the equivalent representation of the data elements by bits, m + n is the low byte before, and m-n is the high byte before.
Preferably, the established model is an independent data packet self element relation model, which is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002347998600000023
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002347998600000024
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe x-th data packet of the system, wherein x is the serial number of the data packet; bi:i±jThe binary digits from ith to ith +/-j in the data element, wherein i + j is the front of the low digit, and i-j is the front of the high digit;
Figure BDA0002347998600000025
the data elements are the data of m-th to m + -n-th bytes in the data packet and the equivalent expression according to the bits, m + n is the low byte before, m-n is the high byte before, j is more than or equal to 0, i-j is more than or equal to 0, n is more than or equal to 0, m is more than or equal to 0, and m-n is more than or equal to 0; a is a set of specific values taken by the data elements; k represents that k data elements exist, and the value in the set A is taken; k is a set of K.
Preferably, the established model is an element relationship checking model of the independent data packet, which is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002347998600000026
h≥0,l≥0,p≥0,q≥0,x≥0,n≥0,m≥0,α,β∈(0,1,2,...),α≠β；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002347998600000027
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe x-th data packet of the system, wherein x is the serial number of the data packet; b ism:mRepresenting m to m bytes in the data packet; b isn:nRepresenting n to n bytes in the data packet; when l-h is 1 and q-p is more than or equal to 1, the value of one byte is the carry-free accumulated sum of other bytes; when l-h is 1 and q-p is 1, it means that the two byte values are equal.
Preferably, the established model is a multi-packet question-answer relationship model, which is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002347998600000031
k,x,y,p,q,i,j,s,t,m,n≥0；
wherein, bm:nRepresents byte Bs:tA bitwise equivalent representation; q is SαThe value range of meaning data in an application layer of the system; a is a system S of values according to QβResponse SαThe value range of the meaning data fed back during the system; rkThe question-answer relationship in the parameter pair value range is obtained;
Figure BDA0002347998600000032
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβXth data packet of system
Figure BDA0002347998600000033
The p-th to q-th bytes in (B) are the query parameter Bp:qHas a value range of Qk；
Figure BDA0002347998600000034
Is SβThe system being based on the query parameter Bp:qFeedback to SαThe system format is
Figure BDA0002347998600000035
S to t byte of the response parameter range ak。
Preferably, the established model is an inter-packet element decomposition and combination relation model, which is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002347998600000036
wherein S isRTo the system SαA set of systems that transmit data; sSFor receiving system SαA set of systems that transmit data; x is system SαReceives SRA data packet set which needs to be split/combined in a data packet sent by a certain system; y is system SαIs sent to SSA set of packets for a system; k represents a data element set with a splitting convention relationship; l represents a data element set with a combination convention relationship; b iss:tIs s to t bytes in the data packet; b isp:qP to q bytes in the data packet; l represents that there are l data elements; k is a set of K; k denotes that there are k data elements.
Preferably, the communication protocol is a serial interface communication protocol, and the data content of the serial interface communication protocol is top-level data constraint oriented to the user.
The invention can obtain the following technical effects:
the data and the interaction relation in the interface communication protocol of the serial communication type are analyzed, a completely described mathematical model is established for various action relations of the communication protocol, a system communication protocol described by a natural language is converted into a machine language which can be identified by a computer based on the mathematical model, then a certain test case calculation algorithm is researched, the purpose of automatically generating the test case is achieved, and finally, the automatic execution of the interface protocol test is realized, so that the test efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a communication protocol modeling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication protocol modeling method, including the following steps:
step 1, analyzing a communication protocol, and determining a system connected with the communication protocol and a mutual relation between the systems.
The communication protocol of the embodiment of the present invention is a serial interface communication protocol or a parallel interface communication protocol, the serial interface communication protocol may be a synchronous serial interface communication protocol or an asynchronous serial interface communication protocol, the parallel interface communication protocol may be a synchronous parallel interface communication protocol or an asynchronous parallel interface communication protocol, and the following description will take the serial interface communication protocol as an example.
The system connected with the serial interface communication protocol and the correlation among the systems are determined by analyzing the serial interface communication protocol.
The serial interface communication protocol is a data transmission requirement for connecting a plurality of systems or a plurality of subsystems, and the data content of the serial interface communication protocol is top-level data constraint oriented to an application.
The serial interface communication protocol is suitable for the constraint of data transmission between systems and is also suitable for the constraint of data transmission between subsystems in a single system.
And 2, analyzing the composition form of the application data of the communication protocol facing the user.
The invention only aims at the communication protocol of the application layer, thereby eliminating the standard requirements of the physical layer and the data link layer of the communication protocol and only aiming at the data applied to the user.
The Data items involved in the communication protocol are analyzed and described, the communication protocol of the application layer is composed of Data elements, the minimum element of the communication protocol is binary bits (bit) of a computer, and the bits form bytes (Byte), words, double words and the like, so that the most basic communication Data Packet (DP) is formed. In different bus protocol descriptions, the basic elements describing the data packets are different, for example, in the RS232/422/485/UART bus protocol, the basic elements are often described in bytes; in the MIL-STD-1553 bus protocol, a doubleword is often used as a basic element. For modeling unified specifications, the basic constituent elements of a data packet are assumed to be bytes.
And 3, establishing a model according to the relation between the data elements of the communication data packet in the communication protocol.
Different models can be established according to the relation between different data elements, and the following five models can be established according to the relation division between the communication protocol data elements, wherein the five models are mutually independent models respectively.
First, the model is an independent data packet model
Establishing an independent data packet model by utilizing the data relation of a communication data packet, wherein the expression of the independent data packet model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002347998600000051
j≥0,i≥0,i-j≥0,n≥0,m≥0,m-n≥0；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002347998600000052
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe x-th data packet of the system, wherein x is the serial number of the data packet;
n is a set of byte subsequent numbers when byte elements of the data packet are distinguished according to actual application meanings;
α e (0,1, 2..) is SαSystem and SβNatural sequence numbering of the system;
i is a set of start and end data bit pairs of binary bits of a data element;
bi:i±jthe binary digits from ith to ith +/-j in the data element, wherein i + j is the front of the low digit, and i-j is the front of the high digit;
Figure BDA0002347998600000053
the data elements are m-th to m + -n-th bytes of data in the data packet and the equivalent representation of the data elements by bits, m + n is the low byte before, and m-n is the high byte before.
Second, independent data package self element relation model
And establishing an element relation model of the independent data packet by utilizing the element relation of the communication data packet according to the identified basic requirements (the content of the specific byte simultaneously meets the condition) of the communication data packet.
The expression of the element relation model of the independent data packet is
Figure BDA0002347998600000061
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002347998600000062
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe x-th data packet of the system, wherein x is the serial number of the data packet;
bi:i±jthe binary digits from ith to ith +/-j in the data element, wherein i + j is the front of the low digit, and i-j is the front of the high digit;
Figure BDA0002347998600000063
the data elements are the data of m-th to m + -n-th bytes in the data packet and the equivalent expression according to the bits, m + n is the low byte before, m-n is the high byte before, j is more than or equal to 0, i-j is more than or equal to 0, n is more than or equal to 0, m is more than or equal to 0, and m-n is more than or equal to 0;
a is a set of specific values taken by the data elements;
k represents that k data elements exist, and the value in the set A is taken;
k is a set of K.
Third, independent data packet self element relation checking model
The independent data packet self element relation check model represents a sum equal constraint relation between data elements with certain meanings in the data packet and other data elements.
The expression of the element relation checking model of the independent data packet is as follows:
Figure BDA0002347998600000064
h≥0,l≥0,p≥0,q≥0,x≥0,n≥0,m≥0,α,β∈(0,1,2,...),α≠β；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002347998600000065
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe x-th data packet of the system, wherein x is the serial number of the data packet;
Bm:mrepresenting m to m bytes in the data packet;
Bn:nrepresenting n to n bytes in the data packet;
when l-h is 1 and q-p is more than or equal to 1, the value of one byte is the carry-free accumulated sum of other bytes; when l-h is 1 and q-p is 1, it means that the two byte values are equal.
Fourth, multiple data packet question-answer relation model
Establishing a multi-data packet question-answer relation model according to a multi-data packet question-answer relation in a communication protocol, wherein the expression of the multi-data packet question-answer relation model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002347998600000071
k,x,y,p,q,i,j,s,t,m,n≥0
wherein, bm:nRepresents byte Bs:tA bitwise equivalent representation;
q is SαThe value range of meaning data in an application layer of the system;
a is a system S of values according to QβResponse SαThe value range of the meaning data fed back during the system; rkThe question-answer relationship in the parameter pair value range is obtained;
Figure BDA0002347998600000072
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβXth data packet of system
Figure BDA0002347998600000073
The p-th to q-th bytes in (B) are the query parameter Bp:qHas a value range of Qk；
Figure BDA0002347998600000074
Is SβThe system being based on the query parameter Bp:qFeedback to SαThe system format is
Figure BDA0002347998600000075
S to t byte of the response parameter range ak。
Fifth, element decomposition and combination relation model between data packets
System S for representing element decomposition and combination relation model among data packetsαThe mathematical model is used for splitting/combining certain data elements in certain data packets sent by different systems and then sending the data packets to related systems.
The expression of the element decomposition and combination relation model among the data packets is as follows:
Figure BDA0002347998600000076
wherein S isRTo the system SαA set of systems that transmit data;
SSfor receiving system SαA set of systems that transmit data;
x is system SαReceives SRA data packet set which needs to be split/combined in a data packet sent by a certain system;
y is system SαIs sent to SSA set of packets for a system;
k represents a data element set with a splitting convention relationship;
l represents a data element set with a combination convention relationship;
Bs:tis s to t bytes in the data packet;
Bp:qp to q bytes in the data packet;
l represents that there are l data elements;
k is a set of K;
k denotes that there are k data elements.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A communication protocol modeling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, analyzing the communication protocol, and determining the system connected by the communication protocol and the correlation among the systems;
s2, analyzing the composition form of the application data of the communication protocol facing the user;
and S3, establishing a model according to the relation between the data elements of the communication data packet in the communication protocol.
2. The communication protocol modeling method of claim 1, wherein the model created is an independent packet model represented as:
Figure FDA0002347998590000011
j≥0,i≥0,i-j≥0,n≥0,m≥0,m-n≥0；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002347998590000012
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe x-th data packet of the system, wherein x is the serial number of the data packet;
n is a set of byte subsequent numbers when byte elements of the data packet are distinguished according to actual application meanings;
α e (0,1, 2..) is SαSystem and SβNatural sequence numbering of the system;
i is a set of start and end data bit pairs of binary bits of a data element;
bi:i±jthe binary digits from ith to ith +/-j in the data element, wherein i + j is the front of the low digit, and i-j is the front of the high digit;
Figure FDA0002347998590000013
the data elements are m-th to m + -n-th bytes of data in the data packet and the equivalent representation of the data elements by bits, m + n is the low byte before, and m-n is the high byte before.
3. The communication protocol modeling method of claim 1, wherein the established model is an independent data packet self element relationship model expressed as:
Figure FDA0002347998590000021
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002347998590000022
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe x-th data packet of the system, wherein x is the serial number of the data packet;
bi:i±jthe binary digits from ith to ith +/-j in the data element, wherein i + j is the front of the low digit, and i-j is the front of the high digit;
Figure FDA0002347998590000023
the data elements are the data of m-th to m + -n-th bytes in the data packet and the equivalent expression according to the bits, m + n is the low byte before, m-n is the high byte before, j is more than or equal to 0, i-j is more than or equal to 0, n is more than or equal to 0, m is more than or equal to 0, and m-n is more than or equal to 0;
a is a set of specific values taken by the data elements;
k represents that k data elements exist, and the value in the set A is taken;
k is a set of K.
4. The communication protocol modeling method of claim 1, wherein the established model is an independent data packet self element relationship check model expressed as:
Figure FDA0002347998590000024
h≥0,l≥0,p≥0,q≥0,x≥0,n≥0,m≥0,α,β∈(0,1,2,...),α≠β；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002347998590000025
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβThe x-th data packet of the system, wherein x is the serial number of the data packet;
Bm:mrepresenting m to m bytes in the data packet;
Bn:nrepresenting n to n bytes in the data packet;
when l-h is 1 and q-p is more than or equal to 1, the value of one byte is the carry-free accumulated sum of other bytes; when l-h is 1 and q-p is 1, it means that the two byte values are equal.
5. The communication protocol modeling method of claim 1, wherein the established model is a multiple packet question-answer relationship model represented as:
Figure FDA0002347998590000031
k,x,y,p,q,i,j,s,t,m,n≥0
wherein, bm:nRepresents byte Bs:tA bitwise equivalent representation;
q is SαThe value range of meaning data in an application layer of the system;
a is a system S of values according to QβResponse SαThe value range of the meaning data fed back during the system; rkThe question-answer relationship in the parameter pair value range is obtained;
Figure FDA0002347998590000032
is composed of SαThe system sends to SβXth data packet of system
Figure FDA0002347998590000033
The p-th to q-th bytes in (B) are the query parameter Bp:qHas a value range of Qk；
Figure FDA0002347998590000034
Is SβThe system being based on the query parameter Bp:qFeedback to SαThe system format is
Figure FDA0002347998590000035
S to s oft bytes of response parameter range Ak。
6. The communication protocol modeling method of claim 1, wherein the model established is an inter-packet element decomposition and combination relationship model expressed as:
Figure FDA0002347998590000036
wherein S isRTo the system SαA set of systems that transmit data;
SSfor receiving system SαA set of systems that transmit data;
x is system SαReceives SRA data packet set which needs to be split/combined in a data packet sent by a certain system;
y is system SαIs sent to SSA set of packets for a system;
k represents a data element set with a splitting convention relationship;
l represents a data element set with a combination convention relationship;
Bs:tis s to t bytes in the data packet;
Bp:qp to q bytes in the data packet;
l represents that there are l data elements;
k is a set of K;
k denotes that there are k data elements.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication protocol is a serial interface communication protocol, and the data content of the serial interface communication protocol is a top-level data constraint for the user.
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CN111970172A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-20 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Software test requirement analysis method and related components
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