CN111093090A - TCP-based multicast channel fast switching system and method - Google Patents
TCP-based multicast channel fast switching system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111093090A CN111093090A CN201811241944.2A CN201811241944A CN111093090A CN 111093090 A CN111093090 A CN 111093090A CN 201811241944 A CN201811241944 A CN 201811241944A CN 111093090 A CN111093090 A CN 111093090A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23106—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving caching operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/23406—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving management of server-side video buffer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
- H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
- H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/64—Addressing
- H04N21/6405—Multicasting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/85—Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
- H04N21/854—Content authoring
- H04N21/8547—Content authoring involving timestamps for synchronizing content
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- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A multicast channel fast switching system based on TCP comprises a multicast preprocessing forwarding server, a multicast fast switching cache server and a multicast receiving client, wherein the multicast preprocessing forwarding server receives an information source multicast signal and preprocesses received multicast channel data; the multicast fast-switching cache server identifies the initial position of the frame I of the multicast channel data, and stores and manages the video data in a corresponding storage unit; and the multicast receiving client combines and plays the video data acquired from the multicast fast-switching cache server with the video data received by the local multicast. The invention also provides a method for rapidly switching the multicast channel based on the TCP, which eliminates the waiting time of the I frame and the multicast receiving delay time, and simultaneously prepares enough broadcast starting data for the player, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly switching the channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of IPTV, in particular to a system and a method for rapidly switching multicast channels based on TCP.
Background
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, i.e., a reliable connection must be established with the other party before data can be transmitted and received. UDP is a connectionless communication protocol.
RTP is used to transport real-time data in unicast or multicast networks, and the main functions of RTCP are: monitoring and feedback of quality of service, synchronization between media. RTCP packets are transmitted periodically during an RTP session. The RTCP packets contain statistics about the number of transmitted packets, the number of lost packets, etc., so the server can use these statistics to dynamically change the transmission rate or increase the retransmission mechanism. RTP is used in conjunction with RTCP, which is also transported in UDP, and it is only some control information encapsulated in RTCP, which is a common mechanism implemented by the industry quickly.
The network port capability of the IPTV set-top box is 100M, operation data shows that when the network port of the set-top box receives UDP data, packet loss occurs when the network port exceeds 37M, but when TCP communication is carried out, the transmission capability of the network port of the set-top box can reach 80M. RTP/RTCP is essentially a UDP protocol.
With the introduction of a 4K channel or a high-bit-rate high-definition channel, the bit stream is usually about 20-30M, and when the channel is played, if it is expected that effective video data can be acquired within 500ms, the requirement of acquiring data quickly can be met only by using twice the transmission speed of the channel bit stream. The RTP/RTCP fast switching communication protocol is used, the transmission flow is as high as 40-60M, the set top box cannot bear the transmission flow, packet loss retransmission is used at the time, frosting is not caused on snow, and the network burden of the box is further increased.
The reasons for slow channel switching of multicast channels include the following:
i frame latency: the player must take the I-frame video data to begin playing. The interval of the multicast channel I frame in the broadcasting and television field is generally 1 second, the broadcasting starting time is 1 second, if the I frame is just past, the next I frame can be received after waiting for 1 second, and the waiting time is between 1ms and 999 ms;
multicast delay: after initiating a request for joining a multicast group, a client generally needs 80ms-200ms to receive multicast data;
player launch data Window: the data is generally set to be 500ms, and if the data is too short, a micro-card situation occurs when the video is played.
The total waiting time is 581 ms-1679 ms by integrating the three links
The introduction of the multicast fast-switching cache server can save the waiting time of the three links to be compressed within 200 ms.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for rapidly switching multicast channels based on TCP, which eliminate I frame waiting time and multicast receiving delay time, prepare enough broadcast starting data for a player and achieve the purpose of rapidly switching channels.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a TCP-based multicast channel fast switching system, which comprises a multicast preprocessing forwarding server, a multicast fast switching cache server, and a multicast receiving client, wherein,
the multicast preprocessing forwarding server receives the information source multicast signals and preprocesses the received multicast channel data;
the multicast fast-switching cache server identifies the initial position of the frame I of the multicast channel data, and stores and manages the video data in a corresponding storage unit;
and the multicast receiving client combines and plays the video data acquired from the multicast fast-switching cache server with the video data received by the local multicast.
Further, the multicast preprocessing forwarding server performs I-frame identification on the multicast channel data, and sends the multicast channel data after I-frame identification to the multicast fast-switching caching server and the multicast receiving client in a multicast form.
Further, the multicast fast-switching cache server identifies the starting position of the frame I from the multicast channel data identified by the frame I, and stores the video data from the current frame I to the next frame I as a video data unit in the corresponding frame I storage unit; and managing the corresponding relation between the storage unit and the multicast address of the channel and the PTS time stamp of the I frame.
Further, the multicast fast-switching cache server monitors the fast-switching request of the multicast receiving client, and according to the channel multicast address in the fast-switching request, queries the storage unit of the corresponding previous I frame, acquires the video data in the storage unit, and feeds back the video data to the multicast receiving client.
Furthermore, the multicast receiving client requests the multicast fast-switching cache server for the last I-frame video data in a TCP communication manner; receiving video data sent by the multicast preprocessing forwarding server; and detecting the time stamp of the last I frame video data acquired from the multicast fast-switching cache server and the video data received by local multicast, and when the connection is found, disconnecting the TCP request, combining the last I frame video data and the video data received by local multicast, and delivering the combined video data to a player for playing.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for fast switching a multicast channel based on TCP, comprising the following steps:
receiving source multicast signals and preprocessing received multicast channel data;
identifying the initial position of the I frame, storing video data and managing;
acquiring video data from a storage unit;
and combining and playing the video data.
Further, the step of preprocessing the received multicast channel data further comprises,
the multicast preprocessing forwarding service end carries out I frame identification on the multicast channel data;
and sending the multicast channel data identified by the I frame to a multicast fast switching cache server and a multicast receiving client in a multicast mode.
Further, the step of identifying the start position of the I-frame, storing the video data and managing further comprises,
the multicast fast-switching cache server receives multicast channel data after an I frame identifier sent by a multicast preprocessing forwarding server and identifies the initial position of the I frame;
storing video data from a current I frame to a next I frame as a video data unit into a corresponding I frame storage unit;
and managing the corresponding relation between the storage unit and the multicast address of the channel and the PTS time stamp of the I frame.
Further, the step of retrieving the video data from the storage unit further comprises,
the multicast receiving client requests the last I-frame video data from the multicast fast-switching cache server in a TCP communication mode;
and the multicast receiving client receives the video data sent by the multicast preprocessing forwarding server.
Further, the step of combining and playing the video data further comprises,
the multicast receiving client detects the time stamps of the last I frame video data requested by the multicast fast-switching cache server and the video data received by local multicast;
performing connection judgment according to the timestamp;
if the connection is available, the TCP request with the multicast fast switching cache server is disconnected;
and combining the last I frame video data with the locally received video data, and delivering the combined video data to a player for playing.
When a user switches channels, the system and the method request previous I frame data from a fast channel switching server in a TCP communication mode, then smoothly combine the requested I frame data with locally received multicast data, eliminate I frame waiting time and multicast receiving delay time, and simultaneously prepare enough start-up data for a player, thereby achieving the purpose of fast switching channels.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of a TCP based multicast channel fast switching system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a TCP based fast switching method for multicast channels according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the effect of fast 4K channel switching according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a TCP-based multicast channel fast switching system according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the TCP-based multicast channel fast switching system according to the present invention includes a multicast preprocessing forwarding server 10, a multicast fast switching cache server 20, and a multicast receiving client 30, wherein,
the multicast preprocessing forwarding server 10 is responsible for receiving source multicast signals and preprocessing the received multicast channel data, so as to facilitate the fast identification of the multicast fast switching cache server 20 or the multicast receiving client 30. In the invention, the multicast preprocessing forwarding server 10 preprocesses the received multicast channel data, i.e. identifies the received multicast channel data by an I-frame, so that the multicast fast switching cache server 20 or the multicast receiving client 30 can quickly identify the initial position of the I-frame. The preprocessed multicast channel data (the multicast channel data identified by the I frame) is sent to the multicast fast-switching cache server 20 and the multicast receiving client 30 in a multicast form.
A multicast fast-switching cache server 20, which joins in the multicast group of all live channels, receives multicast channel data after the I-frame identification sent by the multicast preprocessing forwarding server 10, identifies the starting position of the I-frame, stores video data as a video data unit from the current I-frame to the next I-frame into a corresponding I-frame storage unit, and manages the corresponding relationship between the storage unit and the multicast address of the channel and the PTS timestamp of the I-frame; and meanwhile, fast switching requests of all multicast receiving clients 30 are intercepted, according to the channel multicast address in the fast switching request, the storage unit of the last I frame corresponding to the multicast address is inquired, and video data in the storage unit is acquired and fed back to the multicast receiving clients 30. For example, request parameter examples: PLAYUdp://225.1.1.1:50100 ITVFCC/1.0\ r \ n \ r \ n, where 225.1.1.1 is the multicast address of the channel.
When the user switches the channel, the multicast receiving client 30 requests the last I-frame video data from the multicast fast-switching cache server 20, and then smoothly combines the requested last I-frame video data with the locally received video data, so as to eliminate the I-frame waiting time and the multicast receiving delay time, and simultaneously prepare enough start-up data for the player, thereby achieving the purpose of fast switching the channels. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) requesting the last I frame video data from the multicast fast-switching cache server 20 by using a TCP communication mode;
2) meanwhile, receiving the video data sent by the multicast preprocessing forwarding server 10;
3) and detecting the timestamp of the last I-frame video data requested by the multicast fast-switching cache server 20 and the video data received by local multicast, disconnecting the TCP request of the multicast fast-switching cache server 20 when the connection is found, and smoothly combining the last I-frame video data requested by the multicast fast-switching cache server 20 and the video data received by local multicast and delivering the combined video data to a player for playing.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a TCP-based multicast channel fast switching method according to the present invention, and the TCP-based multicast channel fast switching method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
First, in step 201, a source multicast signal is received, and received multicast channel data is preprocessed. In this step, the multicast preprocessing forwarding service end 10 receives the source multicast signal, performs I-frame identification on the received multicast channel data, so that the downstream service or the client can quickly identify the starting position of the I-frame, and then sends the multicast channel data identified by the I-frame to the multicast fast-switching cache service and the multicast receiving client in a multicast form.
In step 202, the start position of the I frame is identified, and video data is stored and managed. Specifically, in this step, the multicast fast-switching cache server 20 receives multicast channel data after an I-frame identifier sent by the multicast preprocessing forwarding server 10, identifies an I-frame starting position, stores video data from a current I-frame to a next I-frame as a video data unit in a corresponding I-frame storage unit, and manages a correspondence between the storage unit and a multicast address of a channel and a PTS timestamp of the I-frame.
In step 203, video data is retrieved from a storage unit. Specifically, in this step, when receiving the channel switched by the user, the multicast receiving client 30 requests the multicast fast-switching cache server 20 for the last I-frame video data in a TCP communication manner; after the multicast fast-switching cache server 20 monitors the fast-switching request of the multicast receiving client 30, according to the channel multicast address in the fast-switching request parameter, the storage unit of the last I frame corresponding to the multicast address is queried, the video data of the last I frame in the storage unit is obtained, and the video data is fed back to the multicast receiving client 30.
In step 204, the video data is combined and played. Specifically, in this step, the multicast receiving client 30 receives video data sent by the multicast preprocessing forwarding server 20, and when detecting that the timestamp of the last video data requested by the multicast fast-switching caching server 20 can be joined with the timestamp of the video data received by local multicast, disconnects the TCP request to the multicast fast-switching caching server 20, and then smoothly combines the requested last I-frame video data with the video data received locally, and delivers the combined video data to the player for playing.
Fig. 3 is an effect diagram of fast channel switching of 4K channels according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, fast channel switching of 4K channels is performed, where the code stream: 27M, the time from the start of the station switching to the acquisition of the valid data is 82ms, and the time from the reception of the station switching request to the preparation of the player is 306 ms.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A TCP-based multicast channel fast switching system comprises a multicast preprocessing forwarding server, a multicast fast switching cache server and a multicast receiving client, and is characterized in that,
the multicast preprocessing forwarding server receives the information source multicast signals and preprocesses the received multicast channel data;
the multicast fast-switching cache server identifies the initial position of the frame I of the multicast channel data, and stores and manages the video data in a corresponding storage unit;
and the multicast receiving client combines and plays the video data acquired from the multicast fast-switching cache server with the video data received by the local multicast.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the multicast preprocessing forwarding server performs I-frame identification on the multicast channel data, and sends the multicast channel data after I-frame identification to the multicast fast-switching cache server and the multicast receiving client in a multicast form.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the multicast fast-switch cache server identifies an I-frame starting position from the multicast channel data identified by the I-frame, and stores video data from a current I-frame to a next I-frame as a video data unit in a corresponding I-frame storage unit; and managing the corresponding relation between the storage unit and the multicast address of the channel and the PTS time stamp of the I frame.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the multicast fast-switching cache server intercepts the fast-switching request from the multicast receiving client, and queries the corresponding storage unit of the previous I frame according to the channel multicast address in the fast-switching request, obtains the video data in the storage unit, and feeds back the video data to the multicast receiving client.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the multicast receiving client requests the multicast fast switching cache server for the last I-frame video data in a TCP communication manner; receiving video data sent by the multicast preprocessing forwarding server; and detecting the time stamp of the last I frame video data acquired from the multicast fast-switching cache server and the video data received by local multicast, and when the connection is found, disconnecting the TCP request, combining the last I frame video data and the video data received by local multicast, and delivering the combined video data to a player for playing.
6. A multicast channel fast switching method based on TCP includes the following steps:
receiving source multicast signals and preprocessing received multicast channel data;
identifying the initial position of the I frame, storing video data and managing;
acquiring video data from a storage unit;
and combining and playing the video data.
7. The TCP based multicast channel fast switching method according to claim 6, wherein the step of preprocessing the received multicast channel data further comprises,
the multicast preprocessing forwarding service end carries out I frame identification on the multicast channel data;
and sending the multicast channel data identified by the I frame to a multicast fast switching cache server and a multicast receiving client in a multicast mode.
8. The TCP based multicast channel fast switching method according to claim 6, wherein the steps of identifying a start position of an I frame, storing video data and managing further comprise,
the multicast fast-switching cache server receives multicast channel data after an I frame identifier sent by a multicast preprocessing forwarding server and identifies the initial position of the I frame;
storing video data from a current I frame to a next I frame as a video data unit into a corresponding I frame storage unit;
and managing the corresponding relation between the storage unit and the multicast address of the channel and the PTS time stamp of the I frame.
9. The TCP-based multicast channel fast switching method according to claim 6, wherein said step of retrieving video data from a storage unit further comprises,
the multicast fast switching cache server receives video data sent by a multicast preprocessing forwarding server;
storing video data from a current I frame to a next I frame as a video data unit into a corresponding I frame storage unit;
and the multicast receiving client requests the multicast fast switching cache server for the last I-frame video data by using a TCP communication mode.
10. The TCP-based multicast channel zapping method as described in claim 6, wherein said step of combining and playing video data further comprises,
the multicast receiving client detects the time stamps of the last I frame video data requested by the multicast fast-switching cache server and the video data received by local multicast;
performing connection judgment according to the timestamp;
if the connection is available, the TCP request with the multicast fast switching cache server is disconnected;
and combining the last I frame video data with the locally received video data, and delivering the combined video data to a player for playing.
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| CN113852856A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-12-28 | 天翼数字生活科技有限公司 | Method for quickly switching channels |
| CN113852856B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2024-04-26 | 天翼数字生活科技有限公司 | Method for fast switching channels |
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