CN111075487A - Anchor rod with function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling - Google Patents
Anchor rod with function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN111075487A CN111075487A CN201911406796.XA CN201911406796A CN111075487A CN 111075487 A CN111075487 A CN 111075487A CN 201911406796 A CN201911406796 A CN 201911406796A CN 111075487 A CN111075487 A CN 111075487A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 36
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
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- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an anchor rod with a function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling, which comprises a rod body and an anchor head, wherein a grouting through hole I is formed in the rod body along the axial direction of the rod body; the assembly sleeve I comprises a plurality of mutually spliced lantern rings, a fixing groove is formed in the end face of one side of each lantern ring along the circumferential direction of the lantern ring, a fixing fixture block is arranged on the end face of the other side of each lantern ring along the circumferential direction of the lantern ring, and during use, the fixing fixture block of the lantern ring is inserted into the fixing groove of the adjacent lantern ring to form the assembly sleeve I. Compared with the prior art, the anchor rod provided by the invention has the advantages that the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor is arranged on the sleeve I consisting of the plurality of lantern rings, the force of extrusion and torsion of the rod body on the sensor is reduced by utilizing the combined structure of the lantern rings, and the sensor is prevented from being damaged or falling to lose efficacy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction and monitoring of tunnels and underground engineering, in particular to an anchor rod with a function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling.
Background
At present, the most construction method adopted by underground caverns in China is the Xinao method. In the construction process of the new Olympic method, the deformation and stress of the surrounding rock need to be closely monitored, the deformation is controlled by grasping the deformation of the surrounding rock of the underground cavern in the construction process and timely adjusting the support measures, so that the self-stabilizing bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is fully exerted, the dangerous situation of the surrounding rock is timely forecasted, and the safe construction is guided, and the construction parameters or the construction procedures are corrected.
However, the existing deformation monitoring tools for underground caverns are mainly divided into convergence meter monitoring, embedded monitoring and instrument type anchor rod monitoring, and basically have self defects. Convergence meter monitoring is limited to intermittent motion readings and low accuracy, typically 0.1 mm. Furthermore, convergence measurements and surface mounted extensometers only monitor changes in the excavation surface, which may not be able to monitor strain changes within the rock mass. Embedded monitoring tools, such as borehole extensometers, provide measurements of rock depth, multi-rod extensometers can provide detailed data up to 10-20 points per hole, however, with embedded monitoring methods, the larger the volume of the different capacity materials in the whole rock mass, the larger the initial stress field of the whole rock mass will be disturbed, the larger the strain deflection, potentially causing extensometers to fall out and fail, the size of the borehole increases with the number of rods, and larger boreholes can reduce the ability of the extensometers to accurately measure deformation in the rock. Multi-wire extensometers may be installed in smaller boreholes than multiple rod extensometers, but are less accurate due to the difficulty in reproducing the tension levels in the wires and the creep and kinks in the wires. Strain gage wire borehole extensometers from multiple rods and wires typically make measurements periodically and manually, and do not allow for continuous measurements. Instrumented rock bolts are also used for strain monitoring in mines. For ground control purposes, rock bolts require a minimum load to be applied to the bolt, but when the load exceeds the tensile strength of the bolt, the bolt and the rock mass will fail. The load on the rock bolt or strain gauge along the length of the bolt can be monitored by sensors at the rock bolt head. However, rock bolts are generally harder than the surrounding rock mass, which results in mortar slip between the bolt and the rock. Due to the stiffness contrast between the rock and the bolt, the strain measurement in the rock mass is inaccurate.
Therefore, a better measurement effect can be obtained by adopting an embedded monitoring method, but because the volume of materials with different capacities in the complete rock mass is larger, the larger the disturbance on the initial stress field of the complete rock mass is, the larger the strain deflection is, the tensile force of different angles on the rod body in surrounding rocks can extrude and twist the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor, and the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor is damaged or falls off and fails. Especially in the current engineering practice, in order to obtain all data of monitoring point country rock strain, generally need arrange a plurality of sensors in a monitoring position, a plurality of sensors set up on same body of rod, also can overstock between the sensor, lead to damaging or drop failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that a fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor is easy to damage or fall out and lose efficacy in the process of monitoring the deformation of an underground cavern in an embedded mode in the prior art, and provides an anchor rod with the function of measuring the strain and temperature coupling of surrounding rock.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the anchor rod with the function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling comprises a rod body and an anchor head, wherein a grouting through hole I is formed in the rod body along the axial direction of the rod body, threads are arranged on the outer side wall of the rod body, an assembly sleeve I in threaded connection with the rod body is sleeved on the rod body, and a plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensors are arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the assembly sleeve I; the assembly sleeve I comprises a plurality of mutually spliced lantern rings, a fixing groove is formed in the end face of one side of each lantern ring along the circumferential direction of the lantern ring, a fixing fixture block is arranged on the end face of the other side of each lantern ring along the circumferential direction of the lantern ring, and during use, the fixing fixture block of the lantern ring is inserted into the fixing groove of the adjacent lantern ring to form the assembly sleeve I.
The deformation condition of an underground cavern is often detected by adopting an embedded monitoring method in the prior art, and as the volumes of materials with different capacities in a complete rock body are larger, the initial stress field of the complete rock body is subjected to larger disturbance, larger strain deflection, and the rod body is subjected to different-angle tensile forces in surrounding rocks, so that the sensor can be extruded and twisted, and the sensor is damaged or falls off and fails. Especially in current engineering practice, in order to obtain all data of monitoring point country rock strain, generally need arrange a plurality of sensors in a monitoring position, a plurality of sensors set up on same body of rod, and along body of rod axial distribution, also can extrude between the sensor, lead to damaging or drop out inefficacy. Because the length of the rod body is longer, the force generated by the strain of surrounding rock received by each section in the hole is different, when the force is transmitted to a certain section of the rod body, the section of the rod body can be influenced by different extrusion or torsion forces, the technical scheme arranges the sensor on the sleeve outside the rod body, when the force received by the rod body is transmitted to the sleeve, the force acting on the sleeve can be reduced by the connection of the rod body and the sleeve, for example, when the rod body is twisted along the circumference, the sleeve is sleeved on the rod body, the torsion force transmitted by the rod body to the sleeve is less, so that the sensor on the sleeve can not be extruded or drawn due to the torsion of the rod body, and the sensor is prevented from falling off the rod body; in addition, this technical scheme still sets up the sleeve into a plurality of lantern rings that pass through fixed fixture block and fixed slot joint, be equipped with the sensor on the outer circumferential wall of every lantern ring respectively, divide into the lantern ring of combination with the sleeve, when the sleeve receives the power that comes from the body of rod, power is transmitted to another lantern ring from a lantern ring, compare the power that whole a sleeve received, the power that every lantern ring received can be alleviated at the junction of the lantern ring, the power that makes receive is less than the power that whole a sleeve received, it receives the power that comes from the body of rod extrusion to reduce the sensor, torsional, avoid the sensor to damage or fall the inefficacy from the body of rod.
In addition, among the prior art anchor rod slip casting and arranging measuring sensor generally divide two steps to go on, the process is complicated, work efficiency is low, this technical scheme will meet an emergency and temperature measuring device sets up on the anchor rod body, insert the slip casting in-process at the anchor rod, can once accomplish anchor rod slip casting and arrange measuring sensor, saved the construction process of rearranging the sensor monitoring strain of country rock to improve the work efficiency of construction, reduced the process of construction, reduced the degree of difficulty and the cost of construction. According to the technical scheme, the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor measures the stress of surrounding rocks, the fiber Bragg grating sensor is not easily influenced by light source change and bending aging of optical fibers due to the fact that sensing signals are subjected to wavelength modulation, and therefore the transmission signal has longer stability, fewer leads are needed than a resistance-type sensor, the remote measurement can be achieved by utilizing the optical fiber transmission function, strain and temperature values can be directly read on a microcomputer, the fiber Bragg grating sensor is applicable to a universal and lasting monitoring structure mode, and the requirement that a measuring device is deeply buried in the surrounding rocks for a long time is met.
It should be noted that in the technical scheme, a grout outlet is arranged in the anchor head, one end of the grout outlet is communicated with the grouting through hole I, the opening of the other end of the grout outlet is positioned on the outer wall of the anchor head, and the grout outlet is communicated with the anchor hole; a grouting through hole VI for injecting grout into the anchor rod is formed in one end, far away from the anchor head, of the anchor rod body, one end of the grouting through hole VI is communicated with the grouting through hole I, and the other end of the grouting through hole VI is connected with external grouting equipment; the anchor rod body is further provided with a nut, an arched base plate, a grouting exhaust hole and a grout stopping plug at a position far away from the anchor head, and the nut, the arched base plate, the grouting exhaust hole and the grout stopping plug are arranged according to the prior art; the anchor rod further comprises a laser inquiry box, the laser inquiry box is connected with the strain and temperature measuring device through a lead, and the strain and temperature measuring device and the laser inquiry box are both connected with a USP power supply; in the technical scheme, one fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensor can be arranged on one lantern ring, and a plurality of fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensors can also be annularly arranged along the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring, the fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensors are arranged according to the actual engineering requirements, but in order to ensure the completeness and accuracy of measured data, at least more than two fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensors are arranged along the axial direction of a rod body, namely at least two lantern rings are arranged; because the anchor eye degree of depth is big, and the country rock condition around the anchor eye is complicated, consequently set up more and set up more fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensor along the body of rod axial, measuring effect is better, consequently this technical scheme has better utility to the underground cavern that needs the axial to set up more fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensor.
Furthermore, a grouting groove is formed in the inner circumferential wall of the lantern ring along the circumferential direction of the inner circle of the lantern ring, and a grouting through hole II communicated with the grouting groove is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring.
Bury the in-process that the underground used for a long time at the stock, because the country rock stress, there is great interact power between the body of rod and the lantern ring, the lantern ring that sets up in the body of rod outside can receive from the body of rod extrusion, torsional power, use conventional thread tightening, the body of rod is not inseparable with lantern ring connection, adopt rivet fastening, utilize the rivet connection that runs through between the body of rod and the lantern ring, when the body of rod overstock or twist reverse, the rivet breaks easily, to this technical scheme set up the slip casting groove in lantern ring inner circumference wall, utilize the thick liquid to form curved connecting piece between the lantern ring and the body of rod, play the connection effect to lantern ring and body of rod, the connecting piece that the thick liquid formed also can cushion the lantern ring and the body of rod between the effort in addition, it receives from the body of rod extrusion to. Preferably, the grouting groove is annular along the circumferential direction of the inner circle of the lantern ring; preferably, a blind hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the grouting groove, of the rod body; preferably, the grouting through holes II are distributed annularly along the outer circumference of the lantern ring. The slurry in the technical scheme is preferably chemical slurry, the chemical slurry is low in viscosity, good in fluidity and good in filling performance, small holes can be filled, and the slurry can better enter the grouting through hole II to fill the grouting groove; and chemical grout, such as acrylamide, can form an elastic polymer, which is beneficial to buffering the extrusion force to which the lantern ring is subjected.
Furthermore, the aperture of an opening end of the grouting through hole II, which is positioned on the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring, is R, the aperture of an opening end of the grouting through hole II, which is communicated with the grouting groove, is R, and R is larger than R; an exhaust hole I is formed in the wall of the sleeve ring, two open ends of the exhaust hole I are respectively flush with two end faces of the sleeve ring, and the exhaust holes of two adjacent sleeve rings in the sleeve I are communicated when the sleeve I is used; the slip casting trench is located one side of the lantern ring close to the anchor head, an exhaust hole II is formed in the wall of the lantern ring, one end of the exhaust hole II is opened on the inner side wall of the slip casting trench far away from the anchor head, and the other end of the exhaust hole II is communicated with the exhaust hole I.
The technical scheme is that a side of a grouting through hole II close to the outer wall of a lantern ring is large, a side close to a grouting groove is small, so that grout can be filled in the grouting through hole II all the time in the grouting process, the pressure for extruding the grout in the grouting through hole II towards the grouting groove is enabled to enable the grout to enter the grouting groove faster, the grout enters the grouting groove fast, air in the grouting groove is extruded to enable the pressure in the groove to be increased, the grouting speed is reduced to enable the grout in the groove not to fill the whole grouting groove after grouting is completed, or air which does not escape forms an air cavity in the grout to influence the grouting effect, and the connection effect of the lantern ring and a rod body is further influenced, therefore, an exhaust hole I and an exhaust hole II are further arranged in the lantern ring, external grout enters the grouting through hole I in the rod body from a tail grouting through hole VI and then enters an anchor hole from a grout outlet on an anchor head, and the grout is gradually filled in the open end of the anchor hole from the bottom, namely, therefore, the grout can reach the end surface of the lantern ring close to the anchor head firstly in the grouting process, the technical scheme is provided with the exhaust hole I and the exhaust hole II, the grout entering the grouting groove in the grouting process firstly fills up one end of the grouting groove close to the anchor hole, and air in the grouting groove escapes from one end, which is positioned at the lantern ring and far away from the anchor hole, of the vent hole II through the vent hole II, so that in the case that the grouting groove is not completely filled with grout, an air outlet hole II which is arranged in the grouting groove and used for air escape is always separated from the level of the grouting liquid in the grouting groove, so that air can escape continuously, the extruded air can quickly escape along the exhaust holes I and II in the slurry injection process, so that the slurry filled in the grouting grooves can quickly fill the grouting grooves, the grouting grooves can be quickly filled with the slurry in the grouting process without air cavities, the lantern rings and the rod body are tightly connected, and the lantern rings are prevented from falling off in the long-term use process; this technical scheme sets up I both ends in exhaust hole and extends to lantern ring both sides terminal surface respectively, and all exhaust holes I can communicate when making a plurality of lantern ring combinations.
Preferably, the positions of the two open ends of the grouting through hole II projected onto the axis of the rod body are different, wherein the projection point of the open end of the grouting through hole II communicated with the grouting groove is close to the point of the anchor head on the axis of the rod body, and the projection point of the grouting through hole II positioned at the open end of the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring is far away from the point of the anchor head on the axis of the rod body; preferably, the aperture of the grouting through hole II is increased along the direction of the inner wall of the lantern ring pointing to the outer wall of the lantern ring.
Furthermore, the cross section of the fixing groove increases progressively along the direction from the groove bottom to the open end, and when the fixing fixture block is inserted into the fixing groove, a gap is formed between the fixing fixture block and the side wall of the fixing groove close to the open end; and a grouting through hole III communicated with the fixing groove is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring.
This technical scheme sets up the fixed slot cross section and increases progressively along the directional groove face direction of tank bottom, and in fixed fixture block inserted the fixed slot, fixed fixture block was gapped with the lateral wall that the fixed slot is close to the groove face to set up slip casting through-hole III, when the stock slip casting, the clearance can be filled to the thick liquid, makes the junction of two lantern rings fill the thick liquid as the buffering, reduces the sensor and receives to come from the body of rod extrusion, torsional power, avoids the sensor to damage or from the body of rod inefficacy that drops. Preferably, the grouting groove is annular; preferably, the fixed slot is communicated with the grouting slot, so that when gaps are formed between the fixed fixture block and the side walls of the two sides, close to the slot surface, of the fixed slot, the gaps can be filled with grout.
Furthermore, an installation groove is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring along the circumferential direction of the outer circle of the lantern ring, a baffle I is arranged at the opening end of the installation groove, and the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor is arranged in the installation groove.
This technical scheme sets up cyclic annular mounting groove at the outer periphery wall of the lantern ring, makes fiber bragg grating meet an emergency and temperature sensor fix in the mounting groove, prevents that the sensor from droing, and in addition, baffle I of mounting groove open end can also slow down the surrounding rock to the extrusion of sensor in the mounting groove except being used for fixed sensor, avoids the sensor to damage or from the body of rod inefficacy that drops.
Furthermore, the lantern ring comprises two semi-rings, is equipped with buckle and draw-in groove respectively at semi-ring both sides terminal surface, during the use, constitutes the lantern ring in inserting the draw-in groove of another semi-ring with the buckle of a semi-ring.
Because when the engineering was used, the anchor eye was darker, and the anchor eye rock condition probably is different in the different degree of depth, often will set up measuring device to a certain degree of depth or some degree of depth, and it is inconvenient to adopt the fixed measuring device who sets up on the stock, and this technical scheme sets up the lantern ring into two semi-rings, when needs set up measuring equipment at a certain degree of depth, only need can at this anchor rod position installation lantern ring that the measurement degree of depth corresponds.
Further, a protection assembly is further arranged on the outer side wall of the rod body, the protection assembly comprises a movable sleeve, a fixed sleeve I, a fixed sleeve II, a baffle II and a supporting unit, the movable sleeve, the fixed sleeve I and the fixed sleeve II are sequentially sleeved on the outer side wall of the rod body along the axial direction of the rod body, the supporting unit comprises a connecting rod I, a connecting rod II and a connecting rod III, one end of the connecting rod I is hinged on the outer circumferential wall of the movable sleeve, the other end of the connecting rod I is hinged on the baffle II, one end of the connecting rod II is hinged on the outer circumferential wall of the fixed sleeve I, the other end of the connecting rod II is hinged on the baffle II, one end of the connecting rod III is hinged; when the device is used, the movable sleeve is close to the fixed sleeve I along the axial direction of the rod body, and the connecting rod I drives the baffle II to move in the direction far away from the rod body; the assembling sleeve I is arranged between the fixing sleeve I and the fixing sleeve II.
Because there are some loose rocks often in the anchor eye, deformation is great, and partial rock mass can direct contact the stock body of rod after long-term the installation even, destroys the sensor that sets up on the stock body of rod. To this problem, this technical scheme has set up the protection component on the body of rod lateral wall, utilizes the movable sleeve in the subassembly to drive baffle II and struts, can open different displacements to different anchor eye apertures, and baffle II and country rock direct contact play the effect of protection sensor.
Furthermore, the baffle plates II are arranged in a plurality and are distributed along the outer side of the rod body in an annular mode, and a gap is reserved between every two adjacent baffle plates II; the supporting units are provided with a plurality of groups, and a group of supporting units is arranged on two side walls of each baffle II.
According to the technical scheme, the plurality of baffles II are arranged, and an annular protective cover can be formed around the anchor rod body in the circumferential direction, so that the sensor is prevented from being damaged; in addition, because fiber bragg grating meets an emergency and temperature sensor measures, only along the partial position measurement country rock stress of lantern ring circumference, this technical scheme is gapped between two adjacent baffles II, when will assembling sleeve I and set up between activity sleeve and fixed sleeve I, fiber bragg grating meets an emergency and the measurement position on the temperature sensor aims at the clearance of two adjacent baffles II, can utilize baffle II to protect fiber bragg grating to meet an emergency and temperature sensor, in addition still provides the measurement site that supplies the sensor to measure.
Furthermore, a bearing is sleeved in the movable sleeve, the movable sleeve is connected with the outer ring of the bearing, threads matched with the rod body are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the inner ring of the bearing, and threads matched with the rod body are arranged on the inner circumferential walls of the fixed sleeve I and the fixed sleeve II.
This technical scheme sets up the bearing, and rolling bearing makes movable sleeve be close to along body of rod axle towards fixed sleeve I during the use, and its inner race rotates along the screw thread among the bearing rotation process, and the outer lane does not rotate, and consequently movable sleeve can not rotate when the bearing rotates. Preferably, the protection assembly further comprises a gasket, and after the assembling sleeve I and the protection assembly are arranged on the rod body, the gasket is respectively inserted between the bearing, the fixing sleeve I, the fixing sleeve II and the rod body to fix the protection assembly; or the side wall of the rod body is welded with the limiting bearing, the fixing sleeve I and the fixing sleeve II to limit the axial displacement of the rod body.
Furthermore, grouting through holes IV are formed in the movable sleeve, the fixed sleeve I, the fixed sleeve II and the bearing circumferential wall along the radial direction of the rod body.
This technical scheme passes through set up slip casting through-hole IV on movable sleeve, fixed sleeve I, fixed sleeve II and the bearing circumference wall, utilize the thick liquid to fill up the clearance between bearing, fixed sleeve I and fixed sleeve II and the body of rod, make movable sleeve, fixed sleeve I and fixed sleeve II be connected with the body of rod inseparabler. Preferably, annular grooves are formed in the inner circumferential walls of the bearing, the fixed sleeve I and the fixed sleeve II along the circumferential direction of the inner circle, the annular grooves are communicated with the grouting through hole IV, and slurry is filled in the annular grooves during grouting, so that the movable sleeve, the fixed sleeve I and the fixed sleeve II are connected with the rod body more tightly; preferably, a blind hole is formed at the position of the rod body corresponding to the annular groove.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the prior art that anchor rod grouting and arrangement measuring devices are generally carried out in two steps, the process is complex, and the working efficiency is low.
2. Aiming at the fact that the anchor rod body is long, the forces generated by surrounding rock strain of each section of the rod body in a hole are different, when the forces are transmitted to act on a certain section of the rod body, the forces which are extruded or twisted differently on the section can extrude and twist the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor, and the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor are damaged or fall off and fail; the sensor is arranged on the sleeve outside the rod body, when the force applied to the rod body is transmitted to the sleeve, the connection between the rod body and the sleeve can reduce the force applied to the sleeve, the sleeve is also provided with a plurality of lantern rings clamped by the fixed clamping blocks and the fixed grooves, the sensor is respectively arranged on the outer circumferential wall of each lantern ring, the sleeve is divided into combined lantern rings, when the sleeve is applied with the force applied to the rod body, the force is transmitted from one lantern ring to the other lantern ring, compared with the force applied to the whole sleeve, the force applied to each lantern ring is relieved at the joint of the lantern rings, the applied force is smaller than the force applied to the whole sleeve, the force applied to the sensor by the rod body is reduced, and the sensor is prevented from being damaged or from falling off and losing efficacy from the rod body.
3. Because there are some loose rocks often in the anchor eye, deformation is great, and partial rock mass can direct contact the stock body of rod after long-term the installation even, destroys the sensor that sets up on the stock body of rod. Aiming at the problem, the protective component is arranged on the outer side wall of the rod body, the movable sleeve in the component is utilized to drive the baffle II to be unfolded, different displacements can be unfolded aiming at different anchor hole apertures, and the baffle II is in direct contact with surrounding rocks, so that the sensor is protected, and the sensor is prevented from being damaged or falling off from the rod body to lose efficacy.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock bolt with a function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a half-ring structure of the collar;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the collar;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the collar;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the shield assembly and the mounting sleeve I;
1-rod body, 101-grouting through hole I, 2-anchor head, 3-grout stop plug, 4-assembly sleeve I, 401-lantern ring, 402-fixing groove, 403-fixing fixture block, 404-grouting groove, 405-grouting through hole II, 406-buckle, 407-clamping groove, 408-grouting through hole III, 409-mounting groove, 410-baffle I, 411-vent I, 412-vent II, 413-vent III, 5-protection component, 501-movable sleeve, 5011-bearing, 502-fixing sleeve I, 503-fixing sleeve II, 504-baffle II, 505-connecting rod I, 506-connecting rod II, 507-connecting rod III, 508-grouting through hole IV, 6-arched base plate, 7-nut, 8-laser inquiry box, 9-grouting exhaust holes and 10-anchor holes.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-4, the anchor rod with the function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling comprises a rod body 1 and an anchor head 2, wherein a grouting through hole i 101 is formed in the rod body 1 along the axial direction of the rod body 1, threads are formed on the outer side wall of the rod body 1, an assembly sleeve i 4 in threaded connection with the rod body 1 is sleeved on the rod body 1, and a plurality of fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensors are arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the assembly sleeve i 4; the assembly sleeve I4 comprises a plurality of mutually spliced lantern rings 401, a fixing groove 402 is formed in the end face of one side of each lantern ring 401 along the circumferential direction of the lantern ring 401, a fixing clamping block 403 is arranged on the end face of the other side of each lantern ring 401 along the circumferential direction of the lantern ring 401, and in use, the fixing clamping block 403 of each lantern ring 401 is inserted into the fixing groove 402 of the adjacent lantern ring 401 to form the assembly sleeve I4. Preferably, the rod body is made of polymer glass fiber resin material and has the characteristics of light weight and tensile strength. Set up the sensor on sleeve I in the body of rod outside in this embodiment, when the power that receives on the body of rod transmits sleeve I on, the body of rod can slow down the power that acts on sleeve I with being connected of sleeve I, a plurality of lantern ring settings of sleeve I simultaneously, when making the sleeve receive the power that comes from the body of rod, power is transmitted to another lantern ring from a lantern ring, compare the power that whole a sleeve received, the power that every lantern ring received can be alleviated in the junction of the lantern ring, the power that makes and receive is less than the power that whole a sleeve received, it receives the extrusion from the body of rod to reduce the sensor, torsional power, avoid the sensor to damage or drop failure from the body of rod.
In the embodiment, a grout outlet is arranged in the anchor head 2, one end of the grout outlet is communicated with the grouting through hole I, the opening at the other end of the grout outlet is positioned on the outer wall of the anchor head 2, and the grout outlet is communicated with the anchor hole; a grouting through hole VI for injecting grout into the anchor rod 2 is formed in one end, far away from the anchor head 2, of the anchor rod body 1, one end of the grouting through hole VI is communicated with the grouting through hole I, and the other end of the grouting through hole VI is connected with external grouting equipment; in the embodiment, a nut 7, an arched base plate 6, a grouting exhaust hole 9 and a grout stop plug 3 are arranged at the position of the anchor rod body 1 far away from the anchor head 2 according to a conventional method; the anchor rod 2 further comprises a laser inquiry box 8, the laser inquiry box 8 is connected with a strain and temperature measuring device through a lead, and the strain and temperature measuring device and the laser inquiry box 8 are both connected with a USP power supply.
The fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensor used in the embodiment is a SmartFBG fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensor; preferably, a fiber bragg grating strain and temperature sensor is disposed on one of the collars 401.
The calculation process of the anchor rod to the surrounding rock strain provided by the embodiment is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a laser interrogation box records 2Hz wavelength data transmitted by a fiber Bragg grating sensor, the wavelength data are staggered to one point per second through a microcomputer in the laser interrogation box to be sorted, and written into a text file, and finally, original wavelength data are converted into strain and temperature measurement values by using a formula, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps:
1. the fiber bragg grating sensor acquires the measured wavelength of the bragg and transmits the acquired data to the laser interrogation box.
2. The microcomputer in the laser interrogation box calculates the initial strain of the surrounding rock according to the following calculation formula:
εraw＝Δλ/λ0×FGin which epsilonrawRepresenting the initial strain of the surrounding rock, Δ λ representing the varying wavelength of the Bragg, λ0And FGRepresenting the reference wavelength and the strain coefficient, both constants provided by the laser interrogation box.
3. The microcomputer in the laser interrogation box calculates the thermal strain of the surrounding rock according to the following calculation formula:
εthermal＝ΔT[(C1/FG)+CTEg-C2]in which epsilonthermalRepresenting the thermal strain of the surrounding rock,. DELTA.T representing the change in temperature, C1、C2Indicating the thermo-optic coefficient and the coefficient of thermal expansion correction, CTE, provided by the laser interrogation boxgRepresenting the thermal expansion coefficient of the surrounding rock.
4. The microcomputer in the laser interrogation box calculates the corrected temperature of the surrounding rock, and the calculation formula is as follows:
T＝c3(λ+λos)3+c2(λ+λos)2+c1(λ+λos)+c0wherein T represents the corrected temperature of the surrounding rock, C3、C2、C1、C0Optical fiber emissivity, λ, provided by a laser interrogation boxosThe wavelength constant provided for the laser interrogation box, λ represents the measured wavelength of the fiber bragg grating sensor, λ ═ 2n Λ, Λ is the grating period, and n is the effective refractive index of the fiber core.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: a grouting groove 404 is formed in the inner circumferential wall of the lantern ring 401 along the inner circumferential direction of the lantern ring 401, and a grouting through hole II 405 communicated with the grouting groove 404 is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring 401. The cross section of the fixing groove 402 is gradually increased along the direction from the groove bottom to the open end, and when the fixing fixture block 403 is inserted into the fixing groove 402, a gap is formed between the fixing fixture block 403 and the side wall of the fixing groove 402 close to the open end; a grouting through hole III 408 communicated with the fixing groove 402 is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the collar 401. Preferably, slip casting through-hole II has a plurality ofly, along the annular distribution of lantern ring outer circumference because bury the in-process that the underground used for a long time at the stock, because country rock stress, there is great interact between the body of rod and the lantern ring, use conventional screw fixation, the body of rod is not inseparable with lantern ring connection, adopt fix with rivet, utilize the rivet that runs through to connect between the body of rod and the lantern ring, when the body of rod is overstocked or is twistd reverse, the rivet is broken easily, this embodiment sets up the slip casting groove at lantern ring inner circumference wall, utilize the thick liquid to form curved connecting piece between the lantern ring and the body of rod, play the connection effect to the lantern ring and the body of rod, the connecting piece that the thick liquid formed also can cushion the acting force between the lantern ring and the body of rod in addition, it. The aperture of the opening end of the grouting through hole II 405, which is positioned on the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring 401, is R, the aperture of the opening end of the grouting through hole II 405, which is communicated with the grouting groove 404, is R, and R is larger than R; an air vent I411 is arranged in the wall of the lantern ring 401, two open ends of the air vent I411 are respectively flush with two end faces of the lantern ring 401, and the air vent 411 of two adjacent lantern rings 401 in the sleeve I4 are communicated when the sleeve I4 is used; the grouting groove 404 is located on one side, close to the anchor head 2, of the lantern ring 401, an exhaust hole II 412 is formed in the wall of the lantern ring 401, one end of the exhaust hole II 412 is opened on the inner side wall, far away from the anchor head 2, of the grouting groove 404, and the other end of the exhaust hole II 412 is communicated with the exhaust hole I411. Preferably, the grouting groove 404 is annular along the circumferential direction of the inner circle of the lantern ring; preferably, a blind hole is formed at a position of the rod body 1 corresponding to the grouting groove 404. Preferably, the fixing groove 402 is communicated with the grouting groove 404, so that when gaps are formed between the fixing fixture block 403 and the side walls of the fixing groove 402 close to the two sides of the groove surface, the gaps can be filled with grout; preferably, when a plurality of collars 401 are combined, all vent holes I411 can communicate. The positions of the two open ends of the grouting through hole II 405 projected on the axis of the rod body are different, wherein the projection point of the open end of the grouting through hole II 405 communicated with the grouting groove 404 is close to the point of the anchor head on the axis of the rod body 1, and the projection point of the grouting through hole II 405 positioned on the open end of the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring 401 is far away from the point of the anchor head 2 on the axis of the rod body 1; preferably, the diameter of the grouting through hole II 405 increases along the direction from the inner wall of the collar 401 to the outer wall of the collar 401. In the embodiment, the side of the grouting through hole II close to the outer wall of the lantern ring is large, the side close to the grouting groove is small, so that the grout can be filled in the grouting through hole II all the time in the grouting process, the pressure for extruding the grout in the grouting through hole II towards the grouting groove is provided, the grout can enter the grouting groove more quickly, the grout can enter the grouting groove quickly, the air in the grouting groove is extruded, the pressure in the groove is increased, the grouting speed is reduced, the grout in the groove does not fill the whole grouting groove after grouting is finished, or air cavities are formed in the grout by the air which does not escape, the grouting effect is influenced, the connection effect of the lantern ring and the rod body is further influenced, therefore, an exhaust hole I and an exhaust hole II are further arranged in the lantern ring, and under the condition that the grout in the grouting groove is not completely filled, the exhaust hole II for escaping the air always has a gap with the grout level in the grouting groove, so that the air, the air that is extruded can be followed exhaust hole I and II rapid escape in exhaust hole at the thick liquid injection in-process, makes the thick liquid that the slip casting groove was filled up fast in the slip casting groove, makes the slip casting groove can be filled up by the thick liquid fast and not have the air cavity at slip casting in-process, makes lantern ring and body of rod connect closely, prevents that the lantern ring from droing in long-term use.
Preferably, an installation groove 409 is arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring 401 along the outer circumferential direction, a baffle I410 is arranged at the opening end of the installation groove 409, and the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor is arranged in the installation groove 409. Preferably, the grouting through hole II 405 is located at one end of the inner wall of the grouting groove 404, close to the side wall of the grouting groove close to the anchor head, and the other end of the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring 401, far away from the end face of the lantern ring 404, close to the anchor head 2. In the embodiment, the annular mounting groove is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring, so that the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor is fixed in the mounting groove, and the sensor is prevented from falling off.
This embodiment is through setting up the slip casting groove at the lantern ring inside wall, utilize the slip casting groove to fill up the slip casting groove and fix the lantern ring and the body of rod, in order to make slip casting in-process thick liquid can get into the slip casting groove fast, it is big to set up one side that is close to lantern ring outer wall with slip casting through-hole II, one side that is close to the slip casting groove is little, one side that is close to the slip casting groove when making the thick liquid pour into can receive great pressure, make thick liquid injection speed fast, in addition still set up exhaust hole I and exhaust hole II in the lantern ring, under the circumstances that the thick liquid was not filled up completely in the slip casting inslot, exhaust hole and slip casting inslot thick liquid level are gapped, make the air constantly effusion, make slip casting in-process slip casting inslot air pressure little, the slip casting speed is fast, the slip casting groove is filled up fast to the thick liquid of.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the lantern ring 401 is composed of two half rings, the end faces of the two sides of each half ring are respectively provided with a buckle 406 and a clamping groove 407, and when the lantern ring is used, the buckle 406 of one half ring is inserted into the clamping groove 407 of the other half ring to form the set of lantern ring 401. Because when the engineering was used, the anchor eye was darker, and the anchor eye rock condition probably is different in the different degree of depth, often will set up measuring device to a certain degree of depth or some degree of depth, and it is inconvenient to adopt the fixed measuring device who sets up on the stock, and this embodiment sets up the lantern ring into two semi-rings, when needs set up measuring equipment at a certain degree of depth, only need be at this anchor rod position installation lantern ring that the measurement depth corresponds, makes things convenient for actual engineering to use.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the outer side wall of the rod body 1 is further provided with a protection component 5, the protection component 5 comprises a movable sleeve 501, a fixed sleeve I502, a fixed sleeve II 503, a baffle II 504 and a support unit, the movable sleeve 501, the fixed sleeve I502 and the fixed sleeve II 503 are sequentially sleeved on the outer side wall of the rod body 1 along the axial direction of the rod body 1, the support unit comprises a connecting rod I505, a connecting rod II 506 and a connecting rod III 507, one end of the connecting rod I505 is hinged to the outer circumferential wall of the movable sleeve 501, the other end of the connecting rod I505 is hinged to the baffle II 504, one end of the connecting rod II 506 is hinged to the outer circumferential wall of the fixed sleeve I502, the other end of the connecting rod II 506 is hinged to the baffle II 504, one end of the connecting rod III 507 is hinged to; when the telescopic rod is used, the movable sleeve 501 is close to the fixed sleeve I502 along the axial direction of the rod body 1, and the connecting rod I505 drives the baffle II 504 to move in the direction far away from the rod body 1; the mounting sleeve I4 is arranged between the fixing sleeve I502 and the fixing sleeve II 503. Because there are some loose rocks often in the anchor eye, deformation is great, and partial rock mass can direct contact the stock body of rod after long-term the installation even, destroys the sensor that sets up on the stock body of rod. To this problem, this embodiment has set up protection component on the body of rod lateral wall, utilizes the movable sleeve in the subassembly to drive baffle II and struts, can open different displacements to different anchor eye apertures, and baffle II and country rock direct contact play the effect of protection sensor. Preferably, the number of the baffles II 504 is multiple, the baffles II 504 are distributed on the outer side of the rod body 1 along an annular shape, and a gap is reserved between every two adjacent baffles II 504; the supporting units are provided with a plurality of groups, and a group of supporting units is arranged on two side walls of each baffle II 504 respectively.
Preferably, a bearing 5011 is sleeved in the movable sleeve 501, the movable sleeve 501 is connected with the outer ring of the bearing 5011, threads matched with the rod body 1 are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the inner ring of the bearing 5011, and threads matched with the rod body 1 are arranged on the inner circumferential walls of the fixed sleeve i 502 and the fixed sleeve ii 503. Preferably, the protection assembly further comprises a gasket, and after the assembling sleeve I and the protection assembly are arranged on the rod body, the gasket is respectively inserted between the bearing, the fixing sleeve I, the fixing sleeve II and the rod body to fix the protection assembly; or the side wall of the rod body is welded with the limiting bearing, the fixing sleeve I and the fixing sleeve II to limit the axial displacement of the rod body.
Preferably, grouting through holes IV 508 are formed in the circumferential walls of the movable sleeve 501, the fixed sleeve I502, the fixed sleeve II 503 and the bearing 5011 along the radial direction of the rod body 1. Preferably, annular grooves are formed in the inner circumferential walls of the bearing 5011, the fixed sleeve I502 and the fixed sleeve II 503 along the inner circumferential direction of the inner circumference, the annular grooves are communicated with the grouting through hole IV, and slurry is filled in the annular grooves during grouting, so that the movable sleeve 501, the fixed sleeve I502 and the fixed sleeve II 503 are connected with the rod body 1 more tightly; preferably, a blind hole is arranged at the position of the rod body 1 corresponding to the annular groove. This embodiment is through all being equipped with slip casting through-hole IV on the outer periphery wall at movable sleeve, fixed sleeve I and fixed sleeve II, utilizes the thick liquid to fill up the clearance between movable sleeve, fixed sleeve I and fixed sleeve II and the body of rod, makes movable sleeve, fixed sleeve I and fixed sleeve II be connected more closely with the body of rod.
This embodiment is through setting up protection component in the body of rod outside, utilizes movable sleeve to strut around II baffles around the body of rod, makes II baffles and country rock direct contact, plays the effect of protection sensor. Because when the engineering was used, the anchor eye is darker, the anchor eye rock condition probably is different in the different degree of depth, often will set up measuring device to certain degree of depth or some degree of depth, to the measurement of the different degree of depth, the position of measuring device installation is also different, in order to adapt to actual engineering needs, this embodiment sets up the protection component to movable, utilizes the mode of inserting the gasket to fix these three sleeve respectively, makes the position setting of protection component on the body of rod more nimble, can adapt to different degree of depth measuring device and set up the demand.
The anchor rod with the function of measuring the surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling provided by the invention has the working process that: 1. drilling an anchor hole 10 in a target part by using an internal combustion drilling machine, and cleaning the anchor hole 10; 2. sleeving the protection component on the rod body 1, moving the movable sleeve 501 to change the position of the baffle II 504, and welding a fixture block on the rod body 1 to fix the fixed protection component on the rod body 1; 3. combining the half rings of the lantern rings 401 to form a half assembling sleeve I4, buckling the two half assembling sleeves I4 on the outer side of the rod body 1 to form a complete assembling sleeve I4, sleeving the assembling sleeve I4 on the rod body 1 between a fixed sleeve I502 and a fixed sleeve II 503, and respectively arranging a plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensors in a plurality of lantern ring 401 mounting grooves 409; 4. inserting the end part of the anchor rod into the bottom of the anchor hole 10, anchoring the anchor rod by using the existing anchoring device, and sealing the anchor hole opening by using the grout stop plug 3; 5. grouting the grouting through hole I through grouting equipment, enabling grout to enter the anchor head 2 from the bottom end of the anchor rod and enter the anchor hole from a grout outlet hole in the anchor head 2, and filling the anchor hole; 6. grout enters a grouting groove 404 from an anchor hole along a grouting through hole 405, air in the grouting groove 404 is extruded by the grout and enters an exhaust hole I411 from an exhaust hole II 412, the grout enters a fixed groove 402, air in the fixed groove 402 is extruded by the grout and enters the exhaust hole I411 from an exhaust hole III 413, and the air escapes from one end, close to the anchor tail, of the exhaust hole I411 because one end, close to the anchor head, of the exhaust hole I411 is sealed by the grout; slurry enters the gaps among the movable sleeve 501, the fixed sleeve I502 and the fixed sleeve II 503 and the rod body 1 from the grouting through hole IV to be more tightly connected with the rod body 1; 7. the method comprises the steps of obtaining the measuring wavelength of the Bragg through a fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor, collecting and arranging data of each step through a laser interrogation box 8 to obtain the strain and temperature conditions of the surrounding rock, monitoring at regular time in the construction process, and correcting the strain measured value of the surrounding rock according to the temperature change value and the calibration result to obtain the strain of the surrounding rock. In addition, strain change of surrounding rock in the grouting process is strictly noticed, so that grouting pressure is adjusted until grouting is full; and monitoring at regular time in the construction process, and correcting the strain measurement value of the surrounding rock according to the temperature change value and the calibration result so as to obtain the strain of the surrounding rock.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The anchor rod with the surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling measuring function comprises a rod body (1) and an anchor head (2), wherein a grouting through hole I (101) is formed in the rod body (1) along the axial direction of the rod body (1), and is characterized in that threads are arranged on the outer side wall of the rod body (1), an assembly sleeve I (4) in threaded connection with the rod body (1) is sleeved on the rod body (1), and a plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensors are arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the assembly sleeve I (4); the assembly sleeve I (4) comprises a plurality of mutually spliced lantern rings (401), a fixing groove (402) is formed in the end face of one side of each lantern ring (401) along the circumferential direction of each lantern ring (401), a fixing clamping block (403) is arranged on the end face of the other side of each lantern ring (401) along the circumferential direction of each lantern ring (401), and during use, the fixing clamping block (403) of each lantern ring (401) is inserted into the fixing groove (402) of the adjacent lantern ring (401).
2. A rock bolt having a surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling function for measuring surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein a grouting groove (404) is formed in an inner circumferential wall of the collar (401) along an inner circumferential direction thereof, and a grouting through hole ii (405) communicating with the grouting groove (404) is formed in an outer circumferential wall of the collar (401).
3. The anchor rod with the function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of an opening end of the grouting through hole II (405) located on the outer circumferential wall of the collar (401) is R, the diameter of an opening end of the grouting through hole II (405) communicated with the grouting groove (404) is R, and R is larger than R; an exhaust hole I (411) is formed in the wall of the lantern ring (401), two open ends of the exhaust hole I (411) are respectively flush with two end faces of the lantern ring (401), and the exhaust holes (411) of two adjacent lantern rings (401) in the sleeve I (4) are communicated when the sleeve I is used; grouting groove (404) are located lantern ring (401) and are close to one side of anchor head (2) be equipped with exhaust hole II (412) in lantern ring (401) wall, and exhaust hole II (412) one end opening sets up on grouting groove (404) keeps away from the inside wall of anchor head (2), and exhaust hole II (412) other end and exhaust hole I (411) communicate.
4. The anchor rod with the function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the fixing groove (402) is increased along the direction from the groove bottom to the open end, and when the fixing fixture block (403) is inserted into the fixing groove (402), the fixing fixture block (403) has a gap with the side wall of the fixing groove (402) close to the open end; and a grouting through hole III (408) communicated with the fixing groove (402) is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring (401).
5. The anchor rod with the function of coupling the strain and the temperature of the surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein an installation groove (409) is arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the lantern ring (401) along the outer circumferential direction, a baffle I (410) is arranged at the opening end of the installation groove (409), and the fiber Bragg grating strain and temperature sensor is arranged in the installation groove (409).
6. The anchor rod with the coupling function for measuring the surrounding rock strain and temperature according to claim 1, wherein the lantern ring (401) is composed of two half rings, the end surfaces of the two sides of the half rings are respectively provided with a buckle (406) and a clamping groove (407), and when in use, the buckle (406) of one half ring is inserted into the clamping groove (407) of the other half ring to form the lantern ring (401).
7. The anchor rod with the function of measuring the coupling between the strain and the temperature of the surrounding rock according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a protective component (5) is further arranged on the outer side wall of the rod body (1), the protective component (5) comprises a movable sleeve (501), a fixed sleeve I (502), a fixed sleeve II (503), a baffle II (504) and a supporting unit, the movable sleeve (501), the fixed sleeve I (502) and the fixed sleeve II (503) are sequentially sleeved on the outer side wall of the rod body (1) along the axial direction of the rod body (1), the supporting unit comprises a connecting rod I (505), a connecting rod II (506) and a connecting rod III (507), one end of the connecting rod I (505) is hinged on the outer circumferential wall of the movable sleeve (501), the other end of the connecting rod I (505) is hinged on the baffle II (504), one end of the connecting rod II (506) is hinged on the outer circumferential wall of, the other end of the connecting rod II (506) is hinged to the baffle II (504), one end of the connecting rod III (507) is hinged to the outer circumferential wall of the fixing sleeve II (503), and the other end of the connecting rod III (507) is hinged to the baffle II (504); when the telescopic rod is used, the movable sleeve (501) is close to the fixed sleeve I (502) along the axial direction of the rod body (1), and the connecting rod I (505) drives the baffle II (504) to move towards the direction far away from the rod body (1); the assembling sleeve I (4) is arranged between the fixing sleeve I (502) and the fixing sleeve II (503).
8. The anchor rod with the function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling according to claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of baffles II (504) are provided, and the plurality of baffles II (504) are distributed along a ring shape outside the rod body (1), and a gap is reserved between two adjacent baffles II (504); the supporting units are provided with a plurality of groups, and a group of supporting units is arranged on two side walls of each baffle II (504).
9. The anchor rod with the function of measuring surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling according to claim 7, characterized in that the movable sleeve (501) is sleeved with a bearing (5011), the movable sleeve (501) is connected with the outer ring of the bearing (5011), the inner circumferential wall of the inner ring of the bearing (5011) is provided with threads matched with the rod body (1), and the inner circumferential walls of the fixed sleeve I (502) and the fixed sleeve II (503) are provided with threads matched with the rod body (1).
10. A rock bolt with a surrounding rock strain and temperature coupling function for measuring surrounding rock according to claim 7, characterized in that a grouting through hole IV (508) is arranged on the circumferential walls of the movable sleeve (501), the fixed sleeve I (502), the fixed sleeve II (503) and the bearing (5011) along the radial direction of the bolt body (1).
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| CN112103576A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-18 | 北京理工大学 | Intelligent battery |
| CN113418639A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-21 | 山东科技大学 | Integrated device for monitoring mining stress of shallow coal seam |
| CN117627705A (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-03-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground engineering support monitoring equipment and underground engineering support monitoring method |
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