CN111060018B - Sample form monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Sample form monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111060018B CN111060018B CN201911310402.0A CN201911310402A CN111060018B CN 111060018 B CN111060018 B CN 111060018B CN 201911310402 A CN201911310402 A CN 201911310402A CN 111060018 B CN111060018 B CN 111060018B
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Abstract
A sample form monitoring device comprises a photoelectric sensing device, a clamping device, a driving device and a control device, wherein a light emitter and a light receiver of the photoelectric sensing device are oppositely arranged on a fixed bracket; the driving device drives the smear of the sample to be detected to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the detection area relative to the light emitter and the light receiver; the control device controls the driving device to drive the relative movement of the sample smear to be detected in the detection area relative to the light emitter and the light receiver in at least one dimension direction, controls the light emitter and the light receiver to perform line scanning in the relative movement process, and judges whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard or not according to a detection result obtained by the line scanning. Therefore, the linear scanning in at least one dimension direction of the smear of the sample to be detected is realized by adopting the photoelectric sensing device, the detection range is large, the more comprehensive monitoring of the sample form is facilitated, and the accuracy is high. A method of monitoring the morphology of a sample is also provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a sample form monitoring device and method.
Background
The process of preparing the sample smear by the automatic smear pushing machine comprises the steps of dripping blood, pushing a smear, drying, dyeing and the like, wherein after a blood sample is dripped on a glass slide and pushed into a thin blood film, the blood sample is dried by hot air, then is placed into a dyeing box for dyeing, and finally is dried into a smear. The quality of the blood film form is influenced by the push sheet system, and when the push sheet system is abnormal, if the sample smear batch which is subsequently manufactured is not processed in time, the sample smear batch is poor, so that a blood film form monitoring device is needed, the blood film form is discovered to be abnormal in time, and a user can process the blood film form in time.
The traditional automatic film pushing machine adopts a three-position fixed-point detection method to monitor the blood film form, namely, three pairs of photoelectric sensors are used for detecting three fixed position points of a sample smear transmitted to a monitoring device through a photoelectric detection technology, then three detection signals are compared with a fixed threshold value, and if the three detection signals are smaller than the threshold value, the blood film is judged to be present. When the presence of blood film is detected at all three positions, the blood film form is considered to reach the standard. However, this monitoring method can only detect the presence or absence of a sample such as a blood membrane at three fixed position points, and the detection range is small, resulting in low accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a sample morphology monitoring apparatus and method for solving the problem of low accuracy due to a small detection range.
A method of sample morphology monitoring comprising the steps of:
providing an automatic slide pusher and a slide; the automatic slide pushing machine drops a blood sample on the slide, and pushes the blood sample into a blood film along the surface of the slide to obtain a sample smear to be detected;
driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area relative to the photoelectric sensing device;
controlling the photoelectric sensing device to perform line scanning on the sample smear to be detected by using an optical detection method in the relative movement process;
and judging whether the sample form of the smear of the sample to be detected reaches the standard or not according to a detection result which reflects the sample coverage condition and is obtained by line scanning.
In one embodiment, the step of determining whether the sample form of the smear to be detected meets the standard according to the detection result reflecting the sample coverage obtained by the line scanning comprises:
calculating light transmittance according to signals obtained by line scanning;
comparing the light transmittance with a reference value, and judging the line scanning point smaller than the reference value as a sample covering point;
and judging whether the sample form of the smear of the sample to be detected reaches the standard or not according to all the detected sample coverage points.
In one embodiment, the step of determining whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard according to all the detected sample coverage points specifically includes:
counting the total number of sample coverage points at the line scanning position, and acquiring the length and/or width of a sample smear to be detected at the line scanning position;
and comparing the detected sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected with a preset standard value, and judging whether the sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard or not, so as to judge whether the sample form reaches the standard or not.
In one embodiment, the step of determining whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard according to all the detected sample coverage points specifically includes:
judging whether a sample at the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected has a breaking point or not according to all detected sample coverage points;
and comparing the fracture length formed by the fracture point with a preset length threshold value, and judging whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
automatically recording the position of a fracture point of a smear of a sample to be detected;
judging whether the positions of the fracture points of the front and rear sample smears to be detected are the same;
and if the positions are the same and the occurrence times and/or the fracture length meet the preset requirements, giving an alarm prompt.
In one embodiment, the light transmittance is obtained by:
detecting a background signal of the detection light when no shielding object exists in the optical detection area;
and obtaining the light transmittance of the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected according to the ratio of the detection signal acquired by the detection light in the optical detection area to the background signal.
In one embodiment, the obtaining of the reference value specifically includes:
acquiring a blank area detection signal corresponding to a blank area of a sample smear to be detected;
and obtaining the blank area light transmittance of the blank area of the smear of the sample to be detected according to the blank area detection signal, and obtaining a reference value according to the blank area light transmittance.
In one embodiment, the blank region light transmittance is obtained by:
before a sample smear to be detected is not coated with a sample, detecting light with the wavelength similar to the detection light and the incidence angle to detect the light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected, and adding a preset difference value to be used as the blank area light transmittance; or
And acquiring the blank area light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the blank area light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected specifically includes:
drawing a light transmittance-time curve according to the light transmittance;
reversely searching a time point corresponding to the maximum light transmittance value which is increased earliest in the light transmittance values according to the light transmittance-time curve;
subtracting a preset time interval from the time point corresponding to the earliest increase to the maximum light transmittance to obtain blank sampling time;
and determining the light transmittance corresponding to the blank sampling time as the blank light transmittance.
In one embodiment, the obtaining of the reference value specifically includes:
and calculating to obtain a reference value according to the blank region light transmittance and a preset transmittance tolerance value.
In one embodiment, before the step of controlling the photoelectric sensing device to perform line scanning on the smear of the sample to be detected by using an optical detection method during the relative movement, the method further comprises the following steps: and drying the sample smeared by the sample to be detected.
In one embodiment, the smear of the sample to be detected is line-scanned while moving to the path of staining after the smear of the sample to be detected is dried.
In one embodiment, the step of driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area with respect to the photoelectric sensing device specifically includes:
and driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move in the width direction and the length direction of the smear of the sample to be detected in the optical detection area relative to the photoelectric sensing device in sequence.
In one embodiment, the step of driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area with respect to the photoelectric sensing device specifically includes:
and driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move relative to the photoelectric sensing device in the optical detection area, and performing transverse scanning at the position where the smear of the sample to be detected meets the minimum length of the sample.
In one embodiment, the judgment of whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard is to judge whether the blood film form on the smear reaches the standard.
A sample morphology monitoring device, comprising:
the automatic slide pushing machine is used for dropping a blood sample on a slide and pushing the blood sample into a blood film along the surface of the slide to obtain a sample smear to be detected;
a photoelectric sensing device forming an optical detection area;
the clamping device is used for clamping the smear of the sample to be detected;
the driving device is connected with the photoelectric sensing device and/or the clamping device and drives the smear of the sample to be detected to relatively move in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area relative to the photoelectric sensing device;
and the control device is respectively connected with the photoelectric sensing device and the driving device, controls the driving device to drive the sample smear to be detected to relatively move in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area relative to the photoelectric sensing device, controls the photoelectric sensing device to perform line scanning on the sample smear to be detected by using an optical detection method in the relative movement process, and judges whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard according to a detection result which reflects the sample coverage condition obtained by the line scanning.
In one embodiment, the photoelectric sensing device comprises a light emitter, a light receiver and a fixed bracket, wherein the light emitter and the light receiver are oppositely arranged on the fixed bracket, and the optical detection area is formed between the light emitter and the light receiver.
In one embodiment, the control device includes:
the light transmittance acquisition unit is connected with the light receiver and used for calculating light transmittance according to signals obtained by line scanning;
the comparison unit is connected with the light transmittance acquisition unit, compares the light transmittance acquired by the light transmittance acquisition unit with a reference value, and judges that the line scanning position smaller than the reference value is a sample coverage point; and
and the judging unit is connected with the comparing unit and is used for judging whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard or not according to all the sample coverage points detected by the comparing unit.
In one embodiment, the determining unit is configured to:
counting the total number of sample coverage points at the line scanning position, and acquiring the length and/or width of a sample smear to be detected at the line scanning position;
and comparing the detected sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected with a preset standard value, and judging whether the sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard or not, so as to judge whether the sample form reaches the standard or not.
In one embodiment, the determining unit is configured to:
judging whether a sample at the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected has a breaking point or not according to all detected sample coverage points;
and comparing the fracture length formed by the fracture point with a preset length threshold value, and judging whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard.
In one embodiment, the control device further includes:
the storage unit is used for automatically recording the position of a fracture point of the smear of the sample to be detected;
the position detection unit is used for judging whether the positions of the fracture points of the sample smear to be detected are the same or not; and
and the alarm unit is used for sending out an alarm prompt if the positions are the same and the occurrence times and/or the fracture length meet the preset requirements.
According to the sample form monitoring device and the sample form monitoring method, the control device controls the driving device to drive the sample smear to be detected to move relatively in the detection area in at least one dimension direction relative to the optical sensing device, controls the optical sensing device to perform line scanning on the sample smear to be detected by using an optical detection method in the relative movement process, and judges whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard or not according to the detection result which reflects the sample coverage condition obtained by the line scanning. Therefore, the linear scanning in at least one dimension direction of the smear of the sample to be detected is realized by adopting the photoelectric sensing device, the detection range is large, the more comprehensive monitoring of the sample form is facilitated, and the accuracy is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sample morphology monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a sample morphology monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of lateral and longitudinal scanning in one embodiment of a sample morphology monitoring apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a sample morphology monitoring method according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for determining whether a sample shape meets a standard according to a detection result in an embodiment of a sample shape monitoring method;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for determining whether a sample shape meets a standard according to a sample coverage point in a sample shape monitoring method according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for determining whether a sample shape meets a standard according to a sample coverage point in another embodiment of a sample shape monitoring method;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating a process of obtaining light transmittance in a sample morphology monitoring method according to an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of obtaining a reference value in a sample morphology monitoring method according to an embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view illustrating a process of obtaining a blank area transmittance in a sample morphology monitoring method according to an embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing light transmittance versus time at various positions of a scanning line of a smear of a specimen to be examined according to an embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing light transmittance-time curves at various positions of a smear scanning line of a sample to be detected according to another embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a sample morphology monitoring apparatus includes a photoelectric sensing apparatus 110, a clamping apparatus 120, a driving apparatus 130 and a control apparatus 140.
The photo-sensing device 110 includes a light emitter 112, a light receiver 114, and a mounting bracket 116. The light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114 are disposed opposite to each other on a fixing bracket 116, and a detection region 118 is formed between the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114. The fixing bracket 116 may be of an integrated design or a split design.
The gripping device 120 grips a smear 210 of a sample to be tested. The driving device 130 is connected to the photoelectric sensing device 110 and/or the clamping device 120, and drives the smear 210 of the sample to be tested to move relatively in at least one dimension in the testing area 118 with respect to the optical emitter 112 and the optical receiver 114. The relative motion may be a linear motion, i.e. a motion in one dimension; it is also possible to move successively in mutually perpendicular or other angular directions, i.e. in two or more dimensions.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the driving device 130 can drive the smear 210 to be tested to move relatively in the testing area 118 with respect to the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114 in the width direction and the length direction of the smear 210.
As shown in fig. 3, the width direction of the sample smear 210 to be detected is horizontal, and the length direction of the sample smear 210 to be detected is vertical. The driving device 130 drives the smear 210 to move along the horizontal line from right to left and then along the vertical line from bottom to top in the detection area 118. That is, the photo-emitter 112 and the photo-receiver 114 move along the horizontal line from left to right and then along the vertical line from top to bottom relative to the smear 210 in the inspection area 118, corresponding to the fact that the smear 210 is stationary, so as to obtain the inspection result reflecting the length and width coverage of the specimen 212.
It will be appreciated that in this embodiment, non-complete transverse and longitudinal scans are used. In other embodiments, to further improve the detection accuracy, the scanning of the sample smear 210 to be detected may be complete, i.e. the transverse scanning covers the width of the whole sample smear 210 to be detected, and the longitudinal scanning covers the length of the whole sample smear 210 to be detected along the middle of the sample smear 210 to be detected. Or to and from multiple parallel axes, either transverse or longitudinal.
In other embodiments, the driving device 130 can also drive the smear 210 to be scanned transversely in the detection area 118 relative to the optical emitter 112 and the optical receiver 114 at a position where the minimum length of the smear 210 to be scanned meets the minimum length of the sample 212. Because the starting point of the head of the sample 212 is preset, the form of the sample 212 in the minimum length direction can be obtained by performing transverse scanning at the position which is far from the starting point and meets the minimum length of the sample 212, and whether the form of the sample 212 reaches the standard or not is further judged. If the shape in the minimum length direction, i.e., the minimum length direction, is capable of detecting the sample 212 and the width of the sample 212 meets the requirement, it indicates that both the length and the width of the sample 212 meet the requirement. By performing only one transverse scan, detection time is saved. Further, the scanning direction is not limited to the lateral direction, and may be an oblique direction or a longitudinal direction.
The control device 140 is connected to the light emitter 112, the light receiver 114 and the driving device 130, respectively. The control driving device 130 drives the smear 210 to be tested to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the testing area 118 relative to the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114, controls the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114 to perform line scanning during the relative movement, and determines whether the form of the sample 212 of the smear 210 to be tested reaches the standard according to the testing result obtained by the line scanning.
In the sample form monitoring device, the control device 140 controls the driving device 130 to drive the smear 210 of the sample to be detected to relatively move in at least one dimension direction in the detection area 118 relative to the optical emitter 112 and the optical receiver 114, and controls the optical emitter 112 and the optical receiver 114 to perform line scanning during the relative movement, and the control device 140 determines whether the form of the sample 212 of the smear 210 of the sample to be detected reaches the standard according to the detection result obtained by the line scanning. Therefore, the linear scanning in at least one dimension direction is realized on the smear 210 of the sample to be detected by using the photoelectric sensing device 110, the detection range is large, the more comprehensive monitoring of the form of the sample 212 is facilitated, and the accuracy is high.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the driving device 130 is connected to the clamping device 120, and the processing circuit 142 of the control device 140 controls the driving device 130 to drive the clamping device 120 to drive the smear 210 to move in at least one dimension of the detection area 118, while the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114 remain stationary, so that the smear 210 moves in the detection area 118 relative to the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114. Of course, in other embodiments, the driving device 130 may also be connected to the photo sensor device 110, and the processing circuit 142 of the control device 140 controls the driving device 130 to drive the photo sensor device 110 to move in at least one dimension of the detection area 118, and the sample smear 210 to be detected remains stationary, so that the sample smear 210 to be detected moves relative to the optical emitter 112 and the optical receiver 114 in the detection area 118.
The processing circuitry 142 of the control device 140 drives the light emitter 112 to emit a constant probe light towards the smear 210 of the sample to be examined in the examination region 118 by controlling the sensor drive circuitry 148. The probe light passes through the smear 210 of the sample to be tested at the testing area 118, is collected by the light receiver 114 and transmitted to the processing circuit 142 for analysis. The line scan is completed during the relative motion of the smear 210 of the sample to be tested with the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114.
The control device 140 may be provided with an amplifying circuit 144 and an analog/digital conversion circuit 146, the optical receiver 114 is connected to the amplifying circuit 144, and the amplifying circuit 144 is connected to the processing circuit 142 through the analog/digital conversion circuit 146. The transmitted light signal collected by the light receiver 114 is amplified by the amplifying circuit 144 and then converted into a digital signal by the analog/digital conversion circuit 146, so that the processing circuit 142 performs a correlation algorithm process according to the digital signal to analyze and determine whether the morphology of the sample 212 meets the standard. The amplifying circuit 144 and the analog/digital converting circuit 146 belong to the mature technology in the technical field of signal converting devices, and the structure and the operation principle thereof are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 4, a sample morphology monitoring method includes the following steps:
and step S110, driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the detection area relative to the light emitter and the light receiver. Wherein, the smear of the sample to be detected can move, and the light emitter and the light receiver are kept still; or the smear of the sample to be detected is static, and the light emitter and the light receiver move.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the processing circuit 142 controls the driving device 130 to drive the clamping device 120 to drive the smear 210 to move in at least one dimension of the detection area 118, and the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114 remain stationary, so that the smear 210 moves in the detection area 118 relative to the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114. Of course, in other embodiments, the processing circuit 142 may also control the driving device 130 to drive the photoelectric sensing device 110 to move in at least one dimension of the detection area 118, and the sample smear 210 to be detected remains stationary, so that the sample smear 210 to be detected moves in the detection area 118 relative to the optical emitter 112 and the optical receiver 114.
The relative motion may be a linear motion, i.e. a motion in one dimension; it is also possible to move successively in mutually perpendicular or other angular directions, i.e. in two or more dimensions.
In one embodiment, step S110 specifically includes: and driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move in the width direction and the length direction of the smear of the sample to be detected in the detection area relative to the light emitter and the light receiver.
As shown in fig. 3, the width direction of the sample smear 210 to be detected is horizontal, and the length direction of the sample smear 210 to be detected is vertical. The smear 210 of the specimen to be examined is moved along a horizontal line from right to left and then along a vertical line from bottom to top in the examination area 118. That is, the photo-emitter 112 and the photo-receiver 114 move along the horizontal line from left to right and then along the vertical line from top to bottom relative to the smear 210 in the inspection area 118, corresponding to the fact that the smear 210 is stationary, so as to obtain the inspection result reflecting the length and width coverage of the specimen 212.
It will be appreciated that in this embodiment, non-complete transverse and longitudinal scans are used. In other embodiments, to further improve the detection accuracy, the scanning of the sample smear 210 to be detected may be complete, i.e. the transverse scanning covers the width of the whole sample smear 210 to be detected, and the longitudinal scanning covers the length of the whole sample smear 210 to be detected along the middle of the sample smear 210 to be detected. Or to and from multiple parallel axes, either transverse or longitudinal.
In another embodiment, step S110 specifically includes: and driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move relative to the light emitter and the light receiver in the detection area to perform transverse scanning at the position where the smear of the sample to be detected meets the minimum length of the sample.
Because the starting point of the sample head is preset, the form of the sample in the minimum length direction can be obtained by transversely scanning the position which is away from the starting point and meets the minimum length of the sample, and then whether the form of the sample reaches the standard or not is judged. If the sample can be detected in the minimum length direction, namely the minimum length direction, and the width of the sample meets the requirement, the length and the width of the sample are both in accordance with the requirement. By performing only one transverse scan, detection time is saved. Further, the scanning direction is not limited to the lateral direction, and may be an oblique direction or a longitudinal direction.
And step S120, controlling the optical transmitter and the optical receiver to perform line scanning in the relative motion process. As shown in fig. 2, the processing circuit 142 controls the sensor driving circuit 148 to drive the light emitter 112 to emit a detection light, and the detection light passes through the smear 210 of the sample to be detected in the detection area, and is collected by the light receiver 114 and transmitted to the processing circuit 142 for analysis processing. The line scan is completed during the relative motion of the smear 210 of the sample to be tested with the light emitter 112 and the light receiver 114.
And step S130, judging whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard according to the detection result obtained by line scanning.
The sample form monitoring method drives the relative movement of the smear of the sample to be detected in the detection area relative to the light emitter and the light receiver in at least one dimension direction, controls the light emitter and the light receiver to perform line scanning in the relative movement process, and further judges whether the sample form of the smear of the sample to be detected reaches the standard according to the detection result obtained by the line scanning. Therefore, line scanning in at least one dimension direction is realized through the smear of the sample to be detected, the detection range is large, the sample form can be more comprehensively monitored, and the accuracy is high.
Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment, step 130 specifically includes:
in step S132, the light transmittance is calculated from the signal obtained by the line scan.
Step S134, comparing the light transmittance with a reference value, and judging the line scanning position smaller than the reference value as a sample coverage point.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, this is shown at t1To t3Transversely scanning the smear of the sample to be detected at time t3Turning to the longitudinal scan after the time instant. Thus at t1To t3And searching sampling points with the light transmittance smaller than the reference value in the detection points corresponding to the time, namely the sample coverage points in the width direction of the smear of the sample to be detected. In the same way, t3To t5And searching sampling points with light transmittance smaller than the reference value in the detection points corresponding to the time, namely the sample coverage points in the length direction of the smear of the sample to be detected.
And S136, judging whether the sample form of the smear of the sample to be detected reaches the standard or not according to all the detected sample coverage points.
And calculating the light transmittance through signals obtained by line scanning, comparing the light transmittance with a reference value, determining a sample coverage point when the light transmittance is smaller than the reference value, and judging whether the sample form reaches the standard according to all the sample coverage points detected. The light transmittance is adopted to express the detection result, so that each detection point corresponds to a specific light transmittance, namely whether each detection point is a sample coverage point can be determined, so that the sample form at the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected can be obtained, the judgment result is determined clearly, and the accuracy is high.
Referring to fig. 8, in one embodiment, the light transmittance may be obtained as follows:
step S410, detecting the background signal of the detection light when no obstruction exists in the detection area. The background signal refers to the signal collected by the optical receiver when the detection light emitted by the optical transmitter does not have any obstruction in the detection area. When the sample morphology monitoring environment is stable, the background signal may be a set value. Of course, the background signal may be detected every time the sample morphology is monitored in order to adapt to different monitoring environments.
And step S420, obtaining the light transmittance of the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected according to the ratio of the detection signal acquired by the detection light in the detection area to the background signal.
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, before the smear of the sample to be detected reaches the detection area, that is, at time 0, the background signal is measured first, and then the ratio of the detection signal to the background signal at the detection point corresponding to any time is the light transmittance of the detection point. Wherein, the maximum light transmittance is 1 inevitably when no sample smear is shielded, the light transmittance of the sample smear to be detected is the second highest when no sample is covered, namely the blank area, and the light transmittance of the sample smear covered is the minimum.
Referring to fig. 9, in one embodiment, the obtaining of the reference value specifically includes:
step S510, obtaining a blank area detection signal corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected.
And step S520, obtaining the blank area light transmittance of the blank area of the smear of the sample to be detected according to the blank area detection signal, and obtaining a reference value according to the blank area light transmittance.
The blank area light transmittance refers to the ratio of a detection signal of a blank area of a sample smear to be detected to a background signal, and the blank area is an area which is not covered by the sample smear to be detected. As shown in FIG. 3, a smear 210 of a sample to be examined is covered with a sample 212 ending in a blank area 214 without any sample coverage. Similarly, the two lateral edges of the smear 210 not covered with the sample 212 can be used as blank areas.
Therefore, the blank area light transmittance of the blank area of the sample smear to be detected is measured by taking the sample smear to be detected as a reference, and a reference value is obtained according to the blank area light transmittance. The device can adapt to smear of samples to be detected prepared from different types of glass slides, can acquire accurate blank light transmittance, guarantees the accuracy of a reference value, is beneficial to being compatible with glass slides with any light transmittance, and has strong adaptability. It will be appreciated that the reference value may also be fixed when a single variety of slide is used.
In one embodiment, the blank region transmittance may be obtained as follows:
before the sample smear to be detected is not coated with the sample, detecting light with the wavelength similar to the detection light and the incident angle is adopted to detect the light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected, and a preset difference value is added to the light transmittance to serve as the blank area light transmittance.
The detection spot will be located completely in the blank area of the slide before the slide to be smeared with the sample has not been coated with the sample, since the entire slide is blank. The detection of the slide glass before the sample is not coated is a conventional detection step, and the efficiency can be improved by obtaining the blank region transmittance by the detection process. Since the detection light and the detection light for scanning are not completely the same and have a certain difference, but the wavelength and the incident angle of the detection light and the detection light are similar, the difference of the light transmittance measured by the detection light and the detection light for the same slide glass is constant, and the difference value is set as a revised value. When the slide glass of the sample smear to be detected is detected by adopting detection light, the detected light transmittance and the revised value are the blank light transmittance of the blank area of the sample smear to be detected, and the blank light transmittance is the blank light transmittance used for subsequent scanning. So, detect before waiting to detect the sample smear and not carry out the push jack and acquire this blank area light transmissivity that waits to detect the sample smear to guarantee when waiting to detect the scanning direction that the sample smear carries out line scan not waiting to detect sample smear blank area, still can acquire the blank area light transmissivity that waits to detect sample smear blank area and correspond, the reliability is high.
In another embodiment, the blank region light transmittance may be obtained by:
and acquiring the blank area light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected.
Thus, after the sample is pushed out of the slide, the sample occupies a large area of the head of the slide, and a large area of the end of the slide is blank, according to the requirements of conventional sample smear preparation. Therefore, when longitudinal scanning is carried out along the length direction of the sample smear to be detected, the detection light inevitably passes through the blank area, namely the longitudinal scanning passes through the blank area of the sample smear to be detected, so that the blank area light transmittance can be obtained in the same scanning, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 10, in one embodiment, the step of obtaining the blank area light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected specifically includes:
and step S610, drawing a light transmittance-time curve according to the light transmittance.
Step S620, the time point corresponding to the maximum light transmittance value which is increased earliest in the light transmittance values is searched reversely according to the light transmittance-time curve.
And step S630, subtracting a preset time interval from the time point corresponding to the earliest increase to the maximum light transmittance to obtain blank sampling time.
And step S640, determining the transmittance corresponding to the blank sampling time as the blank transmittance.
Because the transition signal generated when the line scanning passes through the edge of the sample smear to be detected is unstable, the preset time interval when the line scanning passes through the edge of the sample smear to be detected is subtracted, the light transmittance corresponding to the obtained blank sampling time is ensured not to be influenced by the edge of the sample smear to be detected, and the reliability is high.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, after the smear complete line scan of the sample to be detected leaves the detection area, i.e., t6After that time, the spot light transmittance is returned to 1. Reversely searching a sampling point with the light transmittance value increased to 1 at the earliest from the light transmittance-time curve, wherein the corresponding time point of the sampling point is t6Then from t6Continue finding the time interval delta in reverset＝t6-t5Sampling point of (d), t5Is a blank sampling time, t5And determining the corresponding light transmittance as the blank region light transmittance of the blank region of the smear of the sample to be detected. Wherein, DeltatIs a preset fixed value, and is combined with the scanning speedAnd detecting the edge of the sample smear. If the transverse scanning line is arranged at the position 5mm away from the starting point of the head of the sample, the longitudinal scanning line is arranged at the position 8mm away from the edge of the smear of the sample to be detected. It will be appreciated that the blank sampling time may be a time point, such as t5Or time period, e.g. selecting t5To t4And calculating the average value of the light transmittances in the period of time as the blank region light transmittance.
In addition, if the two lateral edges of the sample smear 210 to be detected, which are not covered with the sample 212, are used as blank regions to obtain blank region light transmittance, the transmittance that becomes stable after the light transmittance is first reduced can be used, and because the transition signal generated when the scanning passes the edge of the sample smear to be detected is unstable, the stable result is the blank region light transmittance that is not covered with the sample 212.
In one embodiment, the obtaining of the reference value specifically includes:
and calculating to obtain a reference value according to the blank region light transmittance and a preset transmittance tolerance value.
Because the light transmittance of each position of the glass slide of the sample smear is non-ideal and uniform, the light transmittance of different position points of the blank area of the sample smear to be detected has certain fluctuation. Therefore, after the blank area light transmittance is measured, the blank area light transmittance is subtracted by a preset transmittance tolerance value, and the obtained result is used as a reference value for judging the sample coverage point, so that the precision is further improved. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, KthThe reference value obtained by subtracting the transmittance tolerance value from the blank region transmittance is shown. The transmittance tolerance value can be set at 0.02-0.05. Of course, other values are possible. It should be noted that, if the quality of the slide glass is good and the light transmittance is relatively uniform, the blank region light transmittance can also be directly used as the reference value.
Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, step S136 specifically includes:
step S232, counting the total number of sample coverage points at the line scanning position, and obtaining the length and/or the width of the sample smear to be detected at the line scanning position. Since the line scanning speed is precisely controllable and preset, and the sampling rate for sampling the detection signal is also preset, the length or width of the sample can be calculated according to the length/width of the sample, i.e., the line scanning speed, the total number of covered points of the sample, and the sampling rate.
And step S234, comparing the detected sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected with a preset standard value, and judging whether the sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard, so as to judge whether the sample form reaches the standard.
And comparing the calculated length or width of the sample with a preset standard value, so as to realize the purpose of judging whether the shape of the smear sample of the sample to be detected reaches the standard. When the length or the width of the sample is larger than a preset standard value, the requirement of the minimum length or the width is met, and the form of the sample reaches the standard. And the line detection is used for replacing point detection, so that the detection range is wider and the accuracy is high.
Referring to fig. 7, in one embodiment, step S136 further includes:
step S332, judging whether the sample at the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected has a breaking point or not according to all the detected sample coverage points. In the process of online scanning, a detection point, at which the light transmittance of a scanning point between the starting point and the end point of the sample coverage point is greater than a reference value, is defined as a breaking point.
And step S334, comparing the fracture length formed by the fracture point with a preset length threshold value, and judging whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard.
When larger cross-hatching, vertical hatching or cavitation occurs in the sample, this can result in a break point in the detected sample coverage in the scan direction. The fracture length formed by the fracture points is compared with a preset length threshold value, so that whether abnormal stripes or vacuoles exist or not can be judged, and whether the sample form reaches the standard or not can be judged. And when the fracture length formed at the fracture point is greater than a preset length threshold value, indicating that the sample has abnormal stripes or vacuoles, namely the sample form does not reach the standard.
As can be understood, the scanning moving speed of the detection light relative to the smear of the sample to be detected is 100mm/sAnd the sampling rate of sampling the detection signals is 1K sampling points/second, namely the interval between two adjacent detection points is 0.1 mm. If 30 detection points continuously appear in the middle of the transverse scanning line are sample fracture points, namely the sample is fractured by 3mm, the sample can be judged to have abnormal stripes or vacuoles, and the sample form does not reach the standard. As shown in FIG. 12, t is represented2To t2"time period sample break zone.
Referring to fig. 7, in one embodiment, the method for monitoring the morphology of the sample further includes:
and step S336, automatically recording the position of the fracture point of the smear of the sample to be detected.
And step S338, judging whether the positions of the breaking points of the sample smear to be detected are the same or not.
And step S339, if the positions are the same and the occurrence times and/or the fracture length meet the preset requirements, giving out an alarm prompt.
In the film making process, when the number of times and/or the fracture length of the positions of the fracture points of the smear samples to be detected at the same position meet the preset requirements, the abnormity of the push broach can be judged, and an alarm prompt is sent at the moment, so that the smear samples are convenient to use for timely treatment and high in reliability. The alarm prompt can be sent out in the modes of sound or light and the like, so that a user can quickly and intuitively know when an abnormity occurs.
In one embodiment, step S120 is preceded by: and drying the sample smeared by the sample to be detected. That is, the sample smeared by the sample to be detected is completely dry before the line scan of the sample smear to be detected. Because the sample just pushed away has a large amount of water molecules, such as blood film, the light incident surface and the light emergent surface are flat and smooth, and the light transmittance of the sample is very high at the moment and is close to the light transmittance of the glass slide, so that the sample and the blank area of the glass slide are not easy to distinguish. After the sample is dehydrated and dried, the surface is uneven, and the light scattering effect is enhanced, so that the light transmittance at the moment is reduced, and the difference between the light transmittance and the blank region light transmittance of the blank region of the glass slide is obviously enhanced. Therefore, the sample smeared by the sample to be detected is dried before detection, and the reliability of the detection result is improved.
The linear scanning of the sample smear to be detected occurs on the way of moving to the dyeing link after the drying link of the sample smear to be detected is finished, so that the scanning direction of the sample smear to be detected is consistent with the whole machine flow action direction, the detection time is saved, and the efficiency is improved. Of course, the line scanning of the smear of the sample to be detected can also be carried out separately.
The control device 140 of the sample morphology monitoring device may control other components of the sample morphology monitoring device by means of a computer program to perform the method described above. The control device 140 may include an acquisition light transmittance unit, a comparison unit, and a determination unit. Specifically, the light transmittance acquisition unit, the comparison unit, and the judgment unit are all provided in the processing circuit 142 of the control device 140.
The light transmittance acquisition unit is connected to the light receiver 114, and calculates the light transmittance from the signal obtained by line scanning.
The comparison unit is connected with the light transmittance acquisition unit, compares the light transmittance acquired by the light transmittance acquisition unit with a reference value, and determines that the line scanning position smaller than the reference value is a sample 212 coverage point.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, this is shown at t1To t3The smear 210 of the sample to be examined is scanned transversely at time t3Turning to the longitudinal scan after the time instant. Thus at t1To t3And searching sampling points with the light transmittance smaller than the reference value in the detection points corresponding to the time, namely the sample 212 coverage points in the width direction of the sample smear 210 to be detected. In the same way, t3To t5And searching sampling points with light transmittance smaller than the reference value in the detection points corresponding to the time, namely the sample 212 coverage points in the length direction of the sample smear 210 to be detected.
The judging unit is connected with the comparing unit and judges whether the form of the sample 212 of the smear 210 of the sample to be detected reaches the standard according to all the sample 212 coverage points detected by the comparing unit.
So, obtain light transmissivity unit through the setting, adopt the light transmissivity to express the testing result to every check point all corresponds there is specific light transmissivity, and whether also be sample 212 cover point for every check point and can both obtain clear and definite result through the comparison unit, so that obtain the sample 212 form of waiting to detect sample smear 210 line scanning department, the judgement result of judgement unit is clear and definite, and the precision is high.
In one embodiment, the control device 140 further comprises a storage unit, a position detection unit and an alarm unit. The storage unit automatically records the position of the fracture point of the smear of the sample to be detected. The position detection unit judges whether the positions of the breaking points of the sample smears to be detected in front and back are the same. And if the positions are the same and the occurrence times and/or the fracture length meet the preset requirements, the alarm unit sends out an alarm prompt. Specifically, the storage unit, the position detection unit, and the alarm unit may be provided in the processing circuit 142 of the control device 140.
In the film making process, when the number of times and/or the fracture length of the positions of the fracture points of the smear samples to be detected at the same position meet the preset requirements, the abnormity of the push broach can be judged, and an alarm prompt is sent at the moment, so that the smear samples are convenient to use for timely treatment and high in reliability. The alarm prompt can be sent out in an intuitive mode such as sound or light, and the user can know the abnormity quickly.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (21)
1. A sample morphology monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing an automatic slide pusher and a slide; the automatic sheet pushing machine drops a blood sample on the slide, and pushes the blood sample into a blood film along the surface of the slide to obtain a sample smear to be detected, wherein the sample smear to be detected is a blood film sample smear to be detected;
driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area relative to the photoelectric sensing device;
controlling the photoelectric sensing device to perform line scanning on the sample smear to be detected by using an optical detection method in the relative movement process;
and judging whether the sample form of the smear of the sample to be detected reaches the standard or not according to a detection result which reflects the sample coverage condition and is obtained by line scanning.
2. The method for monitoring the form of the sample according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether the form of the sample of the smear to be tested meets the standard according to the detection result reflecting the coverage of the sample obtained by the line scanning comprises:
calculating light transmittance according to signals obtained by line scanning;
comparing the light transmittance with a reference value, and judging the line scanning point smaller than the reference value as a sample covering point;
and judging whether the sample form of the smear of the sample to be detected reaches the standard or not according to all the detected sample coverage points.
3. The method for monitoring the form of the sample according to claim 2, wherein the step of determining whether the form of the sample smears to be detected meets the standard according to all the detected sample coverage points comprises:
counting the total number of sample coverage points at the line scanning position, and acquiring the length and/or width of a sample smear to be detected at the line scanning position;
and comparing the detected sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected with a preset standard value, and judging whether the sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard or not, so as to judge whether the sample form reaches the standard or not.
4. The method for monitoring the form of the sample according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the step of determining whether the form of the sample smears to be detected meets the standard according to all the detected sample coverage points specifically comprises:
judging whether a sample at the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected has a breaking point or not according to all detected sample coverage points;
and comparing the fracture length formed by the fracture point with a preset length threshold value, and judging whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
automatically recording the position of a fracture point of a smear of a sample to be detected;
judging whether the positions of the fracture points of the front and rear sample smears to be detected are the same;
and if the positions are the same and the occurrence times and/or the fracture length meet the preset requirements, giving an alarm prompt.
6. The sample morphology monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that the light transmittance is obtained by:
detecting a background signal of the detection light when no shielding object exists in the optical detection area;
and obtaining the light transmittance of the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected according to the ratio of the detection signal acquired by the detection light in the optical detection area to the background signal.
7. The method for monitoring morphology of a sample according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the reference value specifically comprises:
acquiring a blank area detection signal corresponding to a blank area of a sample smear to be detected;
and obtaining the blank area light transmittance of the blank area of the smear of the sample to be detected according to the blank area detection signal, and obtaining a reference value according to the blank area light transmittance.
8. The sample morphology monitoring method according to claim 7, wherein the blank region light transmittance is obtained by:
before a sample smear to be detected is not coated with a sample, detecting light with the wavelength similar to the detection light and the incidence angle to detect the light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected, and adding a preset difference value to be used as the blank area light transmittance; or
And acquiring the blank area light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected.
9. The sample morphology monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein the step of obtaining the blank area light transmittance corresponding to the blank area of the sample smear to be detected specifically comprises:
drawing a light transmittance-time curve according to the light transmittance;
reversely searching a time point corresponding to the maximum light transmittance value which is increased earliest in the light transmittance values according to the light transmittance-time curve;
subtracting a preset time interval from the time point corresponding to the earliest increase to the maximum light transmittance to obtain blank sampling time;
and determining the light transmittance corresponding to the blank sampling time as the blank light transmittance.
10. The method for monitoring morphology of a sample according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the obtaining of the reference value specifically comprises:
and calculating to obtain a reference value according to the blank region light transmittance and a preset transmittance tolerance value.
11. The method for monitoring the form of the sample according to claim 1, wherein before the step of controlling the photoelectric sensing device to perform the line scanning on the smear of the sample to be detected by using the optical detection method during the relative movement, the method further comprises the following steps: and drying the sample smeared by the sample to be detected.
12. The method for monitoring the form of the specimen, according to claim 11, wherein the line scan is performed on the specimen smear to be detected while the specimen smear to be detected is moving to a dyeing way after the specimen smear to be detected is dried.
13. The method for monitoring the form of the specimen according to claim 1, wherein the step of driving the smear of the specimen to be detected to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area with respect to the photoelectric sensor device comprises:
and driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move in the width direction and the length direction of the smear of the sample to be detected in the optical detection area relative to the photoelectric sensing device in sequence.
14. The method for monitoring the form of the specimen according to claim 1, wherein the step of driving the smear of the specimen to be detected to move relatively in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area with respect to the photoelectric sensor device comprises:
and driving the smear of the sample to be detected to move relative to the photoelectric sensing device in the optical detection area, and performing transverse scanning at the position where the smear of the sample to be detected meets the minimum length of the sample.
15. The method for monitoring the form of the specimen according to claim 1, wherein the judging whether the form of the specimen smear to be detected meets the standard is judging whether the form of the blood film on the smear meets the standard.
16. A sample morphology monitoring device, comprising:
a photoelectric sensing device forming an optical detection area;
the clamping device is used for clamping the smear of the sample to be detected;
the driving device is connected with the photoelectric sensing device and/or the clamping device and drives the sample smear to be detected to relatively move in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area relative to the photoelectric sensing device, and the sample smear to be detected is a blood film sample smear to be detected;
and the control device is respectively connected with the photoelectric sensing device and the driving device, controls the driving device to drive the sample smear to be detected to relatively move in at least one dimension direction in the optical detection area relative to the photoelectric sensing device, controls the photoelectric sensing device to perform line scanning on the sample smear to be detected by using an optical detection method in the relative movement process, and judges whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard according to a detection result which reflects the sample coverage condition obtained by the line scanning.
17. The sample morphology monitoring device of claim 16, wherein the optoelectronic sensing device includes a light emitter, a light receiver, and a mounting bracket, the light emitter and the light receiver being disposed opposite the mounting bracket, the light emitter and the light receiver forming the optical detection region therebetween.
18. The sample morphology monitoring device of claim 17, wherein the control device comprises:
the light transmittance acquisition unit is connected with the light receiver and used for calculating light transmittance according to signals obtained by line scanning;
the comparison unit is connected with the light transmittance acquisition unit, compares the light transmittance acquired by the light transmittance acquisition unit with a reference value, and judges that the line scanning position smaller than the reference value is a sample coverage point; and
and the judging unit is connected with the comparing unit and is used for judging whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard or not according to all the sample coverage points detected by the comparing unit.
19. The sample morphology monitoring device of claim 18, wherein the determining unit is configured to:
counting the total number of sample coverage points at the line scanning position, and acquiring the length and/or width of a sample smear to be detected at the line scanning position;
and comparing the detected sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected with a preset standard value, and judging whether the sample length and/or width of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard or not, so as to judge whether the sample form reaches the standard or not.
20. The apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the determining unit is configured to:
judging whether a sample at the smear line scanning position of the sample to be detected has a breaking point or not according to all detected sample coverage points;
and comparing the fracture length formed by the fracture point with a preset length threshold value, and judging whether the sample form of the sample smear to be detected reaches the standard.
21. The sample morphology monitoring device of claim 20, wherein the control device further comprises:
the storage unit is used for automatically recording the position of a fracture point of the smear of the sample to be detected;
the position detection unit is used for judging whether the positions of the fracture points of the sample smear to be detected are the same or not; and
and the alarm unit is used for sending out an alarm prompt if the positions are the same and the occurrence times and/or the fracture length meet the preset requirements.
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| CN105091761A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| CN111060018A (en) | 2020-04-24 |
| CN105091761B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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Application publication date: 20200424 Assignee: Shenzhen Mindray Animal Medical Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SHENZHEN MINDRAY BIO-MEDICAL ELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2022440020009 Denomination of invention: Specimen shape monitoring device and method Granted publication date: 20220201 License type: Common License Record date: 20220804 |
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