CN111054940A - Cutter with coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cutter with coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111054940A CN111054940A CN202010002862.3A CN202010002862A CN111054940A CN 111054940 A CN111054940 A CN 111054940A CN 202010002862 A CN202010002862 A CN 202010002862A CN 111054940 A CN111054940 A CN 111054940A
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- micro
- texture
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- cutter
- tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/30—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools lathes or like tools
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/028—Physical treatment to alter the texture of the substrate surface, e.g. grinding, polishing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cutter with a coating, which is characterized in that a micro-texture coating is compounded on the surface of a front cutter face of the cutter, and the micro-texture coating consists of a micro-texture and a coating compounded on the surface of the micro-texture; when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is 200-600 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2 mu m, and when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is more than 600 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is 5-30 mu m. According to the method, the micro-textures with different depths are prepared on the front tool face of the cutter, so that the micro-texture coating cutter has good coating binding force, frictional wear performance and cooling and lubricating capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutters, in particular to a cutter with a coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the field of tribology research has proposed the concept of surface texture. Surface texture, also known as surface microtexturing, has proven to be an effective means of improving surface tribological properties. The surface texture technology is a method for improving the surface characteristics of a material by changing the physical structure of the surface of the material, and the surface texture is a lattice of patterns such as pits, dents or convex hulls with certain sizes and arrangements. The micro texture is carved on the tool face of the tool, the mechanical property of the tool is not influenced, the micro texture can store lubricating oil and abrasive dust, the friction coefficient of the front tool face is reduced, the cutting force is reduced by 10-30%, and the wear resistance of the tool and the processing efficiency of products are obviously improved. However, only the micro-texture cutter does not meet the processing requirement, so that the micro-texture coating cutter is produced.
The micro-texture coating on the surface of the cutter has high hardness, good wear resistance and good frictional wear performance, and the micron-sized micro-texture has good frictional wear performance, but the binding force of the coating is not good, so that the coating is easy to peel off, thereby accelerating the reduction of the service life of the cutter. Therefore, it is still difficult that the microtextured coated cutting tool has good coating binding force and good frictional wear performance at the same time. More of the microtexture with the same depth is reported at present, while microtexture with different depths is not reported for a while.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cutter with a coating, and the cutter provided by the invention has better coating binding force, frictional wear performance and cooling and lubricating performance.
In view of the above, the present application provides a tool with a coating, the surface of the front tool face of the tool is compounded with a micro-texture coating, and the micro-texture coating is composed of a micro-texture and a coating compounded on the surface of the micro-texture; when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is 200-600 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2 mu m, and when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is more than 600 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is 5-30 mu m.
Preferably, the distance between the microtextures is 150-600 nm.
Preferably, the microtexture is in the form of round pits or linear grooves.
Preferably, when the morphology of the microtexture is a round pit, the diameter of the microtexture is 70-150 μm.
Preferably, the microtextured boundary is a circular transition.
Preferably, the tool is a cemented carbide-based tool.
The application also provides a preparation method of the cutter with the coating, which comprises the following steps:
A) after the cutter is pre-cleaned, processing micro-textures with different depths, so that when the distance between the micro-textures and the cutter tip is 200-600 microns, the depth of the micro-textures is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 microns, and when the distance between the micro-textures and the cutter tip is greater than 600 microns, the depth of the micro-textures is 5-30 microns;
B) and coating a film on the micro-texture surface to obtain the cutter with the coating.
Preferably, the method for pre-cleaning comprises the following steps:
and ultrasonically cleaning the cutter in acetone and alcohol for 15-20 min.
Preferably, the coating mode is a PVD coating mode.
The application provides a cutter with a coating, wherein a front cutter face of the cutter is compounded with a micro-texture coating, different depths of the micro-texture are set according to contact areas of chips and the front cutter face when the cutter is machined, specifically, the micro-texture with different depths is determined according to the distances from the micro-texture to a cutter tip and a cutting edge, the closer to the cutting edge of the cutter tip, the micro-texture with the depth of micro-nanometer grade, and the farther from the cutting edge of the cutter tip, the deeper the micro-texture with the depth; the micro texture depth from the near end of the cutting edge of the tool tip is shallow, so that the coating has good coating binding force and abrasion resistance, and the micro texture depth from the far end of the cutting edge of the tool tip is deep, so that the frictional wear performance and the capability of storing abrasive dust are good, and the cooling and lubricating capabilities are good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison of scratch bonding force between microtextured coatings of different depths and AlTiN hard coatings on a hard alloy block prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the friction coefficient of microtextured coatings and AlTiN hard coatings of different depths on a hard alloy block prepared in example 1 of the invention;
fig. 3 is a microtexture map of the microtextured and microtextured patterned layers prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
When the cutter is used for machining, the front cutter face of the cutter is tightly contacted with chips, the contact area of the chips and the front cutter face is divided into three areas, the second deformation area and the front cutter face have strong extrusion force and friction action, and the third deformation area and the front cutter face of the cutter do not act as the second deformation area, so that microtextures with different functions can be prepared on the front cutter face of the cutter according to the action condition of the cutter.
Research shows that the depth of the micro texture is an important factor influencing the performance of the micro texture coating cutter, and the bonding force of the coating can be improved when the micro texture is a micro-nano (shallow) texture, but the influence on the frictional wear performance is small; when the depth of the microtexture is deep, the binding force of the coating cannot be guaranteed, but the friction and wear performance can store lubricant and abrasive dust due to the microtexture, and a layer of lubricating film can be formed on the cutter surface and the machined surface when the cutter is machined, so that the friction and wear performance and the machining quality of the cutter are improved; in other words, the micro-nano micro-texture has good coating binding force and good abrasion resistance, but has no advantage in storing abrasive dust; the micron-sized microtexture has good frictional wear performance, but the coating bonding force is not good (as shown in figure 1); when the coating cutter is used for processing materials, good coating binding force and frictional wear performance are necessary, so that the depth of the micro texture is adjusted according to the distance from the micro texture to a cutter tip and a cutting edge, the performance mutation caused by the size mutation can be effectively avoided, the materials have structures with different characteristic sizes which are mutually coordinated, and the performances of the structures with different sizes are integrally integrated and optimized. Therefore, by controlling the different depths of the microtexture, the microtexture coating cutters with different depths not only have good coating bonding force, but also have good friction and wear performance.
Therefore, the application provides a tool with a coating, wherein the surface of the front tool face of the tool is compounded with a micro-texture coating, and the micro-texture coating consists of a micro-texture and a coating compounded on the surface of the micro-texture; when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is 200-600 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2 mu m, and when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is more than 600 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is 5-30 mu m.
In the coated cutting tool provided by the application, the coating is specifically a microtextured coating, and more specifically, the microtextured coating consists of microtexture and a coating compounded on the microtextured surface; the coating is well known to those skilled in the art, for example: the micro-texture is a lattice well known to those skilled in the art, and the micro-texture is not particularly limited in the present application, except that the depth of the micro-texture in the micro-texture coating is changed with the distance from the tool tip and the cutting edge, and the micro-nano micro-texture greatly improves the bonding force with the coating to 100N, which is nearly twice as high as 100N.
The different depth microtexture is set according to the distance from the cutter point to the cutter cutting edge, the closer to the cutter point cutting edge, the shallower the depth of the microtexture, the micro-nano level, the farther from the cutter point cutting edge, the deeper the depth of the microtexture, the micron level, but the microtexture does not exist at the cutter point and the cutting edge, if the microtexture is hit on the cutting edge, the structure of the cutter cutting edge can be damaged, the cutter is adversely affected, the abrasion of the cutting chip, the cutting edge and the cutter point can be increased, the minimum distance is 200 mu m, the parameter can ensure that the processing can be rapidly and accurately carried out, and the laser is hit on the cutting edge without being too small. More specifically, when the distance between the micro texture coating and the tool nose is 200-600 μm and the distance between the micro texture coating and the cutting edge is 200-400 μm, the depth of the micro texture is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2 μm, namely, the depth of the micro texture coating is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2 μm in the range from the tool nose and the cutting edge; when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is more than 600 mu m and the distance between the micro-texture and the cutting edge is more than 400 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is 5-30 mu m, namely, the depth of the micro-texture is 5-30 mu m in the range from the tool nose to the cutting edge.
In the invention, the micro-texture of the cutter with the coating can be a round pit or a linear groove; the depth of the microtexture changes with the distance from the tool nose and the cutting edge, but the diameter of the microtexture is unchanged, and the microtexture is 70-150 mu m. The distance between the microtextures is 150-600 mu m; and the boundaries of the microtexture are all round transitions, not angular transitions. The action range of the micro-texture is 2-4 mm, namely the distance between the farthest micro-texture and the tool nose is 2-4 mm.
The present application does not specifically limit the material of the tool base in the coated tool, and the tool base known to those skilled in the art may be selected; in a specific embodiment, the tool is a cemented carbide tool.
The cutter with the coating is characterized in that a micro-texture is machined on the basis of the cutter, and then a proper coating process is adopted to prepare the cutter with the micro-texture coating; specifically, the preparation method of the coated cutting tool comprises the following steps:
A) after the cutter is pre-cleaned, micro-textures with different depths are machined on the front cutter face of the cutter, so that when the distance between the micro-textures and the cutter tip is 200-600 mu m, the depth of the micro-textures is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 mu m, and when the distance between the micro-textures and the cutter tip is greater than 600 mu m, the depth of the micro-textures is 5-30 mu m;
B) and coating a film on the micro-texture surface to obtain the cutter with the coating.
In the process of preparing the cutter with the coating, the cutter is firstly pre-cleaned in the application, and the pre-cleaning is specifically as follows: and ultrasonically cleaning the cutter in acetone and alcohol for 15-20 min.
After cleaning, microtexturing at different depths is machined on the rake surface of the cleaned tool in a manner well known to those skilled in the art, and the present application is not particularly limited thereto.
Finally, the micro-texture surface is coated with a film to obtain the cutter with the coating. The coating is a coating process well known to those skilled in the art, and different coatings can be coated on the microtextured surface according to actual needs, for example, the coatings can be AlCrN, TiAlN, TiN, and the like, and there is no particular limitation on the selection of the coatings.
The invention provides a cutter with a coating, namely a micro-texture coating is compounded on the surface of a front cutter face of the cutter, and the micro-texture coating consists of a micro-texture and a coating compounded on the surface of the micro-texture; according to the method, the size of the micro texture is adjusted according to the distance from the micro texture to the tool nose and the cutting edge, so that the tool with the micro texture coating has good coating binding force, friction and wear performance and cooling and lubricating performance.
For further understanding of the present invention, the coated cutting tool provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
Ultrasonically cleaning the hard alloy block body in alcohol and acetone for 15min respectively, blow-drying, processing round pit pits with the depth of 1.5 microns, 15 microns and 30 microns on the surface of a sample, then opening a PVD coating machine, adjusting PVD deposition process parameters, and plating AlTiN hard coatings on the round pit microtextured surfaces with different depths respectively.
Ultrasonically cleaning the hard alloy block body in alcohol and acetone for 15min respectively, blow-drying, opening a PVD coating machine, adjusting PVD deposition process parameters, and coating an AlTiN hard coating on the surface of the hard alloy block body.
Fig. 1 is a graph comparing scratch bonding force of microtextured coatings and AlTiN hard coatings with different depths on a hard alloy block prepared in the embodiment; fig. 2 is a friction coefficient curve diagram of microtextured coatings and AlTiN hard coatings of different depths on the hard alloy block prepared in the embodiment. As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the microtexturing at different depths has different effects on the friction coefficient.
Example 2
Ultrasonically cleaning the hard alloy matrix turning tool particles in alcohol and acetone for 15min respectively, drying the turning tool particles, and inlaying microtextures with the cycle of 600nm in the processing depth of 1.5 mu m in a region 200-600 mu m away from the tool tip of the turning tool; processing a microtexture with the depth of 15 microns in an area 600-1000 microns away from the tool nose of the turning tool; processing a microtexture with the depth of 30 microns at a distance of 1000-2000 microns from the tool nose of the turning tool; and then opening the PVD coating machine, adjusting PVD deposition process parameters, and plating an AlTiN hard coating on the microtextured turning tools with different depths on the front tool face of the turning tool. The microtexture of this example is shown in the left side of fig. 3, and the coating is shown in the right side of fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the microtexture greatly improves the bonding force with the coating to 100N, which is nearly twice as high.
Example 3
Ultrasonically cleaning the hard alloy matrix turning tool particles in alcohol and acetone for 15min respectively, drying, and processing microtexture with a linear groove depth of 2 microns in a region 200-600 microns away from the tool tip of the turning tool; processing a microtexture with the depth of 10 mu m in an area 600-1000 mu m away from the tool nose of the turning tool; processing a microtexture with the depth of 30 microns at a distance of 1000-2000 microns from the tool nose of the turning tool; and then opening the PVD coating machine, adjusting PVD deposition process parameters, and plating an AlTiN hard coating on the microtextured turning tools with different depths on the front tool face of the turning tool.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The cutter with the coating is characterized in that a micro-texture coating is compounded on the surface of the front cutter face of the cutter, and the micro-texture coating consists of a micro-texture and a coating compounded on the surface of the micro-texture; when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is 200-600 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2 mu m, and when the distance between the micro-texture and the tool nose is more than 600 mu m, the depth of the micro-texture is 5-30 mu m.
2. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the micro-texture has a pitch of 150 to 600 nm.
3. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the microtextured features are pits or linear grooves.
4. The tool according to claim 1 or 3, wherein when the micro-texture features are pits, the diameter of the micro-texture is 70-150 μm.
5. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the microtextured boundary is a rounded transition.
6. The tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is a cemented carbide based tool.
7. The method of making a coated cutting tool according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
A) after the cutter is pre-cleaned, processing micro-textures with different depths, so that when the distance between the micro-textures and the cutter tip is 200-600 microns, the depth of the micro-textures is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 microns, and when the distance between the micro-textures and the cutter tip is greater than 600 microns, the depth of the micro-textures is 5-30 microns;
B) and coating a film on the micro-texture surface to obtain the cutter with the coating.
8. The method for preparing the composite material according to claim 7, wherein the pre-washing method comprises the following steps:
and ultrasonically cleaning the cutter in acetone and alcohol for 15-20 min.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the coating is performed by PVD.
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| CN202010002862.3A CN111054940A (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Cutter with coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010002862.3A CN111054940A (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Cutter with coating and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114481024A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏佳搏实业发展集团有限公司 | High-performance aluminum alloy die ceramic coating and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200424 |
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