CN111037917B - FDM printing method, system and medium based on model splitting and splicing printing - Google Patents
FDM printing method, system and medium based on model splitting and splicing printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111037917B CN111037917B CN201911360776.3A CN201911360776A CN111037917B CN 111037917 B CN111037917 B CN 111037917B CN 201911360776 A CN201911360776 A CN 201911360776A CN 111037917 B CN111037917 B CN 111037917B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
An FDM printing method, system and medium based on model splitting and splicing printing belong to the technical field of additive manufacturing. The invention comprises the following steps: determining the forming direction of a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed; taking a plane which is perpendicular to the forming direction and has an included angle of less than 180 degrees with the adjacent plane in the model as a splitting plane, splitting the model into a plurality of sub-models; all split submodels are imported into layering software, all submodels are spliced and placed according to the forming direction and the relative position relation, and then layering slicing processing is finished; and (5) using an FDM printer to complete the additive manufacturing and forming of the product. According to the invention, through model splitting and splicing printing, adjacent printing forming in the layers of the outer surface entity forming region and the inner graph filling region in the FDM printing process can be realized, the printing quality and the bonding strength of the sliced layer are favorably improved, and the surface flatness and the mechanical property of an FDM printed product are enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an FDM printing method, an FDM printing system and an FDM printing medium based on model splitting and splicing printing, and belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing.
Background
As one of the process types included in the additive Manufacturing technology, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) performs layered slicing processing on a three-dimensional digital model along a forming direction, then controls a movement track of a spray head and a forming platform to lift according to profile information of each layer, and deposits and forms materials continuously melted and extruded from the spray head layer by layer, and finally realizes production and rapid prototype verification of a part product. Due to the characteristics of low equipment and processing cost, safe and simple operation, rich types and colors of raw materials, short production period and the like, the FDM printing technology is widely applied to the fields of prototype evaluation of new products, mold design and manufacture, small-batch product processing, education, artistic text creation and the like.
In the process of printing a product by using the FDM technology, aiming at the condition that a certain slice layer simultaneously contains two regions of the outer surface and the inner filling of a model and the two regions are adjacent, the adopted printing method is continuous scanning processing in different regions, namely, a spray head respectively prints and forms according to different filling schemes and scanning paths set by the two regions. Because the outer surface of the model generally adopts a one hundred percent reciprocating linear solid filling mode, and the internal filling structure mostly adopts a certain filling pattern and a lower filling rate. Different filling modes, filling rates and path scanning directions easily cause the solid structure on the outer surface of the printed model to collapse and warp near the regional boundary, so that the surface quality of a formed part is directly influenced, a sufficient supporting base cannot be provided for printing a subsequent outer contour structure, the bonding strength between material layers is influenced, and the requirements of a product on the surface quality and the mechanical property cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, and the FDM printing method, the FDM printing system and the FDM printing medium based on model splitting and splicing printing are provided.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: an FDM printing method based on model splitting and splicing printing comprises the following steps:
acquiring a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed, and determining the forming direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed;
splitting a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed into a plurality of sub-models;
splicing and placing each sub-model according to the relative position relationship between the forming direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed and the sub-models, and then finishing the layered slicing processing;
and (3) performing additive manufacturing forming of the product by using an FDM printer.
Furthermore, the forming direction is the least plane between the surface external normal direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed and the positive direction included angle of the Z axis of the printer at 135-180 degrees, and the added process support is easy to remove.
Further, the step of splitting the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed into a plurality of sub-models comprises:
placing the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed according to the forming direction;
and taking a plane of an outer surface which is perpendicular to the forming direction and has an external included angle smaller than 180 degrees with an adjacent surface in the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed as a splitting surface, and splitting the solid part adjacent to the outer surface in the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed.
Further, the outer included angle is: and taking any point on the intersecting line, respectively making rays which are perpendicular to the point on the outer surface and the adjacent surface of the outer surface in the model, which are perpendicular to the forming direction, and forming an included angle between the two rays outside the solid structure of the model.
An FDM printing system based on model splitting and splicing printing comprises
The first module is used for acquiring a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed and determining the forming direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed;
the second module is used for splitting the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed into a plurality of sub-models;
the third module is used for splicing and placing each sub-model according to the relative position relationship between the forming direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed and the sub-models, and then finishing the layered slicing processing;
and a fourth module for completing the additive manufacturing and shaping of the product by using an FDM printer.
Furthermore, the forming direction is the least plane between the surface external normal direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed and the positive direction included angle of the Z axis of the printer at 135-180 degrees, and the added process support is easy to remove.
Further, the method for splitting the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed into a plurality of sub-models comprises the following specific steps:
placing the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed according to the forming direction;
and taking a plane of an outer surface which is perpendicular to the forming direction and has an external included angle smaller than 180 degrees with an adjacent surface in the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed as a splitting surface, and splitting the solid part adjacent to the outer surface in the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed.
Further, the outer included angle is: and taking any point on the intersecting line, respectively making rays which are perpendicular to the point on the outer surface and the adjacent surface of the outer surface in the model, which are perpendicular to the forming direction, and forming an included angle between the two rays outside the solid structure of the model.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the FDM printing method of model based splitting and stitching printing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the forming direction and the structural characteristics of the three-dimensional digital model, the model is horizontally split, and adjacent transition-free areas with huge differences between the outer surface entity filling mode and the inner graph filling mode and the scanning strategy can be effectively avoided in the same slicing layer in the layered slicing processing process, so that the processing efficiency of the layered slicing layer can be improved, the problems of collapse and warping caused by sudden change of the peripheral filling rate and frequent start and stop of sprayer feeding of the outer surface entity filling structure near the boundary of the area can be solved, a sufficient support and bonding foundation is provided for subsequent deposition materials, and the surface quality and the mechanical property of an FDM printing product are sufficiently improved;
(2) according to the invention, the split submodels are assembled and restored into a complete three-dimensional model structure by adopting a splicing placement and integral printing method, and printing is completed at one time, so that an FDM printed product consistent with the three-dimensional digital model structure can be obtained without subsequent splicing and pasting, and the processing efficiency of the product can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a product model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the result of model splitting used in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained and illustrated in the following figures and detailed description of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, an FDM printing method based on model splitting and splicing printing includes the following steps:
step one, determining the forming direction of a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed;
step two, splitting the model into a plurality of sub models through a three-dimensional model editing technology;
step three, guiding all split submodels into layered software, splicing and placing each submodel according to the forming direction and the relative position relation, and then finishing layered slicing processing;
and step four, finishing the additive manufacturing and forming of the product by using an FDM printer.
According to the FDM printing method based on model splitting and splicing printing, in the first step, the forming direction is the placing direction in which the included angle between the outer normal direction of the surface of the three-dimensional model and the Z-axis forward direction of the printer is as small as possible and the added process supports are easy to remove.
In the above FDM printing method based on model splitting and splicing printing, in the second step, the specific method of model splitting is:
a) placing the model according to the forming direction;
b) taking a plane of an outer surface, which is perpendicular to the forming direction and has an outer included angle smaller than 180 degrees with an adjacent surface, in the model as a splitting surface, and splitting a solid part, which is adjacent to the outer surface, in the model;
c) and respectively storing the split sub-models into file formats which can be identified by layered software.
In the above FDM printing method based on model splitting and splicing printing, the outer included angle in the model splitting method b) refers to: and taking any point on the intersecting line, respectively making rays which are perpendicular to the point on the outer surface and the adjacent surface of the outer surface in the model, which are perpendicular to the forming direction, and forming an included angle between the two rays outside the solid structure of the model.
Taking a three-dimensional digital model as shown in fig. 2 as an example, when a grid type filling pattern, a filling rate of 15% and a layer height parameter of 0.15mm are selected to perform layered slicing processing on the model, in order to avoid that when the three-dimensional digital model is directly subjected to the layered slicing processing, a layered slicing result of surface entity filling and internal pattern filling exists at a plane a which is perpendicular to a forming direction and has an included angle smaller than 180 degrees with an adjacent surface, and collapse and warping defects occur on a filled part of a surface entity due to the difference of the filling rate and the direction of a scanning path, so that the surface quality problem is reduced, the embodiment of the invention provides an FDM printing method based on model splitting and splicing printing, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining a printing direction of the three-dimensional digital model as shown in fig. 2;
step two, taking the plane of the surface A in the model as a splitting surface, splitting the model into two sub-models as shown in figure 3 by a three-dimensional model editing technology, and respectively storing the two sub-models into an STL file format;
step three, importing all split sub-models into layering software, splicing and placing the two sub-models according to the forming direction and the relative position relation, and performing layering slicing processing on the models by using the same process parameters;
and step four, finishing the additive manufacturing and forming of the product by using an FDM printer.
In conclusion, the method provided by the invention can effectively improve the surface quality of the FDM printed product, provides sufficient support and bonding foundation for the subsequent deposited material, and further improves the mechanical property of the product.
The invention has not been described in detail in part of the common general knowledge of those skilled in the art. The specific embodiments described are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (3)
1. An FDM printing method based on model splitting and splicing printing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed, and determining the forming direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed;
splitting a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed into a plurality of sub-models;
splicing and placing each sub-model according to the relative position relationship between the forming direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed and the sub-models, and then finishing the layered slicing processing;
using an FDM printer to complete the additive manufacturing and shaping of the product;
the forming direction is the placing direction in which the included angle between the surface external normal direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed and the positive direction of the Z axis of the printer is at least 135-180 degrees, and the added process support is easy to remove;
the step of splitting the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed into a plurality of sub-models comprises the following steps:
placing the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed according to the forming direction;
taking a plane of an outer surface, which is perpendicular to a forming direction and has an outer included angle smaller than 180 degrees with an adjacent surface, in the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed as a splitting surface, and splitting an entity part, which is adjacent to the outer surface, in the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed;
the outer included angle is: taking any point on the intersecting line, respectively making rays which pass through the point on the outer surface perpendicular to the forming direction in the model and the adjacent surface of the outer surface, and are perpendicular to the intersecting line, wherein the two rays form an included angle outside the solid structure of the model;
the method can effectively avoid two filling modes of outer surface solid filling and inner graph filling in the same slicing layer in the layered slicing processing process.
2. The utility model provides a FDM printing system based on model split and concatenation are printed which characterized in that: comprises that
The first module is used for acquiring a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed and determining the forming direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed;
the second module is used for splitting the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed into a plurality of sub-models;
the third module is used for splicing and placing each sub-model according to the relative position relationship between the forming direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed and the sub-models, and then finishing the layered slicing processing;
a fourth module, which uses an FDM printer to complete the additive manufacturing and forming of the product;
the forming direction is the placing direction in which the included angle between the surface external normal direction of the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed and the positive direction of the Z axis of the printer is at least 135-180 degrees, and the added process support is easy to remove;
the method comprises the following steps of splitting a three-dimensional model of a product to be printed into a plurality of sub-models, wherein the specific steps comprise:
placing the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed according to the forming direction;
taking a plane of an outer surface, which is perpendicular to a forming direction and has an external included angle smaller than 180 degrees with an adjacent surface, in the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed as a splitting surface, and splitting an entity part, which is adjacent to the outer surface, in the three-dimensional model of the product to be printed;
the outer included angle is: taking any point on the intersecting line, respectively making rays which pass through the point on the outer surface perpendicular to the forming direction in the model and the adjacent surface of the outer surface, and are perpendicular to the intersecting line, wherein the two rays form an included angle outside the solid structure of the model;
the method can effectively avoid two filling modes of outer surface solid filling and inner graph filling in the same slicing layer in the layered slicing processing process.
3. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method as claimed in claim 1.
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| CN112091209A (en) * | 2020-08-08 | 2020-12-18 | 华融普瑞(北京)科技有限公司 | 3D printing implementation method for automobile A column guard plate |
| CN112191850B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-16 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Step-by-step additive manufacturing method, equipment and system |
| CN113021881A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 湖南华曙高科技有限责任公司 | Forming method and forming equipment for complex truss structure workpiece and readable storage medium |
| CN113450464A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-28 | 浙江闪铸三维科技有限公司 | Method for automatically splitting three-dimensional model |
| CN113733559B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-03-28 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-platform efficient material extrusion additive manufacturing equipment and block printing method |
| CN114043727A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-15 | 深圳拓竹科技有限公司 | Method and apparatus for 3D printing, storage medium, and program product |
| CN116352018B (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2024-02-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | Gradient self-adaptive printing shape control method for multi-material composite sand mold |
| CN117601424B (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-05-07 | 浙江金石智诚新材料有限公司 | Spliced 3D printing system and printing method |
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