CN111023921A - Electronic detonator detonation system for tunnel blasting - Google Patents
Electronic detonator detonation system for tunnel blasting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111023921A CN111023921A CN201911071945.1A CN201911071945A CN111023921A CN 111023921 A CN111023921 A CN 111023921A CN 201911071945 A CN201911071945 A CN 201911071945A CN 111023921 A CN111023921 A CN 111023921A
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- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004091 panning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
- F42C19/12—Primers; Detonators electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of blasting, and discloses an electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting, which is used for reducing the probability of blind blasting during tunnel blasting and managing the blind blasting. The invention comprises a handheld terminal, a control center, an exploder, an encoder and an electronic detonator; the handheld terminal is communicated with the control center through a wireless network, bar codes corresponding to the equipment IDs are arranged outside the encoder and the electronic detonator, and the handheld terminal is provided with a camera for scanning the bar codes; if the electronic detonator fails to detonate and the circuit of the electronic detonator is intact, the handheld terminal is used for scanning the bar code of the electronic detonator which fails to detonate and the bar code of the corresponding encoder, acquiring the ID of the electronic detonator which fails to detonate and the ID of the encoder, and reporting the acquired ID to a control center for blind shot management, wherein the blind shot management comprises secondary detonation authorization and destruction authorization, so that the blind shot is convenient to recycle or placed to run off the society. The invention is suitable for tunnel blasting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blasting, in particular to an electronic detonator priming system for tunnel blasting.
Background
The industrial digital electronic detonator is an electronic detonator which adopts an electronic control module to control the detonation process, and is an industrial detonator which applies the microelectronic technology, the digital technology and the encryption technology to realize the functions of time delay, communication, encryption, control and the like. In the use process of the electronic detonator, particularly in tunnel blasting with dense blast holes, the detonation reliability of the electronic detonator is greatly reduced, a large number of detonator refusal detonation phenomena occur, once the detonator is detonated, data is uploaded, the detonator is not detonated actually, the society is lost, the social safety is damaged, a competent department cannot control the detonator, and the safety of engineering blasting and the operation progress are adversely affected. The main reason is that a large number of electronic detonators are densely arranged, each electronic detonator receives external information and mutually interferes to cause deviation of blasting time, and in addition, severe conditions such as blasting shock waves, blasting pressure and the like damage the electronic chip to cause failure of chip time, or the blasting detonator is firstly blasted to the blasting detonator later, so that blind blasting occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the electronic detonator detonation system for tunnel blasting is used for reducing the probability of blind blasting during tunnel blasting and managing the blind blasting.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting comprises a handheld terminal, a control center, an initiator, a coder and an electronic detonator; the handheld terminal is communicated with the control center through a wireless network, bar codes corresponding to equipment IDs are arranged outside the encoder and the electronic detonator, and the handheld terminal is provided with a camera for scanning the bar codes;
the control center is used for carrying out detonation authorization according to the ID of the encoder and the ID of the electronic detonator, generating a disposable detonation password and issuing the detonation password to the detonator;
the detonator is used for setting a delay detonation program, triggering detonation and sending the detonation program to the encoder; before triggering detonation, the detonator needs to obtain a correct detonation password from a control center;
the encoder is used for reading the ID of the electronic detonator connected with the encoder and reporting the ID of the encoder and the read ID of the electronic detonator to the control center; after receiving the delayed initiation program, the encoder sets the initiation time of each electronic detonator according to the delayed initiation program, and controls the initiation of the electronic detonators one by one according to the initiation time of each electronic detonator after the initiator triggers initiation;
if the electronic detonator fails to detonate and the circuit of the electronic detonator is intact, the handheld terminal is used for scanning a bar code of the electronic detonator (namely, a blind gun) which fails to detonate and a bar code of a corresponding encoder, acquiring an ID of the electronic detonator which fails to detonate and an ID of the encoder, and reporting the acquired IDs to a control center for blind gun management, wherein the blind gun management comprises secondary detonation authorization and destruction authorization, so that the blind gun is convenient to recycle or place and run off to the society, and social safety is damaged.
Further, if the secondary detonation of the electronic detonator fails, the control center directly sends a destruction instruction to the handheld terminal to remind an exploder to destroy the electronic detonator, so that the blind shot is prevented from running off to the society and the social safety is prevented from being damaged.
Further, because handheld terminal is generally carried on the blasting person with the sound, during the blasting operation, the blasting person is generally far away from the control center, therefore handheld terminal accessible 4G etc. remote wireless network and control center communication.
Further, after the electronic detonator is buried in the blast hole, a tag can be connected to the outside of the electronic detonator in order to facilitate code scanning of the handheld terminal, so that the barcode of the electronic detonator is arranged on the tag.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the influence of the first-explosion detonator on each blast hole of the second-explosion detonator, a hole bottom reverse initiation mode can be adopted when the electronic detonator is initiated.
Specifically, the electronic detonator can be arranged in the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the peripheral hole; the interval of delayed initiation between the cut holes can be set to be 3-5 ms, the time interval of delayed initiation between the first auxiliary hole and the last cut hole can be set to be 25ms, the interval of delayed initiation between the auxiliary holes can be set to be 3-5 ms, the interval of delayed initiation between the first peripheral hole and the last auxiliary hole can be set to be 25ms, and the interval of delayed initiation between the peripheral holes can be set to be 1 ms.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the electronic detonators are numbered, the delay time is convenient to set, errors are not easy to occur, a hole-by-hole reverse detonation mode is adopted, the generation probability of blind cannons is reduced, the blasting vibration is reduced by more than 60-80%, and meanwhile, blasting shock waves, flying stones and noise are reduced to the minimum degree, so that the blind cannons are particularly avoided, the blind cannon processing procedures are reduced, the construction progress is fast, the safety is ensured, and the phenomenon that the blind cannon detonators cannot be judged by uploading the current electronic detonator activation data is also solved. When the phenomenon of detonator rejection occurs, the ID of the electronic detonator which fails in detonation and the ID of the corresponding encoder are reported to a control center for abnormal management, so that the blind cannon is convenient to recycle or place and run off to the society, and the social safety is damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the gun hole number and the delay time distribution of each gun hole of the embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to reduce blasting vibration, shock wave, flying stones and noise of tunnel blasting, protect surrounding rocks, avoid blind shots, improve productivity and ensure safety; and if the phenomenon of detonator misfiring occurs, managing and controlling whether the blind blasting detonators are processed. The invention provides an electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting, which comprises a handheld terminal, a control center, an initiator, an encoder and an electronic detonator, wherein bar codes corresponding to equipment IDs are arranged outside the encoder and the electronic detonator, and the handheld terminal is provided with a camera used for scanning the bar codes. When the electronic detonator is buried in the blast hole, a tag can be connected to the outside of the electronic detonator in order to facilitate code scanning of the handheld terminal, so that the bar code of the electronic detonator is arranged on the tag.
In the invention, because the handheld terminal is generally carried on the body of the blaster along with the sound, and the blaster is generally far away from the control center during blasting operation, the handheld terminal can communicate with the control center through remote wireless networks such as 4G and the like.
According to the invention, after blasting is finished, if an electronic detonator fails to detonate (namely a blind shot occurs), and the circuit of the electronic detonator is intact, the bar code of the electronic detonator which fails to detonate and the bar code of the corresponding encoder can be scanned by the handheld terminal, the ID of the electronic detonator which fails to detonate and the ID of the encoder are obtained, and the obtained ID is reported to a control center for blind shot management, wherein the blind shot management comprises secondary detonation authorization and destruction authorization, so that the recovery or placement of the blind shot is facilitated, the social security is damaged, and the blind shot management is convenient. If the secondary detonation of the electronic detonator fails, the control center directly sends a destruction instruction to the handheld terminal to remind an exploder of destroying the electronic detonator.
In the invention, a hole bottom reverse initiation mode can be adopted when the electronic detonator is initiated, and when the blast hole is filled, the electronic detonator is firstly put at the hole bottom and then the explosive is filled, and then the blast hole is filled by using stemming or rock slag.
In the invention, the control center is used for carrying out detonation authorization according to the ID of the encoder and the ID of the electronic detonator, generating a disposable detonation password and issuing the detonation password to the detonator;
in the invention, the detonator is used for setting a delay detonation program, triggering detonation and sending the detonation program to the encoder; before triggering detonation, the detonator needs to obtain a correct detonation password from a control center;
in the invention, the encoder is used for reading the ID of the electronic detonator connected with the encoder and reporting the ID of the encoder and the read ID of the electronic detonator to the control center; after receiving the delayed initiation program, the encoder sets the initiation time of each electronic detonator according to the delayed initiation program, and controls the initiation of the electronic detonators one by one according to the initiation time of each electronic detonator after the initiator triggers initiation.
In the invention, the electronic detonator is arranged in the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the peripheral hole; the interval of delayed initiation between the cut holes can be set to be 3-5 ms, the time interval of delayed initiation between the first auxiliary hole and the last cut hole can be set to be 25ms, the interval of delayed initiation between the auxiliary holes can be set to be 3-5 ms, the interval of delayed initiation between the first peripheral hole and the last auxiliary hole can be set to be 25ms, and the interval of delayed initiation between the peripheral holes can be set to be 1 ms.
The specific working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. excavating various blast holes such as cut holes, auxiliary holes and peripheral holes according to requirements, wherein when the blast holes are filled, electronic detonators are firstly placed at the bottoms of the holes and then explosives are loaded, and then stemming or rock slag is used for filling;
2. after the electronic detonator is set, the leg wire of the electronic detonator is connected with the encoder, then the encoder reads the ID of the electronic detonator connected with the encoder, and the ID of the electronic detonator and the read ID of the electronic detonator are reported to the control center through the detonator;
3. the control center is used for carrying out detonation authorization according to the ID of the encoder and the ID of the electronic detonator, generating a disposable detonation password and issuing the detonation password to the detonator;
4. setting a delayed detonation program on the detonator, and sending the detonation program to the encoder;
5. after receiving the delayed initiation program, the encoder sets the initiation time of each electronic detonator according to the delayed initiation program, and controls the hole bottom reverse initiation of the electronic detonators one by one according to the initiation time of each electronic detonator after the initiator triggers initiation;
6. after the blasting, the blasting person inspects this blasting condition, if there is electronic detonator detonation failure (blind gun appears promptly), and the circuit of blind gun is intact, the blasting person scans the bar code of the electronic detonator of detonation failure and the bar code of corresponding encoder through handheld terminal, acquire the ID of the electronic detonator of detonation failure and the ID of encoder, and report the ID that acquires to the management and control center and carry out the blind gun management, the management and control center carries out secondary detonation authorization and destruction authorization to the blind gun according to the condition, thereby be convenient for the recovery of blind gun or place and run off to the society, harm social security.
Example 1
Full-section excavation, vertical hole panning, blast hole diameter 42mm, circulation footage 2.5m, panning groove hole depth 3m, peripheral hole depth 2.8m, supplementary hole depth 2.7m, a 89mm dead eye is bored in the middle, 8 cover slotted holes are arranged in proper order all around the dead eye, peripheral hole 37, supplementary hole 28. And after single shot detection of the electronic detonator, manufacturing a detonating body, and filling each blast hole with a detonating powder package, powder and stuffing. When the electronic detonator is detonated, a hole bottom reverse detonation mode is adopted, the electronic detonator is firstly placed at the hole bottom and then is filled with explosive, then stemming or rock slag is adopted for filling, the continuous explosive charging structure of the chute holes and the auxiliary holes is adopted, the peripheral holes are not charged in a coupling mode, the full length of the detonating cord is detonated, then the labeling of the chute holes of the chute cover is started, the barcode is swept and the delay time is set, the delay time is set as shown in figure 2, the delay detonation interval between the undermined holes can be set to be 3 ms-5 ms, the delay detonation time interval between the first auxiliary hole and the last undermined hole can be set to be 25ms, the delay detonation interval between the first peripheral hole and the last auxiliary hole can be set to be 1 ms. The electronic detonator is detonated all hole by hole after the network connection, the blasting effect is good, the utilization rate of blast holes is 90%, each blast hole is detonated, the explosive quantity is small, the next blast hole is detonated reversely, the phenomenon of extrusion is not caused, and the condition that a short circuit is broken in the first blast hole and the second blast hole is adopted.
Example 2
The method comprises the steps of full-section excavation, vertical hole panning, blast hole diameter of 42mm, cyclic footage of 2.5m, panning hole depth of 3m, peripheral hole depth of 2.8m, auxiliary hole depth of 2.7m, 89mm hollow holes drilled in the middle, 8 slotted holes uniformly arranged around the hollow holes, 37 peripheral holes and 28 auxiliary holes. And after single shot detection of the electronic detonator, manufacturing a detonating body, and filling each blast hole with a detonating powder package, powder and stuffing. The method is characterized in that a positive initiation mode is adopted for explosive charging and initiation, a groove washing hole and an auxiliary hole are in a continuous explosive charging structure, peripheral holes are not subjected to coupled explosive charging, the full length of an explosive fuse is initiated, then the mark of the groove washing hole is started, bar codes are scanned, and delay time is set according to a conventional method, 4 inner grooves are 0ms, the other 4 groove washing holes are all set to be 25ms, a row of auxiliary holes close to the groove washing hole is set to be 50ms, auxiliary holes close to the peripheral holes are set to be 100ms, all the peripheral holes are set to be 150ms, and after initiation, a large number of unexploded detonators appear in the auxiliary holes and the peripheral holes. The method mainly comprises the steps that a large number of electronic detonators are densely arranged, each electronic detonator receives external information and mutually interferes, each section of electronic detonators is large in dose, severe conditions such as explosion shock waves and explosion pressure damage electronic chips, chip time is caused to be invalid, or the detonators are firstly exploded to the detonators, so that the blind detonators are generated. At the moment, after the blind cannon appears, because the blind cannon is not reported through the handheld terminal, even if the detection circuit is intact, detonation authorization cannot be obtained, the difficulty is increased for blind cannon treatment, and the blind cannon cannot be controlled.
Claims (6)
1. The electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting is characterized by comprising a handheld terminal, a control center, an initiator, a coder and an electronic detonator; the handheld terminal is communicated with the control center through a wireless network, bar codes corresponding to equipment IDs are arranged outside the encoder and the electronic detonator, and the handheld terminal is provided with a camera for scanning the bar codes;
the control center is used for carrying out detonation authorization according to the ID of the encoder and the ID of the electronic detonator, generating a disposable detonation password and issuing the detonation password to the detonator;
the detonator is used for setting a delay detonation program, triggering detonation and sending the detonation program to the encoder; before triggering detonation, the detonator needs to obtain a correct detonation password from a control center;
the encoder is used for reading the ID of the electronic detonator connected with the encoder and reporting the ID of the encoder and the read ID of the electronic detonator to the control center; after receiving the delayed initiation program, the encoder sets the initiation time of each electronic detonator according to the delayed initiation program, and controls the initiation of the electronic detonators one by one according to the initiation time of each electronic detonator after the initiator triggers initiation;
if the electronic detonator fails to detonate and the circuit of the electronic detonator is intact, the handheld terminal is used for scanning the bar code of the electronic detonator which fails to detonate and the bar code of the corresponding encoder, acquiring the ID of the electronic detonator which fails to detonate and the ID of the encoder, and reporting the acquired ID to a control center for blind shot management, wherein the blind shot management comprises secondary detonation authorization and destruction authorization.
2. The electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, wherein if the secondary initiation of the electronic detonator also fails, the management and control center directly issues a destruction instruction to the handheld terminal to remind a blaster to destroy the electronic detonator.
3. The electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting of claim 1, wherein the handheld terminal communicates with the management and control center through a 4G network.
4. The electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, wherein a tag is attached to an outside of the electronic detonator, and the barcode of the electronic detonator is disposed on the tag.
5. The electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, wherein the electronic detonator is initiated by a hole bottom reverse initiation method.
6. The electronic detonator initiation system for tunnel blasting according to claim 5, wherein the electronic detonator is disposed in the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the peripheral hole; the interval of delayed detonation between the cut holes is 3-5 ms, the time interval of delayed detonation between the first auxiliary hole and the last cut hole is 25ms, the interval of delayed detonation between the auxiliary holes is 3-5 ms, the interval of delayed detonation between the first peripheral hole and the last auxiliary hole is 25ms, and the interval of delayed detonation between the peripheral holes is 1 ms.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911071945.1A CN111023921A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Electronic detonator detonation system for tunnel blasting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911071945.1A CN111023921A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Electronic detonator detonation system for tunnel blasting |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111578802A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 广州市顺兴石场有限公司 | High-acquisition-degree mine smooth blasting mining method |
| CN112348470A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-09 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | High-efficient registration of electron detonator and problem feedback system |
| CN112945020A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 葛洲坝易普力(湖南)科技有限公司 | Electronically controlled carbon dioxide expansion blasting device, blasting system and blasting method |
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| CN112348470A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-09 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | High-efficient registration of electron detonator and problem feedback system |
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| CN112945020A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 葛洲坝易普力(湖南)科技有限公司 | Electronically controlled carbon dioxide expansion blasting device, blasting system and blasting method |
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