CN111016179A - Variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing - Google Patents

Variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing Download PDF

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CN111016179A
CN111016179A CN201911215438.0A CN201911215438A CN111016179A CN 111016179 A CN111016179 A CN 111016179A CN 201911215438 A CN201911215438 A CN 201911215438A CN 111016179 A CN111016179 A CN 111016179A
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layer
theta
thickness
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subdivision
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CN111016179B (en
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杨东辉
牛雯
史超
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Xian Bright Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

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Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing, which comprises the steps of pre-subdividing a part, calling layer profile information and layer area information after the part is pre-subdivided, calculating an included angle theta between each layer of profile and a printing direction and an area difference rate b between layers, and then calculating a calculated theta value and a calculated b value and an included angle threshold thetaiSum area difference rate threshold biComparing, and generating a non-zero value for the regions with different heights of the part according to the calculation resultThe same thickness as the printing layer. According to the variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing, the problems that the printer time of a printed part is too long, the service cycle of equipment occupied by the printed part is too long, and the forming efficiency of the printed part is low are solved by realizing variable-layer-thickness printing.

Description

Variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and relates to a variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing.
Background
With the continuous development of a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) forming technology, the requirements on the forming technology and the forming efficiency of large-scale complex-structure parts by using the process are more and more urgent, and the existing SLM process mainly divides the parts by equal layer thickness, namely, the parts are printed by using one layer thickness after being divided; for some complex parts with large forming sections, in order to take surface quality of some fine structures into consideration, on the premise of equal layer thickness subdivision, only small layer thickness can be adopted for printing, the machine time for actual part printing is too long, the efficiency is low, the printing cost and the printing period of the parts are further increased, and the improvement of the competitiveness of SLM technology printing parts is not facilitated.
Therefore, for large-sized complex-structure parts, it is important to develop a method capable of realizing variable-layer-thickness subdivision, when the method is used for subdividing the parts, the parts can be subdivided by applying small layer thickness when the included angle between the printed parts and the printing direction is large, the printing precision of the parts and the surface roughness of the printed parts are improved, and when the included angle between the parts and the printing direction is small, the large-layer-thickness subdivision is applied, the forming efficiency of the printed parts is improved, and meanwhile, when a printer of the printed parts can be reduced, the equipment service cycle of the printed parts is shortened, the part printing cost is reduced, and the forming efficiency of the parts is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing, which solves the problems of overlong time of a printer of a printed part, overlong service cycle of equipment occupied by the printed part and low forming efficiency of the printed part by realizing variable-layer-thickness printing.
The technical scheme includes that the method for calculating the variable-layer-thickness subdivision based on additive manufacturing comprises the steps of pre-subdividing a part, calling layer profile information and layer area information after the part is pre-subdivided, calculating an included angle theta between each layer of profile and a printing direction and an area difference rate b between layers, and calculating a theta value, a b value and an included angle threshold valueθiSum area difference rate threshold biAnd comparing, and printing different layer thicknesses in different height areas of the part according to the calculation result.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the pre-subdivision of the part specifically comprises the following steps:
and carrying out support adding on the printed part, generating a three-dimensional printing model of the part, and then carrying out pre-subdivision treatment on the three-dimensional printing model of the part.
The specific process of the pre-subdivision treatment according to the three-dimensional model of the part is as follows:
performing a three-dimensional model of the part with a default thickness of C0And (4) carrying out pre-splitting treatment, and then storing the part slice layer information obtained by the pre-splitting treatment.
Calling layer contour information and layer area information after the part is pre-divided, and calculating an included angle theta between each layer of contour and the printing direction and an area difference rate b between layers, specifically:
step 1, calling information of a pre-split layer, calculating included angles theta between all outer surfaces of each layer of parts and a printing direction after pre-splitting, wherein the number m of the included angles calculated by each layer is more than or equal to 1, and then calculating the following steps: calculating the maximum value of all included angles of any layer a as the included angle theta of the current layer aaI.e. thetaa＝max{θ1,θ2,…,θm}; and analogizing in sequence, obtaining an included angle set R ═ theta of all layers of the pre-split part1，θ2，…,θnN is the total number of the parts to be pre-split;
step 2, calling information of the pre-splitting layer, calculating the area of each layer of slices, and then calculating the following steps: setting the total number of the slicing layers after the part is divided to be n, and dividing the slicing area S of any a-th layeraSlice area S of slice of a +1 th layera+1Calculating the difference to obtain the absolute value S of the area difference between two adjacent layersiI.e. Si＝|Sa-Sa+1L, wherein n is more than or equal to a +1, and n and a are positive integers; simultaneously, the slice area S of the a-th layer is determinedaSlice area S of slice of a +1 th layera+1Maximum ofArea SmaxAccording to SiAnd SmaxThe area difference rate between each layer and the next layer can be obtained
Figure BDA0002299378060000031
Handle baAs the area difference rate of the current layer a, the area difference rates of all layers of the pre-split part form a set U ═ b1，b2，…,bn}。
Let the threshold value of the angle between the printing direction and the angle set by the user be thetaiThe area difference ratio threshold value between two adjacent layers is biThen theta will be seti、biComparing the included angles in the included angle set R of all layers with the area difference rate in the area difference rate set U of all layers one by one, extracting and dividing areas with different heights according to a comparison result, and then subdividing the areas with different heights according to set different layer thicknesses, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, when thetax≤θiWhen theta is greater than thetaxE set R, R ═ θ1，θ2，…,θn}，bxE set U, U ═ b1，b2，…,bnAnd f, extracting the corresponding layer, and then, according to the layer thickness C set by a user, extracting the corresponding layer1Subdividing is carried out;
step 3.2, when thetax＞θiWhen theta is greater than thetaxE set R, R ═ θ1，θ2，…,θn}，bxE set U, U ═ b1，b2，…,bnAnd n is equal to the total number of pre-subdivision layers, x is less than or equal to n, wherein x and n are positive integers:
if thetax＞θiAnd b isx≤biExtracting the corresponding layer, and then, according to the layer thickness C set by the user, the corresponding layer is extracted2Subdividing is carried out;
if thetax＞θiAnd b isx＞biIf the layer thickness of the current layer x is equal to the layer thickness of the next layer x +1, then the next layer is continuously calculated by comparison:
A. if the next layer is thetax+1≤θiThen the current layer thickness is equal to C1；
B. If the next layer is thetax+1＞θiAnd b isx+1≤biThen the current layer thickness is equal to C2；
C. If the next layer is thetax+1＞θiAnd b isx+1＞biIf the layer thickness of the x +1 layer is equal to the layer thickness of the x +2 layer, then the operation of the step A, B, C is circularly carried out;
wherein, C1And C2Is set autonomously by the user, and C1＞C2。
User set included angle threshold thetaiThere are several parts, namely, the printed parts will be divided into several height areas with different layer thicknesses for subdivision and printing.
If the user sets a plurality of included angle threshold values thetaiAnd, correspondingly, each angle threshold thetaiThe corresponding layer thickness C value is set.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for realizing variable-layer thickness subdivision for large-scale complex-structure parts, which is characterized in that subdivision is carried out by applying a small layer thickness when an included angle between a printed part and a printing direction is large, so that the printing precision of the part and the surface roughness of the printed part are improved, and large-layer thickness subdivision is applied when the included angle between the part and the printing direction is small, so that the forming efficiency of the printed part is improved, and meanwhile, when a printer of the printed part can be reduced, the equipment service cycle of the printed part is shortened, the part printing cost is reduced, and the forming efficiency of the part is improved.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a variable layer thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an included angle θ between the outer surface of an arbitrary split layer n and the printing direction in the variable-layer-thickness splitting calculation method based on additive manufacturingnA schematic diagram of the calculation of (1);
FIG. 3 is a layer thickness variation subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturingArea difference ratio b of any layer a in the methodaA schematic diagram of the calculation of (1).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing, which has the flow shown in figure 1 and comprises the steps of pre-subdividing a part, calling layer contour information and layer area information after the part is pre-subdivided, calculating an included angle theta between each layer contour and a printing direction and an area difference rate b between layers, and then calculating a calculated theta value, a calculated b value and an included angle threshold thetaiSum area difference rate threshold biAnd comparing, and printing different layer thicknesses in different height areas of the part according to the calculation result.
The method for pre-dividing the part specifically comprises the following steps:
and carrying out support adding on the printed part, generating a three-dimensional printing model of the part, and then carrying out pre-subdivision treatment on the three-dimensional printing model of the part.
The specific process of the pre-subdivision treatment according to the three-dimensional model of the part is as follows:
performing a three-dimensional model of the part with a default thickness of C0And (4) carrying out pre-splitting treatment, and then storing the part slice layer information obtained by the pre-splitting treatment.
The method comprises the following steps of calling layer profile information and layer area information after the part is pre-divided, calculating an included angle theta between each layer of profile and a printing direction and an area difference value rate b between layers, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, calling information of a pre-split layer, calculating included angles theta between all outer surfaces of each layer of parts and a printing direction after pre-splitting as shown in fig. 2, wherein the number m of the included angles calculated by each layer is more than or equal to 1, and then calculating the following steps: calculating the maximum value of all included angles of any layer a as the included angle theta of the current layer aaI.e. thetaa＝max{θ1,θ2,…,θm}; and analogizing in sequence, obtaining an included angle set R ═ theta of all layers of the pre-split part1，θ2，…,θnWherein n ═ nPre-dividing the total layer number of the part;
step 2, calling the information of the pre-splitting layer, calculating the area of the slice of each layer as shown in fig. 3, and then calculating the following: setting the total number of the slicing layers after the part is divided to be n, and dividing the slicing area S of any a-th layeraSlice area S of slice of a +1 th layera+1Calculating the difference to obtain the absolute value S of the area difference between two adjacent layersiI.e. Si＝|Sa-Sa+1L, wherein n is more than or equal to a +1, and n and a are positive integers; simultaneously, the slice area S of the a-th layer is determinedaSlice area S of slice of a +1 th layera+1Maximum area S inmaxAccording to SiAnd SmaxThe area difference rate between each layer and the next layer can be obtained
Figure BDA0002299378060000051
Handle baAs the area difference rate of the current layer a, the area difference rates of all layers of the pre-split part form a set U ═ b1，b2，…,bn}。
Wherein, the angle threshold value of the included angle between the printing direction and the angle threshold value set by the user is set as thetaiThe area difference ratio threshold value between two adjacent layers is biThen theta will be seti、biComparing the included angles in the included angle set R of all layers with the area difference rate in the area difference rate set U of all layers one by one, extracting and dividing areas with different heights according to a comparison result, and then subdividing the areas with different heights according to set different layer thicknesses, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, when thetax≤θiWhen theta is greater than thetaxE set R, R ═ θ1，θ2，…,θn}，bxE set U, U ═ b1，b2，…,bnAnd f, extracting the corresponding layer, and then, according to the layer thickness C set by a user, extracting the corresponding layer1Subdividing is carried out;
step 3.2, when thetax＞θiWhen theta is greater than thetaxE set R, R ═ θ1，θ2，…,θn}，bxE set U, U ═ b1，b2，…,bnAnd n is equal to the total number of pre-subdivision layers, x is less than or equal to n, wherein x and n are positive integers:
if thetax＞θiAnd b isx≤biExtracting the corresponding layer, and then, according to the layer thickness C set by the user, the corresponding layer is extracted2Subdividing is carried out;
if thetax＞θiAnd b isx＞biIf the layer thickness of the current layer x is equal to the layer thickness of the next layer x +1, then the next layer is continuously calculated by comparison:
A. if the next layer is thetax+1≤θiThen the current layer thickness is equal to C1；
B. If the next layer is thetax+1＞θiAnd b isx+1≤biThen the current layer thickness is equal to C2；
C. If the next layer is thetax+1＞θiAnd b isx+1＞biIf the layer thickness of the x +1 layer is equal to the layer thickness of the x +2 layer, then the operation of the step A, B, C is circularly carried out;
wherein, C1And C2Is set autonomously by the user, and C1＞C2。
User set included angle threshold thetaiThe number of the parts to be printed can be a plurality, namely the parts to be printed are divided into a plurality of height areas with different layer thicknesses for subdivision and printing, and if a user sets a plurality of included angle threshold values thetaiAnd, correspondingly, each angle threshold thetaiThe corresponding layer thickness C value is set.
The method can realize the layer thickness variable subdivision for the large-scale complex structure part, and can apply the small layer thickness subdivision when the included angle between the printed part and the printing direction is larger by dividing the part, so as to improve the printing precision and the surface roughness of the part, and apply the large layer thickness subdivision when the included angle between the part and the printing direction is smaller, so as to improve the forming efficiency of the part, and simultaneously shorten the equipment service cycle of the printed part and reduce the printing cost of the part when the printer of the printed part is reduced.

Claims (7)

1. A method for calculating the thickness of a variable layer based on additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising the steps of pre-dividing a part, calling layer profile information and layer area information after the part is pre-divided, calculating an included angle theta between each layer of profile and a printing direction and an area difference rate b between layers, and then calculating a calculated theta value and a calculated b value and an included angle threshold thetaiSum area difference rate threshold biAnd comparing, and printing different layer thicknesses in different height areas of the part according to the calculation result.
2. The method for calculating the variable-layer-thickness subdivision based on the additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the pre-subdivision of the part specifically comprises:
and carrying out support adding on the printed part, generating a three-dimensional printing model of the part, and then carrying out pre-subdivision treatment on the three-dimensional printing model of the part.
3. The method for calculating the variable-layer-thickness subdivision based on the additive manufacturing of claim 2, wherein the specific process of performing the pre-subdivision on the three-dimensional model of the part is as follows:
performing a three-dimensional model of the part with a default thickness of C0And (4) carrying out pre-splitting treatment, and then storing the part slice layer information obtained by the pre-splitting treatment.
4. The method for calculating the layer thickness variation subdivision based on the additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the step of calling layer profile information and layer area information after the part is pre-subdivided, and calculating an included angle θ between each layer profile and a printing direction and an area difference rate b between layers is specifically as follows:
step 1, calling information of a pre-split layer, calculating included angles theta between all outer surfaces of each layer of parts and a printing direction after pre-splitting, wherein the number m of the included angles calculated by each layer is more than or equal to 1, and then calculating the following steps: finding all of the arbitrary layers aThe maximum value of the included angles is used as the included angle theta of the current layer aaI.e. thetaa＝max{θ1,θ2,…,θm}; and analogizing in sequence, obtaining an included angle set R ═ theta of all layers of the pre-split part1，θ2，…,θnN is the total number of the parts to be pre-split;
step 2, calling information of the pre-splitting layer, calculating the area of each layer of slices, and then calculating the following steps: setting the total number of the slicing layers after the part is divided to be n, and dividing the slicing area S of any a-th layeraSlice area S of slice of a +1 th layera+1Calculating the difference to obtain the absolute value S of the area difference between two adjacent layersiI.e. Si＝|Sa-Sa+1L, wherein n is more than or equal to a +1, and n and a are positive integers; simultaneously, the slice area S of the a-th layer is determinedaSlice area S of slice of a +1 th layera+1Maximum area S inmaxAccording to SiAnd SmaxThe area difference rate between each layer and the next layer can be obtained
Figure FDA0002299378050000021
Handle baAs the area difference rate of the current layer a, the area difference rates of all layers of the pre-split part form a set U ═ b1，b2，…,bn}。
5. The method for calculating the varied-layer-thickness subdivision based on the additive manufacturing of claim 4, wherein an angle threshold value between the angle threshold value and a printing direction set by a user is set to be thetaiThe area difference ratio threshold value between two adjacent layers is biThen theta will be seti、biComparing the included angles in the included angle set R of all layers with the area difference rate in the area difference rate set U of all layers one by one, extracting and dividing areas with different heights according to a comparison result, and then subdividing the areas with different heights according to set different layer thicknesses, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, when thetax≤θiWhen theta is greater than thetaxE set R, R ═ θ1，θ2，…,θn}，bxE set U, U ═ b1，b2，…,bnAnd f, extracting the corresponding layer, and then, according to the layer thickness C set by a user, extracting the corresponding layer1Subdividing is carried out;
step 3.2, when thetax＞θiWhen theta is greater than thetaxE set R, R ═ θ1，θ2，…,θn}，bxE set U, U ═ b1，b2，…,bnAnd n is equal to the total number of pre-subdivision layers, x is less than or equal to n, wherein x and n are positive integers:
if thetax＞θiAnd b isx≤biExtracting the corresponding layer, and then, according to the layer thickness C set by the user, the corresponding layer is extracted2Subdividing is carried out;
if thetax＞θiAnd b isx＞biIf the layer thickness of the current layer x is equal to the layer thickness of the next layer x +1, then the next layer is continuously calculated by comparison:
A. if the next layer is thetax+1≤θiThen the current layer thickness is equal to C1；
B. If the next layer is thetax+1＞θiAnd b isx+1≤biThen the current layer thickness is equal to C2；
C. If the next layer is thetax+1＞θiAnd b isx+1＞biIf the layer thickness of the x +1 layer is equal to the layer thickness of the x +2 layer, then the operation of the step A, B, C is circularly carried out;
wherein, C1And C2Is set autonomously by the user, and C1＞C2。
6. The method for calculating the varied-layer-thickness subdivision based on the additive manufacturing of claim 5, wherein a user sets the included angle threshold θiThere are several parts, namely, the printed parts will be divided into several height areas with different layer thicknesses for subdivision and printing.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein if a user sets a plurality of included angle thresholds θ, the method further comprisesiAnd, correspondingly, each angle threshold thetaiThe corresponding layer thickness C value is set.
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