CN111000621A

CN111000621A - Sealing structure, puncture cannula and medical puncture outfit

Info

Publication number: CN111000621A
Application number: CN201911250581.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马克·高登; 张海红; 吉恩·博普瑞
Original assignee: Reach Surgical Inc
Current assignee: Reach Surgical Inc
Priority date: 2019-12-09
Filing date: 2019-12-09
Publication date: 2020-04-14

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a sealing structure, which comprises: a cannula structure having a lumen; a sealing member provided on the sleeve structure for sealing the lumen, and including at least two constituent portions, at least a part of adjacent sides between adjacent two of the constituent portions having a notch, the sealing member having a first state in which adjacent two of the constituent portions are separated from each other and a second state in which adjacent two of the constituent portions are bonded to each other; at least one support structure disposed on the sleeve structure and abutting at least a portion of the seal. The invention provides a sealing structure, a puncture cannula and a medical puncture outfit which can effectively improve the sealing effect after being penetrated by a puncture cone or a surgical instrument.

Description

Sealing structure, puncture cannula and medical puncture outfit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a sealing structure, a puncture cannula and a medical puncture outfit.

Background

A medical puncture outfit is an auxiliary surgical instrument used for puncturing the skin so as to provide a passage for a surgical instrument to enter a human body cavity, and belongs to a minimally invasive surgical instrument. A medical puncturing device generally includes a sleeve, a puncturing cone extending through the sleeve, and a sealing member disposed within the sleeve. When in use, the puncture awl and the sleeve are used together to penetrate the skin and enter the body cavity of a human body, then the puncture awl is drawn out, and the remaining sleeve is used as a channel for the endoscope, the laparoscope and other surgical instruments to enter the body cavity. Wherein the sealing member is used for preventing gas leakage in the human body cavity.

The seal members currently on the market are generally sealing valves, which generally comprise an annular body and at least two rubber members respectively connected to the annular body. Under the natural state, two adjacent rubber parts are jointed together by the elasticity of the rubber parts to form a closed surface. After the puncture rod or the surgical instrument penetrates through the sealing surface, each flap rubber piece is tightly wrapped around the puncture rod or the surgical instrument, so that the sealing effect is achieved.

Generally, the sealing valve is prepared by the following process: the rubber piece is formed by compression molding of at least two rubber pieces, and the adjacent two rubber pieces are separated by a groove cutting procedure. When the puncture rod or the surgical instrument is inserted into the sealing valve, the rubber pieces are separated, so that the puncture rod or the surgical instrument can move in the sealing valve conveniently. But after the puncture rod or the surgical instrument is inserted, the elasticity of the rubber part is reduced, so that the restoring speed of each rubber part is reduced, the rubber part cannot be restored immediately after the puncture rod or the surgical instrument is pulled out, an opening is formed at the incision of the rubber part, and the sealing effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect of poor sealing effect of the sealing element after the sealing element is inserted through the puncture rod or the surgical instrument in the prior art, so that the sealing structure, the puncture cannula and the medical puncture outfit which can effectively improve the sealing effect after the sealing element is inserted through the puncture rod or the surgical instrument are provided.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a sealing structure, including:

a cannula structure having a lumen;

a sealing member detachably attached to the sleeve structure for sealing the lumen, and including at least two constituent parts, at least a part of an adjacent side between adjacent two of the constituent parts having a notch, the sealing member having a first state in which the adjacent two of the constituent parts are separated from each other, and a second state in which the adjacent two of the constituent parts are attached to each other;

at least one support structure disposed on the sleeve structure and abutting at least a portion of the seal.

Further, the support structure is adapted to apply a force to the seal that transitions the seal from a first state to a second state.

Further, the support structure is adapted to apply a force to the seal that maintains the seal in the second state.

Further, the support structure is a rigid member.

Further, at least one part of the adjacent side between two adjacent constituent parts forms a notch, and one end of the notch, which is far away from the axis of the sealing element, is a fixed end; setting a closed contour line which is sequentially connected with the fixed ends corresponding to the notches as a first contour line;

the projection of the support structure on the sealing element falls on an area between the axis of the sealing element and the first contour line.

Further, the number of the supporting structures is at least two, and the projections of the at least two supporting structures on the sealing element are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sealing element.

Further, the projection of at least two of the support structures on the seal falls on the formation or on the cut-out.

Further, the number of the support structures is the same as the number of the constituent parts, and the support structures are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the constituent parts or the notches.

Further, the number of the support structures is three, and the projections of the three support structures on the sealing element are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing element.

Further, the support structure comprises at least one arc-shaped projection matched with the sealing element.

Further, the supporting structure comprises three supporting blocks arranged at intervals.

Further, the support structure is disposed between the sleeve structure and the seal.

Further, the support structure is disposed on an inner wall of the sleeve structure.

Further, the bushing structure includes:

the sleeve seat comprises a cylindrical body and a connecting part; one end of the cylindrical body is provided with an opening, and the other end of the cylindrical body is provided with the connecting part; the connecting part is provided with a through hole communicated with the opening, and the supporting structure is arranged on the sleeve seat;

the sleeve pipe extends from the connecting part to the direction far away from the opening.

Further, the support structure is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical body and/or the connecting part.

Further, the sealing element also comprises an annular body, and the forming part extends from one side of the annular body to the direction far away from the annular body and inclines towards the axis of the annular body in the extending process; the individual components of the seal together enclose a conical projection.

Further, still include limit structure, limit structure includes:

at least one limiting member arranged on one of the sealing member and the sleeve structure;

and the limiting cavity is arranged on the other one of the sealing element and the sleeve structure and is suitable for being inserted by the limiting piece to limit the sealing element to rotate relative to the sleeve structure.

The invention also provides a puncture cannula which comprises the sealing structure.

Further, the structural gas injection mouth that is equipped with of sleeve pipe, puncture sleeve pipe still includes:

the sealing component is arranged on one side, opposite to the sleeve structure, of the sealing element and is detachably connected with the sleeve structure;

and the gas injection valve is arranged at the gas injection port.

The invention also provides a medical puncture outfit which comprises the puncture cannula and a puncture cone, wherein the puncture cone penetrates through the cannula structure along the axial direction of the cannula structure.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention provides a sealing structure, which is a sleeve structure and is provided with a tube cavity; the sealing element is arranged on the sleeve structure, is used for sealing the tube cavity and comprises at least two components, and has a first state that two adjacent components are separated and a second state that two adjacent components are attached; at least one support structure disposed on the sleeve structure and abutting at least a portion of the seal. When the sealing device is used, after the sealing device is inserted for many times through the execution of surgical instruments, the elasticity of the sealing device is weakened, the sealing device cannot be immediately restored after the execution of the surgical instruments is pulled out, the supporting structure is arranged on the sleeve structure, external force is applied to the sealing device, the restoring force of the sealing device is increased to the sum of the elastic force and the external force applied by the supporting structure through the elastic force of the sealing device, and the sealing device is rapidly sealed to the sleeve structure. The recovery speed of the sealing element is effectively improved. And meanwhile, the supporting structure also provides a force for keeping the sealing element in the second state, so that the sealing element keeps the attached second state, and the sealing effect of the sealing element is improved.

2. According to the sealing structure provided by the invention, the supporting structure is a rigid piece. After the supporting structure is inserted for many times, the structural part can still be effectively supported, and deformation is not easy to occur.

3. According to the sealing structure provided by the invention, the adjacent side between two adjacent components forms a notch, and one end of the notch, which is far away from the axis of the sealing element, is a fixed end; setting a closed contour line which is sequentially connected with the fixed ends corresponding to the notches as a first contour line; the projection of the support structure on the sealing element falls on an area between the axis of the sealing element and the first contour line. That is, the external force applied by the support structure acts directly on the region, so that the sealing element can be rapidly transformed from the first state to the second state after the insertion of the surgical instrument is performed, thereby sealing the cannula structure.

4. According to the sealing structure provided by the invention, the number of the supporting structures is three, and the projections of the three supporting structures on the sealing element are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing element. The supporting structures respectively correspond to the components, and force is applied to the axis of the sealing element from the circumferential direction of each component in a common way, so that the acting force applied to each component by each supporting structure is the same and uniform, and the sealing effect of the sealing element is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a medical puncture instrument provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3A is a schematic structural view of the seal of FIG. 2;

FIG. 3B is a perspective view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 3D is a bottom view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a support structure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a support structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a support structure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a support structure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a support structure;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the support structure engaged with the seal;

FIG. 10 is a view F-F of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 10;

description of reference numerals:

1-a cover body; 2-a sealing assembly; 3, 30-seal; 4, 40-component; 41a,41 b-concave sides; 42-an outer contour; 43-bottom; 5, 50-incision; 7-a first contour line; 8,80,90, 90', 100-support structure; 81, 91-bumps; 92-shell-like part; 10-a bump; 11a,11b,11 c-support blocks; 12-a sleeve; 13-a sleeve construction; 14-a lumen; 15-a cannula holder; 16-a cylindrical body; 17-a connecting portion; 19-a ring-shaped body; 20-a projection; 21-a limit piece; 22-a spacing cavity; 23-air injection valve; 24-a puncture cone; 25-an air injection port; 200-medical puncture outfit.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

In various embodiments of the present invention, "distal" or "distal" refers to the end or side of the surgical instrument that is distal from the user when the surgical instrument is operated, and "proximal" refers to the end or side of the surgical instrument that is proximal to the user when the surgical instrument is operated.

As shown in fig. 2, the sealing structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for being arranged in a puncture cannula of a medical puncture instrument, wherein the sealing structure comprises a cannula structure 13, a sealing member 3 and a supporting structure 8. The embodiment of the invention also provides a medical puncture outfit, which further comprises a puncture cone 24 matched with the puncture cannula. Specifically, the cannula structure 13 of the sealing structure of the present embodiment is provided with a lumen 14, which is suitable for establishing a passage between the abdominal cavity of the human body and the outside to allow the puncture awl 24 or the surgical instrument to enter and exit;

a sealing member 3 provided on the sleeve structure 13 for sealing the lumen 14, and including at least two constituent portions 4, at least a portion of adjacent sides between adjacent two of the constituent portions 4 having a notch 5, the sealing member 3 having a first state in which at least a portion between adjacent two of the constituent portions 4 is separated, and a second state in which adjacent two of the constituent portions 4 are bonded;

at least one support structure 8 arranged within said sleeve structure 13 and abutting at least a portion of said seal 3. The support structure 8 provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be disposed on the sleeve structure 13, for example, the support structure 8 may be disposed on an inner wall of the sleeve structure 13, for example, integrally formed with the sleeve structure 13, or may be disposed between the sleeve structure 13 and the sealing member 3 as a separate component.

In particular, the support structure 8 is adapted to apply a force to the seal 3 that causes the seal 3 to transition from the first state to the second state.

And/or the support structure 8 is adapted to apply a force to the seal 3 that keeps the seal 3 in the second state.

Specifically, the first state of the seal 3 is a state in which at least a part of adjacent two components 4 are separated, and the second state is a state in which adjacent two components 4 are bonded. By providing the sealing element 3 on the sleeve structure 13, a sealing effect is provided for the sleeve structure 13. When a puncture cone 24 or an executing surgical instrument (e.g., surgical clip, endoscopic stapler, ultrasonic surgical instrument, etc.) is advanced through seal 3 into lumen 14, seal 3 transitions from the second, engaged state to the first, disengaged state to provide access for puncture cone 24 or the executing surgical instrument. Further, when the puncture cone 24 or the surgical instrument to be performed is withdrawn from the sealing member 3, the sealing member 3 returns from the first state to the second state of fitting due to its own resilience and under the action of said support structure 8. Even if after being interlude many times by surgical instrument, sealing member 3 leads to its resilience to weaken because the reason that self elasticity weakens, can't resume the second state of laminating fast, perhaps can't keep when the second state of laminating, sealing member 3 still can be under bearing structure 8's effect, resume fast to the second state of laminating or keep the second state of laminating to the leakproofness of sealing member 3 has been guaranteed.

In this embodiment, the supporting structure 8 is a rigid member, so that the supporting structure 8 can still effectively support the component 4 of the sealing member after being inserted for many times, and is not easy to deform.

One embodiment of the seal 3 will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 3A-D. As shown in fig. 3A-D, the sealing member 30 of the present embodiment includes three components 40, each component 40 includes two

concave side portions

41a,41b integrally formed, an outer contour portion 42 connecting the two

concave side portions

41a,41b, and a bottom portion 43, and the three components 40 are joined together to form a bottom portion in the shape of "Y", as shown in fig. 3D. The bottom 43 of each of the three components 40 is provided with a cut 50, the cut 50 of each component 40 is connected with the end point near the axis (L) center of the sealing member 30, and an elastic opening is formed on the sealing member 30 to allow the puncture cone or the surgical instrument to pass through the opening.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, at least a part of the adjacent side between two adjacent constituent parts 4 forms a notch 5, and one end of the notch 5 away from the axial center of the sealing member 3 is a fixed end 6; setting a closed contour line which is sequentially connected with the fixed ends 6 corresponding to the notches 5 as a first contour line 7; wherein the first contour line is a loop line connecting the respective outer contour portions 42.

In this embodiment, the setting range of the supporting structure 8, that is, the size range of the supporting structure 8 along the length direction of the sleeve structure 13, falls on the area between the axis of the sealing member 3 and the first contour line 7 for the projection of the supporting structure 8 on the sealing member 3, and then an external force is applied to the sealing member 3 through the supporting structure 8, so that the sealing member 3 can be rapidly changed from the first state to the second state through the external force action applied by the supporting structure 8 under the condition that the elasticity of the sealing member 3 is weakened, thereby sealing the sleeve structure 13.

Correspondingly, in this embodiment, three support structures 8 are provided on the sleeve structure 13, which support structures 8 are arranged uniformly along the inner circumferential wall of the sleeve structure 13, the support structures 8 being arranged against at least a part of the outer contour 42 of the constituent part 40 of the seal 30. When no puncture cone or surgical instrument is placed in the puncture cannula structure 13, the support structure 8 better gathers and joins the cut-outs 50 of the component 40 of the seal 30 together by a force applied to the outer profile portion 42 of the component 40 of the seal 30 in the axial direction of the seal 30, i.e. so that the seal 30 can better maintain the second state of fit, thereby improving the sealing properties of the seal 30. When the puncture cone or the surgical instrument placed in the sleeve structure 13 is removed, the sealing element 30 can be returned from the first state of detachment adjacent to the incision 50 to the second state of abutment more quickly by the support structure 8, so that the sealing of the sealing structure is also improved.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, the projections of the three support structures 8 on the seal 30 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the seal 30, and each support structure 8 corresponds to at least a part of the outer contour portion 42 of each component 40, and preferably corresponds to the central portion of the outer contour portion 42 of each component 40, so that the forces applied to the components 40 from the circumferential direction of the components 40 toward the axial center of the seal 30 are the same and uniform, and the acting force applied to each component 40 by each support structure 8 is uniform, thereby improving the sealing effect of the seal 30.

As an alternative embodiment, the three support structures 8 may also be distributed in a non-uniform manner over the sleeve structure 13, so as to support the constituent parts 40 of the seal 30 from different angles, achieving a sealing effect.

In alternative embodiments, the number of components 4 of the seal 3 may be at least 2, for example 2 or 4, and the number of support structures 8 may be provided corresponding to the number of components 4, or the support structures 8 may be provided in one-to-one correspondence with the components 4 or the cut-outs 5. For example, the seal 3 includes 2 components 4, the support structures 8 may be provided in at least two, and projections of at least two support structures 8 on the seal 3 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the seal 3. The two support structures 8 can support the components 4 from two directions so that the two components 4 fit together quickly and thereby seal.

Wherein the at least two support structures 8 may also be ring structures connected in one piece, which in use are directly inserted into the sleeve structure 13 before the seal 3 is mounted.

The support structure 8 of the sealing structure according to the embodiment of the present invention may be provided in various forms. For example, as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the supporting structures 80 are uniformly distributed and arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve structure 13 in the circumferential direction. Each support structure 80 is provided to include a circular arc-shaped projection 81 that is adapted to the outer contour portion 42 of the constituent portion 40 of the seal 30. In particular, the projections 81 may be arranged in a ring-fan like structure.

As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the support structure 90 of the sealing structure is arranged on the inner wall of said sleeve structure 13. Similar to the support structure 80 shown in fig. 4, the support structure 90 in this embodiment comprises a lug 91 arranged in a ring-sector like structure, and a shell-like portion 92 having a recess between the lug 91 of the ring-sector like structure and the inner wall of the sleeve structure 13. Providing each support structure 90 as a projection 91 including the shell 92 effectively reduces the amount of material required for machining while satisfying the external force applied to the seal 30, thereby reducing the machining cost.

As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the support structure 90' is provided as a bump comprising a shell as shown in fig. 5, with the middle of the shell broken away.

Further, fig. 7-10 show another embodiment of the sealing structure of the present invention, specifically, each support structure 100 includes a plurality of support blocks arranged at intervals, in this example, each support structure 100 includes three support blocks 11a-b arranged at intervals, at least a portion of the support blocks 11a-b is abutted against at least a portion of the outer contour portion 42 of the member portion 40 of the seal 30, as shown in fig. 10. In the embodiment, the circumferential lengths of the three support blocks 11a-c on the sleeve structure 13 are not the same, and because the middle support block 11b is subjected to more force, the length of the middle support block 11b is greater than the lengths of the support blocks 11a and 11c on the two sides. While the width of the middle support block 11b is also greater than the width of the support blocks 11a,11b on both sides.

As an alternative embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiment, the circumferential length and width of the three

support blocks

11a,11b,11c of each support structure 100 on the sleeve structure 13 are uniform.

As an alternative embodiment, on the basis of the above-described embodiment, the support structure 8 provided on the sleeve structure 13 may also be provided as a ring-like structure arranged along the inner circumferential wall of the sleeve structure 13, so that the support structure 8 can support the seal 3 from multiple directions, improving the tightness of contact between the constituent parts 4 and the support structure 8, and thus improving the overall stability and sealing of the seal 3.

On the basis of the above described embodiments, the cannula arrangement 13 further comprises a cannula holder 15 and a cannula 12, as shown in fig. 2, 4-11. The cannula holder 15 comprises a cylindrical body 16 and a connection portion 17 (shown in fig. 2); one end of the cylindrical body 16 is provided with an opening, and the other end is provided with the connecting part 17; the connecting part 17 is provided with a through hole communicated with the opening, and the supporting structure 8 is arranged on the sleeve seat 15; the sleeve 12 extends distally (i.e. away from the opening) from the connection 17. Wherein the cylindrical body 16 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the sleeve 12 to facilitate the removable mounting of the seal 3 in the cylindrical body 16.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the

support structure

8,80,90, 90', 100 is integrally formed on the inner wall of the cylindrical body 16 and the connecting portion 17. Thereby increasing the stability of the support structure 8 and facilitating the manufacture of the support structure.

As an alternative embodiment, the

support structure

8,80,90, 90', 100 is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical body 16.

As an alternative embodiment, the

support structure

8,80,90, 90', 100 is provided on the connecting portion 17.

As further shown in fig. 2 and 3A-D, the sealing

element

3,30 further includes an annular body 19, and the components 4,40 extend from one side of the annular body 19 in a direction away from the annular body 19 and are inclined toward the center of the axis (L) of the annular body 19 during the extension (as shown in fig. 3B), wherein the components 4,40 of the sealing

element

3,30 together enclose three conical protrusions 20 for the insertion cone 24 or for insertion of a surgical instrument.

Further, on the basis of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 3B and fig. 11, the sealing structure is further provided with a limiting structure, where the limiting structure includes at least one pair of a limiting member 21 and a limiting cavity 22, which are matched with each other, and the specific structures of the limiting member 21 and the limiting cavity 22 are not limited. The limiting member 21 is arranged on the annular body 19 of the sealing

member

3, 30; accordingly, a limiting cavity 22 is provided on the cannula holder 15 of the cannula arrangement 13 and is adapted for insertion of said limiting member 21 for limiting the rotation of said sealing member 3 with respect to said cannula arrangement 13, on the one hand defining the relative position of the sealing

member

3,30 with respect to the cannula arrangement 13 and, on the other hand, facilitating positioning during assembly.

As an alternative embodiment, it is also possible to provide the stop 21 on the cannula holder 15 and the stop chamber 22 on the cannula holder 15.

The invention also provides a puncture cannula which comprises the sealing structure in the embodiment.

Further, an air injection port 25 is provided on the cannula structure 13, and the puncture cannula further includes a sealing assembly 2 disposed proximal to the

sealing members

3,30 and detachably connected to the cannula structure 13; the sealing assembly 2 is not only used for further sealing the sleeve structure 13, but also plays a role in compressing and fixing the

sealing elements

3 and 30; meanwhile, a cover body 1 is arranged above the sealing assembly 2, and a through hole allowing a puncture cone or a surgical instrument to be inserted is formed in the cover body 1.

Further, an air injection valve 23 is further provided at the air injection port 25 of the puncture cannula according to the present embodiment. When the body cavity needs to be insufflated, the air injection valve 23 is opened to insufflate the body cavity, and after the air injection is finished, the air injection valve 23 is closed quickly.

The invention also provides a medical puncture instrument 200, which comprises the puncture cannula and the puncture cone 24, wherein the puncture cone 24 penetrates through the cannula structure 13 along the axial direction of the cannula structure 13. In use, the puncture cone 24 is used together with a puncture cannula to penetrate the skin and enter a body cavity to perforate the skin surface of the body, and then the puncture cone 24 is withdrawn, leaving the cannula 12 as a passage for endoscopic, laparoscopic and surgical instruments to enter and exit the body cavity.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A sealing structure, comprising:

a sleeve structure (13) provided with a lumen (14);

a sealing member (3,30) provided on the sleeve structure (13) for sealing the lumen (14) and including at least two constituent parts (4,40), at least a portion of an adjacent side between adjacent two of the constituent parts (4,40) having a notch (5,50), the sealing member (3,30) having a first state of separation between adjacent two of the constituent parts (4,40) and a second state of abutment between adjacent two of the constituent parts (4, 40);

at least one support structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) arranged within the sleeve structure (13) and abutting at least a portion of the seal (3, 30).

2. The sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) is adapted to apply a force to the seal (3,30) that causes the seal (3,30) to transition from the first state to the second state.

3. The sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) is adapted to apply a force to the seal (3,30) that keeps the seal (3,30) in the second state.

4. The sealing structure of claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) is a rigid piece.

5. The seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the adjacent side between adjacent two of said constituent parts (4,40) forms a slit (5,50), and an end of said slit (5,50) away from the axial center of said seal member (3,30) is a fixed end (6); setting a closed contour line of the fixed end (6) corresponding to each notch (5,50) as a first contour line (7);

the projection of the support structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) onto the seal (3,30) falls on the area between the axis of the seal (3,30) and the first contour line (7).

6. A sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized by comprising at least two of said support structures (8,80,90,90 ', 100), and projections of at least two of said support structures (8,80,90, 90', 100) on said seal (3,30) are spaced apart along the circumference of said seal (3, 30).

7. The sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the projection of at least two of the support structures (8,80,90, 90', 100) onto the seal (3,30) falls on the formation (4,40) or on the cut-out (5, 50).

8. The sealing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the number of the supporting structures (8,80,90,90 ', 100) corresponds to the number of the components (4,40), and the supporting structures (8,80,90, 90', 100) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the components (4,40) or the cutouts (5, 50).

9. The sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that three support structures (8,80,90,90 ', 100) are included, and the projections of the three support structures (8,80,90, 90', 100) on the seal (3,30) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the seal (3, 30).

10. The sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (8,80,90, 90') comprises at least one circular-arc-shaped projection (81,91) adapted to the seal (3, 30).

11. The sealing structure of claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (8,100) comprises three support blocks (11a,11b,11c) arranged at intervals.

12. The sealing structure according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the support structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) is arranged between the sleeve structure (13) and the seal (3, 30).

13. The sealing structure according to claims 1-12, characterized in that the support structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) is arranged on an inner wall of the bushing structure (13).

14. The sealing structure according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that the bushing structure (13) comprises:

a sleeve seat (15) comprising a cylindrical body (16) and a connecting part (17); one end of the cylindrical body (16) is provided with an opening, and the other end is provided with the connecting part (17); a through hole communicated with the opening is formed in the connecting part (17), and the supporting structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) is arranged on the sleeve seat (15);

a sleeve (12) extending from the connecting portion (17) in a direction away from the opening.

15. The sealing structure according to claim 14, characterized in that the support structure (8,80,90, 90', 100) is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical body (16) and/or on the connection portion (17).

16. The seal structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the seal member (3,30) further comprises an annular body (19), and the formation portion (4,40) extends from a side of the annular body (19) in a direction away from the annular body (19) and is inclined toward an axial center of the annular body (19) during the extension; the individual components (4,40) of the sealing element (3,30) together enclose a conical projection (20).

17. The sealing structure of claim 1, further comprising a retention structure, the retention structure comprising:

at least one pair of limiting parts (21) and limiting cavities (22) which are matched with each other are respectively arranged on the sealing parts (3,30) and the sleeve structure (13) and are suitable for limiting the sealing parts (3,30) to rotate relative to the sleeve structure (13) when the limiting parts (21) are matched and connected with the limiting cavities (22).

18. A puncture cannula comprising a sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. A puncture cannula according to claim 18, characterized in that said cannula arrangement (13) is provided with a gas injection port (25), said puncture cannula further comprising:

a seal assembly disposed proximal to the seal (3,30) and removably connected to the cannula arrangement (13);

and the air injection valve (23) is arranged at the air injection port (25).

20. A medical puncture instrument, comprising a puncture cannula according to claim 18 or 19, and a puncture cone (24), wherein the puncture cone (24) penetrates the cannula arrangement (13) in an axial direction of the cannula arrangement (13).