CN110988132A - Welding seam single-side TOFD detection method - Google Patents

Welding seam single-side TOFD detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110988132A
CN110988132A CN201911321230.7A CN201911321230A CN110988132A CN 110988132 A CN110988132 A CN 110988132A CN 201911321230 A CN201911321230 A CN 201911321230A CN 110988132 A CN110988132 A CN 110988132A
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probe
welding seam
target
transmitting
receiving
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Withdrawn
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CN201911321230.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
江雯
严恒静
张峥嵘
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Anhui Sanxing Testing Co ltd
China National Chemical Engineering Third Construction Co Ltd
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Anhui Sanxing Testing Co ltd
China National Chemical Engineering Third Construction Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911321230.7A priority Critical patent/CN110988132A/en
Publication of CN110988132A publication Critical patent/CN110988132A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0654—Imaging
    • G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023—Solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/267—Welds

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

A welding seam single-side TOFD detection method is applied to a welding seam detection system, the welding seam detection system is provided with a first transmitting probe and a first receiving probe, and the method comprises the following steps: the first transmitting probe is arranged on the target detection piece and positioned on one side of the target welding seam, and the first receiving probe is arranged on the target detection piece and positioned on the same side of the target welding seam as the first transmitting probe; the first transmitting probe transmits ultrasonic waves, the first receiving probe receives the ultrasonic waves, and the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted to enable the received signal strength to be strongest; and determining whether the target welding seam has defects according to the ultrasonic wave emission intensity distribution of the first emission probe and the signal intensity distribution received by the first receiving probe. When the device is used, the irregular interface connected with the pipeline and the part at the other end of the interface do not need to be considered, and the detection of the welding seam at the interface between the pipeline and the flange or the interface of the irregular pipeline can be completed.

Description

Welding seam single-side TOFD detection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding seam detection method, in particular to a welding seam single-side TOFD detection method.
Background
During the early 70's of the last century, Schker invented ultrasonic time difference diffraction detection (TOFD) technology. The TOFD technology is composed of two probes, one of which plays a role of transmitting and the other of which plays a role of receiving, and the principle is that the position of a defect is calculated by energy re-transmission after ultrasonic wave diffraction. Compared with the conventional pulse echo technology, the TOFD technology has two greatest advantages, namely 1, high quantification precision, absolute error less than or equal to plus or minus one millimeter 2, insensitivity to the angle of a defect in the detection process, and quantification is based on the time of a diffraction signal rather than the amplitude of the signal.
At present, for the conventional TOFD detection of a welding seam, as shown in figure 1, TOFD probes are required to be respectively arranged on two sides of the welding seam, the direction of an acoustic beam is vertical to the welding direction, however, when the welding seam is detected by adopting the mode, the welding seam of a regular pipeline can only be detected, if a pipeline and flange interface or an irregular pipeline interface is met, namely one side of the pipeline is the regular pipeline and the other side of the pipeline is the irregular interface, the TOFD probes cannot be arranged, and therefore, the welding seam detection cannot be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a method for detecting the single-side TOFD of the welding seam at the irregular interface of the pipeline.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a welding seam single-side TOFD detection method is applied to a welding seam detection system, the welding seam detection system is provided with a first transmitting probe and a first receiving probe, and the method comprises the following steps:
the first transmitting probe is arranged on the target detection piece and positioned on one side of the target welding seam, and the first receiving probe is arranged on the target detection piece and positioned on the same side of the target welding seam as the first transmitting probe;
the first transmitting probe transmits ultrasonic waves, the first receiving probe receives the ultrasonic waves, and the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted to enable the received signal strength to be strongest;
and determining whether the target welding seam has defects according to the ultrasonic wave emission intensity distribution of the first emission probe and the signal intensity distribution received by the first receiving probe.
The invention discloses a welding seam single-side TOFD detection method, wherein a first emission probe is arranged on a target detection piece, and the method comprises the following steps:
and the ultrasonic central line of the first transmitting probe is transmitted to a position of a target welding line, which is two thirds of the distance from the target detection piece surface.
The invention discloses a welding seam single-side TOFD detection method, which comprises the following steps:
and moving the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe along the welding seam path of the target detection workpiece to finish the detection of the target welding seam.
The invention discloses a welding seam single-side TOFD detection method, which comprises the following steps:
when the target welding seam is determined to be defective, under the condition that the position of the first transmitting probe is not changed, the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted;
and determining the depth of the defect from the surface of the target detection piece according to the distance transformation, the position of the first transmitting probe, the position of the first receiving probe and the time difference between the signal transmitted by the first probe and the signal received by the first receiving probe.
The invention discloses a welding seam single-side TOFD detection method, which comprises the following steps:
when the target welding seam is determined to be defective, under the condition that the position of the first transmitting probe is not changed, the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted;
and determining the length and height of the defect according to the distance conversion, the position of the first transmitting probe, the position of the first receiving probe and the time difference between the signal transmitted by the first probe and the signal received by the first receiving probe.
The invention discloses a welding seam single-side TOFD detection method, which comprises the following steps:
when the target welding seam is determined to have defects, adjusting the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe;
and determining the position relation between the defect and the target zero point according to the distance transformation, the position of the first transmitting probe and the position of the first receiving probe, and the transmitting signal of the first probe and the first receiving probe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the detection device is used, when a target detection piece is detected, the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe are arranged on the same side of a target welding seam of the target detection piece, ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the target welding seam through the first transmitting probe, the first receiving probe receives the transmission intensity of the welding seam to the ultrasonic waves, whether the target welding seam has defects or not is determined according to signal intensity distribution, the defects of the welding seam are detected, the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe are arranged on one side of the welding seam, therefore, the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe can be arranged on a regular pipeline during detection, the detection of the welding seam is completed, an irregular interface connected with the pipeline and parts at the other end of the interface do not need to be considered, and the welding seam detection of the interface between the pipeline and a flange interface or the irregular pipeline is completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art implementation view provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the invention provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a view of an embodiment of the present invention provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention provided herein for calculating defects;
FIG. 5 is a view of a display processing apparatus provided herein showing weld locations;
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-5, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the terms "upper", "lower", "one end", "the other end", etc., in the present disclosure, are used in an orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or component must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
At present, for the conventional TOFD detection of a welding seam, as shown in figure 1, TOFD probes are required to be respectively arranged on two sides of the welding seam, and the direction of an acoustic beam is vertical to the welding direction.
Accordingly, the present embodiment provides a method for detecting a weld single-side TOFD, which is applied to a weld detection system, where the weld detection system has a first transmitting probe and a first receiving probe, and the method includes:
s201, arranging the first transmitting probe on the target detection piece at one side of a target welding seam, and arranging the first receiving probe on the target detection piece at the same side of the target welding seam as the first transmitting probe;
s202, the first transmitting probe transmits ultrasonic waves, the first receiving probe receives the ultrasonic waves, and the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted to enable the received signal strength to be strongest;
s203, determining whether the target welding seam has defects according to the ultrasonic wave emission intensity distribution of the first emission probe and the signal intensity distribution received by the first receiving probe.
When the embodiment is used, when detecting a target detection piece, as shown in fig. 2-3, a first transmitting probe and a first receiving probe are arranged on the same side of a target weld of the target detection piece, ultrasonic waves are transmitted by the first transmitting probe and are sent to the target weld, the first receiving probe receives the transmission intensity of the weld to the ultrasonic waves, whether the target weld has defects is determined according to signal intensity distribution, the detection of the defects of the weld is completed, the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe are arranged on one side of the weld, therefore, during the detection, the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe can be arranged on a regular pipeline, the detection of the weld is completed, an irregular interface connected with the pipeline and a part at the other end of the interface are not required to be considered, the detection of the weld at the interface between the pipeline and a flange or the interface of the irregular pipeline is completed, it is required to explain that the target detection piece in fig. 3 is in a pipeline shape, the joint at the elbow is also one of the irregular joints, one end of the pipeline is the elbow, and the welding seam in fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pipeline and is a cross-sectional view of the pipe wall on one side only.
It should be noted that, during ultrasonic detection, the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe are connected to the display processing device, and an image of a weld can be displayed through the display processing device at the back, as shown in fig. 5, for a displayed weld view, it is determined whether the weld has a defect according to the image, and the subsequent display processing device can analyze the image at the weld according to the ultrasonic transmitting intensity distribution of the first transmitting probe and the signal intensity distribution received by the first receiving probe, and can complete detection on whether the weld has a defect through the image; it should be noted that the first transmitting probe transmits a plurality of ultrasonic waves capable of covering the cross section of the weld joint, so as to detect the whole weld joint.
It should be noted that, when the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe are disposed on the surface of the target detecting element, they can be mounted on the target detecting element through a scanning frame, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail herein,
it should be noted that the target weld is a weld to be detected, and the target detection piece is a workpiece to be detected.
In some embodiments, S201 the first transmitting probe is disposed on the target detecting member, and includes:
s2011 the ultrasonic central line of the first transmitting probe is transmitted to a position where a target welding line is two thirds of the distance from the surface of a target detection piece.
In the practical process, when the center line of the ultrasonic wave of the first transmitting probe is transmitted to the position of the target welding line, which is two thirds away from the surface of the target detection piece, the detection effect is better.
Embodiments of the invention further include:
s204, the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe move along the welding seam path of the target detection workpiece, and detection of the target welding seam is completed.
After the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe are moved along the path of the weld of the target detection workpiece, the weld can be completely detected, it should be noted that the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe are generally detected as the weld in the cross section of the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe, the detection of the weld of the whole path is completed through the movement of the path of the weld of the workpiece, and if the workpiece is a bent pipe, the workpiece moves along the weld direction 360 of the bent pipe as shown in fig. 3.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
s205, when the target weld joint is determined to be defective, under the condition that the position of the first transmitting probe is not changed, the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted;
s206, determining the depth of the defect from the surface of the target detection piece according to the distance transformation, the position of the first transmitting probe, the position of the first receiving probe and the time difference between the signal transmitted by the first probe and the signal received by the first receiving probe.
The following describes the weld surface depth calculation in detail;
as shown in fig. 4, a schematic diagram for measuring the position of the weld bead, the following formula,
ct＝(x2+h2)1/2+[(x+PCS)2+h2]1/2(1)
wherein c is the longitudinal wave sound velocity in the material and is a known quantity; t is the weld defect signal time difference; x is the horizontal distance from the weld defect to the center of the emission probe; h is the buried depth of the weld defects, namely the depth of the curve from the surface of the target detection piece; PCS is the probe spacing.
The distance t that can be set before the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is changed according to equation (1)1，PCS1All are measurable data, and x and h are to-be-determined quantities; after changing distance t2，PCS2X and h are to-be-determined quantities, which can be measured according to two equations and two functionsAnd determining the specific amount of x and h to obtain the depth of the defect from the surface.
It should be noted that the distance change may be 10% to 50% of the distance between the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe, but the specific adjustment is not limited in detail.
In fig. 3 and 4, the positions of the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe from the target weld joint may be exchanged, and the method is not limited to the method in fig. 3 or 4.
S205, when the target weld joint is determined to be defective, under the condition that the position of the first transmitting probe is not changed, the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted;
s207, determining the length and height of the defect according to the distance conversion, the position of the first transmitting probe, the position of the first receiving probe and the time difference between the signal transmitted by the first probe and the signal received by the first receiving probe.
The embodiment specifically discloses a method for calculating the horizontal distance x between the weld defect and the center of the emission probe and the depth h between the curve and the surface of the target detection piece, and the corresponding parameter x between the defect top point and the defect bottom point is determined according to the method1、x2、h1、h2Wherein x is1Transmitting the horizontal distance, x, of the probe for the defect vertex2The horizontal distance from the bottom point of the defect to the emission probe and the burial depth of the top point of the weld defect, namely the depth h of the curve from the surface of the target detection piece1The depth h of the curve from the surface of the target detection piece, which is the buried depth of the bottom point of the weld defect2The length of the defect is x1And x2Difference of (d), defect height is h1、h2The difference between them.
S205, when the target welding seam is determined to be defective, adjusting the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe;
s208, determining the position relation between the defect and the target zero point according to the distance transformation, the position of the first transmitting probe, the position of the first receiving probe, the transmitting signal of the first probe and the position of the first receiving probe.
The embodiment provides the horizontal position relation between the weld defect and the first emission probe, when the vertical distance relation between the weld defect and the first emission probe is determined, the vertical distance relation between the surface of the target detection workpiece and the first emission probe can be determined, and the position relation between the target weld defect position and the target zero point can be determined according to the position relation between the first emission probe and the target zero point and the position relation between the first emission probe and the target weld defect.
It should be noted that the target zero point is a zero point position determined according to needs, the position of the first transmitting probe is determined after the zero point position is determined, the relationship between the two is also determined, and the target weld is the detected defect to be determined.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A welding seam single-side TOFD detection method is applied to a welding seam detection system, wherein the welding seam detection system is provided with a first transmitting probe and a first receiving probe, and the method comprises the following steps:
the first transmitting probe is arranged on the target detection piece and positioned on one side of the target welding seam, and the first receiving probe is arranged on the target detection piece and positioned on the same side of the target welding seam as the first transmitting probe;
the first transmitting probe transmits ultrasonic waves, the first receiving probe receives the ultrasonic waves, and the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted to enable the received signal strength to be strongest;
and determining whether the target welding seam has defects according to the ultrasonic wave emission intensity distribution of the first emission probe and the signal intensity distribution received by the first receiving probe.
2. The weld single-sided TOFD inspection method according to claim 1, wherein said first transmission probe is disposed on a target inspection piece, comprising:
and the ultrasonic central line of the first transmitting probe is transmitted to a position of a target welding line, which is two thirds of the distance from the target detection piece surface.
3. The weld unilateral TOFD detection method according to claim 1, comprising:
and moving the first transmitting probe and the first receiving probe along the welding seam path of the target detection workpiece to finish the detection of the target welding seam.
4. The weld unilateral TOFD detection method according to claim 1, comprising:
when the target welding seam is determined to be defective, under the condition that the position of the first transmitting probe is not changed, the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted;
and determining the depth of the defect from the surface of the target detection piece according to the distance transformation, the position of the first transmitting probe, the position of the first receiving probe and the time difference between the signal transmitted by the first probe and the signal received by the first receiving probe.
5. The weld unilateral TOFD detection method according to claim 1, comprising:
when the target welding seam is determined to be defective, under the condition that the position of the first transmitting probe is not changed, the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe is adjusted;
and determining the length and height of the defect according to the distance conversion, the position of the first transmitting probe, the position of the first receiving probe and the time difference between the signal transmitted by the first probe and the signal received by the first receiving probe.
6. The weld unilateral TOFD detection method according to claim 1, comprising:
when the target welding seam is determined to have defects, adjusting the distance between the first receiving probe and the first transmitting probe;
and determining the position relation between the defect and the target zero point according to the distance transformation, the position of the first transmitting probe and the position of the first receiving probe, and the transmitting signal of the first probe and the first receiving probe.
CN201911321230.7A 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Welding seam single-side TOFD detection method Withdrawn CN110988132A (en)

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Cited By (2)

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CN113267569A (en) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-17 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 TOFD detection process and system suitable for steam drum head and shell ring weld joint
CN114062489A (en) * 2020-08-06 2022-02-18 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Grading type monitoring method for crack depth of roll neck of leveling roll

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CN109239197A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-01-18 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 The difference detection method when ultrasonic diffraction of straight tube and elbow banjo fixing butt jointing

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114062489A (en) * 2020-08-06 2022-02-18 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Grading type monitoring method for crack depth of roll neck of leveling roll
CN113267569A (en) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-17 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 TOFD detection process and system suitable for steam drum head and shell ring weld joint
CN113267569B (en) * 2021-05-18 2024-04-02 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 TOFD detection process and system suitable for circumferential weld of drum head and shell ring

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Application publication date: 20200410