CN110961051A - Atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction - Google Patents
Atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110961051A CN110961051A CN201811157929.XA CN201811157929A CN110961051A CN 110961051 A CN110961051 A CN 110961051A CN 201811157929 A CN201811157929 A CN 201811157929A CN 110961051 A CN110961051 A CN 110961051A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- outlet end
- nozzle head
- pipe
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/38—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it
- B01J8/384—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only
- B01J8/388—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only externally, i.e. the particles leaving the vessel and subsequently re-entering it
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/245—Spouted-bed technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G11/04—Oxides
- C10G11/05—Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
- C10G11/182—Regeneration
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an atomizing nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit reaction, which comprises a nozzle main body, wherein the nozzle main body is a three-layer sleeve composed of an inner pipe, a main pipe and an outer pipe, two ends of the three-layer sleeve are respectively an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the inner pipe is positioned outside the main pipe, the outlet end of the inner pipe is positioned inside the main pipe, the outer pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the main pipe, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the outer pipe are both positioned outside the main pipe; the outlet end of the inner pipe is provided with a first nozzle head, and the cross-sectional area of the first nozzle head is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the inner pipe; the outlet end of the main pipe is provided with a second nozzle head, and the cross sectional area of the first nozzle head is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the main pipe; the outlet end of the outer pipe is provided with a third nozzle head, and the outer wall of the inner pipe is provided with at least one bulge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an atomizing nozzle, in particular to an atomizing nozzle for a catalytic cracking device reaction.
Background
The feed atomizing nozzle is used to atomize the material oil and return oil into fine liquid drops and spray them into riser, where the material oil is gasified and cracked under the action of catalyst at the temperature in the riser, and then passes through a separator to separate oil, gas and solvent and enter the next process.
The common feeding atomizing nozzle consists of a mixing cavity and a spraying section. In the mixing cavity, the atomized liquid meets the auxiliary atomized steam, and the auxiliary atomized steam is sheared and torn mutually to form mutually blended two-phase flow, and then the two-phase flow is sprayed out through the spray opening of the spraying section. These nozzles basically utilize the flow stability theory of fluid dynamics to generate as large a difference in vapor (liquid) two-phase velocity as possible in the mixing chamber to achieve the purpose of tearing and breaking up the liquid, but the effect is often not ideal because the nozzles based on this principle cannot reasonably utilize the energy of the atomized vapor.
The early atomizing nozzle at home and abroad is a throat nozzle, steam is directly sprayed into liquid in a nozzle mixing cavity through a pipe, the liquid is torn through shearing between the steam and the liquid, the nozzle is a common circular jet nozzle, the atomizing effect is good, flat fan-shaped spray jet required by a catalytic cracking process cannot be generated, the average atomizing particle size is more than 80-100 mu m, and the nozzle becomes a first-generation feeding nozzle.
After improvement, the second generation of feeding nozzles are generated, such as foreign target nozzles, domestic pre-film nozzles and other nozzles, the average atomization particle size of the nozzles is kept between 60 and 80 mu m, and the aims of tearing and crushing liquid are fulfilled by needing a great speed difference between steam (gas) and liquid phases, so that great steam (gas) inlet speed is needed, and some nozzles even reach or exceed the sound speed, have higher energy consumption and can generate pulsation. If this is not achieved, the nozzle is difficult to operate normally, the atomization effect is deteriorated sharply, and the operational flexibility is also affected. These nozzles also have difficulty producing flat fan spray jets that are also difficult to produce for the catalytic cracking process.
In the nineties, foreign oil companies increased research on feed nozzles, Mobil and Kellog companies began to collaborate in 1990 to develop research work on new atomizing nozzles, and in 1994 to develop a new feed nozzle Atomax; UOP company developed a new atomizing nozzle Optimix in 1995; the nozzles adopt different steam distribution structures and different nozzle forms in a mixing cavity, and the atomization average particle size is about 60 mu m; the Shell company develops a novel feeding nozzle in 1998, and applies for an invention patent CN98792423.3 in China, the nozzle is an external mixing type feeding nozzle, steam in the nozzle is mixed with raw oil at a nozzle, and the steam is used for driving the raw oil to be sprayed out from the nozzle; the nozzle can generate flat fan-shaped spray jet required by the catalytic cracking process, and becomes a third generation novel atomized feeding nozzle. The third generation of novel atomizing nozzles all adopt primary pressure-changing intensified atomization, which is not beneficial to the uniform mixing of steam and raw oil.
Many petroleum refinery and chemical plant facilities utilize nozzles to distribute liquid and/or gaseous feedstocks to the facilities. In some plants, the performance of the nozzles that dispense the feedstock to the plant is of paramount importance to the capacity of the plant. In order to obtain optimum performance of the reactor, the nozzle must dispense the feedstock in a fine spray with uniform coverage and very small droplets. Such spraying increases the area of the feedstock droplets and facilitates contact between the feedstock droplets and the catalyst particles, however, it is difficult to achieve the desired performance with existing nozzles. Some nozzles utilize very small openings or complex head designs that are easily clogged by various impurities in the material, and the downtime and replacement costs are very disadvantageous in repairing such blockages, and existing nozzles are not capable of producing fine droplets and/or the desired spray pattern.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an atomizing nozzle for a catalytic cracking apparatus, which can achieve precise distribution of fine liquid droplets, thin layer spraying, without causing clogging.
The invention provides an atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction, which comprises a nozzle body,
the nozzle main body is a three-layer sleeve composed of an inner pipe, a main pipe and an outer pipe, wherein the two ends of the three-layer sleeve are respectively provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the inner pipe is positioned outside the main pipe, the outlet end of the inner pipe is positioned inside the main pipe, the outer pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the main pipe, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the outer pipe are both positioned outside the main pipe;
the outlet end of the main pipe is provided with a second nozzle head, the inlet end of the second nozzle head is connected with the outlet end of the main pipe, the outlet end of the second nozzle head extends to the outside of the main pipe, the cross-sectional area of the first nozzle head is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the main pipe, and the second nozzle head is in a cone shape;
the outlet end of the inner pipe is provided with a first nozzle head, the inlet end of the first nozzle head is connected with the outlet end of the inner pipe, the outlet end of the first nozzle head is close to the outlet end of the second nozzle head, the first nozzle head is provided with at least one channel and at least one outlet end, the cross-sectional area of the first nozzle head is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the inner pipe, and the first nozzle head is in a circular truncated cone shape;
the outlet end of the outer pipe is provided with a third nozzle head, the inlet end of the third nozzle head is connected with the outlet end of the outer pipe, the outlet end of the third nozzle head extends to the outside of the outer pipe, the direction of the outlet end of the third nozzle head is consistent with the direction of the outlet end of the second nozzle head, and the outlet end of the third nozzle head is positioned below the first nozzle head;
the inner wall of the main pipe is provided with at least one bulge.
Wherein, an annular liquid pipeline, namely a dispersion medium conduit, is formed between the outer wall of the inner pipe and the inner wall of the main pipe, and a pipeline with a reducing structure, namely a mixing cavity, is formed between the inner wall of the second nozzle head and the outer wall of the first nozzle head; the inlet end of the inner pipe is a raw oil feeding inlet, the inlet end of the main pipe is a dispersion medium inlet, and the inlet end of the outer pipe is a light raw material inlet.
In the catalytic cracking unit reaction nozzle according to the present invention, the inlet end of the outer tube is preferably located above the inlet end of the main tube, and the outlet end of the outer tube is preferably located below the outlet end of the inner tube.
In the reaction nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit according to the present invention, the inner tube, the main tube, and the outer tube are preferably cylindrical sleeves, the inner tube, the main tube, and the outer tube preferably have the same longitudinal centerline, and the inner tube and the main tube are preferably fixedly connected by a positioning post.
The catalytic cracking apparatus reaction nozzle of the present invention, wherein the first nozzle head and the second nozzle head preferably have the same longitudinal centerline; the longitudinal centerline of the third nozzle head is preferably parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the first nozzle head.
The reaction nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit according to the present invention preferably has an outlet end projecting into the interior of the second nozzle head.
The reaction nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit according to the present invention is preferably configured such that a distance between an outlet end of the first nozzle head and an outlet end of the second nozzle head is 0.006 to 0.030 m.
In the reaction nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that an outlet end of the first nozzle head has a first planar structure, an outlet end of the second nozzle head has a second planar structure, and an outlet end of the third nozzle head has a third planar structure, and the first planar structure, the second planar structure, and the third planar structure are each provided with a plurality of holes.
The reaction nozzle for the catalytic cracking unit is preferably provided with the first planar structure and the second planar structure, wherein the number of the holes in the first planar structure is greater than or equal to the number of the holes in the second planar structure, the holes are circular holes or duckbill-shaped holes, the diameter of each circular hole is 0.1-10 mm, and the length and the width of each duckbill-shaped hole are 0.1-10 mm respectively.
In the reaction nozzle for a catalytic cracker of the present invention, it is preferable that an angle between the inner wall of the first nozzle head and the inner wall of the inner tube is β, the angle β is 20 ° to 85 °, the angle between the inner wall of the second nozzle head and the inner wall of the main tube is α, the angle α is 30 ° to 89 °, and the sum of α and β is 90 °.
The nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit according to the present invention is preferably set at α ° or more and at 35 ° to 65 ° or more and at β ° or more and preferably at 25 ° to 55 °.
In the catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of the present invention, the longitudinal cross section of the protrusion is preferably rectangular, semicircular, semielliptical, or semirhombic.
In the reaction nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit according to the present invention, the protrusion is preferably located in the middle of the main pipe, and a distance between the midpoint of the protrusion and the outlet end of the main pipe is preferably 5% to 90%, and more preferably 50% to 90% of a distance between the inlet end and the outlet end of the main pipe.
The reaction nozzle for the catalytic cracking unit is characterized in that the radius of the main pipe is preferably 0.05-0.25 m, the radius of the inner pipe is preferably 0.04-0.20 m, and the radius of the outer pipe is preferably 0.03-0.18 m.
In the reaction nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that a thermocouple sleeve is provided on an outer wall of the inner tube, and the thermocouple sleeve is provided outside the outer tube and near an inlet end of the inner tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) compared with the prior art, the inner wall of the main pipe is provided with at least one bulge, so that the atomization rate of the outlet of the nozzle is greatly improved, oil gas molecules are more favorably sheared, the atomization of the oil gas molecules is improved, and the generation of products with low added values is reduced; in the prior art, when no bulge is arranged on the outer wall of the inner pipe, the linear velocity of oil gas of a nozzle of the lifting pipe is about 80m/s, but the secondary pressure change effect is achieved by arranging the bulge, the pressure of atomized steam can be better improved, so that oil gas molecules can be better sheared, the atomization effect of the oil gas molecules is improved, and the linear velocity of the nozzle of the lifting pipe can reach about 96 m/s;
(2) compared with the prior art, the third path of feeding is added, so that the cracking of different oil gas at different positions can be realized, and the selectivity of a target product is improved;
(3) compared with the prior art, the invention is simple and practical and is easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an atomizing nozzle provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal partial sectional view of a side-feed reactor of an atomizing nozzle;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an atomizing nozzle;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a bottom feed reactor of an atomizing nozzle;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a prior art nozzle.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
1-the second nozzle head,
101-outlet end of the second nozzle head (second planar configuration),
2-a raw oil feeding inlet,
21-oil and gas conduit (inner tube), 22-first nozzle head,
221-outlet end of the first nozzle head (first planar structure),
α -the angle between the second nozzle head and the inner wall of the dispersion medium conduit, β -the angle between the first nozzle head and the inner wall of the oil and gas conduit;
α '-the angle between the existing second nozzle head and the inner wall of the dispersion medium conduit and β' -the angle between the existing first nozzle head and the inner wall of the oil gas conduit;
3-an inlet for the dispersion medium,
31-protrusions, 32-mixing chamber, 33-conduit for dispersion medium,
4-the entrance of the light raw material,
41-light raw material conduit (outer tube), 42-third nozzle head, 421-outlet end of third nozzle head (third planar structure),
5-a thermocouple sleeve pipe is arranged in the cavity,
6-main pipe;
701-atomizing nozzle, 702-riser reactor, 703-stripper, 704 oil gas, 705 flue gas, 706-regenerator,
7021-riser wall.
Detailed Description
The following examples illustrate the invention in detail: the present example is carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and processes are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and the experimental methods without specific conditions noted in the following examples are generally performed according to conventional conditions.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a nozzle for a catalytic cracking unit, the nozzle comprising a nozzle body,
the nozzle main body is a three-layer sleeve composed of an inner pipe 21, a main pipe 6 and an outer pipe 41, the two ends of the three-layer sleeve are respectively provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the inner pipe 21 is positioned outside the main pipe 6, the outlet end of the inner pipe 21 is positioned inside the main pipe 6, the outer pipe 41 is arranged on the outer wall of the main pipe 6, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the outer pipe are both positioned outside the main pipe 6;
the outlet end of the main pipe 6 is provided with a second nozzle head 1, the inlet end of the second nozzle head 1 is connected with the outlet end of the main pipe 6, the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1 extends to the outside of the main pipe 6, the cross-sectional area of the second nozzle head 1 is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the main pipe, and the second nozzle head 1 is in a truncated cone shape;
the outlet end of the inner pipe 21 is provided with a first nozzle head 22, the inlet end of the first nozzle head 22 is connected with the outlet end of the inner pipe 21, the outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 is close to the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1, the first nozzle head 22 is provided with at least one passage and at least one outlet end, the cross-sectional area of the first nozzle head 22 is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the inner pipe, and the first nozzle head 22 is in a circular truncated cone shape;
the outlet end of the outer pipe 41 is provided with a third nozzle head 42, the inlet end of the third nozzle head 42 is connected with the outlet end of the outer pipe 41, the outlet end of the third nozzle head 42 extends to the outside of the outer pipe 42, the direction of the outlet end of the third nozzle head 42 is consistent with the direction of the outlet end of the second nozzle head 22, and the outlet end of the third nozzle head 42 is positioned below the first nozzle head 22;
at least one protrusion 31 is arranged on the inner wall of the main pipe 6.
Wherein the inlet end of the outer tube 41 is located above the inlet end of the main tube 6, and the outlet end of the outer tube 41 is located below the outlet end of the inner tube 21.
The inner tube 21, the main tube 6 and the outer tube 41 are all cylindrical sleeves, the inner tube 21, the main tube 6 and the outer tube 41 have the same longitudinal center line, and the inner tube 21 and the main tube 6 are fixedly connected through a positioning column (not shown).
Wherein the first nozzle head 22 and the second nozzle head 1 have the same longitudinal centre line; the longitudinal centerline of the third nozzle tip 42 is parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the first nozzle tip 22.
The outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 extends into the second nozzle head 1, and the distance between the outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 and the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1 is 0.006-0.030 m.
Wherein the outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 is a first planar structure 221, the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1 is a second planar structure 101, the outlet end of the third nozzle head 42 is a third planar structure 421, and a plurality of holes are arranged on the first planar structure 221, the second planar structure 101 and the third planar structure 421.
The number of the holes in the first planar structure 221 is greater than or equal to the number of the holes in the second planar structure 101, the holes are circular holes or duckbill-shaped holes, the diameter of each circular hole is 0.1-10 mm, and the length and the width of each duckbill-shaped hole are 0.1-10 mm respectively.
Wherein the included angle between the inner wall of the first nozzle head 22 and the inner wall of the inner tube 21 is β -85 degrees, the included angle between the inner wall of the second nozzle head 1 and the inner wall of the main tube 6 is α -89 degrees, and the sum of α and β is 90 degrees.
In another embodiment of the invention, α is 35-65 °, β is 25-55 °.
In addition, the angle β between the inner wall of the first nozzle tip 22 and the inner wall of the inner tube 21 and the angle α between the inner wall of the second nozzle tip 1 and the inner wall of the main tube 6 are close to each other, preferably differ by no more than 30 °, and most preferably by no more than 10 °.
Wherein, the longitudinal section of the protrusion 31 is rectangular, semicircular, semi-elliptical or semi-rhombic.
Wherein, the bulge 31 is positioned in the middle of the main pipe 6, and the distance between the midpoint of the bulge 31 and the outlet end of the main pipe 6 is 50-90% of the distance between the inlet end and the outlet end of the main pipe 6.
Wherein, an annular liquid pipeline, namely a dispersion medium conduit 33 is formed between the outer wall of the inner pipe 21 and the inner wall of the main pipe 6, and a pipeline with a reducing structure, namely a mixing cavity 32 is formed between the inner wall of the second nozzle head 1 and the outer wall of the first nozzle head 22; the inner pipe 21 is an oil-gas guide pipe, the inlet end of the inner pipe 21 is a raw oil feeding inlet 2, and the inlet end of the main pipe 6 is a dispersion medium inlet 3; the inlet end of the outer pipe 41 is a light raw material inlet 4, the radius of the main pipe 6 is 0.05-0.25 m, the radius of the inner pipe 21 is 0.04-0.20 m, and the radius of the outer pipe 41 is 0.03-0.18 m.
In one embodiment of the invention, the radius of the main tube 6 is 0.1m, 0.25m, 0.12m or 0.2 m.
In one embodiment of the invention, the radius of the outer tube 41 is 0.05m, 0.25m, 0.1m, 0.12m or 0.2 m.
Wherein, the outer wall of the inner pipe 21 is provided with a thermocouple sleeve 5, and the thermocouple sleeve 5 is arranged outside the main pipe 6 and close to the inlet end of the inner pipe 21.
In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the second nozzle head 1 is a circular truncated cone, the first nozzle head 22 and the second nozzle head 1 have the same longitudinal centerline, the first nozzle head 22 extends into the second nozzle head 1, the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1 extends outwardly beyond the outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 by a distance, and the distance between the outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 and the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1 is 0.006-0.030 m, which is suitable for spraying the water vapor and the heavy oil hydrocarbon into the catalytic cracking reactor in a substantially uniform atomization manner.
When the feeding atomizing nozzle works normally, heavy oil hydrocarbon enters the inner pipe 21 through the raw oil feeding inlet 2, is heated by the thermocouple sleeve 5 and then enters the oil-gas conduit 21 to be sprayed out from the first nozzle head 22, meanwhile, water vapor enters the dispersion medium conduit 33 through the dispersion medium inlet 3, the water vapor is contacted with the heavy oil hydrocarbon in the mixing cavity 32, and the mixing cavity 32 is of a reducing structure along the flowing direction of the water vapor and the hydrocarbon, so that the water vapor enters the hydrocarbon to form a fine two-phase mixture of water vapor bubbles sprayed out of the hydrocarbon oil mixture, the heavy oil hydrocarbon and the water vapor are quickly and fully mixed in the mixing cavity 32, meanwhile, the flow rate of the mixed material is accelerated, and finally the mixed material is sprayed out by the second atomizing nozzle 1.
It can be seen that the second nozzle head 1 is used to atomize the steam and heavy oil hydrocarbons into the catalytic cracking reactor substantially uniformly, so that the mixture of steam and heavy oil hydrocarbons is fed into the catalytic cracking reactor; the channels at the outlet end of the mixing chamber 32 are not blocked, and the heavy oil feedstock and the outlet end of the gas pipeline flow to form a cold-heat conversion function, so that the heavy oil feedstock is prevented from being blocked due to coking.
Steam and/or light raw materials enter from the light raw material inlet 4, enter the third nozzle head 42 through the conduit 41, and pre-react with the regenerated catalyst to pre-lift the catalyst.
The feed atomizing nozzle of the present invention is suitable for use in a process of catalytically cracking a heavy oil hydrocarbon, as shown in fig. 4 and 2, in which the heavy oil hydrocarbon is preheated and mixed with steam, passes through the atomizing nozzle 701, and is fed into a riser catalytic cracking reactor 702, the heavy oil hydrocarbon is then contacted with a cracking catalyst to produce light hydrocarbons and a spent catalyst coated with a coke layer, the light hydrocarbons are discharged from the reactor through a stripper 703 to obtain an oil gas 704, a portion of the catalyst coated with coke is fed into a regeneration reactor 706, and at least a portion of the coke on the spent catalyst is burned off to regenerate the catalyst and thereby produce a flue gas 705.
One aspect of the present invention is to provide an atomizing nozzle for feeding heavy oil hydrocarbons into the riser catalytic cracking reactor 702, which is generally horizontally (as shown in fig. 4), vertically, or obliquely mounted in the riser reactor, although other orientations are possible. When the atomizing nozzle is mounted vertically, the nozzle typically extends upwardly from the bottom or inlet end of the reactor; when the atomizing nozzles are not mounted vertically, the nozzles typically extend from the riser wall 7021 at a position somewhere between vertical and horizontal (see FIG. 2), and different positioning typically requires different outlet end designs, as the desired spray pattern depends on the orientation of the nozzles. The nozzle of the present invention is adaptable to all of these orientations and thus the shape of the holes in the second outlet end 1 can be varied to achieve the desired spray pattern.
Typically, for vertically mounted atomizing nozzles, the holes in the second nozzle head 1 may be made square, circular, oval, slit-shaped or other non-linear shapes to form a spray suitable for a pipe.
The first nozzle head 22 is attached to the outlet end of the inner tube 21, optionally by various conventional means such as screwing or welding, which is also suitable for the connection of the second nozzle head 1 to the main tube 6.
The second nozzle head 1 has at least one outlet, and if the second nozzle head 1 has two outlets, the first nozzle head 22 should comprise at least two open channels corresponding to the outlets of the second nozzle head 1, respectively.
Example 1
The nozzle for the riser of the catalytic cracking unit adopted in this embodiment includes a nozzle main body, the nozzle main body is a three-layer sleeve composed of an inner tube 21, a main tube 6 and an outer tube 41, two ends of the three-layer sleeve are respectively an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the inner tube 21 is located outside the main tube 6, the outlet end of the inner tube 21 is located inside the main tube 6, the outer tube 41 is arranged on the outer wall of the main tube 6, and the inlet end and the outlet end are both located outside the main tube 6;
the outlet end of the main pipe 6 is provided with a second nozzle head 1, the inlet end of the second nozzle head 1 is connected with the outlet end of the main pipe 6, the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1 extends to the outside of the main pipe 6, the cross-sectional area of the second nozzle head 1 is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the inner pipe, and the second nozzle head 1 is in a circular truncated cone shape;
the outlet end of the inner pipe 21 is provided with a first nozzle head 22, the inlet end of the first nozzle head 22 is connected with the outlet end of the inner pipe 21, the outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 is close to the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1, the distance between the outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 and the outlet end of the second nozzle head 1 is 0.020m, the first nozzle head 22 is provided with a passage and an outlet end, the cross-sectional area of the first nozzle head 22 is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the inner pipe, and the first nozzle head 22 is in a truncated cone shape;
the outlet end of the outer pipe 41 is provided with a third nozzle head 42, the inlet end of the third nozzle head 42 is connected with the outlet end of the outer pipe 41, the outlet end of the third nozzle head 42 extends to the outside of the outer pipe 42, the direction of the outlet end of the third nozzle head 42 is consistent with the direction of the outlet end of the second nozzle head 22, and the outlet end of the third nozzle head 42 is positioned below the first nozzle head 22;
the inner wall of the main pipe 6 is provided with a bulge 31, the longitudinal section of the bulge 31 is rectangular, the bulge 31 is positioned in the middle of the main pipe 6, and the distance between the midpoint of the bulge 31 and the outlet end of the main pipe 6 is 60% of the distance between the inlet end and the outlet end of the main pipe 6.
Wherein, an annular liquid pipeline, namely a dispersion medium conduit 33 is formed between the outer wall of the inner pipe 21 and the inner wall of the main pipe 6, and a pipeline with a reducing structure, namely a mixing cavity 32 is formed between the inner wall of the second nozzle head 1 and the outer wall of the first nozzle head 22; the inner pipe 21 is an oil-gas guide pipe, the inlet end of the inner pipe 21 is a raw oil feeding inlet, and the inlet end of the main pipe 6 is a dispersion medium inlet; the radius of the main tube 6 is 0.2m, the radius of the inner tube 21 is 0.11m, and the radius of the outer tube 41 is 0.1 m.
Wherein, the outer wall of the inner tube 21 is provided with a thermocouple sleeve 5, specifically, the thermocouple sleeve 5 is arranged outside the main tube 6 and close to the inlet end of the inner tube 21.
Specifically, the inner tube 21, the main tube 6 and the outer tube 41 are all cylindrical sleeves, the inner tube 21 and the main tube 6 have the same longitudinal center line, the longitudinal center line of the third nozzle head 42 is parallel to the longitudinal center line of the first nozzle head 22, and the inner tube 21 and the main tube 6 are fixedly connected by a positioning column (not shown).
Specifically, the outlet end of the first nozzle head 22 is a first planar structure 221, the outlet end of the second nozzle head 42 is a second planar structure 101, the outlet end of the third nozzle head 42 is a third planar structure 421, the first planar structure 221 is provided with 6 holes (the diameter is 1mm), the second planar structure 101 is provided with 4 holes (the diameter is 1mm), and the third planar structure 421 is provided with 4 holes (the diameter is 0.5 mm).
The angle between the inner wall of the first nozzle head 22 and the inner wall of the inner tube 21 is β, said β is 45 °, the angle between the inner wall of the second nozzle head 1 and the inner wall of the outer tube 6 is α, said α is 45 °.
Adopt water and decompression wax oil to feed respectively, water becomes vapor and gets into vapor pipeline promptly dispersion medium pipe after the heating, and decompression wax oil gets into heavy oil annular duct promptly oil gas pipe, and the rate of feed, the feed pressure and the temperature of decompression wax oil at raw oil feedstock inlet 2 are respectively: 1.7kg/h, 0.02Mpa, 300 ℃; the feed rate, feed pressure and temperature of the water vapor at the dispersion medium inlet 3 were respectively: 4g/min, 0.02Mpa, 500 ℃; the light raw material adopts gasoline, the gasoline enters the light raw material guide pipe 41 from the light raw material inlet 4, and the feeding speed, the feeding pressure and the temperature of the gasoline at the light raw material inlet 4 are respectively as follows: 4g/min, 0.02MPa and 360 ℃.
The test results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the existing atomizing nozzle shown in fig. 5 is used, and the tube wall is not provided with projections, wherein β 'is 45 ° and α' is 40 °.
The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
From table 1, it can be seen that the feed nozzle assembly of the present invention has superior performance in the experiment. Due to the addition of the mixing chamber, it is important to have a smaller droplet size for uniform dispersion and uniform contact with the catalyst, thereby avoiding non-selective reactions.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it is therefore intended that all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention be considered as within the following claims.
Claims (14)
1. An atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction is characterized in that the atomizing nozzle comprises a nozzle main body,
the nozzle main body is a three-layer sleeve composed of an inner pipe, a main pipe and an outer pipe, wherein the two ends of the three-layer sleeve are respectively provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the inner pipe is positioned outside the main pipe, the outlet end of the inner pipe is positioned inside the main pipe, the outer pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the main pipe, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the outer pipe are both positioned outside the main pipe;
the outlet end of the main pipe is provided with a second nozzle head, the inlet end of the second nozzle head is connected with the outlet end of the main pipe, the outlet end of the second nozzle head extends to the outside of the main pipe, the cross-sectional area of the first nozzle head is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the main pipe, and the second nozzle head is in a cone shape;
the outlet end of the inner pipe is provided with a first nozzle head, the inlet end of the first nozzle head is connected with the outlet end of the inner pipe, the outlet end of the first nozzle head is close to the outlet end of the second nozzle head, the first nozzle head is provided with at least one channel and at least one outlet end, the cross-sectional area of the first nozzle head is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the inner pipe, and the first nozzle head is in a circular truncated cone shape;
the outlet end of the outer pipe is provided with a third nozzle head, the inlet end of the third nozzle head is connected with the outlet end of the outer pipe, the outlet end of the third nozzle head extends to the outside of the outer pipe, the direction of the outlet end of the third nozzle head is consistent with the direction of the outlet end of the second nozzle head, and the outlet end of the third nozzle head is positioned below the first nozzle head;
the inner wall of the main pipe is provided with at least one bulge.
2. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein the inlet end of the outer tube is positioned above the inlet end of the main tube, and the outlet end of the outer tube is positioned below the outlet end of the inner tube.
3. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein the inner tube, the main tube and the outer tube are cylindrical sleeves, the inner tube, the main tube and the outer tube have the same longitudinal centerline, and the inner tube and the main tube are fixedly connected by a positioning post.
4. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein the first nozzle tip and the second nozzle tip have the same longitudinal centerline; the longitudinal centerline of the third nozzle head is parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the first nozzle head.
5. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein the outlet end of the first nozzle tip projects into the interior of the second nozzle tip.
6. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 5, wherein a distance between an outlet end of the first nozzle tip and an outlet end of the second nozzle tip is 0.006 to 0.030 m.
7. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein the outlet end of the first nozzle tip is of a first planar configuration, the outlet end of the second nozzle tip is of a second planar configuration, and the outlet end of the third nozzle tip is of a third planar configuration, and wherein the first, second and third planar configurations each have a plurality of apertures disposed therein.
8. The catalytic cracking unit reaction nozzle according to claim 7, wherein the number of the holes in the first planar structure is greater than or equal to the number of the holes in the second planar structure, the holes are circular holes or duckbill-shaped holes, the diameter of the circular holes is 0.1-10 mm, and the length and width of the duckbill-shaped holes are 0.1-10 mm respectively.
9. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle as set forth in claim 1, wherein an angle between the inner wall of the first nozzle head and the inner wall of the inner tube is β, the angle between β is 20 ° to 85 °, the angle between the inner wall of the second nozzle head and the inner wall of the main tube is α, the angle between α ° to 89 °, and the sum of α and β is 90 °.
10. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 9, wherein the α is 35 ° to 65 ° and the β is 25 ° to 55 °.
11. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein the projections have a longitudinal cross section in the shape of a rectangle, a semicircle, a semi-ellipse or a semi-rhombus.
12. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein the protrusion is located at the middle of the main tube, and the distance between the midpoint of the protrusion and the outlet end of the main tube is 5% to 90% of the distance between the inlet end and the outlet end of the main tube.
13. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein the radius of the main tube is 0.05 to 0.25m, the radius of the inner tube is 0.04 to 0.20m, and the radius of the outer tube is 0.03 to 0.18 m.
14. The catalytic cracker reaction nozzle of claim 1, wherein a thermocouple sleeve is provided on the outer wall of the inner tube, the thermocouple sleeve being disposed outside the outer tube and adjacent to the inlet end of the inner tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811157929.XA CN110961051A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811157929.XA CN110961051A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110961051A true CN110961051A (en) | 2020-04-07 |
Family
ID=70028867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811157929.XA Pending CN110961051A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110961051A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4795547A (en) * | 1986-03-27 | 1989-01-03 | Shell Oil Company | Process for contacting particulate solids with a fluid |
| CN101838546A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Reactor and method for preparing propylene by method of group feeding of heavy oil and light olefin |
| CN201900063U (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-07-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Bubble atomizing nozzle |
| CN203842732U (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-09-24 | 陆奇志 | Liquid atomizing nozzle |
| CN207385184U (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-05-22 | 陈峰华 | A kind of three wear-resisting desulfurization atomising devices of runner air force |
-
2018
- 2018-09-30 CN CN201811157929.XA patent/CN110961051A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4795547A (en) * | 1986-03-27 | 1989-01-03 | Shell Oil Company | Process for contacting particulate solids with a fluid |
| CN101838546A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Reactor and method for preparing propylene by method of group feeding of heavy oil and light olefin |
| CN201900063U (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-07-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Bubble atomizing nozzle |
| CN203842732U (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-09-24 | 陆奇志 | Liquid atomizing nozzle |
| CN207385184U (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-05-22 | 陈峰华 | A kind of three wear-resisting desulfurization atomising devices of runner air force |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5794857A (en) | Feed nozzle | |
| US5108583A (en) | FCC process using feed atomization nozzle | |
| CA2040030C (en) | Fcc feed injector | |
| CN101652186B (en) | Spray nozzles and method for maintaining jet fluid spray model and restraining corrosion thereof | |
| ZA200603658B (en) | Feed Nozzle Assembly | |
| WO2011044201A2 (en) | Flow distribution device for downflow catalytic reactors | |
| US4793913A (en) | Method for liquid feed dispersion in fluid catalytic cracking systems | |
| EP0813582B1 (en) | Feed nozzle assembly | |
| US6199768B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for atomizing FCC feed oil | |
| JPH11262702A (en) | Atomizing nozzle and method of use thereof | |
| CN102229812A (en) | Feeding spray nozzle of catalytic cracking device | |
| EP3421124A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for converting liquid stream into fine droplets | |
| CN110961047A (en) | Nozzle for catalytic cracking device | |
| US4948568A (en) | Method and apparatus for liquid feed dispersion in fluid catalytic cracking systems | |
| CN205659650U (en) | Whirl bubble atomizing catalytic cracking feed nozzle | |
| EP3101093B1 (en) | Fcc feed injector with improved atomization | |
| CN110961051A (en) | Atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction | |
| CN110961268A (en) | Atomizing nozzle for lifting pipe | |
| CN110961048A (en) | Atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking device | |
| CN110964555A (en) | Atomizing nozzle for lifting pipe | |
| CN110961046A (en) | Atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit reaction | |
| CN110961050A (en) | Atomizing nozzle for lifting pipe of catalytic cracking device | |
| CN110961044A (en) | Nozzle for lifting pipe of catalytic cracking unit and application thereof | |
| JP7345649B2 (en) | Fluid catalytic cracking feed injector | |
| CN202530045U (en) | Atomization feed spray nozzle for catalytic cracking |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20200407 |