CN110927258A - Christmas tree acoustic emission source positioning method and Christmas tree device - Google Patents
Christmas tree acoustic emission source positioning method and Christmas tree device Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a Christmas tree sound emission source positioning method and a Christmas tree device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining an effective signal transmission distance according to a signal propagation attenuation rule in each pipeline of the Christmas tree; determining the number of the components of the Christmas tree which need to be spaced between two adjacent sensors when the sensors are configured on each pipeline according to the effective transmission distance of the signals; combining component data of the Christmas tree, configuring sensors in each pipeline of the Christmas tree and recording position information of the sensors; when the sound source is transmitted at any position of the Christmas tree, determining the approximate position of the sound source through two adjacent sensors which receive signals firstly; and calculating the accurate position of the sound source according to the signal propagation rate between two adjacent sensors which receive signals firstly and by combining the position information of the sensors. The embodiment of the invention can accurately position the position of the acoustic emission source, is suitable for positioning and monitoring the acoustic emission source of the onshore Christmas tree in a service state in real time, greatly improves the efficiency of detection and positioning, reduces the detection cost and has high defect detection rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of defect detection, in particular to a land Christmas tree acoustic emission source positioning method and a Christmas tree device.
Background
The acoustic emission belongs to the category of dynamic nondestructive detection technology, and can realize the defect positioning of one-dimensional rod pieces, two-dimensional planes and three-dimensional blocky complex structures in the field of defect detection. At land terminal equipment production tree that petrochemical industry field is commonly used, production tree is inside to have stronger pressure under the state of being in service, and inside oil gas has certain corrosivity, and production tree probably produces corruption and crack propagation defect under this state, and then leads to structural strength to change, appears oil gas leakage phenomenon even. At present, an in-service detection means of the Christmas tree is lacked, equipment needs to be shut down in a conventional detection method, the detection efficiency is low, and the normal operation and production of the equipment are influenced. The acoustic emission nondestructive testing technology can provide help for detecting and positioning damage defects of the integral structure of the onshore Christmas tree in a service state, but the difficulty of in-service detection of the Christmas tree is high, and the popularization and application of the technology are determined by the detection efficiency and the detection rate of the defects.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for positioning a tree acoustic emission source and a tree apparatus, so as to solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art.
As an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for positioning a christmas tree acoustic emission source, including:
determining an effective signal transmission distance according to a signal propagation attenuation rule in each pipeline of the Christmas tree;
determining the number of the components of the Christmas tree which need to be spaced between two adjacent sensors when the sensors are configured on each pipeline according to the effective signal transmission distance;
configuring the sensors in each pipeline of the Christmas tree and recording the position information of the sensors by combining the component data of the Christmas tree;
when any position of the Christmas tree is propagated by a sound source, determining the approximate position of the sound source through two adjacent sensors which receive signals firstly;
and calculating the accurate position of the sound source by combining the position information of the sensors according to the signal propagation rate between two adjacent sensors which receive signals firstly.
In some embodiments, when an acoustic source is propagated at any location of the tree, determining the approximate location of the acoustic source by two adjacent sensors that receive the signal first comprises:
the two sensors which receive signals firstly respectively acquire signal receiving time;
acquiring the position information of the two sensors which receive signals firstly in the Christmas tree, wherein the position information comprises the distance between the two sensors and the positions of the two sensors in the Christmas tree;
determining an approximate location of the sound source based on the location information.
In some embodiments, the method comprises:
arranging an analog sound source between every two adjacent sensors;
collecting the time of the signal of the simulated sound source propagating to the two sensors;
collecting the distances from the simulated sound source to the two sensors;
and calculating the signal propagation rate between every two adjacent sensors according to the time of the signal of the simulated sound source propagating to the two sensors and the distance between the simulated sound source and the two sensors.
In some embodiments, the signal propagation rate is calculated by the formula:
v＝(d1-d2)/(t1-t2)；
where v represents the signal propagation rate, d1 represents the distance of the analog sound source from one of the sensors, d2 represents the distance of the analog sound source from the other of the sensors, t1 represents the time at which the signal of the analog sound source propagates to one of the sensors, and t2 represents the time at which the signal of the analog sound source propagates to the other of the sensors.
In some embodiments, the precise location of the sound source is calculated by the formula:
where v represents the signal propagation rate, d3 represents the distance from the sound source to one of the sensors, d4 represents the distance from the sound source to the other of the sensors, d0 represents the distance between two adjacent sensors, t3 represents the time at which the signal from the sound source propagates to one of the sensors, and t4 represents the time at which the signal from the sound source propagates to the other of the sensors.
As another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a christmas tree device, including:
the first pipeline is provided with a first section and a second section, one end of the first section is connected with a first connecting end of the four-way interface, and one end of the second section is connected with a second connecting end of the four-way interface so as to form the first pipeline which is horizontally arranged;
the second pipeline is provided with a third section and a fourth section, one end of the third section is connected with the third connecting end of the four-way connector, and the fourth section is connected with the fourth connecting end of the four-way connector to form the second pipeline which is vertically arranged;
the third pipeline is provided with a fifth section and a sixth section, one end of the fifth section is connected with the first connecting end of the four-way casing head, and the sixth section is connected with the second connecting end of the four-way casing head to form a horizontally arranged third pipeline; the third connecting end of the four-way casing head is connected with the other end of the third section of the second pipeline; so that the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline form a tree structure;
the sensors are arranged at one ends, far away from the four-way interface, of the first section, the second section, the third section and the fourth section; the sensors are arranged at one ends of the fifth section and the sixth section, which are far away from the four-way casing head; the sensor is also arranged on the four-way interface and the four-way casing joint.
In some embodiments, the method comprises:
the first section, the second section, the third section and the fourth section are provided with a first pipe section, a first connecting piece, a first gate valve, a second connecting piece and a second pipe section which are sequentially connected; one end of each second pipe section is communicated with the four-way connector;
the fifth section and the sixth section are sequentially connected with a third pipe section, a third connecting piece, a third gate valve, a fourth connecting piece and a fourth pipe section; one end of each fourth pipe section is connected with the four-way casing head;
and one end of the first pipe section of the third section is connected with the four-way casing head.
In some embodiments, the first connector, the second connector, the third connector, and the fourth connector each employ a clip structure.
In some embodiments, the third connection end of the four-way casing head is connected to the other end of the third section of the second pipeline by a flange.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: the embodiment of the invention can accurately position the position of the acoustic emission source, is suitable for positioning and monitoring the acoustic emission source of the onshore Christmas tree in a service state in real time, greatly improves the efficiency of detection and positioning, reduces the detection cost and has high defect detection rate.
The foregoing summary is provided for the purpose of description only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and following detailed description.
Drawings
In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts or elements throughout the several views unless otherwise specified. The figures are not necessarily to scale. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only some embodiments in accordance with the disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for positioning an acoustic emission source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a christmas tree according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of sound source positions in a pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4a is a graph of signal amplitude attenuation acquired by the second pipeline according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4b is an amplitude attenuation diagram of the signal collected by the first pipeline according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4c is an amplitude attenuation diagram of a signal collected by a third pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of simulated sound source locations in a pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6a is a diagram of the simulated sound source localization result of the localization group 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6b is a diagram of the simulated sound source localization result of the localization group 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6c is a diagram of the simulated sound source localization result of the positioning group 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component in question must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two components can be communicated with each other or mutually interacted. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or uses of other materials.
Referring to fig. 1, as an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment provides a method for positioning a christmas tree acoustic emission source, including the steps of:
s100: and determining the effective transmission distance of the signals according to the propagation attenuation rule of the signals in each pipeline of the Christmas tree.
S200: and determining the number of the components of the Christmas tree which need to be spaced between two adjacent sensors when the sensors are configured on each pipeline according to the effective transmission distance of the signals.
S300: and combining the component data of the Christmas tree, arranging sensors in each pipeline of the Christmas tree and recording the position information of the sensors. The component data for the tree includes the overall dimensions of the tree, the relative positions of the various components in the tree within the tree, and the distance between adjacent components. The data of the components can be obtained by putting the Christmas tree into a rectangular coordinate system, so that the data of the position of each component of the Christmas tree can be obtained, and the calculation of the relative distance of the subsequent sensing sensors and the position of the simulated sound source is facilitated.
S400: when a sound source propagates at any position of the tree, the approximate position of the sound source is determined by the two adjacent sensors that receive the signal first.
S500: and calculating the accurate position of the sound source according to the signal propagation rate between two adjacent sensors which receive signals firstly and by combining the position information of the sensors. Preferably, the calculation method employs a time difference location method.
In an application example, the step S100 determines the effective transmission distance of the signal according to a propagation attenuation law of the signal in each pipeline of the christmas tree, and specifically includes:
as shown in fig. 2, a tree structure is provided, which includes a first pipe 10 and a third pipe 20 arranged horizontally and parallel to each other, and a second pipe 30 perpendicular to the first pipe 10 and the third pipe 20.
Determining the propagation attenuation law of acoustic emission signals of each pipeline of the Christmas tree, setting a second pipeline 30 in the vertical direction in fig. 2 as a first signal propagation path, and setting a second signal propagation path (a first pipeline 10) and a third signal propagation path (a third pipeline 20) in the horizontal direction from top to bottom, and sequentially installing sensors 1 at the end parts of the three signal propagation paths in fig. 2. And simulating sound sources at a plurality of positions of each path, wherein the sound source positions are sequentially far away from the arranged sensors, and each sound source position simulates a signal for a plurality of times.
For example, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of sound source positions 8 are preset on a first pipeline 10, the sound source positions 8 can be arranged near each component on the first pipeline 10, one sound source position 8 coincides with the position of a sensor 1, the other sound source positions 8 are sequentially far away from the sensor 1, sound emitted by a broken lead core is used as a simulation sound source, the lead core is broken 3-5 times at each sound source position 8, the acquired signal amplitude attenuation diagram is shown in fig. 4a, 4b and 4c, the three diagrams show that, on three signal propagation paths, when an acoustic emission signal passes through 3 components and reaches the sensor 1, the signal amplitude is attenuated to about 40-50dB, according to the noise level of the environment in the service field of the Christmas tree, the threshold value is preferably 40dB during signal acquisition, so that most of the Christmas tree components between the sound source generating an effective signal and the nearest sensor 1 are three, therefore, in the arrangement process of the sensor 1, the number of the components between the two sensors 1 is three, the arrangement principle of the sensor 1 is ① - ⑧ positions in fig. 2, the total number of the sensors 1 is equal to that the sensors are two, and the sensors are all the sensors are equal to two, and the sensors are.
In one embodiment, the common land-based terminal Christmas tree mainly comprises a pipe section 2, an oil pipe four-way joint 3, a four-way casing head 4, a hoop 5, a gate valve 6 and the like, and is of a tree-shaped structure.
The in-service christmas tree's acoustic source location 8 typically occurs on the inside walls of the pipeline and components. The sensor 1 is arranged at a certain position of the Christmas tree, sound sources are simulated at the inner wall and the outer wall of the Christmas tree respectively, when the thickness of a component is ignored, the two simulated sound source positions 8 are overlapped, the signal amplitudes of the two collected simulated sound sources are close, and therefore when the subsequent simulated sound sources are used, the sound source positions 8 are both on the outer wall of the Christmas tree pipeline and the component. The Christmas tree is of a three-dimensional structure, the sensor 1 is placed at a certain position of the Christmas tree, a sound source is simulated on a component close to or close to the position of the sensor 1 around the component, the distance between each sound source position 8 and the sensor 1 is equal, and the amplitude of the collected acoustic emission signals is equal or close, so that the Christmas tree is simplified to be of a one-dimensional rod structure, and the used positioning method is one-dimensional time difference linear positioning.
When the sound source signal is propagated in the Christmas tree structure, the sound source signal is simplified into three propagation paths according to the structure form. Placing a sensor 1 at one end of each path, selecting a plurality of sound source positions 8 on each component of a signal propagation path, wherein one sound source position 8 is basically coincident with the sensor 1, breaking a lead core at each sound source position 8, obtaining the maximum propagation distance of the signal according to the amplitude of the collected acoustic emission signal and a threshold value set by parameters, and laying the sensor 1 on each propagation path by taking the maximum propagation distance as a reference.
In one embodiment, when there is an acoustic source propagating at any position of the tree, determining the approximate position of the acoustic source by the two adjacent sensors 1 that receive the signal first comprises:
the two sensors 1 which receive the signals first collect the signal receiving time respectively.
Position information of the two sensors 1, which receive signals first, in the christmas tree is acquired, the position information including the distance between the two sensors 1 and the positions of the two sensors 1 in the christmas tree.
Based on the position information, an approximate position of the sound source is determined.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
an analog sound source is provided between each adjacent two of the sensors 1. Every two sensors 1 form a positioning group. Each positioning group covers the whole Christmas tree structure so as to realize the sound source detection of any position of the Christmas tree.
The time of propagation of the signal of the analog sound source to the two sensors 1 is collected.
The distances of the simulated sound source to the two sensors 1 are acquired.
The signal propagation rate between each adjacent two sensors 1 is calculated based on the time of the signal of the analog sound source propagating to the two sensors 1 and the distance from the analog sound source to the two sensors 1.
The signal propagation rate is calculated by the formula:
v＝(d1-d2)/(t1-t2)。
where v denotes a signal propagation velocity, d1 denotes a distance of the analog sound source to one of the sensors 1, d2 denotes a distance of the analog sound source to the other sensor 1, t1 denotes a time when the signal of the analog sound source propagates to one of the sensors 1, and t2 denotes a time when the signal of the analog sound source propagates to the other sensor 1.
In one embodiment, when the sound source position 8 is at the position shown by the propagation path shown in fig. 5, the exact position of the sound source is calculated by the formula:
where v denotes a signal propagation velocity, d3 denotes a distance of the sound source to one of the sensors 1, d4 denotes a distance of the sound source to the other sensor 1, d0 denotes a distance between two adjacent sensors 1, t3 denotes a time when the signal of the sound source propagates to one of the sensors 1, and t4 denotes a time when the signal of the sound source propagates to the other sensor 1.
In an application example, as shown in fig. 2, two adjacent sensors 1 form a positioning group according to the relative positions of the sensors 1 on three propagation paths, and the positioning group 1 comprises sensors ① and ③, the positioning group 2 comprises sensors ② and ③, the positioning group 3 comprises sensors ③ and ④, the positioning group 4 comprises sensors ③ and ③ 3, the positioning group 5 comprises sensors ⑤ and ③ 0, the positioning group 6 comprises sensors ③ 2 and ③ 1, and the positioning group 7 comprises sensors ⑥ and ⑧.
Each alignment group comprises sensor numbers and sensor spacings as indicated in table 1, and each alignment group is responsible for detecting the component parts comprised between two sensors 1.
Taking the positioning group 1 as an example, the distance between ① and ③ sensors is 0.44m, a sound source is simulated at the position of 0.30m of a sensor ①, the distance between the sound source and the sensor ③ is 0.14m, the time t1 and t2 from the sound source to the two sensors are 5.5232157s and 5.5231208s respectively, according to a formula, the velocity v is (d1-d2)/(t1-t2) to obtain the propagation velocity of the simulated sound source between the sensors ① and ③ is 1685.98m/s, and the propagation velocities of the rest of the positioning groups can be obtained in the same way, and the acoustic emission signal propagation velocities of 7 positioning groups are given in table 1.
TABLE 1
And then simulating a sound source at any position of the Christmas tree, capturing an acoustic emission signal by a positioning group closest to the sound source, and obtaining the specific position of the simulated sound source by utilizing the acquired arrival time of the sound source to the sensor and the known propagation rate and utilizing an accurate position calculation formula of the sound source.
The positioning process is specifically described below by way of specific embodiments.
In the first example, the distance between the transducer 1 No. ① and No. ③ is 0.44m in the positioning group 1, the sound source is simulated 3 times at the same position in the valve cavity between the two transducers 1, the real distances of the transducer 1 No. ① and No. ③ are 0.17m and 0.27m, respectively, the times of the simulated sound source reaching the transducer 1 No. ① and No. ③ at signal propagation rate 1685.98 m/s.3 are, respectively, the first simulated sound source 92.5889968s and 92.5890845s, the second simulated sound source 112.0414007s and 112.0414260s, the third simulated sound source 161.8368292s and 161.8368473s, the positions of the 3 simulated sound sources are calculated according to the sound source position calculation formula, i.e., the first simulated sound source position d1 is 0.146 m.d 2 is 0.294m, the second sound source position d1 is 0.198 m.d 2 is 0.242m, the third simulated sound source position d1 is 0.198 m.3 m.2 is 0.242m, the third simulated sound source position d3 is calculated by the simulated sound source position d3 m.42 and the simulated sound source position is 3984.
In the second example, the sensors ② and ③ in the positioning group 2 are spaced apart by 0.48m, the sound source is simulated 3 times at the same position of the yoke 5 near the sensor ②, the actual distances of the sound source positions are ② and ③ are 0.12m and 0.36m, respectively, the times of the simulated sound sources reaching the sensor ② and ③ are 1151.08 m/s.3 in the positioning group 2, respectively, the first simulated sound source 58.1014183s and 58.1016320s, the second simulated sound source 62.8136665s and 62.8138845s, the third simulated sound source 69.8125763s and 69.81277798s, the positions of the 3 simulated sound sources are calculated according to the sound source position calculation formula, the first simulated sound source position d1 is 0.117 m.d 2 is 0.363m, the second simulated sound source position d1 is 0.1145 m.d 2 is 0.3655m, the third sound source position d 3527 is 862 m, the simulated sound source positions are calculated as d 3527, 867, the actual sound source positions are also calculated as the simulated sound source positions of the respective distances of the hoop 5 and 847.
The third example is that the sound source is simulated 3 times at the same position near the hoop 5 of the sensor No. ⑥ at the distances of ⑤ and ⑥ from the sensor No. 585, the true distances of the sensor No. ⑤ and ⑥ from the sound source are 0.26 and 0.30m, respectively, the times of the simulated sound sources reaching the sensor No. ⑤ and sensor No. ⑥ at the distances of 2074.07 m/s.3 from the positioning group 5 are 26.5737005s and 26.5737322s, respectively, the second simulated sound source is 46.3142415s and 46.3142665s, the third simulated sound source is 49.5716837s and 49.5717075s, the position of the 3 simulated sound sources is calculated according to the sound source position calculation formula, the first simulated sound source position d1 is 1 m.d 2 is 1m, the second sound source position d1 is 1m, the third sound source position d1 is 1 d1 from the simulated sound source position d1 is 1 d1 and 1 is 1 d1 from the simulated sound source position.
All known data for the 7 location sets include the relative position and distance of the sensor 1. The signal propagation speed and the like are input into the acoustic emission acquisition system. And drawing a corresponding linear positioning chart. The location map can be used to accurately calculate the position of each sound source and display the position in the location map. FIG. 6a is a diagram illustrating the positioning result of the simulated sound source according to the position of each component of the Christmas tree in the first embodiment. The calculated simulated sound source position and the real sound source position are both located on the same component position. FIG. 6b is a diagram showing the positioning result of the simulated sound source according to the position of each component of the Christmas tree in the second embodiment. The calculated simulated sound source position and the real sound source position are both located on the same component position. FIG. 6c is a diagram showing the positioning result of the simulated sound source at the positions of the components of the Christmas tree in the third embodiment. The calculated simulated sound source position and the real sound source position are both located on the same component position.
It should be noted that the simulated sound source signals in the above embodiments may be replaced by sound sources in the actual scene. In order to illustrate the technical scheme and the technical effect of the invention, experiments are carried out in a mode of simulating sound source signals, and the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is proved to be capable of accurately identifying the position of the sound source on the Christmas tree.
Referring to fig. 2, as another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment provides a tree apparatus. The apparatus may be applied to the method of any of the embodiments described above. The device comprises:
and the first pipeline 10 is provided with a first section 11 and a second section 12, one end of the first section 11 is connected with the first connecting end of the four-way connector 3, and one end of the second section 12 is connected with the second connecting end of the four-way connector 3 to form the horizontally arranged first pipeline 10.
And the second pipeline 30 is provided with a third section 31 and a fourth section 32, one end of the third section 31 is connected with the third connecting end of the four-way connector 3, and the fourth section 32 is connected with the fourth connecting end of the four-way connector 3 to form the second pipeline 30 which is vertically arranged.
And a third pipeline 20 having a fifth section 21 and a sixth section 22, wherein one end of the fifth section 21 is connected with the first connection end of the four-way casing head 4, and the sixth section 22 is connected with the second connection end of the four-way casing head 4 to form the horizontally arranged third pipeline 20. The third connection end of the four-way casing head 4 is connected with the other end of the third section 31 of the second pipeline 30. So that the first pipe 10, the second pipe 30 and the third pipe 20 form a tree structure.
And a plurality of sensors 1, wherein each sensor 1 is arranged at least at one end of the first section 11, the second section 12, the third section 31 and the fourth section 32 far away from the four-way interface 3. Sensor 1 is disposed at the end of fifth section 21 and sixth section 22 distal from four-way casing head 4. The sensor 1 is also arranged on the four-way interface 3 and the four-way casing head 4.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
the first section 11, the second section 12, the third section 31 and the fourth section 32 are respectively provided with a first pipe section 2, a first connecting piece 5, a first gate valve 6, a second connecting piece 5 and a second pipe section 2 which are connected in sequence. One end of each second pipe section 2 is communicated with the four-way connector 3.
The fifth section 21 and the sixth section 22 have a third pipe section 2, a third connection piece 5, a third gate valve 6, a fourth connection piece 5 and a fourth pipe section 2 connected in sequence. One end of each fourth pipe section 2 is connected with a four-way casing head 4.
Wherein, one end of the first pipe section 2 of the third section 31 is connected with the four-way casing head 4.
The first pipe section 2, the second pipe section 2, the third pipe section 2 and the fourth pipe section 2 have the same structure, and therefore, the same reference numerals are used. "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used to distinguish locations specifically in the tree structure for a more intuitive understanding. The numbering rules of the first connecting member 5, the second connecting member 5, the third connecting member 5 and the fourth connecting member 5, and the numbering rules of the first gate valve 6 and the third gate valve 6 are the same as above.
In one embodiment, the first connector 5, the second connector 5, the third connector 5 and the fourth connector 5 are all in a clip structure.
In one embodiment, the third connection end of four-way casing head 4 is connected to the other end of third section 31 of second tubing 30 via flange 7.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the method of the embodiment of the invention obtains the acoustic signal attenuation rule in the onshore Christmas tree by testing each pipeline of the Christmas tree, and arranges the acoustic emission sensor array on the whole Christmas tree according to the attenuation rule and forms a corresponding positioning group. The method has the advantages that the accurate positioning of the sound source position is realized by applying the time difference positioning method through the signal propagation rate in each positioning group and the sensor interval included in each positioning group, the positioning precision is high, the method is suitable for positioning and real-time and integral monitoring of the sound emission source of the onshore Christmas tree in a service state, the detection and positioning efficiency is greatly improved, the detection cost is reduced, and the defect detection rate is high.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and these should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for locating an emission source of a Christmas tree comprises the following steps:
determining an effective signal transmission distance according to a signal propagation attenuation rule in each pipeline of the Christmas tree;
determining the number of the components of the Christmas tree which need to be spaced between two adjacent sensors when the sensors are configured on each pipeline according to the effective signal transmission distance;
configuring the sensors in each pipeline of the Christmas tree and recording the position information of the sensors by combining the component data of the Christmas tree;
when any position of the Christmas tree is propagated by a sound source, determining the approximate position of the sound source through two adjacent sensors which receive signals firstly;
and calculating the accurate position of the sound source by combining the position information of the sensors according to the signal propagation rate between two adjacent sensors which receive signals firstly.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the approximate location of the acoustic source by two adjacent sensors that receive a signal first when the acoustic source is propagated at any location of the tree comprises:
the two sensors which receive signals firstly respectively acquire signal receiving time;
acquiring the position information of the two sensors which receive signals firstly in the Christmas tree, wherein the position information comprises the distance between the two sensors and the positions of the two sensors in the Christmas tree;
determining an approximate location of the sound source based on the location information.
3. The method of claim 1, comprising:
arranging an analog sound source between every two adjacent sensors;
collecting the time of the signal of the simulated sound source propagating to the two sensors;
collecting the distances from the simulated sound source to the two sensors;
and calculating the signal propagation rate between every two adjacent sensors according to the time of the signal of the simulated sound source propagating to the two sensors and the distance between the simulated sound source and the two sensors.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the signal propagation rate is calculated by the formula:
v＝(d1-d2)/(t1-t2)；
where v represents the signal propagation rate, d1 represents the distance of the analog sound source from one of the sensors, d2 represents the distance of the analog sound source from the other of the sensors, t1 represents the time at which the signal of the analog sound source propagates to one of the sensors, and t2 represents the time at which the signal of the analog sound source propagates to the other of the sensors.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the exact location of the sound source is calculated by the formula:
where v represents the signal propagation rate, d3 represents the distance from the sound source to one of the sensors, d4 represents the distance from the sound source to the other of the sensors, d0 represents the distance between two adjacent sensors, t3 represents the time at which the signal from the sound source propagates to one of the sensors, and t4 represents the time at which the signal from the sound source propagates to the other of the sensors.
6. A Christmas tree device applied to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
the first pipeline is provided with a first section and a second section, one end of the first section is connected with a first connecting end of the four-way interface, and one end of the second section is connected with a second connecting end of the four-way interface so as to form the first pipeline which is horizontally arranged;
the second pipeline is provided with a third section and a fourth section, one end of the third section is connected with the third connecting end of the four-way connector, and the fourth section is connected with the fourth connecting end of the four-way connector to form the second pipeline which is vertically arranged;
the third pipeline is provided with a fifth section and a sixth section, one end of the fifth section is connected with the first connecting end of the four-way casing head, and the sixth section is connected with the second connecting end of the four-way casing head to form a horizontally arranged third pipeline; the third connecting end of the four-way casing head is connected with the other end of the third section of the second pipeline; so that the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline form a tree structure;
the sensors are at least arranged at one ends of the first section, the second section, the third section and the fourth section, which are far away from the four-way interface; the sensors are arranged at one ends of the fifth section and the sixth section, which are far away from the four-way casing head; the sensor is also arranged on the four-way interface and the four-way casing joint.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, comprising:
the first section, the second section, the third section and the fourth section are provided with a first pipe section, a first connecting piece, a first gate valve, a second connecting piece and a second pipe section which are sequentially connected; one end of each second pipe section is communicated with the four-way connector;
the fifth section and the sixth section are sequentially connected with a third pipe section, a third connecting piece, a third gate valve, a fourth connecting piece and a fourth pipe section; one end of each fourth pipe section is connected with the four-way casing head;
and one end of the first pipe section of the third section is connected with the four-way casing head.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first connector, the second connector, the third connector, and the fourth connector are each in the form of a clip.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein a third connection end of said four-way casing head is connected to the other end of said third section of said second pipeline by a flange.
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