CN1109190A - A method of producing a personal information-bearing card - Google Patents

A method of producing a personal information-bearing card Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1109190A
CN1109190A CN94115420A CN94115420A CN1109190A CN 1109190 A CN1109190 A CN 1109190A CN 94115420 A CN94115420 A CN 94115420A CN 94115420 A CN94115420 A CN 94115420A CN 1109190 A CN1109190 A CN 1109190A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
image
substrate
card
film carrier
plain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN94115420A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
斯坦利·格拉德斯通·布维尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chairman Of Image Database Technologies Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Chairman Of Image Database Technologies Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chairman Of Image Database Technologies Pty Ltd filed Critical Chairman Of Image Database Technologies Pty Ltd
Publication of CN1109190A publication Critical patent/CN1109190A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/025Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
    • B41M5/0256Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet the transferable ink pattern being obtained by means of a computer driven printer, e.g. an ink jet or laser printer, or by electrographic means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/313Fingerprints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44CPRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1712Decalcomanias applied under heat and pressure, e.g. provided with a heat activable adhesive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/14Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base
    • G03G15/16Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer
    • G03G15/1625Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer on a base other than paper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40Manufacture
    • B42D25/48Controlling the manufacturing process
    • B42D25/485Controlling the manufacturing process by electronic processing means

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and the apparatus thereof used for producing personal information card. In the method, images are printed on a thermoplastic polyester film by laser printer, and the film is stuck to a substrate. The substrate is heated and pressurized under 135-170 DEG C; therefore the transfer printing of images is realized. The apparatus includes: a camera for capturing images which are transferred and printed on the card; a computer connecting the camera and receiving the images; a laser printer connecting the computer, receiving the images and printing the images on the thermoplastic polyester film; and a transfer printing device provided with a heating and pressurizing devices and transfer printing the images on the thermoplastic polyester film to a substrate.

Description

Produce the method for personal information-bearing card
This method relates to the method and apparatus of producing personal information-bearing card.
According to this method, a kind of method and apparatus of producing personal information-bearing card is provided, the method comprises: on the surface of laser printer with thermoplastic polyester's film carrier of the thick 70-150 μ of image printing to a m of mirror image type; This surface that is loaded with image is placed on the surface of polymkeric substance reception substrate, and makes these two surfaces do smooth contact; To their heating and pressurization, the image conversion on can film carrier when temperature is 135 ℃-170 ℃ touches on the face of closing to on-chip this when this kind film carrier and substrate are done smooth the contact.
Here said personal information-bearing card is meant I.D., driver driving card, bank card, credit card, or the like class card card.
Above-mentioned substrate can be that fusing point is 90 ℃-200 ℃ thermo-plastic polymer material, for example PVC (Polyvinylchloride) or similar polymkeric substance.
This image can be transferred on the prefabricated element card.Said method also can be provided with an encirclement formula frame around this plain card before heating and pressurization, so that the distortion of this kind card reduces to minimum.
It is 90-200 ℃ thermo-plastic polymer material that prefabricated this plain card can adopt molten point.Suitable a kind of thermo-plastic polymer material is PVC or polycarbonate.
This kind method also is included in the intact image of transfer printing back and removes film carrier from substrate, covers this substrate with a slice transparent material at least then.
Generally, the method be with the transparent material of a slice at least that is similar to substrate for example PVC cover this substrate.Such covering process can comprise that the material that a slice is transparent or colourless covers on two sides of substrate, makes substrate interlayer and sealing cover between two these class materials.In fact, these two transparent materials can for example be glued in heating furnace on this substrate.This method comprises this kind laminated piece is cut into the required size suitable with the size of individual information-bearing card.
Said method comprises with the camera image and in this image input computer, also comprises with computing machine and adds data selectively for this image, for example adds text.
The thermal stability of thermoplastic polyester's film carrier here can be than the height of substrate.The thickness of film carrier is preferably about 90-110 μ m.What the typical case adopted is the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) of a kind of untreated, anlistatig, transparent, thick about 100 μ m, can buy by trade name MALINE * 538 from ICI South Africa (controlling interest) company limited.
According to another ingredient of the present invention, provide a kind of and produced the equipment of personal information-bearing card according to said method, this equipment comprises: a camera is used for taking the image to this kind card to be transferred; Calculation element is configured to camera interface therewith and receives image from camera; Laser printer is configured to therewith the calculation element interface and can receives and comes the image of calculation element since then at least, and this laser printing function mirror image that this is visual is printed on the surface of thermoplastic polyester's film carrier of thick 70-150 μ m; Transfer device, it has a heating arrangement and a Pressure generator, this transfer device can be transferred to the mirror image on the film carrier on the substrate surface, the transfer printing work here is to carry out between 135-170 ℃, be that smooth the contact done with the visual receiving plane of substrate in the surface that is loaded with image of film carrier simultaneously, and, produce personal information-bearing card therefrom to this film carrier and substrate heating and pressurization.
The said equipment also comprises the laminated device for this kind card stack layer.
The aforementioned calculation device can comprise can make itself and this camera and laser printer interface suitably add hardware and/or software.
Can with the heating with the pressurization roll-type laminating machine or for example the hot-press arrangement of flatiron and so on heat with the pressurization.The applicant finds, the effective temperature of image conversion is 155 ℃ for about 145-170 ℃ of efficient temperature.When receiving when getting prefabricated element card form, can heat and pressurization with the baking oven of trade (brand) name for example for " GARDJET " type with substrate.
When receiving when getting prefabricated plain card type with slide glass, the said equipment can comprise that one surrounds the formula frame, and it is located around edge of this plain card during with pressurization effectively when heating.This surrounds formula frame can be closely around this plain card, prevented it in baking oven because of heating and pressurization towards side direction slip-stream or distortion.
This plain card can all contain many plain cards by batch supply in each batch.The applicant finds, sizes of these plain cards can be because of batch different, thereby this method can comprise and make such encirclement formula frame, makes it the size that element contained in the specific batch of material blocks is compensated.
Scope extension of the present invention is to any personal information-bearing card of producing according to said method.
The present invention also is related to the encirclement formula frame that is used for said method.
With way of example contrast accompanying drawing the present invention is described below, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the clear method and apparatus of producing personal information-bearing card according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 has schematically shown according to the present invention, utilizes prefabricated plain card to produce the method and apparatus of personal information-bearing card; And
Fig. 3 then is tightly around the three-dimensional part exploded view of the encirclement formula frame of a plain fastening position.
Produce the accompanying drawing of the method for personal information-bearing card referring to expression according to the present invention, this personal information-bearing card unification of wherein getting the I.D. form is indicated with reference number numbers 10.
The image 12 that is used for the typical people of identity is a calculation element of promptly sending into computing machine 14 forms after camera 16 picked-ups.This computing machine 14 has suitable hardware and software to come to receive image 12 with camera 16 interfaces with camera from then on.Keyboard 19 by computing machine can add the data of text (not showing bright) form for selectively image.A laser printer 18 and computing machine 14 interfaces are arranged, so this image promptly flows to laser printer 18 from computing machine 14, this computing machine includes in this technology known, for example visual routine package, specific program or the like software, and with camera 16 hardware with laser printer 18 both interfaces.
The preferably the sort of modernized laser printer that can print with 600 points/inch resolution of above-mentioned laser printer 18, for example Hewlett-Packard HP4 laser printer.In some cases, include a kind of imaging at laser printer 18 or in computing machine 14 and strengthen the resolution that plug-in unit improves printed image, for example make it to bring up to 2000 point/inches.Typical this plug-in unit for example is the sort of LASER PIZ 7MPlug-in unit.
Image through selectively being added with text or other data 12 above prints on the surface 20 of thermoplastic polyester's film carrier 22 of thick 90-110 μ m with mirror version then.
Above-mentioned thermoplastic polyester's film carrier 22 generally is untreated, anlistatig clear PET film, the typical about 100 μ m of thickness, for example MALINEX538 of ICI South Africa (controlling interest) company limited sale.This film carrier 22 need not change this printing machine 18 when installing in the laser printer 18, and this image 12 promptly prints on the film carrier 22 then.Like this, just formed image 12 by toner used in the laser printer.
In case after being printed with image 12 on the film carrier 22, this film carrier 22 promptly is placed to be got the polymkeric substance that receives film 24 forms and receive on the substrate, and make carrying of film carrier 22 resemble entirely the fits plane surface of reception film 24 of face 20.This reception film 24 is the PVC film normally.
When film carrier 22 had been placed on the reception film 24 already, make these two kinds of films by a heating and pressurization roll-type laminating machine 26.Heat and pressure that this laminating machine 26 is applied are predetermined according to the material of mould 22 and 24, receive on the film 24 so that image can be transferred to from film carrier 22.Transfer printing work is to carry out between about 135 ℃ to about 170 ℃, and preferably carries out under about 155 ℃.In case image 12 carried out transfer printing, the image 12 that then receives on the film 24 is a natural image rather than mirror image.
Receive film 24 and film carrier 22 by heating and pressurization roll-type laminating machine 26 (referring to Fig. 1) and image transfer printing already intact after, just remove film carrier 22.
To receive known hot melting process in film 24 usefulness reference numbers number 30 these technology of illustrating then, sealing cover is expected between the similar PVC transparent material that mates at two-layer and reception film PVC.With some bickers 28 or similar machine this laminated piece is die-cut into required size again.
In embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 2 and 3, it is the form of getting prefabricated plain card 25 that described polymkeric substance receives substrate.In case after image being printed on the film carrier 22, being about to this film carrier 22 and being placed on the plain card 25, make the face that resembles 20 that carries of film carrier 22 do smooth applying simultaneously with the plane surface of plain card 25.This prefabricated element card 25 is a kind of element card of dexterity normally, the plain card of WIE-GAND (trade (brand) name), transponder card or similar card.
In the time of on film carrier 22 had been placed to plain card 25 already, just they are put among the baking oven 26 that for example can buy by trade (brand) name " CARD JET " together.This film carrier 22 and plain card 25 are placed between two heating and increased pressure board of baking oven 25 with the parallel relation of closing of touching face-to-face, again this two boards is closed to together, between temperature is from about 135 ℃ to about 170 ℃, normally carry out visual transfer printings down at about 155 ℃.
As shown in Figure 2, before method of the present invention is included in plain card 25 heating and pressurizes, make one to surround the periphery location of formula frame 28 around element card 25.The configurational energy of this frame 28 is tightly around the periphery 25.1 of element card 25, make when this plain card 25 standing heating and pressurized treatments make visual from the film carrier 22 transfer printing following time, plain card 25 is enclosed in this and surrounds among formula frame 28, has just suppressed plain card 25 thus because heating is out of shape or is distorted with pressurizeing.
The applicant finds that the prefabricated element card of this class can be by batch supply, and the element card in each batch is then similar.But the size in plain step can be different because of criticizing.Like this, each frame 28 will manufacture dimensionally and can stick into the row compensation to specific element in a collection of.
Should know that above-mentioned encirclement formula frame 28 can utilize traditional technology, for example adopt etch out method, adopt cutter or similar device to make, simultaneously can with any suitable material for example aluminium sheet prepare.
As previously mentioned, the present invention is not limited to produce I.D..Should know simultaneously, here visual unnecessary be appearance and can extension to for example fingerprint.Also will be appreciated that, with image, other all features, identification card number for example, or driver driving card number or other class likelihood data, for example can utilize in the computer keyboard input computing machine, computing machine adds place, visual place to thus again, and is transferred in the lump on the said film carrier with this image.In addition, for example in lamination process, magnetic stripe, counter mark, bar code etc. can be added among this kind card.Can produce various personal information-bearing cards in this way, for example driver driving is demonstrate,proved or credit card, or similar articles.

Claims (10)

1. method of producing personal information-bearing card, be characterised in that: the method comprises the image of printing mirror version with laser printer on the surface of a kind of thermoplastic polyester's film carrier of thick 70-150 μ m; This is fitted in a polymkeric substance with being loaded with visual surfacing receives on the surface of substrate; In above-mentioned smooth applying, to this film carrier and substrate heating and pressurization, visual film carrier from then on is transferred on the binding face of substrate, the image conversion work here is to carry out between 135 ℃-170 ℃.
2. method according to claim 1, be characterised in that: what above-mentioned substrate was used is that fusing point is a kind of thermoplastic material of 90 ℃-200 ℃.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterised in that: above-mentioned image is to be transferred on the surface of substrate of prefabricated plain card form.
4. as method as described in the claim 3, be characterised in that: the method is included in before heating and the pressurization and surrounds the formula frame around this plain fastening position with one, so that distortion of this plain card reduces to minimum.
5. as each described method in the claim 1 to 4, be characterised in that: the method is included in image conversion and removes film carrier from substrate after intact, covers this substrate with a slice transparent material at least then.
6. the described method of each claim as described above, be characterised in that: the method comprises uses the camera image, then with in this image input computer.
7. as method as described in the claim 6, be characterised in that: the method comprises with computing machine adds data selectively to this image.
8. produce a kind of equipment of personal information-bearing card according to each described method in the claim 1 to 7, be characterised in that this equipment comprises: a camera is used for taking the image to this kind card to be transferred; Calculation element is configured to camera interface therewith and receives image from camera; A laser printer is configured to therewith the calculation element interface and can receives and comes the image of calculation element since then at least, and can the mirror image that this is visual be printed on the surface of thermoplastic polyester's film carrier of thick 70-150 μ m; Transfer device, it has a heating arrangement and a Pressure generator, and the lip-deep mirror image of film carrier can be transferred on the surface of a substrate, the transfer printing work here is to carry out between 135 ℃-170 ℃, be that smooth the contact done with the visual receiving plane of substrate in the surface that is loaded with image of this film carrier simultaneously, and, produce personal information-bearing card therefrom to this film carrier and upward pressurization of substrate heating.
9. equipment as claimed in claim 8 is characterised in that: this equipment comprises the laminater that is used for to described card covering superimposed layer.
10. equipment as claimed in claim 8 or 9, be characterised in that: described substrate is the form of getting prefabricated plain card, and this equipment comprises a kind of encirclement formula frame, it is operationally located around edge of this plain card in heating and pressure process.
CN94115420A 1993-08-16 1994-08-16 A method of producing a personal information-bearing card Pending CN1109190A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA5973/93 1993-08-16
ZA935973 1993-08-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1109190A true CN1109190A (en) 1995-09-27

Family

ID=25583135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN94115420A Pending CN1109190A (en) 1993-08-16 1994-08-16 A method of producing a personal information-bearing card

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1109190A (en)
GB (1) GB2281535A (en)
ZA (1) ZA946178B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101486281A (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-22 雷莫公司 Method of drumhead imaging

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL111428A (en) 1994-10-27 1997-07-13 Supercom Ltd Laminated plastic cards and process and apparatus for making them
US5667747A (en) * 1995-03-22 1997-09-16 Harding Product Supply Ltd. Vacuum formed three-dimensional surface article
IL117484A (en) * 1995-04-13 1999-11-30 Supercom Ltd Identification cards and method for their production
IL113358A (en) * 1995-04-13 1998-03-10 Supercom Ltd Method and apparatus for printing on passports and the like
US6108022A (en) * 1995-04-13 2000-08-22 Supercom Ltd. Method for producing identification documents and documents produced by it
US5715511A (en) * 1995-06-29 1998-02-03 Eastman Kodak Company Lamination jacket and method for for fusing a transferable image to a digital disc
GB9609443D0 (en) * 1996-05-04 1996-07-10 Brittains Tr Limited Transfers
WO1997042042A1 (en) * 1996-05-08 1997-11-13 Hallmark Cards, Incorporated Programmable system for dimensionally expanding and printing a picture image
US5904962A (en) * 1996-07-12 1999-05-18 Hallmark Cards, Incorporated Raised mounting system for artistic work
ES2134144B1 (en) * 1997-06-25 2000-04-16 Mailgrafica Direct S L IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE CARD MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES.
PT1044826E (en) 1999-03-16 2006-10-31 Maurer Electronics Gmbh PROCESS TO INSCRIBE IMAGE INFORMATION
GB2351260B (en) * 1999-06-25 2003-07-30 Ait Advanced Information Techn Transfer printing process for the preparation of security documents
US6221545B1 (en) 1999-09-09 2001-04-24 Imation Corp. Adhesives for preparing a multilayer laminate featuring an ink-bearing surface bonded to a second surface
JP2002002052A (en) 2000-06-26 2002-01-08 Sony Corp Card producing device, card producing method and recording medium
FR3022182B1 (en) 2014-06-13 2018-01-19 Fasver METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A MULTILAYER DATA MEDIUM WITH SECURITY INSCRIPTIONS

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4467335A (en) * 1982-05-07 1984-08-21 Data Card Corporation System for forming an image on the surface of a plastic card
US5021318A (en) * 1989-07-28 1991-06-04 Xerox Corporation Process for forming secure images
GB9227187D0 (en) * 1992-12-18 1993-02-24 Mabbott Robert J Printing process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101486281A (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-22 雷莫公司 Method of drumhead imaging

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA946178B (en) 1995-03-20
GB2281535A (en) 1995-03-08
GB9416541D0 (en) 1994-10-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1109190A (en) A method of producing a personal information-bearing card
EP1046515B1 (en) Method of manufacturing a plastic card with a lenticular lens therein and card made by the method
CA1231299A (en) Laminating film of thermoset polyester resin with external layer of embossable thermoplastic resin
CA1209025A (en) Lamination method employing temporary transfer film
US7866559B2 (en) ID document structure with pattern coating providing variable security features
US7287704B2 (en) Laser markable secure documents
EP1675718B1 (en) Document laminate formed from different polyester materials
US20050189066A1 (en) Laminated cards and methods of manufacture for secure applications
US8377847B2 (en) Image destruct feature used with image receiving layers in secure documents
US7762590B2 (en) Individualized security document
US7939465B2 (en) Image destruct feature used with image receiving layers in secure documents
EP0496988A1 (en) Multi-sheet laminated identification card with tamper resistant, ultrasonic, weldments
GB2419110A (en) An authentication article encapsulated in a curable coating on a substrate
JP2001520952A (en) Inkjet printer for identification card with laminating location
CN201442366U (en) Protective micro-patch, micro-patch used products and identification documents
EP0086282B2 (en) Card, formed by laminating a plurality of plastic films, carrying a print within the laminate, and method for forming said card
US20210283941A1 (en) Polymer Laminate Comprising at Least One Diffraction Element and Method for Producing it
EP0553508B1 (en) Fraud-proof identification document, as well as method of making the same
US11182570B1 (en) Tamper evident identification card and method of fabricating same
JPH07266589A (en) Indirect transfer
JP2000190636A (en) Indirectly transferring apparatus
JP2000127662A (en) Rewritable card
JPH08267872A (en) Transfer printing apparatus
CA2177515A1 (en) Scratch resistant non-oriented polyester security card

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C01 Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication