CN110887745A - Method for measuring tangential and normal displacements of large rock mass structural plane in shear test in real time based on projection type capacitive screen - Google Patents
Method for measuring tangential and normal displacements of large rock mass structural plane in shear test in real time based on projection type capacitive screen Download PDFInfo
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- CN110887745A CN110887745A CN201911124528.9A CN201911124528A CN110887745A CN 110887745 A CN110887745 A CN 110887745A CN 201911124528 A CN201911124528 A CN 201911124528A CN 110887745 A CN110887745 A CN 110887745A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/066—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with electrical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
- G01N2203/0212—Theories, calculations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0617—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
A large rock mass structural plane shear test displacement real-time measurement method based on a projection type capacitive screen is characterized in that geometric information of a large rock mass structural plane sample is subjected to three-dimensional modeling in a shear test process, an infrared level meter is used for selecting a reference origin of a shear test, and a plurality of horizontal transverse lines and a plurality of plumb vertical lines are used as reference lines; installing a touch pen on the upper disc, installing a projection type capacitive screen in the plumb surfaces on the left side and the right side of the upper disc respectively, and displaying a reference line on the capacitive screen; obtaining displacement capacitance signals through a microcircuit, converting the displacement capacitance signals into displacement digital signals, and generating stylus track optical signals; summarizing signals, converting the signals into electric signals of a touch pen track, and processing digital signals to obtain tangential and normal displacement of a shear test and deformation information of an upper disc; and carrying out real-time intelligent processing on the three-dimensional model of the sample, the information of the reference origin and the reference line, the tangential and normal displacement and the deformation information of the upper disc, and transmitting the processed information to a display screen for real-time display. The invention improves the accuracy and the scientificity of the test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring tangential and normal displacements of a large rock mass structural plane in a shear test in real time based on a projection-type capacitive screen, and belongs to the technical field of indoor physical mechanical tests.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of economy in China, some large-scale construction projects related to nationwide nationalities, such as large-scale hydropower engineering in the middle and western regions, highways and highways, deep resource exploitation, strategic oil reserve, nuclear power engineering and the like, are implemented successively, the problems of stability and catastrophe of rock masses in engineering areas are quite prominent, and particularly landslide geological disasters of side slopes of large-scale open mines, water conservancy and the like can seriously affect production, and can seriously cause casualties and major loss of equipment and mineral resources. A large number of literature researches show that the root cause of large-scale side slope geological disasters is that the internal structural surface slides under the action of a certain load, so that the whole overlying rock body is unstable. In order to solve the problem, scholars at home and abroad make a great deal of relevant research to obtain a great academic result, but most of documents aim at a small rock structural plane (the length of the structural plane is not more than 1m at most), the size of the structural plane is greatly different from that of an engineering site, the obtained shear strength data of the structural plane has a certain difference from an actual value, and a shear test of the large rock structural plane (the length of the structural plane is more than 2m) is required. At present, the implementation of the large-size rock mass structural plane shear test has some technical problems: (1) the shear test design and operation of the large rock mass structural plane are complex, the measurement means is backward, and the real tangential and normal displacement is difficult to measure; (2) for the rough structural surface of a large rock mass, the deflection error is easy to generate in the shearing test process, and the tangential and normal displacement errors are increased; (3) a shear test of a large rock mass structural plane belongs to a large test, the pressure of an oil cylinder is large, the weight of a sample is large, potential safety hazards exist, and a tester needs to master the shear test process in time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the method for measuring the tangential displacement and the normal displacement of the large rock mass structural plane shear test based on the projection type capacitive screen in real time, so that the defects that the deflection error of a sample is large and the test process cannot be mastered in real time due to the facts that the hanging wall displacement and deformation identification in the shear test process are not clear, the hanging wall tangential displacement and the normal displacement identification are not clear, and a rough structural plane are caused can be avoided, the displacement measurement error of the shear test is reduced, the accuracy and the scientificity of the test result are improved, and a scientific basis is provided for the design of the large rock mass structural plane shear.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for measuring tangential and normal displacements of a large rock mass structural plane in a shear test in real time based on a projection-type capacitive screen comprises the following steps:
(1) transmitting geometric information of a large rock mass structural plane sample to an intelligent computer, wherein the geometric information comprises the length, width and height of the sample and the structural plane surface morphology, and the geometric information is used for three-dimensional modeling in the shearing test process;
(2) selecting a reference origin point of a shear test by using an infrared level meter, providing a plurality of horizontal transverse lines and plumb vertical lines as reference lines, and inputting information of the reference origin point and the reference lines into an intelligent computer;
(3) installing a touch pen on the upper disc by using a strong glue according to the reference original point and the reference line provided in the step (2), respectively installing a projection type capacitive screen in the plumb surfaces at the left side and the right side of the upper disc, and displaying the reference line on the capacitive screen; adjusting the position of a pen point of the touch pen to enable the pen point to be positioned on the reference line and perpendicular to the capacitive screen;
(4) in the shearing test process, the displacement and the deformation of the upper disk can cause the displacement of the touch pen, the capacitance of the contact part of the capacitive screen and the touch pen point is changed at the moment, and a displacement capacitance signal is obtained through the micro circuit;
(5) converting the displacement capacitance signal into a displacement digital signal through an A/D converter, transmitting the displacement digital signal into a micro processor, obtaining position information of a stylus point through mathematical calculation, and generating a stylus track optical signal;
(6) transmitting the track optical signals of the touch pen to a signal summarizing and processing station through an optical fiber channel, summarizing the signals and converting the signals into touch pen track electric signals;
(7) the touch pen track electric signals are transmitted to an intelligent computer through a cable, intelligent processing is carried out on the touch pen track electric signals to be converted into digital signals, and then MATLAB software is used for carrying out filtering, denoising and wavelet transformation processing on the digital signals to obtain tangential and normal displacement of a shear test and deformation information of an upper disc;
(8) and (3) carrying out real-time intelligent processing on the three-dimensional model of the sample in the step (1), the information of the reference origin and the reference line in the step (2) and the information of the tangential displacement, the normal displacement and the deformation of the upper disc in the step (7) by using an intelligent computer, and transmitting the processed information to a display screen for real-time display.
Furthermore, in the step (3), the projection type capacitive screen can realize multi-point touch screen, and a plurality of touch pens are gathered on the same capacitive screen, so that the measurement error can be reduced, and especially, the sample deflection error caused by a rough structural surface can be reduced.
In the step (3), 4 touch pens are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper disc by using super glue, and the number of the touch pens is 8. The arrangement of a plurality of touch pens on the surface of the sample is favorable for accurately identifying and distinguishing the displacement and deformation of the upper disc.
In the step (2), the infrared gradienter is used for arranging a plurality of reference lines, so that the tangential displacement and the normal displacement can be accurately identified and distinguished.
According to the invention, the infrared level meter, the projection type capacitive screen and the touch pen are combined, so that intelligent processing of displacement and deformation signals can be realized, the operation is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high, and the touch pen can be repeatedly used for many times; the intelligent computer and the display screen can be used for realizing real-time intelligent processing and display of signals, so that the observed values can be favorably mastered in time during the shearing test, and information feedback can be realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the defects that the deflection error of a sample is large and the test process cannot be mastered in real time due to unclear upper disc displacement and deformation recognition, unclear upper disc tangential and normal displacement recognition and rough structural surface in the shearing test process can be avoided, the displacement measurement error of the shearing test is reduced, the accuracy and the scientificity of the test result are improved, and a scientific basis is provided for the design of the shearing test of the structural surface of the large rock mass; meanwhile, the intelligent treatment can be realized by combining various instruments, the operation is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high, the repeated use can be realized, the test cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a real-time measuring method for tangential and normal displacements of a large rock mass structural plane shear test based on a projection type capacitive screen;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the projected capacitive screen of the present invention for measuring displacement, wherein 1 is the projected capacitive screen;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the stylus holding position on the left and right of the test sample of the present invention, wherein 2 is the stylus holding position, 3 is the upper plate, and 4 is the lower plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
Referring to fig. 1 to 1, a method for measuring tangential and normal displacements of a large rock mass structural plane in a shear test in real time based on a projection type capacitive screen comprises the following steps:
(1) transmitting geometric information of a large rock mass structural plane sample to an intelligent computer, wherein the geometric information comprises the length, width and height of the sample and the structural plane surface morphology, and the geometric information is used for three-dimensional modeling in the shearing test process;
(2) selecting a reference origin point of a shear test by using an infrared level meter, providing a plurality of horizontal transverse lines and plumb vertical lines as reference lines, and inputting information of the reference origin point and the reference lines into an intelligent computer;
(3) respectively installing 4 touch pens on the left side and the right side of the upper disc by using super glue according to the reference origin and the reference line provided in the step (2), wherein the number of the touch pens is 8, and the touch pens are shown in the attached drawing 3; a projection type capacitive screen is respectively arranged in the plumb surfaces on the left side and the right side of the upper disc, and a reference line is displayed on the capacitive screen; adjusting the position of a pen point of the touch pen to enable the pen point to be positioned on the reference line and perpendicular to the capacitive screen;
(4) in the shearing test process, the displacement and the deformation of the upper disk can cause the displacement of the touch pen, the capacitance of the contact part of the capacitive screen and the touch pen point is changed at the moment, and a displacement capacitance signal is obtained through the micro circuit;
(5) converting the displacement capacitance signal into a displacement digital signal through an A/D converter (analog-to-digital converter), transmitting the displacement digital signal into a micro processor, and obtaining position information of a stylus point through mathematical calculation to generate a stylus track optical signal;
(6) transmitting the track optical signals of 8 touch pens to a signal summarizing and processing station through an optical fiber channel, summarizing the signals, and converting the signals into touch pen track electric signals;
(7) the electric signals of the touch pen track are transmitted to an intelligent computer through a cable, intelligent processing is carried out on the electric signals and converted into digital signals, and then software such as MATLAB and the like is utilized to carry out filtering, denoising and wavelet transformation processing on the digital signals, so that information such as tangential and normal displacement of a shear test, deformation of an upper disc and the like is obtained;
(8) and (3) carrying out real-time intelligent processing on the three-dimensional model of the sample in the step (1), the information of the reference origin and the reference line in the step (2) and the information of tangential and normal displacement, upper disk deformation and the like in the step (7) by using an intelligent computer, and transmitting the information to a display screen for real-time display.
Furthermore, in the step (3), the projection type capacitive screen can realize multi-point touch screen, and a plurality of touch pens are gathered on the same capacitive screen, so that the measurement error can be reduced, and especially, the sample deflection error caused by a rough structural surface can be reduced.
In the step (3), 4 touch pens are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper disc by using super glue, and the number of the touch pens is 8. The arrangement of a plurality of touch pens on the surface of the sample is favorable for accurately identifying and distinguishing the displacement and deformation of the upper disc.
In the step (2), the infrared gradienter is used for arranging a plurality of reference lines, so that the tangential displacement and the normal displacement can be accurately identified and distinguished.
According to the invention, the infrared level meter, the projection type capacitive screen and the touch pen are combined, so that intelligent processing of displacement and deformation signals can be realized, the operation is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high, and the touch pen can be repeatedly used for many times; the intelligent computer and the display screen can be used for realizing real-time intelligent processing and display of signals, so that the observed values can be favorably mastered in time during the shearing test, and information feedback can be realized.
The method of the embodiment can avoid the defects that the deflection error of the sample is large and the test process cannot be mastered in real time due to unclear upper disc displacement and deformation recognition, unclear upper disc tangential and normal displacement recognition and a rough structural surface in the shearing test process, reduces the displacement measurement error of the shearing test, improves the accuracy and the scientificity of the test result, and provides scientific basis for the design of the shearing test of the structural surface of the large rock mass; meanwhile, the intelligent treatment can be realized by combining various instruments, the operation is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high, the repeated use can be realized, the test cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
Claims (4)
1. A method for measuring tangential and normal displacements of a large rock mass structural plane in a shear test in real time based on a projection-type capacitive screen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) transmitting geometric information of a large rock mass structural plane sample to an intelligent computer, wherein the geometric information comprises the length, width and height of the sample and the structural plane surface morphology, and the geometric information is used for three-dimensional modeling in the shearing test process;
(2) selecting a reference origin point of a shear test by using an infrared level meter, providing a plurality of horizontal transverse lines and plumb vertical lines as reference lines, and inputting information of the reference origin point and the reference lines into an intelligent computer;
(3) installing a touch pen on the upper disc by using a strong glue according to the reference original point and the reference line provided in the step (2), respectively installing a projection type capacitive screen in the plumb surfaces at the left side and the right side of the upper disc, and displaying the reference line on the capacitive screen; adjusting the position of a pen point of the touch pen to enable the pen point to be positioned on the reference line and perpendicular to the capacitive screen;
(4) in the shearing test process, the displacement and the deformation of the upper disk can cause the displacement of the touch pen, the capacitance of the contact part of the capacitive screen and the touch pen point is changed at the moment, and a displacement capacitance signal is obtained through the micro circuit;
(5) converting the displacement capacitance signal into a displacement digital signal through an A/D converter, transmitting the displacement digital signal into a micro processor, obtaining position information of a stylus point through mathematical calculation, and generating a stylus track optical signal;
(6) transmitting the track optical signals of the touch pen to a signal summarizing and processing station through an optical fiber channel, summarizing the signals and converting the signals into touch pen track electric signals;
(7) the touch pen track electric signals are transmitted to an intelligent computer through a cable, intelligent processing is carried out on the touch pen track electric signals to be converted into digital signals, and then MATLAB software is used for carrying out filtering, denoising and wavelet transformation processing on the digital signals to obtain tangential and normal displacement of a shear test and deformation information of an upper disc;
(8) and (3) carrying out real-time intelligent processing on the three-dimensional model of the sample in the step (1), the information of the reference origin and the reference line in the step (2) and the information of the tangential displacement, the normal displacement and the deformation of the upper disc in the step (7) by using an intelligent computer, and transmitting the processed information to a display screen for real-time display.
2. The method for measuring the tangential and normal displacements of the shear test of the large rock mass structural plane based on the projected capacitive screen in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the projected capacitive screen can realize a multi-point touch screen, and a plurality of touch pens are gathered on the same capacitive screen.
3. The method for real-time measurement of the tangential and normal displacements of the shear test of the large rock mass structural plane based on the projective capacitive screen as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (3), 4 touch pens are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the upper plate by using super glue, and 8 touch pens are installed on the left side and the right side of the upper plate.
4. The method for measuring the tangential and normal displacements of the shear test of the large rock mass structural plane based on the projective capacitive screen in real time as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (2), a plurality of reference lines are arranged by using an infrared level gauge, so that the tangential and normal displacements can be accurately identified and distinguished.
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Application publication date: 20200317 |