CN110881201B - Cell pre-switching method of software defined network - Google Patents
Cell pre-switching method of software defined network Download PDFInfo
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- CN110881201B CN110881201B CN201911150822.7A CN201911150822A CN110881201B CN 110881201 B CN110881201 B CN 110881201B CN 201911150822 A CN201911150822 A CN 201911150822A CN 110881201 B CN110881201 B CN 110881201B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
- H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
- H04W36/18—Performing reselection for specific purposes for allowing seamless reselection, e.g. soft reselection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/34—Reselection control
- H04W36/38—Reselection control by fixed network equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/248—Connectivity information update
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a cell pre-switching method of a software defined network, which comprises the following steps: sampling the position of the mobile terminal, and reporting the sampling data and the measurement report to an SDN controller; the SDN controller predicts the position of the mobile user at the next moment according to the sampling data, performs switching judgment and selects a proper target cell; in the switching execution stage, the SDN controller finds a target cell and issues a switching instruction to a source cell; the source cell switches the user mobile terminal equipment to the target cell to complete the data updating of the user equipment and the target cell; the user mobile terminal equipment sends a switching confirmation instruction to the target cell; and the target cell sends a request for updating the routing table to the SDN controller, and the SDN controller finishes updating the routing table. The cell switching method reduces signaling overhead required by cell switching, reduces switching time delay, and meets the requirement that the switching time delay is lower than 1ms under the 5G network environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a cell pre-switching method of a software defined network.
Background
In a mobile communication system, the location of the ue is in a state of changing constantly, and since the coverage of a single cell is always limited, a serving cell needs to be changed constantly for the ue in order not to affect the user experience. The application of Software Defined Network (SDN) in IP Network and transport Network is a hot spot in current research and development, and the application in mobile Network is still in the beginning stage. Most devices of the mobile network can realize the separation of a control plane and a user plane by means of the SDN, so that the centralized control and network connection scheduling are realized.
The demand of the fifth generation mobile communication network brings challenges to mobile network operators, and these challenges include increasing the development speed of the mobile network and its technologies, such as the increase of the number of mobile users, signaling messages and mobile traffic, and the application of different technologies and real-time video streams, etc., and in order to meet the huge data demand of users and improve the performance of the network, it is a problem that needs to be solved urgently at present to perform effective handover management.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a cell pre-handover method for a software defined network.
The invention discloses a cell pre-switching method of a software defined network, which comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling the position of the user mobile terminal equipment through a GPS to obtain sampling data, and uploading the sampling data and a cell measurement report to an SDN controller;
s2, the SDN controller predicts the position of the mobile user according to the sampling data, and predicts the position of the user at the next moment; carrying out switching judgment according to the reference signal receiving power of the pre-bearing point, the current connectable node ratio of the cell and the expected travelling distance of the user in the next cell, and finding out a target cell for switching;
s3, calculating the expected stay time of the user in the target cell, entering a switching execution stage when the expected stay time of the user in the target cell is larger than a TTT threshold value, and ignoring the cell for not switching when the expected stay time of the user in the target cell is smaller than the TTT threshold value;
s4, in the switching execution stage, the SDN controller issues a switching instruction to the source cell; the source cell responds to the switching instruction, and switches the user mobile terminal equipment to the target cell to complete the data matching and updating of the user mobile terminal equipment and the target cell;
and S5, after the user mobile terminal device is switched to the target cell, the target cell sends a routing table updating request to the SDN controller, and the SDN controller configures the routing between the user mobile terminal device and the target cell.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention combines software defined network and user position prediction, carries out centralized control on a user plane and a data plane through an SDN controller, adopts SDN to complete data processing, switching judgment and switching control, establishes an effective routing path according to the state information of a cell and reduces signaling overhead.
2. According to the user mobile terminal device position prediction scheme, the SDN controller is used for processing the collected data, the position of the user at the next moment is predicted, so that switching judgment is carried out in advance, the time required in the switching process is shortened, the switching time delay is reduced, the data can be connected seamlessly, and the requirement that the switching time delay is lower than 1ms in a 5G network environment can be met.
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The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a cell handover flowchart according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a data and signaling flow of cell handover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
When a user is in the process of traveling, in order to ensure seamless connection of mobile device services, cell handover needs to be performed to achieve good user experience. When a user travels, a GPS of a mobile device continuously sends data information to an SDN controller, and the SDN controller stores data such as position information of surrounding cells, cell coverage and related routing paths.
As shown in fig. 1, a cell pre-handover method of a software defined network of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, sampling the position of the user mobile terminal equipment through a GPS to obtain sampling data, and uploading the sampling data and a cell measurement report to an SDN controller;
s2, the SDN controller predicts the position of the mobile user according to the sampling data, and predicts the position of the user at the next moment; carrying out switching judgment according to the reference signal receiving power of the pre-bearing point, the current connectable node ratio of the cell and the expected travelling distance of the user in the next cell, and finding out a target cell for switching;
s3, calculating the expected stay time of the user in the target cell, entering a switching execution stage when the expected stay time of the user in the target cell is larger than a TTT threshold value, and ignoring the cell for not switching when the expected stay time of the user in the target cell is smaller than the TTT threshold value;
s4, in the switching execution stage, the SDN controller issues a switching instruction to the source cell; the source cell responds to the switching instruction, and switches the user mobile terminal equipment to the target cell to complete the data matching and updating of the user mobile terminal equipment and the target cell;
and S5, after the user mobile terminal device is switched to the target cell, the target cell sends a routing table updating request to the SDN controller, and the SDN controller configures the routing between the user mobile terminal device and the target cell.
The whole switching process is divided into four steps of switching measurement, switching decision, switching execution and switching confirmation, the specific information of cell switching such as data signaling transmission is shown in fig. 2, and the implementation steps are as follows:
a switching measurement stage: and sampling the information of the user mobile terminal equipment through a GPS to obtain sampling data, and sending the sampling data and the measurement report to the SDN controller. The sampled data includes location information of the user mobile terminal device, wherein the SDN controller stores a global view of the network, and further obtains load information, location information, communication range, routing path information of surrounding cells, and signal transmission power of the cells.
Further, the movement information is sampled by the GPS, the sampling time is T, the sampled data point is N, and the position of each sampling is Xn, wherein N belongs to (0,1, …, N).
A switching decision stage: the SDN controller predicts the position of a mobile user according to sampling data, predicts the position of the user at the next moment, performs switching judgment according to the reference signal receiving power of a pre-bearing point, the current connectable node ratio of a cell and the predicted travelling distance of the user in the next cell, finds a switched target cell, calculates the predicted stay time of the user in the target cell, and enters a switching execution stage when the predicted stay time of the user in the target cell is greater than a TTT threshold value; when less than TTT, the cell is ignored for handover.
The user samples the movement information through the GPS in the movement process, the sampling time is T, the sampled data point is N, and the sampling position is Xn (N belongs to (0,1, …, N)).
Firstly, according to sampling time T, sampled data point N and sampling position Xn every time, calculating speed value between every two sampling points to obtain N speed values V1,V2,…,VN。
Then, a speed matrix V ═ V is constructed according to the N speed values1,V2,…,VNAnd predicting the user by adopting a gray prediction model method based on the speed matrixVelocity value V at the next momentn+1。
Further, the gray prediction model method comprises: the prediction principle of the grey prediction GM (1,1) model is as follows: and generating a group of new data sequences with obvious trend for a certain data sequence in an accumulation mode, establishing a model according to the growth trend of the new data sequences for prediction, then performing reverse calculation by using an accumulation method, recovering the original data sequence, and further obtaining a prediction result.
The establishment of the gray prediction model comprises the following steps:
1. velocity sequence V(0)With n measurements, a velocity sequence V(0)＝{V(0)(1),V(0)(2).,..V(0)(n) accumulating the data to obtain a generated sequence V(1)＝{V(1)(1),V(1)(2).,..V(1)(n) }, wherein
2. The differential equation of the GM (1,1) model is then:
wherein a is a development gray number, u is an endogenesis control gray number parameter, a and the parameter u are obtained through least square fitting, and the calculation formula comprises the following steps:
in the formula:
3. the differential equation is solved for the first time,
the predicted speed values can be obtained:
calculating the velocity value V of the user at the next moment by using the gray prediction modeln+1。
Because the mobile user drives along a straight line in a short time, a large number of network base stations are arranged around the mobile user, and the terminal only considers the magnitude of the moving speed and does not consider the direction in the moving process, the mobile user can drive along the straight line according to the speed value V of the user at the next momentn+1And calculating the position of the user at the next moment, wherein the calculation formula of the position of the user at the next moment comprises:
Xn+1＝Xn+Vn+1*T
wherein, Xn+1Indicating the position of the user at the next moment, XnIndicating the current position of the user, Vn+1The value of the velocity of the user at the next moment is indicated and T represents the sampling time.
Further, the method for switching decision comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating the reference signal received power of a pre-bearing point, calculating the current connectable node ratio R of a cell and the expected travelling distance d of a user in the next cellc。
Then according to the reference signal receiving power of the pre-bearing point, the ratio R of the current connectable nodes of the cell and the expected travelling distance d of the user in the next cellcConstructing a multi-attribute decision matrix W, and solving a multi-attribute weighted value of each cell by using the multi-attribute decision matrix W, wherein the candidate cell with the largest multi-attribute weighted value is the target cell, and the multi-attribute decision matrix W comprises the following components:
in the formula, xijIndicating the jth attribute of the ith cell.
Further, the calculation of the weighted value of the multi-attribute matrix W includes: using the formula: w is a group ofi＝xi1*xi2*xi3*……*xijCalculating the weighted value of the attribute of the ith cell, forming a new matrix W' after the weighted values of the multiple attributes of all the surrounding candidate cells are calculated, and calculating the weighted value of the multiple attributesThe largest candidate cell is taken as the target cell.
Further, pre-loading point reference signal received power, calculating cell current connectable node ratio R and predicted travelling distance d of user in next cellcThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
the obtaining mode of the pre-bearing point reference signal receiving power comprises the following steps: according to cell position information, a cell communication range and cell transmitting signal power stored in an SDN, obtaining a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) value of user mobile terminal equipment:
RSRP＝Pt-Pl
wherein P istFor cell base station transmit power, PlIs the path loss.
Where d is the distance between the pre-loading point and the cell of the ue, f is the carrier frequency, and c represents the propagation speed value of light as c 3 × 108m/s。
The calculation mode of the current connectable node ratio R includes: obtaining a current connectable node ratio R according to the current load ratio of the cell, wherein the calculation mode of the current connectable node ratio comprises the following steps:
wherein M ismaxDenotes the maximum number of accesses, M, of a cellnRepresenting the current access number of the cell and R representing the current connectable node ratio of the cell.
A larger R means a smaller load of the cell, i.e. more resources are currently available for the cell, and more resources are available for serving after the cell is handed over.
Expected travel distance d of user in next cellcThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
dc＝2*Dc*cos(α)，α∈(0,π/2)
where α represents the angle between the forward direction of the user entering the cell and the cell base station, and dcRepresenting the expected distance traveled by the user in the next cell and Dc representing the coverage radius of the cell.
Expected residence time t of user in target celliThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein d iscIndicating the expected distance traveled by the user in the next cell,
representing the average moving speed of the user.
The predicted residence time t of the user in the target celliComparing with TTT threshold, and estimating stay time t when user is in target celliWhen the threshold value is smaller than the TTT threshold value, ignoring the cell and not switching; when the expected residence time t of the user in the target celliAnd when the time is greater than the TTT threshold, entering a switching execution stage.
A switching execution stage: the SDN controller issues a switching instruction to a source cell; the source cell responds to the switching instruction, switches the user mobile terminal equipment to the target cell, and completes the data matching and updating of the user mobile terminal equipment and the target cell, and the specific steps comprise:
firstly, a source cell responds to a switching instruction of an SDN controller and sends a switching request to a target cell; after receiving the switching request of the source cell, the target cell responds to the request and allocates network resources required by the switching of the mobile terminal equipment of the mobile user; the source cell distributes downlink channels to the user mobile terminal equipment and sends a switching command, and the user mobile terminal equipment leaves the source cell and is switched to a target cell; the source cell starts to send downlink data packets and buffer data to the target cell, synchronizes the data of the mobile user terminal equipment to the channel of the target cell and accesses the channel into the target cell through a random access process, the target cell completes the tasks of uplink resource allocation and tracking area allocation of the mobile user terminal, so that the user mobile terminal equipment is switched to the target cell, and the target cell and the mobile terminal equipment can send data and requests to each other.
A switching confirmation stage: after a user mobile terminal device is switched to a target cell, a switching confirmation instruction is sent to the target cell, the target cell requests an SDN controller to update a routing table, the SDN configures a route between the terminal and the target cell for data transmission, and a source cell forwards residual data to release resources, specifically comprising:
after the user mobile terminal equipment is switched to the target cell, the target cell sends a route updating request to the SDN controller, the SDN controller is requested to update a route table between the SDN controller and the user mobile terminal equipment, the SDN controller commands the gateway to complete route updating, and the gateway sends an updating response to complete route updating between the target cell and the user mobile terminal equipment. The source cell forwards the rest data to the target cell, and the source cell releases wireless resources after the data forwarding is completed; the user mobile terminal device uses the new route connection with the target cell for data service.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for pre-cell handover in a software defined network, comprising the steps of:
s1, sampling the position of the user mobile terminal equipment through a GPS to obtain sampling data, and uploading the sampling data and a cell measurement report to an SDN controller;
s2, the SDN controller predicts the position of the mobile user according to the sampling data, and predicts the position of the user at the next moment; carrying out switching judgment according to the reference signal receiving power of the pre-bearing point, the current connectable node ratio of the cell and the expected travelling distance of the user in the next cell, and finding out a target cell for switching;
the mobile user location prediction includes:
s211, calculating speed values of the sampling points according to the sampling time T, the sampling point N and the position Xn of each sampling to obtain N speed values V1, V2, … and VN;
s212, constructing a speed matrix V which is { V1, V2, …, VN } according to the N speed values, predicting a speed value Vn +1 of the user at the next moment by adopting a gray prediction model method based on the speed matrix, and calculating the position of the user at the next moment according to the speed value Vn +1 of the user at the next moment, wherein the calculation formula of the position of the user at the next moment comprises the following steps:
Xn+1＝Xn+Vn+1*T
wherein, Xn+1Indicating the position of the user at the next moment, XnIndicating the current position of the user, Vn+1The speed value of the next moment of the user is represented, and T represents sampling time;
the method for switching the decision comprises the following steps:
s221, calculating the receiving power of the pre-bearing point reference signal, the ratio R of the current connectable nodes of the cell and the expected travelling distance d of the user in the next cellc；
S222, according to the reference signal received power of the pre-bearing point, the current connectable node ratio R of the cell and the expected travelling distance d of the user in the next cellcConstructing a multi-attribute decision matrix W, wherein the multi-attribute decision matrix W comprises:
in the formula, xijA j-th attribute representing an ith cell;
s223, according to the multi-attribute decision matrix W, utilizing the formula Wi＝xi1*xi2*xi3*……*xijObtaining the multiple attribute weighted value of ith cell, calculating the multiple attribute weighted value of all candidate cells around the user, and using the candidate cell with the maximum multiple attribute weighted value as the targetMarking a cell;
the calculation method of the pre-loading point reference signal receiving power comprises the following steps: obtaining a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) value of user mobile terminal equipment according to cell position information, a cell communication range and cell transmitting signal power stored in an SDN controller, wherein a calculation formula comprises the following steps:
RSRP＝Pt-Pl
wherein, PtFor transmitting power, P, to the cell base stationlIn order to achieve the path loss, it is,
where d is the distance between the pre-bearer and the cell, f is the carrier frequency, c represents the propagation speed of light, and c is 3 × 108m/s；
S3, calculating the expected stay time of the user in the target cell, entering a switching execution stage when the expected stay time of the user in the target cell is larger than a TTT threshold value, and ignoring the cell for not switching when the expected stay time of the user in the target cell is smaller than the TTT threshold value;
s4, in the switching execution stage, the SDN controller issues a switching instruction to the source cell; the source cell responds to the switching instruction, and switches the user mobile terminal equipment to the target cell to complete the data matching and updating of the user mobile terminal equipment and the target cell;
and S5, after the user mobile terminal device is switched to the target cell, the target cell sends a routing table updating request to the SDN controller, and the SDN controller configures the routing between the user mobile terminal device and the target cell.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the current connectable node ratio R is obtained according to a current cell load ratio, and the calculation of the current connectable node ratio R comprises:
wherein R represents the ratio of currently connectable nodes of the cell, MmaxDenotes the maximum number of accesses, M, of a cellnRepresenting the current access number of the cell.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the predicted distance d of user's travel in the next cell iscThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
dc＝2*Dc*cos(α)，α∈(0，π/2)
wherein d iscRepresents the expected travel distance of the user in the next cell, Dc represents the coverage radius of the cell, and alpha represents the included angle between the advancing direction of the user and the base station of the cell when the user enters the cell.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the predicted residence time t of the user in the target cell isiThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein d iscIndicating the expected distance traveled by the user in the next cell,
representing the average moving speed of the user.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the source cell hands over the user mobile terminal to the target cell to complete data update of the user equipment and the target cell, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, the source cell responds to the switching instruction of the SDN controller and sends a switching request to the target cell;
s32, the target cell responds to the switching request of the source cell and allocates the network resource required by the switching of the user mobile terminal equipment;
s33, the source cell distributes the downlink channel to the user mobile terminal equipment and sends a switching command; the source cell sends the data packet and the buffer data of the user mobile terminal equipment to the target cell and synchronizes the user mobile terminal equipment to an uplink channel of the target cell;
s34, the target cell completes the tasks of resource allocation and tracking area allocation to the user mobile terminal device, and the user mobile terminal device is switched to the target cell;
s35, after the user mobile terminal device is switched to the target cell, sending a switching completion instruction to the target cell; and the target cell sends a routing table updating request to the SDN controller, and the SDN configures the routing between the terminal and the target cell for data transmission.
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