CN110879091A - Liquid level meter for liquid helium, calibration method thereof and liquid helium container - Google Patents
Liquid level meter for liquid helium, calibration method thereof and liquid helium container Download PDFInfo
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- CN110879091A CN110879091A CN201911060505.6A CN201911060505A CN110879091A CN 110879091 A CN110879091 A CN 110879091A CN 201911060505 A CN201911060505 A CN 201911060505A CN 110879091 A CN110879091 A CN 110879091A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
- G01F25/20—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of apparatus for measuring liquid level
Abstract
The invention provides a liquid level meter for liquid helium, a calibration method thereof and a liquid helium container, wherein the liquid level meter comprises a sleeve, a heater and a measurement module, and the sleeve is provided with a cavity; the heater is arranged on one side of the cavity close to the top of the sleeve and is in a sheet shape or a block shape; the measuring module comprises a superconducting wire, a current incoming wire, a current outgoing wire, a voltage incoming wire and a voltage outgoing wire, the superconducting wire is accommodated in the cavity, and the superconducting wire extends from one end, close to the bottom of the sleeve, of the cavity to one end, close to the top of the sleeve, of the cavity; the two ends of the superconducting wire are respectively connected with a current incoming wire and a current outgoing wire, and are respectively connected with a voltage incoming wire and a voltage outgoing wire, and the current incoming wire, the current outgoing wire, the voltage incoming wire and the voltage outgoing wire penetrate through the sleeve and are exposed outside the sleeve; a portion of the superconducting wire is in contact with a surface of the heater, and the superconducting wire is insulated from the heater. The invention realizes mutual independence of the heating part and the measuring part, can ensure the heating power of the heating part and can ensure accurate measurement at low liquid level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-temperature superconducting liquid level measurement, in particular to a liquid level meter for liquid helium, a calibration method of the liquid level meter and a liquid helium container.
Background
Superconductivity refers to the property of some metals or alloys that the electrical resistance suddenly drops to zero under certain temperature conditions. When this temperature condition is lost, the resistance of the metal or alloy suddenly increases to become a non-superconducting state or a normal conductor, and the process is called quenching. The temperature conditions are generally lower temperatures, whereas cryogenic temperatures need to be obtained by means of a cryogenic medium, such as for high temperature superconductors, the cold medium used to obtain this cryogenic environment is typically 77k of liquid nitrogen; whereas for cryogenic superconductors the cold medium used to achieve this cryogenic environment is typically 4.2k of liquid helium.
At present, heating wires are used as heating devices in the structure of a liquid level meter for measuring liquid helium, the heating wires and superconducting wires are connected in series in the same loop for use, currents passing through the heating wires and the superconducting wires are limited, heating power is possibly insufficient, and accurate measurement is difficult at a low liquid level; the heating wire and the superconducting wire are very thin, good contact between the heating wire and the superconducting wire is not easy, and the heating wire is easy to separate from the superconducting wire or burn due to the influence of the contact point and the heat exchange efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a liquid level meter for liquid helium, a calibration method thereof and a liquid helium container.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gauge for liquid helium, the gauge comprising:
the sleeve is provided with a cavity;
the heater is arranged on one side of the cavity close to the top of the sleeve and is in a sheet shape or a block shape; and
the measuring module comprises a superconducting wire, a current incoming wire, a current outgoing wire, a voltage incoming wire and a voltage outgoing wire, the superconducting wire is accommodated in the cavity, and the superconducting wire extends from one end, close to the bottom of the sleeve, of the cavity to one end, close to the top of the sleeve, of the cavity;
the two ends of the superconducting wire are respectively connected with the current incoming wire and the current outgoing wire, and are respectively connected with the voltage incoming wire and the voltage outgoing wire, and the current incoming wire, the current outgoing wire, the voltage incoming wire and the voltage outgoing wire penetrate through the sleeve and are exposed outside the sleeve;
wherein a portion of the superconducting wire is in contact with a surface of the heater, and the superconducting wire is insulated from the heater.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid helium vessel comprising:
a container body having a reservoir chamber for storing liquid helium;
a gauge for liquid helium according to the first aspect of the invention, the gauge being mounted within the reservoir chamber with a base of the gauge projecting into the liquid helium.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a calibration method of a gauge for calibrating a gauge according to the first aspect of the present invention, the method comprising:
acquiring the full resistance of the whole superconducting wire in a quench state;
determining a shape factor of the liquid level meter according to an installation shape of the liquid level meter in the current container when the liquid level meter is used for testing the liquid level position in the current container;
and establishing a corresponding relation between the current voltage of the superconducting wire and the liquid level position according to the length of the superconducting wire, the full resistance, the current of the superconducting wire and the shape coefficient.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sheet-shaped or block-shaped heater is adopted, the heater and the superconducting wire are in contact heat conduction, the mutual independence of the heating part and the measuring part is realized, the condition that the currents are mutually limited when the heater and the superconducting wire are connected in series is avoided, the heating power of the heating part can be ensured, and the accurate measurement can be ensured at a low liquid level.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid level gauge for liquid helium in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a level gauge for liquid helium in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid helium vessel in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method of calibrating a fluid level gauge in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fluid level gauge installed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100: a container body; 200: a liquid level meter; 1: a sleeve; 11: a metal tube; 12: an insulating tube; 2: a heater; 21: leading a power supply into a wire; 22: a power supply outlet; 3: a measurement module; 31: superconducting wire; 32: feeding current into a wire; 33: a current outlet; 34: leading a voltage into a wire; 35: a voltage outlet wire; 4: and a monitoring unit.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
The current techniques for detecting the liquid helium level mainly focus on using a superconductor as a helium level sensor by utilizing the physical characteristics that the superconductor has zero resistance in a superconducting state and suddenly increases in resistance in a non-superconducting state (or quench state).
The method comprises the following steps of placing a part of superconducting wires below the liquid helium surface and a part of superconducting wires above the liquid helium surface, heating the superconducting wires above the liquid helium surface by using a heating device to enable the superconducting wires above the liquid helium surface to be in a non-superconducting state, and the superconducting wires below the helium surface to be in a superconducting state due to being soaked in liquid helium, and then applying a constant current to measure the voltage at two ends of the superconducting wires, wherein the voltage can change along with the height of the liquid surface, so that the height of the liquid surface is estimated (if the superconducting wires are not heated, the whole superconducting wires are in the superconducting state, the voltage at two ends of the superconducting wires cannot be measured without resistance, and a liquid level meter cannot work). At present, a heating device is generally a heating wire or a heating coil, the heating device is connected with one end of a superconducting wire, and wires are led out from two ends of the heating device and the superconducting wire through the same current for supplying current and measuring voltage. In the existing liquid level meter, the currents passing through a heating wire (or a heating coil) and a superconducting wire are mutually limited, so that the heating power is possibly insufficient, and accurate measurement is difficult at a lower liquid level; the heating wire (or the heating coil) and the superconducting wire are very thin, good contact between the heating wire and the superconducting wire is not easy, and the heating wire is easy to separate from the superconducting wire or burn due to the influence of the contact point and the heat exchange efficiency.
In the liquid level meter for liquid helium, the sheet-shaped or block-shaped heater is adopted, the heater and the superconducting wire are in contact heat conduction, so that the mutual independence of the heating part and the measuring part is realized, the condition that the currents are mutually limited when the heater and the superconducting wire are connected in series is avoided, the heating power of the heating part can be ensured, and the accurate measurement can be ensured at a low liquid level.
The following describes the level gauge for liquid helium, its calibration method, and liquid helium container in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features of the following examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of low-temperature superconductivity, and the liquid level refers to the position of the liquid level of liquid helium. Liquid helium in a cryogenic container is at a temperature bounded by the liquid level, about 4.2k below the liquid level, is filled with cold helium gas above the liquid level, is at a temperature greater than 4.2k, and is at a higher temperature the farther away from the liquid level. Since the liquid level of liquid helium determines the volume and weight of liquid helium in the cryogenic container and is closely related to the performance of the superconductor and the operating state of the equipment, real-time monitoring of the liquid level of liquid helium is essential.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid level gauge for liquid helium in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, a liquid level meter 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a casing 1, a heater 2, and a measurement module 3. Wherein the sleeve 1 has a cavity, and the inner wall of the sleeve 1 of the embodiment is insulated. The heater 2 is arranged at one side of the cavity close to the top of the sleeve 1, and the heater 2 of the embodiment is in a sheet shape or a block shape. The measuring module 3 comprises a superconducting wire 31, a current incoming wire 32, a current outgoing wire 33, a voltage incoming wire 34 and a voltage outgoing wire 35, the superconducting wire 31 is accommodated in the cavity, the superconducting wire 31 extends from one end of the cavity close to the bottom of the sleeve 1 to one end of the cavity close to the top of the sleeve 1, one end of the superconducting wire 31 is fixed to the top of the sleeve 1, the other end of the superconducting wire 31 is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve 1 or is arranged at intervals with the bottom of the sleeve 1, and it can be understood that the other end of the superconducting wire 31 can also be in contact with the bottom of the. In the embodiment where one end of the superconducting wire 31 is fixed to the top of the casing 1 and the other end of the superconducting wire 31 is fixed to the bottom of the casing 1 or in contact with the bottom of the casing 1, the superconducting wire 31 penetrates the entire casing 1.
The two ends of the superconducting wire 31 are respectively connected with a current incoming wire 32 and a current outgoing wire 33, and are respectively connected with a voltage incoming wire 34 and a voltage outgoing wire 35, for example, optionally, the current incoming wire 32 and the voltage incoming wire 34 are connected with one end of the superconducting wire 31 close to the top of the sleeve 1, and the current outgoing wire 33 and the voltage outgoing wire 35 are connected with one end of the superconducting wire 31 close to the bottom of the sleeve 1; optionally, the current outlet 33 and the voltage outlet 35 are connected to one end of the superconducting wire 31 close to the top of the sleeve 1, and the current inlet 32 and the voltage inlet 34 are connected to one end of the superconducting wire 31 close to the bottom of the sleeve 1; it is understood that other connection manners may be adopted to connect the two ends of the superconducting wire 31 to the current incoming wire 32 and the current outgoing wire 33, respectively, and to connect the voltage incoming wire 34 and the voltage outgoing wire 35, respectively. Further, the current incoming line 32, the current outgoing line 33, the voltage incoming line 34, and the voltage outgoing line 35 of this embodiment are disposed through the bushing 1 and exposed outside the bushing 1, and optionally, the current incoming line 32, the current outgoing line 33, the voltage incoming line 34, and the voltage outgoing line 35 are disposed through the top of the bushing 1 and exposed outside the bushing 1; of course, the current incoming line 32, the current outgoing line 33, the voltage incoming line 34 and the voltage outgoing line 35 penetrate through the side wall of the sleeve 1 near the top end and are exposed outside the sleeve 1.
In the present embodiment, a part of superconducting wire 31 is in contact with the surface of heater 2, and superconducting wire 31 is insulated from heater 2. Because the sheet-shaped or block-shaped heater 2 is adopted, the heater 2 and the superconducting wire 31 are in contact for heat conduction, the mutual independence of the heating part and the measuring part is realized, the condition that the currents are mutually limited when the heater 2 and the superconducting wire 31 are connected in series is avoided, the heating power of the heating part can be ensured, and the accurate measurement can be ensured when the liquid level is low.
The sleeve 1 can include drain pan and upper cover, and the drain pan is located to the cavity, and the drain pan top is equipped with the opening, opening and cavity intercommunication, upper cover and opening cooperation. In this embodiment, the current incoming line 32, the current outgoing line 33, the voltage incoming line 34 and the voltage outgoing line 35 penetrate through the upper cover and are exposed outside the casing 1.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the sleeve 1 may include a metal tube 11 and an insulating tube 12 disposed inside the metal tube 11, wherein the metal tube 11 facilitates maintaining the shape of the liquid level meter 200. The insulating tube 12 may be made of a flexible material, such as rubber, to prevent the structure in the cavity from shaking. In this embodiment, the insulating tube 12 is fixed to the inner side wall of the metal tube 11. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the sleeve 1 comprises a layer of tubular body, for example, the tubular body may be made of insulating material with high hardness.
The sleeve 1 of the embodiment is a bendable sleeve 1, and when the liquid level meter 200 is used for measuring the liquid level position of liquid helium in a liquid helium container, the sleeve 1 can be bent into different shapes to adapt to the structure of the liquid helium container, so that the liquid level measurement of the liquid helium container and a path with complicated shapes can be adapted. For example, when the liquid level meter 200 is used, the sleeve 1 may be bent into a special shape such as a circular arc, an elliptical arc, or a trapezoid; of course, if the structure of the liquid helium vessel permits, the level gauge 200 may be used to measure the liquid level position of the liquid helium in the liquid helium vessel in a non-bent state (i.e., a normal state in which the sleeve 1 is linear).
The casing 1 may be a closed casing 1 or a non-closed casing 1. Wherein, the closed sleeve 1 means that the bottom and the side wall of the sleeve 1 are closed; the non-closed sleeve 1 means that the bottom or the side wall of the sleeve 1 is not closed, optionally, the side wall of the sleeve 1 is provided with a through hole, when the liquid level meter 200 is used, liquid helium can enter the cavity from the through hole, and the use of the liquid level meter 200 is not influenced.
The heater 2 may be a self-heating structure, or may be heated by external power supply.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the liquid level meter 200 of the present embodiment may further include a power inlet 21 and a power outlet 22, where the power inlet 21 and the power outlet 22 are respectively connected to two ends of the heater 2, so as to implement a heating function of the heater 2 by external power supply.
Alternatively, the surface of heater 2 is provided with a first insulating layer, ensuring that there is no electrical connection between heater 2 and superconducting wire 31, thereby ensuring that the heating portion and the measuring portion are independent of each other.
When the level gauge 200 is in the non-bent state, the sleeve 1 is linear and the superconducting wire 31 is also linear. The following embodiments illustrate the fluid level gauge 200 in an unfolded state.
Optionally, superconducting wire 31 is substantially perpendicular to the bottom of casing 1; of course, superconducting wire 31 may also be non-perpendicular to the bottom of casing 1.
Optionally, superconducting wire 31 is substantially parallel to the side wall of casing 1; of course, superconducting wire 31 may also be angled with respect to the sidewall of casing 1.
In order to make the superconducting wire 31 and the heater 2 have good physical contact, a part of the superconducting wire 31 is bonded to the surface of the heater 2, and for example, a part of the superconducting wire 31 may be bonded to the surface of the heater 2 by glue. It will be appreciated that other means of securing superconducting wire 31 to the surface of heater 2 may be advantageous.
Optionally, the measurement module 3 includes a plurality of measurement modules, and a backup of the measurement module 3 is realized. Optionally, the measuring modules 3 comprise two measuring modules 3, and the two measuring modules 3 share the same heater 2, so that the liquid level meter 200 can still be used normally by one measuring module 3 when one measuring module 3 is damaged.
In order to be suitable for a low temperature environment, the current incoming line 32, the current outgoing line 33, the voltage incoming line 34 and the voltage outgoing line 35 of the present embodiment are copper wires with a second insulating layer wrapped on the surface. The power inlet wire 21 and the power outlet wire 22 may also be copper wires with a second insulating layer wrapped on the surface. Optionally, the second insulating layer is a teflon layer; the second insulating layer may also be made of other insulating materials suitable for use at low temperatures.
Referring to fig. 2, the liquid level meter 200 may further include a monitoring unit 4, the monitoring unit 4 is disposed outside the casing 1, and the monitoring unit 4 is electrically connected to the current incoming line 32, the current outgoing line 33, the voltage incoming line 34, and the voltage outgoing line 35, respectively, so that current may be input to the superconducting wire 31 through the monitoring unit 4, and the voltage of a portion of the superconducting wire 31 located on the liquid level of the liquid helium may be monitored through the monitoring unit 4. Further, the monitoring unit 4 is electrically connected to the power inlet 21 and the power outlet 22, respectively, so as to control whether the heater 2 operates or not through the monitoring unit 4.
The level gauge 200 of the present embodiment operates in a liquid helium temperature region, and specifically, when the heater 2 is not heated, the superconducting wire 31 is in a superconducting state due to being sufficiently cooled, and the resistance is 0, and even if a current is input to the superconducting wire 31, no voltage is applied across the superconducting wire 31. When the heater 2 is heated, if the heating power is greater than the heat dissipation power, a part of the superconducting wire 31 in contact with the heater 2 is in a non-superconducting state and has resistance, and if a certain current is introduced to the superconducting wire 31, the non-superconducting state is gradually expanded due to joule heat, and the non-superconducting state is propagated to a position where the heating power is less than or equal to the heat dissipation power, wherein the position is usually an interface between liquid helium and helium, namely a liquid level, and the liquid level position is a liquid level. The change in the liquid level is a change in the length of superconducting wire 31 in a non-superconducting state, i.e., a change in resistance, and the voltage across superconducting wire 31 changes as the resistance changes. Thus, the liquid level position can be determined by measuring the voltage across superconducting wire 31.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a liquid helium container, which may include a container body 100 and the liquid level meter 200 for liquid helium of the above-mentioned embodiment. Wherein, vessel body 100 has the stock solution chamber that is used for saving liquid helium, and level gauge 200 installs in the stock solution chamber, and during the bottom of level gauge 200 stretched into liquid helium to detect the liquid level change of liquid helium in the stock solution chamber through level gauge 200.
After the liquid level meter 200 is prefabricated, the corresponding relation between the current voltage of the superconducting wire 31 and the liquid level position needs to be calibrated. In contrast, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a calibration method for the liquid level meter 200, which is used for calibrating the liquid level meter 200 of the above embodiment. Referring to fig. 4, the calibration method of the liquid level meter 200 of the present embodiment may include steps S401 to S403.
In S401, the full resistance of superconducting wire 31 in the quench state as a whole is obtained.
When S401 is implemented, specifically, when the entire level meter 200 is placed in the cold helium gas, the heater 2 of the level meter 200 is turned on, a current of a preset magnitude is input through the current inlet wire 32 and the current outlet wire 33 of the level meter 200, and then the full resistance of the entire superconducting wire 31 in the quench state is measured through the voltage inlet wire 34 and the voltage outlet wire 35 of the level meter 200. Alternatively, the gauge 200 is placed in a liquid helium dewar with the entire gauge 200 in cold helium gas.
In this embodiment, a current I with a predetermined magnitude is input through the current inlet wire 32 and the current outlet wire 331After being stabilized, the voltage value V is measured through the voltage inlet wire 34 and the voltage outlet wire 351And calculating to obtain the total resistance R of the ultra-guide wire 31 under the cold helium gas1＝V1/I1。
In S402, when the liquid level position within the current container is tested using the liquid level meter 200, the shape factor of the liquid level meter 200 is determined according to the installation shape of the liquid level meter 200 installed in the current container.
In the present embodiment, the superconducting wire 31 of the prefabricated level gauge 200 has a length L1When superconducting wire 31 is in operation, it is partially immersed below the liquid level of liquid helium, and the length of superconducting wire 31 above the liquid level is Lx according to the resistance calculation formula
(ρ is the density of the material of superconducting wire 31, S is the cross-sectional area of superconducting wire 31, and L is the length of superconducting wire 31), to obtain:
wherein L isxThe length, R, of superconducting wire 31 above the liquid level of liquid heliumxQuench resistance, V, corresponding to superconducting wire 31 at a portion above the liquid level of liquid heliumxThe voltage corresponding to the resistance of superconducting wire 31 at a portion above the liquid level of liquid helium at a constant current, that is, the real-time voltage across superconducting wire 31 when the liquid level changes, can be found as follows:
it can be further concluded that the length of superconducting wire 31 below the liquid level:
but in most cases LyNot equivalent to the liquid level height, because of the shape and configuration of the liquid helium vessel, the gauge 200 often cannot be mounted vertically (i.e., non-bent mounting), but rather needs to be mounted in a special shape within the liquid helium vessel. The sleeve 1 of the gauge 200 may be mounted in a regular shape (e.g., vertical, arc) or irregular shape currently availableIn the liquid helium vessel, the relationship between the length of superconducting wire 31 and the liquid level height will be influenced by the shape of the mounting of level gauge 200, which is referred to as shape factor S in this embodiment, and liquid level heights H and LyS has a corresponding relation.
When the sleeve 1 of the gauge 200 is vertically mounted in a liquid helium vessel, S ═ 1, H ═ Ly。
For example, referring to fig. 5, if the level gauge 200 is installed in the liquid helium container in a circular arc shape (the radius of the circular arc is r), the central angle corresponding to the circular arc section from the intersection of the level gauge 200 and the liquid level to the bottom of the level gauge 200 is θ, the arc angle corresponding to θ is α, and the liquid level height is H, then:
further derivation yields:
then, θ is converted to radian:
further obtaining:
the arc length S' corresponding to the arc segment from the intersection of the liquid level meter 200 and the liquid surface to the bottom of the liquid level meter 200 is α · r, so that
And S ═ LyFurther, it is deduced that:
thus, when the sleeve 1 of the gauge 200 is mounted non-vertically in a liquid helium vessel,
the gauge 200 is installed in the liquid helium vessel in an irregular shape, and the gauge 200 can be divided into several segments of regular shapes for separate calculations.
In S403, the correspondence between the present voltage of superconducting wire 31 and the position of the liquid level is established based on the length of superconducting wire 31, the total resistance, the present current of superconducting wire 31, and the form factor.
In this embodiment, the corresponding relationship is:
wherein H is the height of the liquid level, L1Is the length, V, of superconducting wire 311＝R1×I，R1For total resistance, I is the current of superconducting wire 31, VxS is a shape factor, which is the current voltage of superconducting wire 31.
The monitoring unit 4 is loaded with the formula (4), L since the gauge 200 is prefabricated and installed in the current container1、V1And S are all constant values, so V is monitored in real time by the monitoring unit 4xAnd the real-time monitoring of the liquid level can be realized.
For example, in one embodiment, the gauge 200 is shaped as a semi-circular arc, i.e., the gauge 200 is mounted in a semi-circular arc in the liquid helium vessel, and may be pushed out with a known arc radius r
Then equation (4) is:
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gauge for liquid helium, comprising:
a sleeve (1) having a cavity;
the heater (2) is arranged on one side of the cavity close to the top of the sleeve (1), and the heater (2) is in a sheet shape or a block shape; and
the measuring module (3) comprises a superconducting wire (31), a current inlet wire (32), a current outlet wire (33), a voltage inlet wire (34) and a voltage outlet wire (35), the superconducting wire (31) is accommodated in the cavity, and the superconducting wire (31) extends from one end, close to the bottom of the sleeve (1), of the cavity to one end, close to the top of the sleeve (1), of the cavity;
the two ends of the superconducting wire (31) are respectively connected with the current inlet wire (32) and the current outlet wire (33), and are respectively connected with the voltage inlet wire (34) and the voltage outlet wire (35), and the current inlet wire (32), the current outlet wire (33), the voltage inlet wire (34) and the voltage outlet wire (35) penetrate through the sleeve (1) and are exposed out of the sleeve (1);
wherein a part of the superconducting wire (31) is in contact with a surface of the heater (2), and the superconducting wire (31) is insulated from the heater (2).
2. Level gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that the superconducting wire (31) is substantially perpendicular to the bottom of the sleeve (1); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the superconducting wires (31) are substantially parallel to the side wall of the casing (1); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the superconducting wire (31) is made of NbTi or Nb3 Sn; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a part of the superconducting wire (31) is bonded to the surface of the heater (2); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the measuring module (3) comprises a plurality of measuring modules.
3. The liquid level meter according to claim 1, further comprising a power inlet wire (21) and a power outlet wire (22), wherein the power inlet wire (21) and the power outlet wire (22) are respectively connected to two ends of the heater (2); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the surface of the heater (2) is provided with a first insulating layer.
4. The gauge according to claim 1, wherein the current inlet (32), the current outlet (33), the voltage inlet (34) and the voltage outlet (35) are copper wires with a second insulation layer on the surface.
5. The gauge of claim 4, wherein the second insulating layer is a Teflon layer.
6. The gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that said sleeve (1) comprises a metal tube (11) and an insulating tube (12) housed inside said metal tube (11); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the side wall of the sleeve (1) is provided with a through hole; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the sleeve (1) is a bendable sleeve (1).
7. The gauge according to claim 1, further comprising a monitoring unit (4) disposed outside the casing (1), wherein the monitoring unit (4) is electrically connected to the current inlet line (32), the current outlet line (33), the voltage inlet line (34) and the voltage outlet line (35), respectively.
8. A liquid helium vessel, comprising:
a container body (100) having a reservoir chamber for storing helium liquid;
the level gauge (200) for helium liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the level gauge (200) being mounted within the liquid storage chamber with a bottom of the level gauge (200) projecting into the liquid helium.
9. Calibration method of a gauge for calibrating a gauge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises:
acquiring the full resistance of the whole superconducting wire (31) in a quench state;
determining a shape factor of the liquid level meter according to an installation shape of the liquid level meter in the current container when the liquid level meter is used for testing the liquid level position in the current container;
and establishing a corresponding relation between the current voltage of the superconducting wire (31) and the liquid level position according to the length of the superconducting wire (31), the full resistance, the current of the superconducting wire (31) and the shape coefficient.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein said obtaining the full resistance of said superconducting wire (31) in a quench state as a whole comprises:
when the whole liquid level meter is placed in cold helium, a heater (2) of the liquid level meter is started, current with a preset magnitude is input through a current inlet wire (32) and a current outlet wire (33) of the liquid level meter, and then the full resistance of the whole superconducting wire (31) in a quench state is measured through a voltage inlet wire (34) and a voltage outlet wire (35) of the liquid level meter; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the corresponding relation is as follows:
wherein H is the height of the liquid level;
L1is the length of the superconducting wire (31);
V1＝R1×I，R1is full resistance, I is the current of the superconducting wire (31);
Vxis the current voltage of the superconducting wire (31);
and S is the shape coefficient.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911060505.6A CN110879091A (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Liquid level meter for liquid helium, calibration method thereof and liquid helium container |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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