CN110830144B - Communication method and communication device of hybrid time division multiplexing system - Google Patents
Communication method and communication device of hybrid time division multiplexing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a communication method and a communication device of a hybrid time division multiplexing system, belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and solves the technical problem that a communication scheme suitable for a hybrid time division multiplexing mechanism is lacked in the prior art, wherein the communication method comprises the following steps: determining a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites in a plurality of communication sites every other first preset time; acquiring initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent; analyzing and processing the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy, so that the plurality of common stations communicate with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy. The communication scheme of the invention can be compatible with TDM and STDM, the network structure is flexible, and the network communication can be continuous and stable.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and a communication apparatus for a hybrid time division multiplexing system.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology and integrated circuit technology, wireless communication chips are widely applied to a plurality of industries such as combat systems, large-scale emergency communication systems, navigation positioning, internet of things, sensor networks, digital television broadcasting, public safety, intelligent building homes, radio stations, mobile terminals, toy electronics and the like, and accordingly diverse communication protocol standards are derived. In order to comply with the requirement of long time, the most popular research in the wireless communication field is to design a transceiver chip compatible with multiple protocols to meet the increasing demands of users for voice, video, data browsing, etc., but the requirements for data transmission are different for different users, for example: application scenarios such as telecommunication telephone network, IOT (Internet of things), system feedback control and the like have high real-time requirements on data transmission, and application scenarios such as video transmission, resource downloading and the like have high requirements on data transmission speed.
Currently, a wireless communication chip for a mobile network generally uses only a synchronous Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) mechanism or a Statistical Time Division Multiplexing (STDM) mechanism.
TDM is to allocate a certain channel to each user through a control center, and the channel usage sequence of each user is determined without conflict. When a channel is allocated to a user and no matter whether the channel has information to transmit or not, the channel cannot be used by other users. TDM includes the following features: 1) the use time of the user is distributed by the control center; 2) communication usage time and latency are known; 3) are in sequence and do not interfere with each other; 4) the usage rate is fixed; 5) the method is suitable for real-time communication. The advantages of TDM are: the time slot allocation is fixed, so that the adjustment and control are convenient, and the method is suitable for the transmission of digital information; the disadvantages are: channel and device utilization is low. TDM is widely applied to the fields of telecommunication telephone networks with higher real-time requirements, Internet of things IOT and the like.
STDM is an asynchronous time division multiplexing mechanism that directly preempts line resources when a user has data to transmit, and the transmission capability of the line can be used by other users when the user suspends transmitting data. STDM includes the following features: 1) the robber has the right without a control center; 2) the communication length and latency are unknown; 3) no fixed use sequence exists; 4) the using speed is uneven, and the total transmission capacity of the line can be achieved to the maximum; 5) the method is suitable for non-real-time communication. The advantages of STDM are: the utilization rate of channels and equipment is improved; the disadvantages of STDM are: the technology is complex (a buffer data memory for storing input queuing information and a more complex addressing and control technology are required). The STDM is mainly applied to the IP internet with low real-time requirement.
It is obvious that TDM and STDM have advantages and disadvantages, and their applicable fields are different. Although a prior application (CN107919932) proposes a hybrid time division multiplexing mechanism compatible with TDM and STDM, there is no communication system scheme based on the hybrid time division multiplexing mechanism in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem that a communication scheme suitable for a hybrid time division mechanism is lacked in the prior art, the invention provides a communication method and a communication device of a hybrid time division multiplexing system, which can be compatible with TDM and STDM, have flexible network structure and can ensure stable and uninterrupted network communication.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a communication method of a hybrid time division multiplexing system, where the system includes a plurality of communication stations, and the communication method includes the following steps:
s1, determining a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites in a plurality of communication sites every first preset time;
s2, acquiring initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent;
s3, analyzing and processing the collected initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy, so that the plurality of common stations communicate with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy.
Optionally, the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy includes: the method comprises the following steps of common stations corresponding to a TDM time period, the sequence of data transmission of each common station corresponding to the TDM time period, the duration of an STDM time period, and the number of cycles for which the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy lasts.
Optionally, the step S1 includes the sub-steps of:
generating and sending first synchronous identification information every other first preset time length so that the plurality of communication sites receive and execute first synchronous operation based on the first synchronous identification information;
judging whether the last control coordination site designates the current control coordination site;
when the last control coordination site designates the current control coordination site, sending control site confirmation information to the plurality of communication sites, so that the plurality of communication sites form a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites based on the control site confirmation information; and
when the last control coordination site does not designate the current control coordination site, one control coordination site is generated through competition of the plurality of communication sites, and other communication sites in the plurality of communication sites are common sites.
Optionally, when the previous control coordination site does not specify the current control coordination site, a control coordination site is generated through contention of the plurality of communication sites, and other communication sites in the plurality of communication sites are common sites, which specifically includes:
when the last control coordination site does not designate the current control coordination site, randomly determining the initial delay time of each communication site counting unit in the plurality of communication sites;
and competing to generate a control coordination site through the plurality of communication sites based on the initial delay time and a binary exponential backoff algorithm, wherein other communication sites in the plurality of communication sites are common sites.
Optionally, the step S3 includes:
analyzing and processing the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy;
generating and sending second synchronous identification information through the control coordination site, so that the plurality of common sites receive and execute second synchronous operation based on the second synchronous identification information;
sending the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy to the plurality of common stations, so that the plurality of common stations perform data transmission based on the synchronous time division multiplexing communication rules and the statistical time division multiplexing communication rules in the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy after performing the second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information; under the requirement of a statistic time division multiplexing communication rule, the common stations communicate with the control coordination station in a channel contention mode.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a communication apparatus of a hybrid time division multiplexing system, where the system includes a plurality of communication stations, and the communication apparatus includes:
the station determining module is used for determining a control coordination station and a plurality of common stations in a plurality of communication stations every a first preset time;
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent;
and the communication strategy acquisition module is used for analyzing and processing the acquired initial information to acquire a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy so as to enable the plurality of common stations to communicate with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy.
Optionally, the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy includes: the method comprises the following steps of common stations corresponding to a TDM time period, the sequence of data transmission of each common station corresponding to the TDM time period, the duration of an STDM time period, and the number of cycles for which the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy lasts.
Optionally, the station determining module includes:
the first synchronization identification information generating unit is used for generating and sending first synchronization identification information every other first preset time length so that the plurality of communication stations receive and execute first synchronization operation based on the first synchronization identification information;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the last control coordination site designates the current control coordination site;
a first station determining unit, configured to send control station acknowledgement information to the plurality of communication stations when a previous control coordination station specifies a current control coordination station, so that the plurality of communication stations form a control coordination station and a plurality of common stations based on the control station acknowledgement information;
and the second station determining unit is configured to generate a control coordination station through contention of the plurality of communication stations when the previous control coordination station does not designate the current control coordination station, where other communication stations in the plurality of communication stations are common stations.
Optionally, the second station determining unit is specifically configured to:
when the last control coordination site does not designate the current control coordination site, randomly determining the initial delay time of each communication site counting unit in the plurality of communication sites;
and competing to generate a control coordination station by the plurality of communication stations based on the initial delay time and a binary exponential backoff algorithm.
Optionally, the communication policy obtaining module includes:
the information analysis processing unit is used for analyzing and processing the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy;
a second synchronization identification information generation unit, configured to generate and send second synchronization identification information by the control coordination site, so that the plurality of common sites receive and perform a second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information;
a communication policy transmitting unit, configured to transmit the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy to the multiple common stations, so that the multiple common stations perform data transmission based on a synchronous time division multiplexing communication rule and a statistical time division multiplexing communication rule in the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy after performing the second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information; under the requirement of a statistic time division multiplexing communication rule, the common stations communicate with the control coordination station in a channel contention mode.
One or more technical schemes provided by the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
in the invention, the communication method flow of the hybrid time division multiplexing system comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites in a plurality of communication sites at intervals of a first preset time length; then, acquiring initial information of the plurality of common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent; and then, analyzing and processing the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy, so that the plurality of common stations communicate with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy. That is to say, by periodically generating a control coordination site and a common site in a plurality of communication sites and controlling and managing the common site through the control coordination site, the communication is performed based on a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy, thereby realizing the flexibility and the variability of a communication network structure, ensuring the continuous and stable work of the communication network, and effectively solving the technical problem that the prior art lacks a communication scheme suitable for a hybrid time division mechanism.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a station of a hybrid time division multiplexing communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a first communication method of a hybrid time division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating channel allocation for a single communication cycle in a hybrid time division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a second communication method of a hybrid time division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a third communication method of a hybrid time division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a fourth communication method of the hybrid time division multiplexing system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of communication phases of a hybrid time division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8A is a block diagram of a first communication device of a hybrid time division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8B is a block diagram of a second communication device of a hybrid time division multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8C is a block diagram of a third communication device of the hybrid time division multiplexing system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8D is a block diagram of a fourth communication device of the hybrid time division multiplexing system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention solves the technical problem of lack of a communication scheme suitable for a hybrid time division mechanism in the prior art by providing a communication method of a hybrid time division multiplexing system, the communication method can be compatible with TDM and STDM, has a flexible network structure, and can ensure stable and uninterrupted network communication.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention has the following general idea:
the embodiment of the invention provides a communication method of a hybrid time division multiplexing system, wherein the system comprises a plurality of communication sites, and the communication method comprises the following steps: determining a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites in the plurality of communication sites every other first preset time; acquiring initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent; analyzing and processing the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy, so that the plurality of common stations communicate with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy.
Therefore, in the scheme of the invention, the control coordination site and the common site are periodically generated in the plurality of communication sites, and the control coordination site is used for controlling and managing the common site so as to enable the common site to communicate based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy, thereby realizing the flexible and variable structure of the communication network, ensuring the continuous and stable work of the communication network, effectively solving the technical problem that the prior art lacks a communication scheme suitable for a hybrid time division mechanism, and laying a foundation for realizing the compatibility of two communication mechanisms of TDM and STDM in a single wireless communication chip and meeting the requirements of users on the communication real-time property and the channel high utilization rate.
In order to better understand the technical solutions, the technical solutions will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments of the specification, and it should be understood that the embodiments and specific features of the embodiments of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited to the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features of the embodiments and examples of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a Hybrid Time Division Multiplexing (HTDM) communication system, which includes a plurality of communication stations, the communication stations including two types of members: a central coordination Control Station (HCS), a harmonic Control Station, and a General Station. In an HTDM system, there is one and only one HCS, and the HCS is used to control a common station in the HTDM communication system to perform data transceiving.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method suitable for a Hybrid Time Division Multiplexing (HTDM) system, where the communication method includes the following steps:
s1, determining a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites in a plurality of communication sites every first preset time;
s2, acquiring initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent; when the step is executed, the plurality of common stations send information to the control coordination station through a Carrier Sense Multiple Access and Collision Avoidance protocol mechanism (CSMA/CA) or a Binary Exponential backoff algorithm mechanism (BEB);
s3, analyzing and processing the collected initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy, so that the plurality of common stations communicate with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy.
The first preset time duration may be a time duration consumed for executing the steps S1 to S3, that is, a time duration of a whole period from the HCS and GS category determination to the end of the communication thereof.
In a specific implementation process, the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy includes: the method includes the steps of synchronizing common stations corresponding to a Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) period, the sequence of data transmission of each common station corresponding to the TDM period, the duration of a Statistical Time Division Multiplexing (STDM) period, and the number of cycles of a hybrid Time Division Multiplexing channel allocation strategy. Specifically, in this embodiment, the HTDM communication system on a single wireless communication chip can be compatible with two communication mechanisms, namely TDM and STDM, and further can meet the technical effects of the requirements of users on the real-time performance of communication and the high utilization rate of channels. In a single communication cycle, the channel allocation effect is achieved as shown in fig. 3, where T is the length of a single time period, Ttd is the duration of a TDM period, and Tstd is the duration of an STDM period. The TDM period may be divided into a plurality of synchronous TDM subintervals with durations Ttd1 Ttdn. The hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy comprises the following steps:
counting the total number n of the GS of the common sites (n is an integer more than or equal to 2);
determining the distribution ratio of Ttd and Tstd in a time period T;
determining the sequence of executing TDM communication and STDM communication;
determining the time length Ttd 1-Ttdn of the TDM time interval divided into n synchronous time division multiplexing sub-time intervals corresponding to n common sites GS;
determining the corresponding relation between n common sites GS 1-GSn and Ttd 1-Ttdn;
sixthly, determining the sequential execution sequence of the Ttd1 to the Ttdn;
and seventhly, carrying out the number of cycles of communication according to the rules determined by the first step to the sixth step, and the like.
During the TDM, each GS in the HTDM system is allocated with a fixed time slot according to the time slot allocation, only the GS corresponding to the time slot can send data in a certain time slot from Ttd1 to Ttdn, and other GS can only receive data; during the STDM, each GS adopts the CSMA/CA algorithm to contend for the channel, GSx (one or more stations of GS1 to GSn) which robs the channel can transmit data, GS which does not rob the channel can only receive data, and when the channel is idle again, each GS which needs to transmit data performs channel contention again.
TDM has advantages of fairness and high efficiency for each station when the amount of data to be transmitted is large, but when the amount of data to be transmitted is small, the GS that needs to transmit data can transmit data only in its corresponding time slot, and the GS that does not transmit data allocates time slots although it does not transmit data, so that the efficiency is low. The STDM has an advantage that when the amount of data to be transmitted is small, channel resources can be fully utilized by contending for the channel, and when the amount of data to be transmitted is large, since each station contends for the channel, collision is easily generated, resulting in transmission errors, and thus transmission efficiency is low. The HTDM system flexibly transfers the occupation ratio of the TDM and the STDM, thereby taking the advantages of TDM and STDM channel transmission into account and realizing the efficient and effective transmission of information in the channel.
In the implementation process, referring to fig. 4, the step S1 includes the sub-steps of:
s11, generating and sending first synchronous identification information every a first preset time length, so that the plurality of communication stations receive and execute first synchronous operation based on the first synchronous identification information; wherein, the first synchronization identification information is generally generated by the HCS, and is generated by one or more GS in special cases, such as when the HCS is not working. After the plurality of communication sites are synchronized, the HCS confirmation and information interaction phase is simultaneously entered. Step S12 is then performed.
S12, judging whether the last control coordination site designates the current control coordination site;
when the last control coordination site designates the current control coordination site, executing step S13; when the last control cooperative station does not specify the current control cooperative station, step S14 is performed.
S13, sending control site confirmation information to the plurality of communication sites, so that the plurality of communication sites form a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites based on the control site confirmation information; only the last HCS in the HTDM system that can send signals at this stage; the control station acknowledgement information is specifically a MAC address of the specified HCS. After receiving the control station confirmation information sent by any previous HCS, each communication station extracts the address information in the control station confirmation information, compares the address information with the address information of the communication station, and if the address information is consistent with the address information of the communication station, the communication station enters an HCS working mode, inherits the characteristics of the HCS and becomes the HCS in the HTDM system in a new round of communication period.
And S14, generating a control coordination station through the competition of the plurality of communication stations, wherein other communication stations in the plurality of communication stations are common stations.
In the implementation process, referring to fig. 5, step S14 includes:
s141, randomly determining the initial delay time of each communication station counting unit in the plurality of communication stations;
and S142, competing and generating a control coordination site through the plurality of communication sites based on the initial delay time and a binary exponential backoff algorithm (BEB), wherein other communication sites in the plurality of communication sites are common sites.
In a specific implementation process, the GS in the HTDM system is changed, and in order to change the channel allocation rule of the HTDM communication system in time after the GS is changed, the step S2 is specifically: and acquiring initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station every a first preset time. After the HCS collects information of each GS, analyzing and processing the collected initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy, including: the sequence and duration of data transmission of each GS are allocated (a TDM mechanism is implemented), the duration of STDM is allocated, and a period duration lasting according to the allocation rule, that is, the first preset duration, is also allocated, so that an excessive communication ratio of information collection preemption is avoided, and the efficiency of data output is effectively improved.
Since the system clock frequencies of the GS may not be completely consistent, and thus the operating time is long, the GS may differentiate different timeslots, and therefore, it is necessary to perform synchronization processing at the beginning of an HTDM period (Tm, m is a positive integer) to calibrate the counter of each station. Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the step S3 includes:
s31, after the HCS collects the information of each GS, analyzing and processing the collected initial information to obtain a mixed time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy;
s32, generating and sending out second synchronous identification information through the control coordination site, so that the plurality of common sites receive and execute second synchronous operation based on the second synchronous identification information;
s33, sending the hybrid tdm channel allocation policy to the common stations, so that the common stations perform data transmission based on the synchronous tdm communication rule and the statistical tdm communication rule in the hybrid tdm channel allocation policy after performing the second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information; under the requirement of a statistic time division multiplexing communication rule, the common stations communicate with the control coordination station in a channel contention mode.
In the implementation process, the structure of a communication system is changed frequently, so that some emergency situations such as the HCS not working, a new station accessing the current network, and the like need to be dealt with.
When the second preset time duration is exceeded and the control coordination site HCS does not generate the second synchronization identification information (usually, the HCS does not work to cause the second synchronization identification information not to be generated), sending third synchronization identification information through at least one communication site of the plurality of common sites GS, so that the plurality of communication sites GS receive and execute a third synchronization operation based on the third synchronization identification information, and re-determining one control coordination site and the plurality of common sites. Each clock cycle T of the plurality of common stations communicating with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy comprises a TDM time period and an STDM time period, and the TDM time period is divided into a plurality of time slots corresponding to a plurality of different time lengths (Ttd 1-Ttdn). The second preset time period may be determined according to different timeslots in the TDM period, and is not specifically limited herein.
When a new communication station is accessed in the hybrid time division multiplexing system, controlling the new communication station to be in a common station mode and a data receiving state; the new communication station waits for the HTDM system to re-enter a phase of determining a control coordination station and a normal station so that it can be added to the HTDM system. When the new communication station receives the first synchronization identification information within a third preset time length, the new communication station is determined to be a common station; and when the third preset time length is exceeded and the new communication station does not receive the first synchronization identification information, generating fourth synchronization identification information through the new communication station, so that the plurality of communication stations receive and execute fourth synchronization operation based on the fourth synchronization identification information, and re-determining a control coordination station and a plurality of common stations. If the first synchronization identification signal is not received for a long time (exceeding a third preset time), it may mean that the HTDM system has a problem, for example, the HCS does not work, or the HTDM system is not constructed, and the new communication station initiates a stage of re-determining the control coordination station and the common station, so as to form the HTDM communication system. The third preset time period may be set to be equal to the first preset time period, and may also be set to other lengths, which is determined according to the application requirement of the communication system, and is not specifically limited herein.
In order to clearly recognize the communication method of this embodiment from the communication phase of the HTDM system, referring to fig. 7, the communication method of the HTDM system is divided into two phases:
the first stage is as follows: and in the HCS identity confirmation and information collection stage, namely HCS Verify, in the stage, the HTDM system generates the HCS according to rules, and the HCS acquires the information of each GS, determines a channel allocation strategy according to a corresponding algorithm and informs each GS of the channel allocation strategy.
And a second stage: data Communication, which is a normal Communication phase, and each GS communicates according to the allocation policy generated by the HCS in (i) to (v).
Wherein:
the first stage is as follows: the HCS Verify phase refers to the HCS confirmation and Information interaction phase, and can be divided into 5 periods, namely, sysschronarization 1, HCS success, HCS script, Information exchange, and Slot Distribution periods. Each HCS Verify is constant and often fixed, ensuring that the task at this stage is completed when the HTDM system accommodates the maximum amount of GS. Wherein:
the Syschronization1 time period corresponds to the above step S11, and is used to synchronize each GS into the HCS acknowledgement and information interaction phase every first preset time period, during which a series of specific periodic signals (i.e. the first synchronization ID information, which is generated by the HCS in general, or the GS in special cases, such as when the HCS is not working) are generated, and when each GS receives the signals, the GS synchronously enters the HCS acknowledgement and information interaction phase. The first preset duration Tround may be set as one or more overall Communication phase durations composed of the HCS Verify phase and the Data Communication phase, and whether one or more overall Communication phase durations are determined by the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy is not specifically limited herein.
The HCS success period corresponds to the above steps S12 and S13, and is used to determine whether the HCS designates the next HCS, only the HCS that is the last HCS in the HTDM transmission and is capable of sending signals at this stage, when the HCS is designated, the HCS transmits the control site acknowledgement information including the address information of the next HCS, and the following HCS score stage is left unused, and after each GS receives the control site acknowledgement information transmitted by the last HCS, the address information in the control site acknowledgement information is extracted and compared with the address information of the own station, and if the address information is consistent, the HCS enters the HCS operating mode. The designated GS can inherit the characteristics of the HCS and becomes the HCS in the HTDM in a new communication cycle; if the last HCS does not specify the next HCS, the HCS success phase is left empty.
The HCS script phase corresponds to the above steps S12 and S14, and is used to determine whether the HCS designates the next HCS, and if the previous HCS does not designate the next HCS, the HCS success phase is left empty, and the HCS script phase is executed at the same time, and each GS contends for selecting the HCS. Specifically, the initial delay time of each is determined by a correlation algorithm, the HCS is generated in a mode of BEB contention selection, and each GS is informed.
The Information exchange period corresponds to the step S2, and is a period when the HCS collects the GS Information, and the Information collection is performed on each GS in the HTDM system by the control coordination site every first preset time period, where the Information includes the number of GS, the MAC address Information of each GS, and whether there is data to be sent or not, and the Information exchange period effectively solves the problem that the channel allocation rule of the HTDM communication system changes in time after the GS changes. In contrast, each GS transmits its own related information in the form of a channel BEB, and in order to ensure that all GS transmit information to the HCS, there is a certain redundancy in this period.
The Slot Distribution time period corresponds to the step S31, and the function of the Slot Distribution time period is that the HCS determines the channel Distribution strategy and notifies each GS, and after the HCS collects the information of each GS, the HCS determines the Distribution mode of each Slot and the number m of cycles of continuous communication according to the mode by using the Distribution algorithm, and broadcasts the channel Distribution strategy to each GS.
And a second stage: data Communication is a Data Communication phase in which the HTDM Communication system completes Data Communication. Still referring to fig. 7, the phase may be divided into m identical communication periods T1-Tm determined by the HCS Verify phase, where m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Specifically, the number of m identical Communication cycles (T1, T2 … Tm), i.e., the number of cycles, is defined by the channel allocation policy in the HCS Verify phase, and the duration of Data Communication is not fixed but is also determined by the channel allocation policy in the HCS Verify phase. Each clock cycle (e.g., Tm) can be divided into three major periods, Syschronization2, TDM, and STDM periods, respectively.
The Syschronization2 time period corresponds to the above step S32 and step S33, and is used to make the synchronization time counters of the GS consistent, and a specific periodic signal (i.e. the second synchronization identification signal is different from the first synchronization identification signal generated in the Syschronization1 time period) is generated in this time period, and when each GS receives the signal, the respective counting units are synchronized, so that each GS can accurately perform information exchange according to the allocation policy.
The TDM period is a period in which GS communicate according to a synchronous time division multiplexing mechanism, and referring to fig. 7, the TDM period is divided into a plurality of slots (Slot 1-Slot) corresponding to a plurality of different time durations (Ttd 1-Ttdn), where n is the number of ordinary sites GS in which the HTDM exists, and in the Slot 1-Slot periods, the corresponding GS performs output transmission according to a channel allocation policy generated in the HCS Verify phase.
The STDM period is a period for statistical time-division-multiplexed mechanism communication, during which each GS communicates in a manner of contending for a channel.
In the specific implementation process, in order to cope with the change of the communication system structure, such as that the HCS does not work, a new station accesses the current network, and the like:
when the HCS in an HTDM communication system suddenly does not work, each GS will not receive the second synchronization identifier information for a long time (exceeding a second preset time limit), and at this time, each GS initiates an HCS Verify phase with a specific algorithm; the second preset time length may be a time length Tround of an HCS Verify phase and a Data Communication phase. The specific algorithm assumptions are: when the GS1 in the Slot allocated to the Slot1 is greater than the t1 interval and does not receive the second synchronization identification signal, the third synchronization identification signal is sent out, and each GS enters the HCS verify stage; when the GS2 in the Slot allocated to the Slot2 is larger than the t2 interval and does not receive the second synchronous identification signal, a third synchronous identification signal is sent out, each GS enters an HCS verify stage, and a new HCS and channel allocation strategy are generated; and the like to form a self-healing system.
When a new communication station is accessed in the hybrid time division multiplexing system, controlling the new communication station to be kept in a common station mode and to be kept in a data receiving state; the new communication site waits for the HTDM system to enter the HCS Verify phase so that it can join the HTDM system. When the new communication station receives the first synchronization identification information within a third preset time length, the new communication station is determined to be a common station; and when the third preset time length is exceeded and the new communication station does not receive the first synchronization identification information, generating fourth synchronization identification information through the new communication station, so that the plurality of communication stations receive and execute synchronization operation based on the fourth synchronization identification information, and re-determining a control coordination station and a plurality of common stations. If the first synchronization identification signal is not received for a long time (exceeding a third preset time), it may mean that the HTDM system has a problem, for example, the HCS does not work, or the HTDM system is not constructed, and the new communication station initiates the HCS Verify phase to form the HTDM communication system. The third preset time period may be set to be equal to the first preset time period, and may also be set to other lengths, which is determined according to the application requirement of the communication system, and is not specifically limited herein.
In summary, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:
(1) the HTDM system communication scheme is compatible with TDM and STDM, realizes compatibility of two communication mechanisms of TDM and STDM in a single wireless communication chip, and further can meet the technical effects of requirements of users on communication real-time performance and channel high utilization rate.
(2) In the HTDM communication system, the HCS is not fixed, each communication site can become the HCS, a self-healing ad hoc network can be formed, and the stability and the continuity of the HTDM communication system are ensured.
(3) The HTDM communication system can be rebuilt under the conditions that the composition structure is changed, the HCS does not work, a new site is accessed and the like through a flexible self-healing mechanism and a flexible processing mode, so that the sites in the communication network are ensured not to interrupt communication.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication apparatus of a Hybrid Time Division Multiplexing (HTDM) system, and please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a Hybrid Time Division Multiplexing (HTDM) communication system, where the system includes a plurality of communication stations, and the communication stations include two types of members: a central coordination Control Station (HCS), a harmonic Control Station, and a General Station. In an HTDM system, there is one and only one HCS, and the HCS is used to control a common station in the HTDM communication system to perform data transceiving.
Referring to fig. 8A, the communication apparatus includes:
the station determining module 81 is configured to determine a control coordination station and a plurality of common stations in the plurality of communication stations every first preset time period;
an information acquisition module 82, configured to acquire initial information of the multiple common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent; when the step is executed, the plurality of common stations send information to the control coordination station through a Carrier Sense Multiple Access and Collision Avoidance protocol (CSMA/CA) mechanism or a Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) mechanism;
a communication policy obtaining module 83, configured to analyze and process the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy, so that the multiple common stations communicate with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy.
In a specific implementation process, the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy includes: the method comprises the following steps of common stations corresponding to a TDM time period, the sequence of data transmission of each common station corresponding to the TDM time period, the duration of an STDM time period, and the number of cycles for which the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy lasts.
In a specific implementation process, referring to fig. 8B, the station determining module 81 includes:
a first synchronization identifier generating unit 811, configured to generate and send first synchronization identifier at intervals of a first preset duration, so that the plurality of communication stations receive and perform a first synchronization operation based on the first synchronization identifier;
a determining unit 812, configured to determine whether a previous control and coordination site designates a current control and coordination site;
a first station determining unit 813 configured to send control station acknowledgement information to the plurality of communication stations when a previous control coordination station specifies a current control coordination station, so that the plurality of communication stations form one control coordination station and a plurality of common stations based on the control station acknowledgement information;
a second station determining unit 814, configured to generate a control coordination station through contention of the plurality of communication stations when the previous control coordination station does not specify the current control coordination station, where other communication stations in the plurality of communication stations are common stations.
The second station determining unit 814 is specifically configured to:
when the last control coordination site does not designate the current control coordination site, randomly determining the initial delay time of each communication site counting unit in the plurality of communication sites;
and competing to generate a control coordination station by the plurality of communication stations based on the initial delay time and a binary exponential backoff algorithm.
In a specific implementation process, the information collecting module 82 is specifically configured to: and acquiring initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station every a first preset time. Therefore, the communication proportion of information collection preemption is avoided from being overlarge, and the data output efficiency is effectively improved.
In a specific implementation process, referring to fig. 8C, the communication policy obtaining module 83 includes:
an information analysis processing unit 831, configured to analyze and process the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy;
a second synchronization identification information generating unit 832 for generating and issuing second synchronization identification information by the control coordination station to enable the plurality of common stations to receive and perform a second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information;
a communication policy sending unit 833, configured to send the hybrid tdm channel allocation policy to the multiple common stations, so that the multiple common stations perform data transmission based on the synchronous tdm communication rule and the statistical tdm communication rule in the hybrid tdm channel allocation policy after performing the second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information; under the requirement of a statistic time division multiplexing communication rule, the common stations communicate with the control coordination station in a channel contention mode.
Still referring to fig. 8C, the communication policy obtaining module 83 further includes:
a third synchronization identifier generating unit 834, configured to send third synchronization identifier information through at least one communication station of the multiple common stations when a second preset duration is exceeded and the control coordination station does not generate the second synchronization identifier, so that the multiple communication stations receive and execute a third synchronization operation based on the third synchronization identifier information, and re-determine a control coordination station and the multiple common stations.
In a specific implementation process, referring to fig. 8D, the communication device further includes:
a new site access control module 84, configured to control a new communication site to be in a normal site mode and in a data receiving state when the new communication site is accessed in the hybrid time division multiplexing system;
a common station determining module 85, configured to determine that the new communication station is a common station when the new communication station receives the first synchronization identifier information within a third preset time period;
a fourth synchronization identifier information generating unit 86, configured to generate fourth synchronization identifier information through the new communication station when the third preset duration is exceeded and the new communication station does not receive the first synchronization identifier information, so that the plurality of communication stations receive and execute a fourth synchronization operation based on the fourth synchronization identifier information, and re-determine a control coordination station and a plurality of common stations.
According to the above description, the communication apparatus of the hybrid time division multiplexing system is used to implement the communication method of the hybrid time division multiplexing system, so the communication apparatus is consistent with one or more embodiments of the communication method, and is not described herein again.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (6)
1. A communication method for a hybrid time division multiplex system, said system comprising a plurality of communication stations, said communication method comprising the steps of:
s1, determining a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites in a plurality of communication sites every first preset time;
s2, acquiring initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent;
s3, analyzing and processing the collected initial information to obtain a mixed time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy, so that the common stations communicate with the control coordination station based on the mixed time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy; wherein the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy comprises: the method comprises the following steps that common stations corresponding to a TDM time period, the sequence of data transmission of each common station corresponding to the TDM time period, the duration of an STDM time period, and the number of cycles for which a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy lasts;
wherein the step S1 includes the sub-steps of:
generating and sending first synchronous identification information every other first preset time length so that the plurality of communication sites receive and execute first synchronous operation based on the first synchronous identification information;
judging whether the last control coordination site designates the current control coordination site;
when the last control coordination site designates the current control coordination site, sending control site confirmation information to the plurality of communication sites, so that the plurality of communication sites form a control coordination site and a plurality of common sites based on the control site confirmation information; and
when the last control coordination site does not designate the current control coordination site, one control coordination site is generated through competition of the plurality of communication sites, and other communication sites in the plurality of communication sites are common sites.
2. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein when the previous control and coordination station does not designate the current control and coordination station, a control and coordination station is generated by contention among the plurality of communication stations, and other communication stations among the plurality of communication stations are common stations, and the method specifically includes:
when the last control coordination site does not designate the current control coordination site, randomly determining the initial delay time of each communication site counting unit in the plurality of communication sites;
and competing to generate a control coordination site through the plurality of communication sites based on the initial delay time and a binary exponential backoff algorithm, wherein other communication sites in the plurality of communication sites are common sites.
3. The communication method of the hybrid time division multiplexing system according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 includes:
analyzing and processing the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy;
generating and sending second synchronous identification information through the control coordination site, so that the plurality of common sites receive and execute second synchronous operation based on the second synchronous identification information;
sending the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy to the plurality of common stations, so that the plurality of common stations perform data transmission based on the synchronous time division multiplexing communication rules and the statistical time division multiplexing communication rules in the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy after performing the second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information; under the requirement of a statistic time division multiplexing communication rule, the common stations communicate with the control coordination station in a channel contention mode.
4. A communications apparatus for a hybrid time division multiplexed system, the system including a plurality of communication stations, the communications apparatus comprising:
the station determining module is used for determining a control coordination station and a plurality of common stations in a plurality of communication stations every a first preset time;
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the initial information of the common stations through the control coordination station; wherein the initial information comprises: the total number of the common stations, the MAC address information of each common station, and whether each common station has data to be sent;
a communication strategy acquisition module, configured to analyze and process the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy, so that the multiple common stations communicate with the control coordination station based on the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy; wherein the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy comprises: the method comprises the following steps that common stations corresponding to a TDM time period, the sequence of data transmission of each common station corresponding to the TDM time period, the duration of an STDM time period, and the number of cycles for which a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy lasts;
the station determination module includes:
the first synchronization identification information generating unit is used for generating and sending first synchronization identification information every other first preset time length so that the plurality of communication stations receive and execute first synchronization operation based on the first synchronization identification information;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the last control coordination site designates the current control coordination site;
a first station determining unit, configured to send control station acknowledgement information to the plurality of communication stations when a previous control coordination station specifies a current control coordination station, so that the plurality of communication stations form a control coordination station and a plurality of common stations based on the control station acknowledgement information;
and the second station determining unit is configured to generate a control coordination station through contention of the plurality of communication stations when the previous control coordination station does not designate the current control coordination station, where other communication stations in the plurality of communication stations are common stations.
5. The communication apparatus of a hybrid time division multiplexing system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second site determining unit is specifically configured to:
when the last control coordination site does not designate the current control coordination site, randomly determining the initial delay time of each communication site counting unit in the plurality of communication sites;
and competing to generate a control coordination station by the plurality of communication stations based on the initial delay time and a binary exponential backoff algorithm.
6. The communications apparatus of a hybrid time division multiplexing system of claim 4 wherein the communication policy acquisition module comprises:
the information analysis processing unit is used for analyzing and processing the acquired initial information to obtain a hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation strategy;
a second synchronization identification information generation unit, configured to generate and send second synchronization identification information by the control coordination site, so that the plurality of common sites receive and perform a second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information;
a communication policy transmitting unit, configured to transmit the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy to the multiple common stations, so that the multiple common stations perform data transmission based on a synchronous time division multiplexing communication rule and a statistical time division multiplexing communication rule in the hybrid time division multiplexing channel allocation policy after performing the second synchronization operation based on the second synchronization identification information; under the requirement of a statistic time division multiplexing communication rule, the common stations communicate with the control coordination station in a channel contention mode.
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| US6760308B1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2004-07-06 | Bitbytebit Information Services, Inc. | Adaptive transmission in multi-access asynchronous channels |
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| US6240094B1 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2001-05-29 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Statistical time division multiplexer for a wireless asymmetric local loop communication system |
| CN103703702A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2014-04-02 | 应美盛股份有限公司 | System, apparatus, and method for time-division multiplexed communication |
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