CN110782253A

CN110782253A - Transaction processing method, device and equipment based on block chain

Info

Publication number: CN110782253A
Application number: CN201911054159.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗梓源; 柳林东
Original assignee: Alipay Hangzhou Information Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Alipay Hangzhou Information Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-31
Filing date: 2019-10-31
Publication date: 2020-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-31
Also published as: CN110782253B; CN114819958A

Abstract

The embodiment of the specification provides a transaction processing method, a device and equipment based on a block chain, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a block chain node receives a transaction processing request sent by terminal equipment of a first user; the transaction processing request is sent after the first user submits the transaction data to be processed to the second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user; calling an intelligent contract in a block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data, and determining whether to perform prompt operation according to the detected processing state and the current time; and when the prompt time determined based on the time information included in the transaction processing request is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, the intelligent contract is set to perform prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

Description

Transaction processing method, device and equipment based on block chain

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of blockchain technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a device for processing transactions based on blockchains.

Background

Supply chain finance is a financial model for banking and other financial institutions to associate core enterprises with upstream and downstream suppliers to provide flexible access to financial products and services. In supply chain finance, timeliness is a concern, for example, when a core enterprise submits an account to a supplier, if the supplier fails to receive the account within an agreed time limit, a transaction failure may result, which not only causes trouble to the core enterprise, but also easily causes liquidity asset loss. In this regard, core enterprises and suppliers are usually equipped with specially-assigned persons to monitor the time limit, however, the manual monitoring not only risks error, but also consumes a lot of manpower and time when the transaction volume is large.

Disclosure of Invention

One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a blockchain-based transaction processing method, which is applied to a blockchain node, and includes receiving a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user. The transaction processing request is sent for the first user after submitting the transaction data to be processed to a second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user. The transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting the second user to process transaction data. And calling an intelligent contract in the block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data. And determining whether to perform prompt operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract. And when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, performing prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a blockchain-based transaction processing apparatus applied to a blockchain node. The apparatus includes a receiving module that receives a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user. The transaction processing request is sent for the first user after submitting the transaction data to be processed to a second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user. The transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting the second user to process transaction data. The device also comprises a detection module which calls the intelligent contract in the block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data. The device also comprises a prompting module which determines whether to perform prompting operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract. And when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, performing prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a blockchain-based transaction processing device. The apparatus includes a processor. The apparatus also comprises a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions. The computer-executable instructions, when executed, cause the processor to receive a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user. The transaction processing request is sent for the first user after submitting the transaction data to be processed to a second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user. The transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting the second user to process transaction data. And calling an intelligent contract in the block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data. And determining whether to perform prompt operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract. And when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, performing prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a storage medium. The storage medium is used to store computer-executable instructions. The computer-executable instructions, when executed, receive a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user. The transaction processing request is sent for the first user after submitting the transaction data to be processed to a second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user. The transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting the second user to process transaction data. And calling an intelligent contract in the block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data. And determining whether to perform prompt operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract. And when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, performing prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments or prior art solutions of the present specification, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present specification, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a scenario of a transaction processing method based on a blockchain according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a first flowchart of a method for processing transactions based on blockchains according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a second flowchart of a transaction processing method based on a blockchain according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a third flowchart of a transaction processing method based on a blockchain according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a fourth flowchart of a transaction processing method based on a blockchain according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a fifth flowchart of a transaction processing method based on a blockchain according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a block diagram of a block chain based transaction processing device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a transaction processing device based on a blockchain according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art from one or more of the embodiments described herein without making any inventive step shall fall within the scope of protection of this document.

One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a method, an apparatus, and a device for transaction processing based on a block chain, where after a first user submits transaction data to a second user, a transaction processing request is sent to a block link point, so that the block link point can automatically detect a processing state and a current time of the transaction data based on an intelligent contract, and when it is determined that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state and reaches a prompt time, a prompt operation is performed to prompt the second user to process the transaction data. Therefore, the processing state and time of the transaction data are automatically monitored and prompt operation is automatically executed based on the intelligent contract, so that the transaction is favorably and smoothly carried out, human participation is not needed, human resources are saved, and the monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a transaction processing method based on a blockchain according to one or more embodiments of the present specification, as shown in fig. 1, the scenario includes: the terminal equipment of the first user, the terminal equipment of the second user and the block link point of the access block chain; the terminal equipment of the first user and the terminal equipment of the second user can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a portable notebook computer and the like; and the terminal equipment of the first user and the terminal equipment of the second user are in communication connection with the block link nodes through a wireless network.

Specifically, after a first user operates a terminal device of the first user to submit transaction data to a terminal device of a second user, the first user operates the terminal device of the first user to send a prompt processing request to the terminal device; the method comprises the steps that a terminal device of a first user responds to a prompt processing request of the first user and sends a transaction processing request to a block chain node, wherein the transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting a second user to process transaction data; after receiving the transaction processing request, the block chain nodes call intelligent contracts in the block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data; whether prompt operation is carried out is determined according to the processing state of the transaction data and the current time based on the intelligent contract; and when the prompt time determined based on the time information included in the transaction processing request is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, the intelligent contract is set to perform prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data. Therefore, the processing state and time of the transaction data are automatically detected and prompt operation is automatically executed based on the intelligent contract, so that the transaction is favorably and smoothly carried out, human participation is not needed, human resources are saved, and the monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Based on the application scenario architecture, one or more embodiments of the present specification provide a transaction processing method based on a blockchain; fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a block chain based transaction method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, where the method in fig. 2 can be performed by the block chain node in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 2, and the method includes the following steps:

step S102, receiving a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user; the transaction processing request is sent after the first user submits the transaction data to be processed to the second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user; the transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting the second user to process transaction data;

as an example, the time information includes a submission time for the first user to submit the transaction data to be processed to the second user, so that the block link point determines a prompt time for prompting the second user to process the transaction data according to the submission time and a preset processing time limit; as another example, the time information includes a commit time at which the first user submitted the transaction data to be processed to the second user and a first user-specified processing deadline, such that the tile link point determines a prompt time to prompt the second user for transaction data processing based on the commit time and the first user-specified processing deadline; as another example, the time information includes a first user-specified reminder time, and the tile link node determines the first user-specified reminder time as a reminder time to remind the second user of the transaction data processing.

It should be noted that in different scenarios, the transaction processing request may further include other transaction-related information, for example, in a scenario where the core enterprise user issues accounts to the provider user, the transaction processing request may further include user information of the core enterprise user, user information of the provider user, an amount of the account, and other information; for another example, in a scenario of transferring a transaction credential between provider users, the transaction processing request may further include user information of a credential transfer-out provider user, user information of a credential transfer-in provider user, an account amount corresponding to the credential, and other information.

Step S104, calling an intelligent contract in a block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data;

step S106, determining whether to perform prompt operation according to the detected processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract; and the intelligent contract is set to perform prompting operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data when the prompting time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state.

In one or more embodiments of the present specification, after a first user submits transaction data to a second user, a transaction processing request is sent to a block node, so that the block node can automatically detect a processing state and a current time of the transaction data based on an intelligent contract, and when it is determined that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state and the current time reaches a prompt time, a prompt operation is automatically performed to prompt the second user to process the transaction data. Therefore, the processing state and time of the transaction data are automatically monitored and prompt operation is automatically executed based on the intelligent contract, so that the transaction is favorably and smoothly carried out, human participation is not needed, human resources are saved, and the monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved.

In order to facilitate the detection of the processing state of the transaction data by the block link node, in one or more embodiments of the present specification, the block link node further generates first transaction record information after receiving the transaction processing request, and generates second transaction record information when receiving a feedback message that the transaction data has been processed and is sent by the terminal device of the second user. Specifically, the transaction processing request further includes: the transaction data corresponds to the transaction identification of the transaction; correspondingly, step S102 is followed by:

step A, generating first transaction record information according to the transaction identification and the time information, and storing the first transaction record information into a block chain; and the number of the first and second groups,

and step B, if a feedback message of processed transaction data sent by the terminal equipment of the second user is received, generating second transaction record information according to the transaction identifier included in the feedback message, and storing the second transaction record information into the block chain.

Wherein, step A includes: and performing associated recording on the transaction identifier, the time information and the like, and taking the recorded information as first transaction record information. It should be noted that, when the transaction processing request further includes other transaction related information, correspondingly, the first transaction record information may further include the other transaction related information.

By generating the first transaction record information and the second transaction record information and storing the generated transaction record information into the blockchain, the processing state of the corresponding transaction can be determined based on the transaction record information stored in the blockchain, and whether prompt operation is performed or not can be further determined.

In consideration of that prompt times corresponding to different transaction data are often different, in order to ensure that processing states and prompt times of the transaction data are monitored in a targeted manner, in one or more embodiments of the present specification, a corresponding first intelligent contract is deployed for each transaction; specifically, as shown in fig. 3, step S104 further includes, before:

step S103, a first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction is deployed according to the transaction identification and the time information included in the transaction processing request, wherein the first intelligent contract is set to perform prompt operation when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data of the corresponding transaction is in an unprocessed state so as to prompt a second user to process the transaction data of the corresponding transaction;

correspondingly, as shown in fig. 3, step S104 includes:

step S104-2, calling a first intelligent contract to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data;

correspondingly, as shown in fig. 3, step S106 includes:

and step S106-2, determining whether to carry out prompting operation according to the detected processing state and the current time based on the first intelligent contract.

The first intelligent contracts corresponding to the transactions one by one are deployed, so that the processing state and the prompting time of the corresponding transactions can be detected in a targeted manner.

Considering that in practical applications, the time information may be a prompt time, and may also be information related to the prompt time, such as a submission time when the first user submits the transaction data to the second user, and the like, the step S103 deploys the first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction according to the transaction identifier and the time information included in the transaction processing request, and includes:

step C2, determining the prompting time according to the time information included in the transaction processing request;

as described above, the specific content of the time information can be set by itself in practical application according to the need. As an example, when the time included in the transaction processing request is the prompt time, the time is determined as the prompt time for prompting the second user to perform the transaction data processing; as another example, when the transaction processing requests the first user to submit the transaction data to the second user's submission date and the processing deadline specified by the first user, the reminder time is calculated based on the submission date and the processing time, and if the submission date is 2019, 10, 15 days and the processing deadline is 10 days, the reminder time is determined to be 2019, 10, 25 days. Various forms of the time information and corresponding ways of determining the prompting time are not exemplified in the present specification, and are all within the protection scope of this document.

And step C4, deploying the first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction according to the transaction identification included in the transaction processing request and the determined prompt time.

Furthermore, because the first intelligent contract comprises the transaction identifier of the corresponding transaction, the processing state of the corresponding transaction can be rapidly detected according to the transaction identifier; specifically, the step S104-2 of invoking the first smart contract to detect the processing state of the transaction data includes:

calling a first intelligent contract in the block chain, and determining whether corresponding second transaction record information is inquired from the block chain according to a transaction identifier included in the first intelligent contract;

if yes, determining that the transaction data is in a processed state;

if not, determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state.

In the above, by deploying the first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction, automatically detecting the processing state and the prompting time of the corresponding transaction data based on the first intelligent contract, and automatically executing the prompting operation when the processing state of the transaction data is unprocessed and the prompting time is reached so as to prompt the second user to process the transaction data; therefore, human participation is not needed, human resources are saved, monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved, and smooth transaction is facilitated.

Further, in consideration of the strong operation capability of the blockchain node and in order to improve the utilization rate of resources, in one or more embodiments of the present specification, only one intelligent contract may be deployed, and for convenience of differentiation, the intelligent contract is referred to as a second intelligent contract, so as to detect the processing state and the prompt time of the transaction data of all transactions through the second intelligent contract. Furthermore, in practical applications, the time limit requirements of different users are different, and may be 5 days, 10 days, 20 days or more; in order to improve the detection efficiency and avoid repeated detection of the transaction that has been subjected to the prompt operation, repeated detection of the transaction that reaches the prompt time 20 days or longer in the future, and the like, in one or more embodiments of the present specification, the transaction is divided according to the time information included in the transaction processing request, and specifically, step a includes:

step A2, calling a second intelligent contract, and determining a time period corresponding to the transaction according to a preset time period division rule;

the preset time period division rule can be set in practical application according to needs, for example, the month in which the cue time is located is taken as a unit, the time information includes the cue time specified by the first user in 2019, 9, 8 and the corresponding time period is determined to be from 2019, 9, 1 to 2019, 9, 30.

Step A4, generating first transaction record information according to the transaction identification, the time information and the time period.

Specifically, the transaction identifier, the time information and the time period are recorded in an associated manner, and the recorded information is used as first transaction record information. It should be noted that the first transaction record information may also include other transaction related information, such as user information of the first user, user information of the second user, and the like.

By determining the time period corresponding to the transaction, when the processing state of the transaction data is detected, the processing state of the transaction data corresponding to the target time period of the current time can be detected, and the processing states of the transaction data corresponding to all the first record information stored in the block chain do not need to be detected; specifically, as shown in fig. 4, step S104 includes:

step S104-4, a second intelligent contract is called to detect the current time, wherein the second intelligent contract is set to perform prompting operation when the prompting time determined based on the time information of at least one transaction is reached and the transaction data of the at least one transaction is in an unprocessed state so as to prompt a second user corresponding to the at least one transaction to process the corresponding transaction data;

step S104-6, determining a target time period corresponding to the current time;

step S104-8, acquiring target first transaction record information corresponding to a target time period from the block chain;

specifically, the time period in the first transaction record information stored in the block chain is compared with the target time period, and if the comparison is successful, the first transaction record information where the time period which is successfully compared is located is determined as the target first transaction record information.

And step S104-10, detecting the processing state of the transaction data of the transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information.

Specifically, a transaction identifier is obtained from the target first transaction record information, and whether corresponding second transaction record information is inquired from the blockchain or not is determined according to the obtained transaction identifier; if yes, determining that the transaction data of the transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information is in a processed state; if not, determining that the transaction data of the transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information is in an unprocessed state.

Therefore, only the processing state of the transaction data of the transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information is detected, but the processing states of the transaction data of the transactions corresponding to all the first transaction record information stored in the blockchain are not detected, and the detection efficiency is greatly improved.

Because the prompt time of the transaction corresponding to each target first transaction record information is often different, as shown in fig. 4, in one or more embodiments of the present specification, step S106 includes:

step S106-4, acquiring time information from the target first transaction record information based on the second intelligent contract;

step S106-6, determining the prompting time according to the acquired time information;

the specific process of determining the prompting time according to the acquired time information may refer to the foregoing related description, and repeated details are not repeated here.

And S106-8, if the detected processing state is unprocessed and the current time reaches the prompting time, determining to perform prompting operation.

In the above, the second intelligent contract is deployed in the blockchain, the processing states and the prompting time of the transaction data of all transactions are automatically detected based on the second intelligent contract, and when the processing states of the transaction data are unprocessed and the prompting time is up, the prompting operation is automatically executed to prompt the second user to process the transaction data; therefore, human participation is not needed, human resources are saved, monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved, and smooth transaction is facilitated.

On the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, the performing, in step S106, a prompting operation includes:

sending prompt information for processing the transaction data to the terminal equipment of the second user;

specifically, determining user information of a second user, and sending prompt information for processing transaction data to terminal equipment of the second user according to the user information of the second user; the user information includes a contact information of the second user, such as a mailbox, a mobile phone number, an account of an application program, and the like.

Further, when a corresponding first intelligent contract is deployed for each transaction, the user information of the second user may be included in the first intelligent contract or may be included in the first record information, and correspondingly, the user information of the second user is obtained from the first intelligent contract or obtained from the first record information; when the second intelligent contract is deployed to detect the processing states and time of the transaction data of all transactions, the user information of the second user is contained in the first record information, and correspondingly, the user information of the second user is obtained from the first record information.

In a specific embodiment, for each transaction, a corresponding first intelligent contract is deployed, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes:

step S202, receiving a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user; the transaction processing request is sent after the first user submits the transaction data to be processed to the second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user;

step S204, determining the prompting time for prompting the second user to process the transaction data according to the time information included in the transaction processing request;

step S206, a first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction is deployed according to the determined prompt time and the transaction identifier included in the transaction processing request;

step S208, generating first transaction record information according to the time information, the transaction identifier and the user information of the second user included in the transaction processing request, and storing the first transaction record information into the block chain;

step S210, if feedback information of processed transaction sent by the terminal equipment of the second user is received, second transaction record information is generated according to the transaction identifier included in the feedback information, and the second transaction record information is stored in the block chain;

step S212, a first intelligent contract is called to detect the current time, if the current time reaches the prompt time, whether corresponding second transaction record information is inquired from the blockchain according to the transaction identification included in the first intelligent contract is determined, if yes, the transaction data is determined to be in a processed state, the processing is finished, otherwise, the transaction data is determined to be in an unprocessed state, and step S214 is executed;

in practical applications, the prompting time is usually a certain day, such as 10 months and 25 days in 2019; in order to avoid repeated detection of a certain transaction by the blockchain node within the prompt time, the detection time may be preset, and correspondingly, step S212 includes: when the preset detection time is reached, calling a first intelligent contract to detect the current time, if the current time reaches the prompt time, determining whether corresponding second transaction record information is inquired from the block chain according to a transaction identifier included in the first intelligent contract, if so, determining that the transaction data is in a processed state, ending, otherwise, determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, and executing step S214;

the preset detection time is, for example, morning every day, that is, the processing state and the prompt time of the transaction data corresponding to the transaction are detected by calling the first intelligent contract every morning every day, so as to determine whether a second user of the transaction corresponding to the first intelligent contract needs to be prompted on the day.

Step S214, determining the user information of the second user, and sending a prompt message to the terminal equipment of the second user according to the user information of the second user to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

The specific implementation process of step S202 to step S214 may refer to the foregoing related description, and repeated details are not repeated here; it should be noted that the execution sequence of step S210 is not limited to the above sequence, and may be executed before or after any of the above steps.

In another specific embodiment, the second intelligent contract is pre-deployed, as shown in fig. 6, the method includes:

step S302, receiving a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user; the transaction processing request is sent after the first user submits the transaction data to be processed to the second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user;

step S304, calling a second intelligent contract, and determining a time period corresponding to the transaction according to a preset time period division rule and time information included in the transaction processing request;

step S306, generating first transaction record information according to the determined time period, the time information and the transaction identification included in the transaction processing request, and storing the first transaction record information into a block chain;

step S308, if feedback information of processed transaction sent by the terminal equipment of the second user is received, second transaction record information is generated according to the transaction identifier included in the feedback information, and the second transaction record information is stored in the block chain;

step S310, calling a second intelligent contract to detect the current time and determining a target time period corresponding to the current time;

in practical applications, the prompting time is usually a certain day, for example, 10 months and 25 days in 2019; in order to avoid repeated detection of the transaction corresponding to the target time period by the blockchain node within the prompt time, the detection time may be preset, and correspondingly, step S310 includes: when the preset detection time is reached, calling a second intelligent contract to detect the current time, and determining a target time period corresponding to the current time; the preset detection time is, for example, morning every day, that is, the detection operation is performed once in the morning every day, so as to determine whether the transaction for which the current day is the prompt time needs to perform the prompt operation on the corresponding second user.

Step S312, acquiring target first transaction record information corresponding to the target time period from the block chain;

step S314, acquiring time information from the target first transaction record information, and determining prompt time according to the acquired time information;

step S316, determining whether the current time reaches the prompting time, if yes, executing step S318, and if not, returning to step S310;

step S318, acquiring a transaction identifier from the target first transaction record information, determining whether corresponding second transaction record information is inquired from the block chain according to the acquired transaction identifier, if so, determining that the transaction data of the corresponding transaction is in a processed state, if so, determining that the transaction data is in the processed state, and returning to the step S310; otherwise, determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, and executing step S320;

step S320, determining the user information of the second user, and sending a prompt message to the terminal device of the second user according to the user information of the second user, so as to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

The specific implementation process of step S302 to step S320 may refer to the foregoing related description, and repeated details are not repeated here; it should be noted that the execution sequence of step S308 is not limited to the above sequence, and may be executed before or after any of the above steps.

On the basis of the same technical concept, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide a transaction processing apparatus based on a blockchain, corresponding to the transaction processing method based on a blockchain described in fig. 2 to 6. Fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a blockchain-based transaction processing apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus being configured to perform the blockchain-based transaction processing method described in fig. 2 to 6, and as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes:

a receiving module 401, which receives a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user; the transaction processing request is sent after the first user submits the transaction data to be processed to a second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user; the transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting the second user to process transaction data;

a detection module 402, which invokes an intelligent contract in a blockchain to detect a processing state and a current time of the transaction data;

a prompting module 403, which determines whether to perform a prompting operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract; and when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, performing prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

In one or more embodiments of the present description, the processing state and time of the transaction data can be automatically monitored and the prompt operation can be automatically executed based on the intelligent contract, which is not only beneficial to the smooth transaction, but also does not need human participation, thereby saving human resources and improving the monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

Optionally, the transaction processing request further comprises: the transaction data corresponds to a transaction identifier of a transaction; the device further comprises: a first generation module;

the first generating module generates first transaction record information according to the transaction identifier and the time information, and stores the first transaction record information into a block chain; and the number of the first and second groups,

and if a feedback message of processed transaction data sent by the terminal equipment of the second user is received, generating second transaction record information according to a transaction identifier included in the feedback message, and storing the second transaction record information into the block chain.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a deployment module;

the deployment module is used for deploying a first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction according to the transaction identifier and the time information, wherein the first intelligent contract is set to perform prompt operation when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data of the corresponding transaction is in an unprocessed state so as to prompt the second user to process the transaction data of the corresponding transaction;

the detection module 402 is used for calling the first intelligent contract to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data;

the prompting module 403 determines whether to perform a prompting operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the first smart contract.

Optionally, the detecting module 402 invokes a first intelligent contract in a block chain, and determines whether to query, according to a transaction identifier included in the first intelligent contract, corresponding second transaction record information from the block chain;

if yes, determining that the transaction data is in a processed state;

if not, determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state.

Optionally, the deployment module determines the prompt time according to the time information; and the number of the first and second groups,

and deploying a first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction according to the transaction identifier and the prompt time.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a second generation module;

the second generation module calls a second intelligent contract and determines a time period corresponding to the transaction according to a preset time period division rule; and the number of the first and second groups,

and generating first transaction record information according to the transaction identification, the time information and the time period.

Optionally, the detecting module 402 is configured to invoke the second intelligent contract to detect current time, where the second intelligent contract is set to perform a prompt operation to prompt a second user corresponding to at least one transaction to process corresponding transaction data when a prompt time determined based on the time information of the at least one transaction is reached and the transaction data of the at least one transaction is in an unprocessed state; and the number of the first and second groups,

determining a target time period corresponding to the current time;

acquiring target first transaction record information corresponding to the target time period from the block chain;

and detecting the processing state of the transaction data of the transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information.

Optionally, the detecting module 402 obtains a transaction identifier from the target first transaction record information; and the number of the first and second groups,

determining whether corresponding second transaction record information is inquired from the block chain according to the acquired transaction identification;

if yes, determining that the transaction data of the transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information is in a processed state;

if not, determining that the transaction data of the transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information is in an unprocessed state.

Optionally, the prompting module 403 obtains the time information from the target first transaction record information based on the second smart contract; and the number of the first and second groups,

determining the prompt time according to the acquired time information;

and if the processing state is unprocessed and the current time reaches the prompt time, determining to perform prompt operation.

Optionally, the prompt module 403 sends a prompt message for processing the transaction data to the terminal device of the second user.

The transaction processing apparatus based on the blockchain according to one or more embodiments of the present specification can automatically detect a processing state and a current time of transaction data corresponding to a transaction based on an intelligent contract when receiving a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user, and automatically perform a prompt operation to prompt a second user to process the transaction data when determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state and the current time reaches a prompt time. Therefore, the processing state and time of the transaction data are automatically monitored and prompt operation is automatically executed based on the intelligent contract, so that the transaction is favorably and smoothly carried out, human participation is not needed, human resources are saved, and the monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved.

It should be noted that, the embodiment of the transaction processing apparatus based on the blockchain in this specification and the embodiment of the transaction processing method based on the blockchain in this specification are based on the same inventive concept, and therefore, specific implementation of this embodiment may refer to implementation of the aforementioned corresponding transaction processing method based on the blockchain, and repeated details are not repeated.

Further, in correspondence to the above block chain based transaction processing method described in fig. 2 to fig. 6, based on the same technical concept, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide a block chain based transaction processing apparatus for performing the above block chain based transaction processing method, and fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a block chain based transaction processing apparatus provided in one or more embodiments of the present specification.

As shown in fig. 8, a blockchain-based transaction processing device may have a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors 501 and a memory 502, where the memory 502 may store one or more stored applications or data. Memory 502 may be, among other things, transient or persistent storage. The application program stored in memory 502 may include one or more modules (not shown), each of which may include a series of computer-executable instructions in a blockchain based transaction processing device. Still further, the processor 501 may be arranged in communication with the memory 502, executing a series of computer executable instructions in the memory 502 on a blockchain based transaction processing device. The blockchain-based transaction processing apparatus may also include one or more power supplies 503, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 504, one or more input-output interfaces 505, one or more keyboards 506, and the like.

In a particular embodiment, a blockchain based transaction processing apparatus includes a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory, and the one or more programs may include one or more modules, and each module may include a series of computer executable instructions for the blockchain based transaction processing apparatus, and execution of the one or more programs by the one or more processors includes computer executable instructions for:

receiving a transaction processing request sent by terminal equipment of a first user; the transaction processing request is sent after the first user submits the transaction data to be processed to a second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user; the transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting the second user to process transaction data;

calling an intelligent contract in a block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data;

determining whether to perform prompt operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract; and when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, performing prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

Optionally, the computer executable instructions, when executed, further comprise: the transaction data corresponds to a transaction identifier of a transaction; the method further comprises the following steps:

generating first transaction record information according to the transaction identification and the time information, and storing the first transaction record information into a block chain; and the number of the first and second groups,

Optionally, when executed, the intelligent contract in the call block chain detects the processing state of the transaction data and before the current time, further comprising:

deploying a first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction according to the transaction identifier and the time information, wherein the first intelligent contract is set to perform prompt operation when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data of the corresponding transaction is in an unprocessed state so as to prompt the second user to process the transaction data of the corresponding transaction;

the intelligent contract in the calling blockchain detects the processing state and the current time of the transaction data, and comprises the following steps:

calling the first intelligent contract to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data;

the determining whether to perform a prompting operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract comprises:

and determining whether to perform prompt operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the first intelligent contract.

Optionally, the computer-executable instructions, when executed, said invoking the first smart contract to detect a processing state of the transaction data, comprise:

calling the first intelligent contract, and determining whether corresponding second transaction record information is inquired from the block chain according to the transaction identifier included by the first intelligent contract;

if yes, determining that the transaction data is in a processed state;

if not, determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state.

Optionally, when executed, the computer-executable instructions, when deploying a first smart contract corresponding to the transaction according to the transaction identifier and the time information, comprise:

determining the prompt time according to the time information;

Optionally, when executed, the computer-executable instructions generate first transaction record information according to the transaction identifier and the time information, including:

calling a second intelligent contract, and determining a time period corresponding to the transaction according to a preset time period division rule;

Optionally, when executed, the intelligent contracts in the call blockchain detect a processing state and a current time of the transaction data, including:

calling the second intelligent contract to detect current time, wherein the second intelligent contract is set to perform prompt operation when prompt time determined based on the time information of at least one transaction is reached and transaction data of the at least one transaction is in an unprocessed state so as to prompt a second user corresponding to the at least one transaction to process corresponding transaction data;

determining a target time period corresponding to the current time;

Optionally, when executed, the detecting a processing state of transaction data of a transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information includes:

acquiring a transaction identifier from the target first transaction record information;

Optionally, when executed, the determining whether to perform a hinting operation based on the smart contract according to the processing state and the current time includes:

acquiring the time information from the target first transaction record information based on the second intelligent contract;

determining the prompt time according to the acquired time information;

Optionally, the performing hinting operations when executed by computer-executable instructions comprises:

and sending prompt information for processing the transaction data to the terminal equipment of the second user.

The transaction processing device based on the blockchain provided in one or more embodiments of the present specification can automatically detect a processing state and a current time of transaction data corresponding to a transaction based on an intelligent contract when receiving a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user, and automatically perform a prompt operation to prompt a second user to process the transaction data when determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state and the current time reaches a prompt time. Therefore, the processing state and time of the transaction data are automatically monitored and prompt operation is automatically executed based on the intelligent contract, so that the transaction is favorably and smoothly carried out, human participation is not needed, human resources are saved, and the monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved.

It should be noted that, the embodiment of the transaction processing device based on the blockchain in this specification and the embodiment of the transaction processing method based on the blockchain in this specification are based on the same inventive concept, and therefore, specific implementation of this embodiment may refer to implementation of the aforementioned corresponding transaction processing method based on the blockchain, and repeated details are not repeated.

Further, in correspondence to the above-mentioned transaction processing method based on blockchain described in fig. 2 to fig. 6, based on the same technical concept, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide a storage medium for storing computer executable instructions, in a specific embodiment, the storage medium may be a usb disk, an optical disk, a hard disk, and the like, and the storage medium stores computer executable instructions, which when executed by a processor, can implement the following processes:

determining whether to perform prompt operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract; and when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, performing prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data. .

Optionally, the storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, further comprise: the transaction data corresponds to a transaction identifier of a transaction; the method further comprises the following steps:

Optionally, the storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, detect a processing status of the transaction data and a current time by a smart contract in the calling blockchain, further comprising:

Optionally, the storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, said invoking said first smart contract to detect a processing state of said transaction data comprises:

if yes, determining that the transaction data is in a processed state;

if not, determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state.

Optionally, the computer-executable instructions stored in the storage medium, when executed by the processor, deploy a first intelligent contract corresponding to the transaction according to the transaction identifier and the time information, including:

determining the prompt time according to the time information;

Optionally, the storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, generate first transaction record information according to the transaction identifier and the time information, including:

Optionally, the storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, detect a processing state and a current time of the transaction data for a smart contract in the call blockchain, including:

determining a target time period corresponding to the current time;

Optionally, the computer-executable instructions stored in the storage medium, when executed by the processor, detect a processing status of transaction data of a transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information, including:

Optionally, the storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, determine whether to perform a hinting operation based on the smart contract based on the processing state and the current time, including:

determining the prompt time according to the acquired time information;

Optionally, the storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform hinting operations, including:

One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are capable of receiving a transaction processing request sent by a terminal device of a first user, automatically detecting a processing state and a current time of transaction data corresponding to a transaction based on a smart contract, and automatically performing a prompt operation to prompt a second user to process the transaction data when it is determined that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state and the current time reaches a prompt time. Therefore, the processing state and time of the transaction data are automatically monitored and prompt operation is automatically executed based on the intelligent contract, so that the transaction is favorably and smoothly carried out, human participation is not needed, human resources are saved, and the monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the storage medium in this specification and the embodiment of the transaction processing method based on the blockchain in this specification are based on the same inventive concept, and therefore, specific implementation of this embodiment may refer to implementation of the aforementioned corresponding transaction processing method based on the blockchain, and repeated parts are not described again.

The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.

In the 30 s of the 20 th century, improvements in a technology could clearly be distinguished between improvements in hardware (e.g., improvements in circuit structures such as diodes, transistors, switches, etc.) and improvements in software (improvements in process flow). However, as technology advances, many of today's process flow improvements have been seen as direct improvements in hardware circuit architecture. Designers almost always obtain the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming an improved method flow into the hardware circuit. Thus, it cannot be said that an improvement in the process flow cannot be realized by hardware physical modules. For example, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is an integrated circuit whose Logic functions are determined by programming the Device by a user. A digital system is "integrated" on a PLD by the designer's own programming without requiring the chip manufacturer to design and fabricate application-specific integrated circuit chips. Furthermore, nowadays, instead of manually making an integrated Circuit chip, such Programming is often implemented by "logic compiler" software, which is similar to a software compiler used in program development and writing, but the original code before compiling is also written by a specific Programming Language, which is called Hardware Description Language (HDL), and HDL is not only one but many, such as abel (advanced Boolean Expression Language), ahdl (alternate Language Description Language), traffic, pl (core unified Programming Language), HDCal, JHDL (Java Hardware Description Language), langue, Lola, HDL, laspam, hardsradware (Hardware Description Language), vhjhd (Hardware Description Language), and vhigh-Language, which are currently used in most common. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that hardware circuitry that implements the logical method flows can be readily obtained by merely slightly programming the method flows into an integrated circuit using the hardware description languages described above.

The controller may be implemented in any suitable manner, for example, the controller may take the form of, for example, a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro) processor, logic gates, switches, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic controller, and an embedded microcontroller, examples of which include, but are not limited to, the following microcontrollers: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20, and Silicone Labs C8051F320, the memory controller may also be implemented as part of the control logic for the memory. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may thus be considered a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.

The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functions of the units may be implemented in the same software and/or hardware or in multiple software and/or hardware when implementing the embodiments of the present description.

One skilled in the art will recognize that one or more embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, one or more embodiments of the present description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The description has been presented with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the description. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.

It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

One or more embodiments of the present description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. One or more embodiments of the specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The above description is only an example of this document and is not intended to limit this document. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art from this document. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. which come within the spirit and principle of the disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of this document.

Claims

1. A transaction processing method based on a block chain is applied to a block chain node and comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, the transaction processing request further comprising: the transaction data corresponds to a transaction identifier of a transaction; the method further comprises the following steps:

3. The method of claim 2, the invoking of the smart contract in the blockchain detecting a processing state of the transaction data and prior to a current time, further comprising:

4. The method of claim 3, the invoking the first smart contract to detect a processing state of the transaction data comprising:

if yes, determining that the transaction data is in a processed state;

if not, determining that the transaction data is in an unprocessed state.

5. The method of claim 3, the deploying a first smart contract corresponding to the transaction in accordance with the transaction identification and the time information, comprising:

determining the prompt time according to the time information;

6. The method of claim 2, said generating first transaction record information from said transaction identification and said time information comprising:

7. The method of claim 6, the invoking of a smart contract in a blockchain detecting a processing state and a current time of the transaction data, comprising:

determining a target time period corresponding to the current time;

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the detecting a processing status of transaction data of a transaction corresponding to the target first transaction record information comprises:

9. The method of claim 7, the determining whether to perform a hinting operation based on the smart contract as a function of the processing state and the current time, comprising:

determining the prompt time according to the acquired time information;

10. The method of any of claims 1-9, the performing a prompt operation, comprising:

11. A transaction processing device based on a blockchain is applied to a blockchain node and comprises:

the system comprises a receiving module, a processing module and a processing module, wherein the receiving module is used for receiving a transaction processing request sent by terminal equipment of a first user; the transaction processing request is sent after the first user submits the transaction data to be processed to a second user, and the transaction data is processed by the second user; the transaction processing request comprises time information, and the time information is used for determining prompt time for prompting the second user to process transaction data;

the detection module is used for calling an intelligent contract in the block chain to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data;

the prompting module is used for determining whether to perform prompting operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the intelligent contract; and when the prompt time determined based on the time information is reached and the transaction data is in an unprocessed state, performing prompt operation to prompt the second user to process the transaction data.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, the transaction processing request further comprising: the transaction data corresponds to a transaction identifier of a transaction; the device further comprises: a generation module;

the generating module generates first transaction record information according to the transaction identifier and the time information, and stores the first transaction record information into a block chain;

the receiving module is also used for receiving a feedback message which is sent by the terminal equipment of the second user and processed by the transaction data;

and the generating module is further used for generating second transaction record information according to the transaction identifier included in the feedback message, and storing the second transaction record information into the block chain.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, the apparatus further comprising: a deployment module;

the detection module is used for calling the first intelligent contract to detect the processing state and the current time of the transaction data;

and the prompting module is used for determining whether to perform prompting operation according to the processing state and the current time based on the first intelligent contract.

14. The apparatus as set forth in claim 12, wherein,

the generation module calls a second intelligent contract and determines a time period corresponding to the transaction according to a preset time period division rule; and the number of the first and second groups,

and generating second transaction record information according to the transaction identification, the time information and the time period.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first and second electrodes are disposed on opposite sides of the substrate,

the detection module is used for calling the second intelligent contract to detect the current time, wherein the second intelligent contract is set to perform prompt operation when the prompt time determined based on the time information of at least one transaction is reached and the transaction data of the at least one transaction is in an unprocessed state so as to prompt a second user corresponding to the at least one transaction to process the corresponding transaction data; and the number of the first and second groups,

determining a target time period corresponding to the current time;

16. A blockchain-based transaction processing device comprising:

a processor; and the number of the first and second groups,

a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:

17. A storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that when executed implement the following: