CN110767344B - Light control system and method based on vector light field - Google Patents
Light control system and method based on vector light field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110767344B CN110767344B CN201910999524.9A CN201910999524A CN110767344B CN 110767344 B CN110767344 B CN 110767344B CN 201910999524 A CN201910999524 A CN 201910999524A CN 110767344 B CN110767344 B CN 110767344B
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- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/006—Manipulation of neutral particles by using radiation pressure, e.g. optical levitation
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- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/06—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diffraction, refraction or reflection, e.g. monochromators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light control system based on a vector light field, which comprises: the device comprises a vector light field generating unit, a light control testing unit and an imaging observation unit for observing light vectors; the light control test unit comprises a lighting source, a three-dimensional moving platform, a light control sample, a dichroic mirror and an objective lens; the light manipulation sample is arranged on a three-dimensional moving platform; the illumination light source is arranged above the three-dimensional moving platform and aligned with the light manipulation sample; the vector light field generating unit comprises a helium-neon laser, a Q-plate, a first attenuation sheet and an anisotropic crystal which are sequentially arranged along a horizontal axis. The invention translates the particles to the focused vector light beam, and the vector light beam carrying the angular momentum acts on the particles with the separated orbital angular momentum, thereby realizing the efficient and flexible control of the particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectrons, in particular to a light control system and a light control method based on a vector light field.
Background
Since the 60 s of the 20 th century, the invention of laser provides an ideal coherent light source for scientists to research the interaction process of light and substances, and meanwhile, the appearance of laser is an important foundation for the birth of optical micro-manipulation technology. As early as 1970, a researcher a.ashkin successfully captured minute particles in water at a focal point by superimposing two coherent and oppositely transmitted focused light beams, and the research result shows that the minute particles are captured by using a focused light field for the first time, so that the behavior of controlling the minute particles is further realized. In 1986, a.ashkin further realized the capture of medium particles in a solution by using a single focused laser beam, and this result marked the emergence of optical micromanipulation technology. With the deepening of scientific research and the development of scientific technology, the optical manipulation technology has produced important applications in various fields such as optics, biomedicine, material science, nano science and the like. It is worth mentioning that a.ashkin is awarded the 2018 nobel prize in physics due to its contribution in optical tweezers technology.
The principle of the optical manipulation technology proposed by ashkin is that an optical potential well is formed by focusing an optical field, and tiny particles are stably bound in the center of the optical field due to the attraction of the optical potential well force, so that the particles are captured. In fact, in addition to using the intensity variation of the optical field to manipulate the tiny particles, people can also manipulate the particles by introducing the angular momentum of the optical field. As is known, spin and orbital angular momenta are two fundamental properties of an optical field, where the spin angular momentum is related to the polarization of the optical field, e.g. a left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized optical field, each photon being able to carry h or-h angular momentum; while orbital angular momentum is related to the helical wavefront of the optical field, which has an orientation-dependent property of the optical phase. The previous research results show that when an optical field carrying angular momentum interacts with a micro-particle, the spin angular momentum of the optical field can make the particle rotate around the rotation axis of the particle, and under the action of the orbital angular momentum, the micro-particle can rotate around the center of the optical axis. It can be seen that the introduction of angular momentum can drive the rotation of the particles, providing a new way for manipulating the particles. However, most of the current optical manipulation techniques rely mainly on scalar light fields, i.e. light fields with spatially uniform polarization states. However, the traditional light control technology of the scalar light field has the defects of large dependence on light intensity, monotonous control mode, low degree of freedom and the like, and the control system is large and the integration level is low.
In recent years, the knowledge of light has no longer been limited to scalar light fields with spatially uniform polarization states. Since the Snitzer theoretically proposed the basic concept of vector light field in 1961, researchers slowly turned their eyes from scalar light field to vector light field, which is a structured light field with spatially non-uniform polarization state. The unique polarization state distribution has a plurality of novel physical properties and has important research significance and potential value in a plurality of scientific fields such as particle capture, optical communication, super resolution and the like.
Therefore, there is a need in the industry to develop a light manipulation technology based on a vector light field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a vector light field-based optical manipulation system and method for performing optical manipulation on CuO particles by utilizing a vector light field carrying angular momentum.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a vector light field based light manipulation system comprising: the device comprises a vector light field generating unit, a light control testing unit and an imaging observation unit for observing light vectors; the light control test unit comprises a lighting source, a three-dimensional moving platform, a light control sample, a dichroic mirror and an objective lens; the light manipulation sample is arranged on a three-dimensional moving platform; the illumination light source is arranged above the three-dimensional moving platform and aligned with the light manipulation sample; the vector light field generating unit comprises a helium-neon laser, a Q-plate, a first attenuation sheet and an anisotropic crystal which are sequentially arranged along a horizontal axis, the Q-plate is connected with an oscilloscope, a Gaussian beam output by the helium-neon laser sequentially passes through the Q-plate, the first attenuation sheet and the anisotropic crystal to generate a vector light field carrying angular momentum, the vector light field is reflected by a dichroic mirror and then collimated to enter an objective lens, the collimated light field is focused on a light control sample through the objective lens to carry out light control on the light control sample, the illumination light source irradiates the light control sample, and the illumination light source acquires images through an imaging observation unit after the illumination light control sample is transmitted.
Preferably, the imaging observation unit includes: the device comprises a cylindrical mirror, a reflecting mirror, a second attenuation sheet and a CCD camera; the illumination light source is transmitted by the light control sample, then passes through the objective lens and the dichroic mirror, then enters the cylindrical mirror, passes through the reflector and the second attenuation sheet, and then enters the CCD camera, and the CCD camera is connected with the computer.
Preferably, the anisotropic crystal used is a birefringent crystal.
Preferably, the birefringent crystal is a positively birefringent crystal or a negatively birefringent crystal.
Preferably, the photo-manipulated sample is a CuO solution, which is placed between two glass slides.
A light manipulation method based on the light manipulation system based on the vector light field includes:
s1, manufacturing a light control sample with preset concentration;
s2, the helium-neon laser outputs a Gaussian beam, the Gaussian beam generates a vector light field through the electrified Q-plate, the vector light field induces spin angular momentum and orbit angular momentum with equal absolute values and opposite signs through an anisotropic crystal, and the vector light field carrying the angular momentum is reflected by a dichroic mirror and then collimated and incident into an objective lens;
s3, placing the light manipulation sample on a sample table of a three-dimensional moving platform, and turning on an illumination light source to irradiate the light manipulation sample; meanwhile, the vector light field focused by the objective lens is focused on the light manipulation sample, and the light manipulation sample is subjected to light manipulation;
and S4, the illumination light source is transmitted by the light control sample and then is imaged by the imaging observation unit.
Preferably, step S1 includes: adding micron CuO particles and appropriate amount of distilled water into a test tube, stirring to fully mix the CuO particles and the distilled water, and moving liquid gun to an area of 1 × 1cm2The prepared microparticle solution was dropped on a slide glass having a thickness of 0.1mm, and the slide glass containing the solution was covered with a slide glass having the same specification.
Preferably, step S3 further includes: and adjusting a spiral shaft of the three-dimensional moving platform, slowly translating the particles of the light control sample to the light spot center of the vector light field, and enabling the vector light field to act on the particles to rotate the particles.
Preferably, in step S2, an oscilloscope is connected to the Q-plate, and the oscilloscope outputs a rectangular wave of 5V and a frequency of 50% to the Q-plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
in the scheme, a Gaussian beam emitted by a helium-neon laser generates a vector beam through a Q-plate added with voltage, and the total momentum of the vector beam is zero because the vector light field is linearly polarized at any position in space. However, when such a vector optical field interacts with an anisotropic crystal, the spins of the optical field interact with the orbitals, inducing spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum of equal absolute value and opposite sign. At the moment, the particles are translated to the focused vector light beams, and the vector light beams act on the particles through the separated orbital angular momentum, so that the particles are efficiently and flexibly controlled, and the method has high use value and significance and is expected to be widely applied.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light manipulation system based on a vector light field according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the light manipulation method based on the vector light field according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the light spot of the vector light field generated by Q-plate of the Gaussian beam of the present invention.
Fig. 4(a) is a picture of a clockwise rotation process in a light manipulation system, which is taken at 0.2s, of CuO particles of the present invention.
Fig. 4(b) is a picture of the CuO particles of the present invention taken at 0.4s during clockwise rotation in a light manipulation system.
Fig. 4(c) is a picture of the CuO particles of the present invention taken at 0.6s during clockwise rotation in a light manipulation system.
Fig. 4(d) is a picture of the CuO particles of the present invention taken at 0.8s during clockwise rotation in a light manipulation system.
Fig. 4(e) is a picture of a clockwise rotation process in a light manipulation system, which is taken at 1.0s of the CuO particles of the present invention.
Fig. 4(f) is a picture of the CuO particles of the present invention taken at 1.2s during clockwise rotation in a light manipulation system.
Fig. 5(a) is a picture of a counterclockwise rotation process in a light manipulation system, which is taken at 0.2s, of CuO particles of the present invention.
Fig. 5(b) is a picture of the CuO particles of the present invention taken at 0.4s during counterclockwise rotation in a light manipulation system.
Fig. 5(c) is a picture of a counterclockwise rotation process in a light manipulation system, taken at 0.6s, of CuO particles of the present invention.
Fig. 5(d) is a picture of the CuO particles of the present invention taken at 0.8s during counterclockwise rotation in a light manipulation system.
Fig. 5(e) is a picture of a counterclockwise rotation process in a light manipulation system, which is taken at 1.0s of the CuO particles of the present invention.
Fig. 5(f) is a picture of a counterclockwise rotation process in a light manipulation system, taken at 1.2s, of CuO particles of the present invention.
Fig. 6(a) is a photograph taken at 0.2s of the CuO particles of the present invention in a non-light state.
Fig. 6(b) is a photograph taken at 0.4s of the CuO particles of the present invention in a non-light state.
Fig. 6(c) is a photograph taken at 0.6s of the CuO particles of the present invention in a non-light state.
Fig. 6(d) is a photograph taken at 0.8s of the CuO particles of the present invention in a non-light state.
Fig. 6(e) is a photograph taken at 1.0s of the CuO particles of the present invention in a non-light state.
Fig. 6(f) is a photograph taken at 1.2s of the CuO particles of the present invention in a non-light state.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a light manipulation system based on a vector light field includes: the device comprises a vector light field generating unit, a light control testing unit and an imaging observation unit for observing light vectors; the light control test unit comprises a lighting source 5, a three-dimensional moving platform (not shown in the figure), a light control sample 6, a dichroic mirror 8 and an objective lens 7; the light manipulation sample 6 is arranged on a three-dimensional moving platform; the illumination light source 5 is arranged above the three-dimensional moving platform and aligned with the light manipulation sample 6; the vector light field generating unit comprises a helium-neon laser 1, a Q-plate2, a first attenuation sheet 3 and an anisotropic crystal 4 which are sequentially arranged along a horizontal axis, the Q-plate2 is connected with an oscilloscope, a Gaussian beam output by the helium-neon laser 1 sequentially passes through the Q-plate2, the first attenuation sheet 3 and the anisotropic crystal 4 to generate a vector light field carrying angular momentum, the vector light field is reflected by a dichroic mirror 8 and then collimated and enters an objective lens 7, the vector light field is focused on a light control sample 6 through the objective lens 7 to carry out light control on the light control sample 6, the illumination light source 5 irradiates the light control sample 6, and the light control sample 6 is transmitted by the light control sample 6 and then is collected and imaged by an imaging observation unit.
In this embodiment, the imaging observation unit includes: a cylindrical mirror 9, a reflecting mirror 10, a second attenuation sheet 11 and a CCD camera 12; the illumination light source 5 is transmitted by the light control sample 6, then passes through the objective lens 7 and the dichroic mirror 8, then enters the tube mirror 9, enters the CCD camera 12 after passing through the reflector 10 and the second attenuation sheet 11, and the CCD camera 12 is connected with the computer.
In the present embodiment, the anisotropic crystal 4 used is a birefringent crystal. The birefringent crystal is a positively birefringent crystal. The vector light beam (vector light field) vertically enters the anisotropic crystal 4, the anisotropic crystal 4 is parallel to the direction of the vector light beam, the light field induces the spin-orbit interaction in the crystal, and the light field emitted from the crystal carries the optical angular momentum. The vector light spots are focused by the microscope objective 7, so that the energy of the light spots is concentrated. As another possible embodiment, the birefringent crystal is a negatively birefringent crystal.
In this example, the photo-manipulated sample 6 is a CuO solution, which is placed between two glass slides.
The dichroic mirror 8 plays a role in filtering, reflects light with a wavelength of more than 550nm, transmits light with a wavelength of less than 550nm, and filters vector beams reflected by the objective lens 7, so that the CCD background field of view is clear; the CCD camera 12 is used to record the movement state of the particles in the light manipulation sample 6. The Q-plate2 is utilized to generate the vector light field, and the quality of the vector light field can be effectively adjusted by adjusting the output voltage of the oscilloscope as the Q-plate2 is connected with the oscilloscope. The objective lens 7 is a microscope objective lens 7, and the microscope objective lens 7 is used for focusing vector light spots so as to concentrate the energy of the light spots.
Referring to fig. 2, a light manipulation method of the light manipulation system based on the vector light field includes:
s1, making a light manipulation sample 6 of a preset concentration; concretely, micron-sized CuO particles and a proper amount of distilled water are added into a test tube, stirred to fully mix the CuO particles and the distilled water, and a pipette is used to move the CuO particles to an area of 1 × 1cm2The prepared microparticle solution was dropped on a slide glass having a thickness of 0.1mm, and the slide glass containing the solution was covered with a slide glass having the same specification.
S2, the helium-neon laser 1 outputs a Gaussian beam, the Gaussian beam generates a vector light field through the electrified Q-plate2, the vector light field induces spin angular momentum and orbit angular momentum with equal absolute values and opposite signs through the anisotropic crystal 4, and the vector light field carrying the angular momentum is reflected by the dichroic mirror 8 and then collimated and incident into the objective lens 7; in step S2, the oscilloscope was connected to the Q-plate2, and the oscilloscope outputted a rectangular wave of 5V and 50% frequency to the Q-plate 2. The power of the helium-neon laser 1 is 10 mW.
S3, placing the light manipulation sample 6 on a sample stage of a three-dimensional moving platform, and turning on an illumination light source 5 to irradiate the light manipulation sample 6; meanwhile, the vector light field focused by the objective lens 7 is focused on the light manipulation sample 6, and the light manipulation sample 6 is subjected to light manipulation; step S3 further includes: and adjusting a spiral shaft of the three-dimensional moving platform, slowly translating the particles of the light control sample 6 to the light spot center of the vector light field, and enabling the vector light field to act on the particles to rotate the particles.
And S4, the illumination light source 5 is transmitted by the light control sample 6 and then is imaged by the imaging observation unit, so that the purpose of observing the rotation state of the light control particles on a computer in real time is realized.
The light control principle based on the vector light field in the scheme is as follows: the vector light field is used as a scalpel, the spin-orbit angular momentum with equal absolute value and opposite sign is induced by the vector light with the total momentum of zero, and the separated orbit angular momentum is acted on the particles by the vector light beam, so that the light control is realized.
Experimental data 1
The CuO particles were photo-manipulated using C-cut positively birefringent crystals (YVO 4). Dropping the prepared CuO particle solution to an area of 1 × 1cm by using a pipette2And covering the solution on a glass slide with the thickness of 0.1mm by using a cover glass with the same specification, fully overlapping the two glass slides, and placing the sample glass slide on a sample table. The collimated 10mW He-Ne laser 1 is started, the oscilloscope connected with the Q-plate2 is started, a 5V rectangular wave with the frequency of 50% is set on the oscilloscope, the OUTPUT button is pressed, the CCD camera 12 is used for observing the vector light spot of the laser beam passing through the electrified Q-plate2, and the vector light spot is shown in figure 3. After placing the C-cut positive birefringent crystal (YVO4) on the Q-plate2, the optical axis of YVO4 was made parallel to the light beam and the light beam was perpendicularly incident on the YVO4 crystal by adjusting the three-dimensional moving platform knob. The illumination source 5, the CCD camera 12 and the computer are turned on, the illumination source 5 is placed above the light manipulation sample 6 and most of the light is made to enter the objective lens 7 as far as possible. And opening computer-controlled CCD software, adjusting the distance between the objective lens 7 and the light-operated sample 6, and focusing to enable the CuO particles to present clear images on the CCD. And slowly translating the CuO particles to the center of a reflecting light spot, and setting 100 pictures to be continuously shot on CCD software at an interval of 0.2 s. Fig. 5(a) -5(f) are images of the manipulation of CuO particles at C-cut positive birefringent crystals (YVO4) at 0.2s, 0.4s, 0.6s, 0.8s, 1.0s, and 1.2s, respectively. Fig. 6(a) -6(f) are pictures of CuO particles in the absence of light at 0.2s, 0.4s, 0.6s, 0.8s, 1.0s, and 1.2s, respectively.
The CuO particles were photo-manipulated using a C-cut negative birefringent crystal (BBO). Dropping the prepared CuO particle solution to an area of 1 × 1cm by using a pipette2And covering the solution on a glass slide with the thickness of 0.1mm by using a cover glass with the same specification, fully overlapping the two glass slides, and placing the sample glass slide on a sample table. Starting a collimated 10mW helium-neon laser 1, starting an oscilloscope connected with a Q-plate2, setting a rectangular wave with 5V and 50% of frequency on the oscilloscope, and pressing an OUTPUT according to the formulaThe CCD camera 12 is used to view the vector spot of the laser beam through the energized Q-plate 2. After a negative birefringence crystal (BBO) of the C-cut is placed on the Q-plate2, the optical axis of the BBO is parallel to the light beam by adjusting the knob of the three-dimensional moving platform, and the light beam is vertically incident on the BBO crystal. The illumination source 5, the CCD camera 12 and the computer are turned on, the illumination source 5 is placed above the sample and most of the light is made to enter the objective lens 7 as far as possible. And opening computer-controlled CCD software, adjusting the distance between the objective lens 7 and the sample, and focusing to enable the CuO particles to present clear images on the CCD. And slowly translating the CuO particles to the center of a reflecting light spot, and setting 100 pictures to be continuously shot on CCD software at an interval of 0.2 s. Fig. 4(a) -4(f) are images of the manipulation of 3CuO particles at C-cut negative birefringent crystals (BBO) at 0.2s, 0.4s, 0.6s, 0.8s, 1.0s, and 1.2s, respectively.
In summary, the present disclosure provides a light control system and method based on a vector light field. The vector light with the total momentum of zero induces the spin-orbit angular momentum with equal absolute value and opposite sign, and the vector light is characterized in the particles, efficiently and flexibly controls the movement of the particles, has larger use value and significance, and is expected to be widely applied.
The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A vector light field based light manipulation system, comprising: the device comprises a vector light field generating unit, a light control testing unit and an imaging observation unit for observing light vectors; the light control test unit comprises a lighting source, a three-dimensional moving platform, a light control sample, a dichroic mirror and an objective lens; the light manipulation sample is arranged on a three-dimensional moving platform; the illumination light source is arranged above the three-dimensional moving platform and aligned with the light manipulation sample;
the vector light field generating unit comprises a helium-neon laser, a Q-plate, a first attenuation sheet and an anisotropic crystal which are sequentially arranged along a horizontal axis, the Q-plate is connected with an oscilloscope, a Gaussian beam output by the helium-neon laser sequentially passes through the Q-plate, the first attenuation sheet and the anisotropic crystal to generate a vector light field carrying angular momentum, the vector light field is reflected by a dichroic mirror and then collimated to be incident into an objective lens, the collimated light field is focused on a light control sample by the objective lens to carry out light control on the light control sample, the illumination light source irradiates the light control sample, and the illumination light source acquires and images through an imaging observation unit after the illumination light control sample is transmitted;
the light control sample is a CuO solution, and the CuO solution is placed between two glass slides;
the helium-neon laser outputs a Gaussian beam, the Gaussian beam generates a vector light field through the electrified Q-plate, and the vector light field induces the spin angular momentum and the orbit angular momentum with equal absolute values and opposite signs through the anisotropic crystal.
2. The vector light field-based light manipulation system of claim 1, wherein the imaging observation unit comprises: the device comprises a cylindrical mirror, a reflecting mirror, a second attenuation sheet and a CCD camera;
the illumination light source is transmitted by the light control sample, then passes through the objective lens and the dichroic mirror, then enters the cylindrical mirror, passes through the reflector and the second attenuation sheet, and then enters the CCD camera, and the CCD camera is connected with the computer.
3. The light manipulation system according to claim 1 wherein the anisotropic crystal used is a birefringent crystal.
4. The vector light field-based light manipulation system of claim 3, wherein the birefringent crystal is a positively birefringent crystal or a negatively birefringent crystal.
5. A light manipulation method based on the vector light field based light manipulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
s1, manufacturing a light control sample with preset concentration;
s2, the helium-neon laser outputs a Gaussian beam, the Gaussian beam generates a vector light field through the electrified Q-plate, the vector light field induces spin angular momentum and orbit angular momentum with equal absolute values and opposite signs through an anisotropic crystal, and the vector light field carrying the angular momentum is reflected by a dichroic mirror and then collimated and incident into an objective lens;
s3, placing the light manipulation sample on a sample table of a three-dimensional moving platform, and turning on an illumination light source to irradiate the light manipulation sample; meanwhile, the vector light field focused by the objective lens is focused on the light manipulation sample, and the light manipulation sample is subjected to light manipulation;
and S4, the illumination light source is transmitted by the light control sample and then is imaged by the imaging observation unit.
6. The light manipulation system according to claim 5, wherein step S1 comprises: adding micron CuO particles and appropriate amount of distilled water into a test tube, stirring to fully mix the CuO particles and the distilled water, and moving liquid gun to an area of 1 × 1cm2The prepared microparticle solution was dropped on a slide glass having a thickness of 0.1mm, and the slide glass containing the solution was covered with a slide glass having the same specification.
7. The light manipulation system according to claim 1, wherein step S3 further comprises: and adjusting a spiral shaft of the three-dimensional moving platform, slowly translating the particles of the light control sample to the light spot center of the vector light field, and enabling the vector light field to act on the particles to rotate the particles.
8. The light manipulation system according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the oscilloscope is connected to the Q-plate, and outputs a 5V rectangular wave with a frequency of 50% to the Q-plate.
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