CN110742282A - Method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran and product - Google Patents

Method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran and product Download PDF

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CN110742282A
CN110742282A CN201911039846.5A CN201911039846A CN110742282A CN 110742282 A CN110742282 A CN 110742282A CN 201911039846 A CN201911039846 A CN 201911039846A CN 110742282 A CN110742282 A CN 110742282A
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mixture
dietary fiber
parts
rice bran
wheat bran
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李亚峥
陶敏
毛玲
周明
杨雄振
周波
熊晓燕
詹志春
周樱
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WUHAN SUNHY BIOLOGY CO Ltd
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WUHAN SUNHY BIOLOGY CO Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
    • A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
    • A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
    • A23L29/231—Pectin; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
    • A23L29/269—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of microbial origin, e.g. xanthan or dextran
    • A23L29/27—Xanthan not combined with other microbial gums
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
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    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological feed, and particularly relates to a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing wheat bran and rice bran in proportion to obtain a first mixture; 2) mixing the first mixture with neutral protease, medium-temperature amylase, phytase and water, and performing enzymolysis to obtain a second mixture; 3) dehydrating the second mixture to obtain a secondary enzyme solution and a third mixture; 4) adding the microecological preparation, xylanase, neutral cellulase, xanthan gum and pectin into the third mixture for fermentation to obtain a fourth mixture; and drying the fourth mixture to obtain the dietary fiber. The invention also provides a dietary fiber product and a high-protein high-sugar byproduct prepared by the method. The invention combines an enzyme method and a fermentation method, carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, further improves the purity of dietary fiber and the content of soluble dietary fiber in the product, improves the palatability of the product, and improves the additional value of wheat bran and rice bran.

Description

Method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran and product
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological feed, and particularly relates to a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran and a product.
Background
Wheat is considered one of the most commonly produced grains in the world. Wheat bran has a annual processing yield of over 2 million tons and is an important by-product of the grain industry produced in large quantities worldwide. Wheat resources in China are rich, and about 2000 million tons of bran byproducts exist every year. The full utilization of wheat bran resources in the feed industry is very valuable and is an important alternative resource for relieving the shortage of corns. Currently, wheat bran is mainly used as livestock feed, and only a small amount is sold as commercial bran. The major Dietary Fiber (DF) present in wheat bran is Arabinoxylan (AX), which contains about 70% fiber and is largely insoluble in water and is the major factor affecting nutrient digestibility in monogastric animals. In addition, phytochemicals, minerals and vitamins are concentrated in the bran layer and are associated with the health promoting effects of the cereal Dietary Fiber (DF) complex.
The testa oryzae is the mixture of the milled husk and small amount of embryo and broken rice during the milling process of brown rice. The annual rice yield of China is about 2 hundred million t, about 1800 ten thousand t of rice bran can be obtained after processing, and further research and development of the rice bran are the key points for improving the economic benefit of grain production and the progressive development of grain industry. The rice bran contains 12% -17% of crude protein, 13% -22% of crude fat, 35% -50% of carbohydrate, 23% -32% of dietary fiber and 8% -12% of ash, and also contains rich B vitamins and VE; in addition, the rice bran is rich in physiological active substances such as tocotrienol, lipopolysaccharide, squalene, octacosanol, ceramide and the like, and the active ingredients have strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities and have various health-care functions of regulating blood sugar, regulating cholesterol content, reducing blood fat, preventing fatty liver and cancer and the like. The rice bran dietary fiber has low energy, does not contain cholesterol, has certain water holding, oil holding, thickening, emulsifying and oxidation resisting capabilities, has the effects of increasing satiety, preventing constipation and the like, and is an excellent dietary fiber source.
The bioprocessing process can alter the microstructure and create new interactions between different molecules, thereby increasing the bioacessability and bioavailability of health-promoting compounds, and thus improving the functionality and availability of the starting material. At present, the preparation method of the dietary fiber comprises a chemical method, an enzymatic method and a fermentation method. The chemical method produces a large amount of acid-base waste liquid, which causes environmental pollution. Enzymatic and fermentation processes are the most common methods of improving the nutritional and organoleptic qualities of fiber-rich products. Enzymatic hydrolysis has been used to solubilize Dietary Fiber (DF) and alter the complex structure of the cell wall. Liquid fermentation can improve the nutritional characteristics of the raw materials; however, high moisture content delays drying time and increases bacterial growth.
Therefore, there is a need to design a method and a product for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran as raw materials and adopting a combination of an enzymatic method and a solid state fermentation method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran and a product thereof, wherein enzymolysis and fermentation are organically combined, so that the purity of the dietary fiber and the content of soluble dietary fiber are improved, the palatability of the product is improved, and the additional values of the wheat bran and the rice bran are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing wheat bran and rice bran in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
2) mixing the first mixture with neutral protease, medium-temperature amylase, phytase and water, and performing enzymolysis to obtain a second mixture;
3) dehydrating the second mixture to obtain a secondary enzyme solution and a third mixture;
4) adding the microecological preparation, xylanase, neutral cellulase, xanthan gum and pectin into the third mixture for fermentation to obtain a fourth mixture; and drying the fourth mixture to obtain the dietary fiber.
Further, adding the secondary enzyme solution obtained in the step 3) into the first mixture of the next batch, performing enzymolysis on the first mixture of the next batch to obtain a second mixture of the next batch, and dehydrating the second mixture of the next batch to obtain a third enzyme solution and a third mixture of the next batch; then separating the third enzyme liquid by a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a high-protein high-sugar byproduct.
Further, in the step 1), 1-500 parts by weight of wheat bran and 1-500 parts by weight of rice bran are mixed to obtain a first mixture.
Further, in the step 2), 1-100 parts by weight of the first mixture is mixed with 0.01-1 part by weight of neutral protease, 0.01-1 part by weight of medium temperature amylase, 0.01-1 part by weight of phytase and 1-100 parts by weight of water, so that the water content of the mixed material is controlled at 10-90%, and then the mixed material is subjected to enzymolysis for 4-48 hours at the temperature of 20-80 ℃ to obtain a second mixture.
Further, in the step 3), the moisture content of the obtained third mixture is controlled to be 30-60%, and the dry matter content of the secondary enzyme solution is controlled to be 1-40%.
Further, in the step 4), 0.01-1 part of microecologics, 0.01-1 part of xylanase, 0.01-1 part of neutral cellulase, 0.1-10 parts of xanthan gum, 0.1-10 parts of pectin, 1-100 parts of water and 1-100 parts of the third mixture are mixed according to parts by weight, so that the water content of the mixed materials is controlled to be 1-50%, and then the materials are fermented and cultured for 24-96 hours at the temperature of 20-80 ℃ to obtain a fourth mixture.
Further, the microecological preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.01-1 part of saccharomycete, 0.01-1 part of lactic acid bacteria and 0.01-1 part of talcum powder.
Further, 1-100 parts by weight of the secondary enzyme solution obtained in the step 3) is added into 1-100 parts by weight of the first mixture of the next batch, and the first mixture of the next batch is subjected to enzymolysis.
The invention also provides a dietary fiber product prepared by the method.
The invention also provides a high-protein high-sugar byproduct prepared by the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the wheat bran and the rice bran are compounded and mixed, firstly, crude protein, starch and phytic acid in the wheat bran and the rice bran are subjected to enzymolysis, then, a solid product is obtained through dehydration, and then, a microecological preparation, xylanase, cellulase, xanthan gum and pectin are added into the obtained solid product for fermentation, and finally, the obtained solid product is dried to obtain dietary fibers; not only is enzymolysis and fermentation organically combined, but also impurities such as crude protein, starch, phytic acid and the like and anti-nutritional factors in the mixture can be effectively removed by enzymolysis, and the purity of the dietary fiber is improved; through the fermentation stage, the content of soluble dietary fiber is improved, the palatability of the product is improved, the digestibility of the dietary fiber is improved, the contents of probiotics and probiotics in the dietary fiber are increased, and the functionality of the dietary fiber is increased; meanwhile, the added values of wheat bran and rice bran are improved, and an effectively implementable dietary fiber production method is established;
(2) the dietary fiber product prepared by the method provided by the invention has strong water retention capacity, high content of soluble dietary fiber, is rich in probiotics and has certain functionality;
(3) the secondary enzyme liquid obtained after enzymolysis is added into the first mixture of the next batch for enzymolysis of the first mixture of the next batch, and the obtained tertiary enzyme liquid is subjected to nanofiltration membrane separation to obtain a high-protein high-sugar byproduct, wherein the byproducts are mostly small peptides with low molecular weight and carbohydrates with low molecular weight, and can be used as a high-protein high-calorie feed product.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing wheat bran and rice bran in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
2) mixing the first mixture with neutral protease, medium-temperature amylase, phytase and water, and performing enzymolysis to obtain a second mixture;
3) dehydrating the second mixture to obtain a secondary enzyme solution and a third mixture;
4) adding the microecological preparation, xylanase, neutral cellulase, xanthan gum and pectin into the third mixture for fermentation to obtain a fourth mixture; and drying the fourth mixture to obtain the dietary fiber.
According to the invention, enzymolysis and fermentation are carried out firstly, so that enzymolysis and fermentation are organically combined, impurities such as crude protein, starch, phytic acid and the like and anti-nutritional factors in the mixture are effectively removed after enzymolysis, and the purity of dietary fiber is improved; through the fermentation stage, the content of soluble dietary fiber is improved, the digestibility of the dietary fiber is improved, the contents of prebiotics and prebiotics in the dietary fiber are increased, and the functionality of the dietary fiber is improved; meanwhile, xanthan gum and pectin are added to improve the expansibility and water-holding capacity of the dietary fiber, so that a dietary fiber product which is rich in dietary fiber and good in palatability is obtained; the added values of the wheat bran and the rice bran are also improved, and the method for producing the dietary fiber which can be effectively implemented is established.
Further, in the step 1), 1-500 parts by weight of wheat bran and 1-500 parts by weight of rice bran are mixed, crushed and sieved by a 40-100-mesh sieve to obtain a first mixture. The mesh number of the screen can be selected according to the requirement.
Further, in the above step 2), 1-100 parts by weight of the first mixture of the above step 1) is mixed with 0.01-1 part by weight of a neutral protease, 0.01-1 part by weight of a medium temperature amylase, 0.01-1 part by weight of a phytase, 1-100 parts by weight of water to a moisture content of 10-90% and then enzymatically hydrolyzed at 20-80 ℃ for 4-48 h to obtain a second mixture, the activity of the neutral protease in the second mixture is 50-500U/g, the activity of the medium temperature amylase is 10-100U/g, the activity of the phytase is 1-50U/g, wherein the neutral protease is extracted by fermentation of Bacillus subtilis, is an endo-amylase, which is useful for various protein hydrolysis treatments, the optimum reaction temperature is 45-50 ℃, the optimum reaction pH is 6.8-7.0, the medium temperature amylase is α -amylase, α -amylase, the amylase is a major component of the medium temperature amylase, the medium temperature is 45-50 ℃, the optimum reaction pH is 6.8-7.0.0.8-7.0, the medium temperature of the medium temperature amylase is a medium temperature, the medium temperature is a temperature, the medium temperature is suitable for digesting the medium temperature of a medium temperature, the medium temperature is suitable for digesting enzyme, the medium temperature is suitable for digesting medium temperature, the medium temperature is suitable for the medium temperature, the medium temperature is suitable for the medium temperature, the medium temperature is suitable for the medium temperature, the medium temperature is suitable for the medium temperature, the medium temperature is suitable for the medium temperature, the medium.
Further, in step 3), a twin-screw extrusion dehydrator can be used to dehydrate the second mixture, so that the moisture content of the obtained third mixture is controlled to be 30-60%, and the dry matter content of the secondary enzyme solution is controlled to be 1-40%.
Further, in the step 4), 0.01-1 part of microecologics, 0.01-1 part of xylanase, 0.01-1 part of neutral cellulase, 0.1-10 parts of xanthan gum, 0.1-10 parts of pectin, 1-100 parts of water and 1-100 parts of a third mixture are mixed according to parts by weight, the water content of the mixed materials is 1-50%, then the mixed materials are fermented and cultured for 24-96h under the condition of 20-80 ℃ to obtain a fourth mixture, and the fourth mixture is dried to obtain dietary fibers, wherein in the fourth mixture, the activity of the xylanase is 10-100U/g, the activity of the neutral cellulase is 10-100U/g, the xylanase is a complex enzyme system for degrading xylan molecules, the composition is more complex, and comprises β -xylanase, β -D-xylosidase, α -L-furan type arabinosidase, acetylxylan esterase, phenolic acid esterase and the like, wherein β -D-xylanase is a main degrading enzyme, the hemicellulose xylanase acts on the internal side of the xylanase to degrade the xylan, and the internal side of the xylanase is a short-cut xylan-4 bond, so that the xylanase is degraded by the internal side bond of the xylanase 2- βThe chain xylo-oligosaccharide generates a small amount of xylose, β -D-xylosidase acts on the short chain xylo-oligosaccharide and releases xylose residues by catalyzing the tail end of the xylo-oligosaccharide, the cellulase belongs to glycoside hydrolase and is traditionally divided into three components, namely 1, endoglucanase, commonly called CXEnzymes, known as EG enzymes, from fungi; 2. exoglucanases, i.e. cellobiohydrolases, commonly known as C1Enzymes, called CBH from fungi, 3, β -glucosidase, BG. cellulase for short, degrade cellulose as a result of a synergistic effect between the components of the enzyme.
The microbial ecological agent is prepared from bacterial powder of each single bacterial strain and talcum powder, and specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight, 0.01-1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.01-1 part of lactic acid bacteria, and 0.01-1 part of talcum powder, wherein the bacillus subtilis synthesizes α -amylase, protease, lipase, cellulose and other enzymes by itself, can decompose and utilize residual starch, protein, fat and cellulose in a third mixture, can metabolize to produce acetic acid and ethanol, can improve the smell of materials, prevent the growth of mold, can metabolize to produce lactic acid, can inhibit the propagation of heterobacteria and cellulase, and can promote the propagation of xylanase and cellulose by enzymolysis, and can be used as a carbon source for producing microbial cellulase.
Further, in the invention, the second enzyme solution obtained in step 3) is added into the first mixture of the next batch, the first mixture of the next batch is subjected to enzymolysis to obtain a second mixture of the next batch, and the second mixture of the next batch is dehydrated to obtain a third enzyme solution and a third mixture of the next batch; then separating the tertiary enzyme liquid by a rolled nanofiltration membrane to obtain a high-protein high-sugar byproduct; and the next batch of the third mixture is fermented according to step 4) of the process of the present invention to obtain dietary fiber. In the embodiment, the enzyme activities of neutral protease, medium temperature amylase and phytase in the secondary enzyme liquid are detected, and the enzyme activity loss is within 10%, so that the secondary enzyme liquid obtained in the step 3) is added into the first mixture of the next batch, the secondary enzyme liquid is used as the enzymolysis liquid of the next batch, and the secondary enzyme liquid contains a certain amount of soluble saccharides and proteins, and can enter the byproducts, thereby improving the yield of the byproducts; and the enzyme activity loss in the tertiary enzyme liquid is large, and the risk of contaminating mixed bacteria is increased, so that the tertiary enzyme liquid is separated to obtain a high-protein high-sugar byproduct. Further, 1-100 parts by weight of the secondary enzyme solution obtained in the step 3) is added into 1-100 parts by weight of the first mixture of the next batch, and the first mixture of the next batch is subjected to enzymolysis.
The invention also provides a dietary fiber product prepared by the method, and the product has strong water holding capacity of dietary fiber, high content of soluble dietary fiber, rich probiotics and certain functionality. The method combines an enzyme method and a fermentation method, and the enzymolysis is carried out before the fermentation, so that the content of the soluble dietary fiber in the product is further improved, the functionality of the product is improved, and the sense of the product is improved.
The invention also provides a high-protein high-sugar byproduct prepared by the method, and the byproduct is mostly small peptide with low molecular weight and carbohydrate with low molecular weight and can be used as a high-protein high-calorie feed product.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing 20 parts of wheat bran and 80 parts of rice bran, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to form a first mixture;
2) mixing the first mixture with 1 part of neutral protease, 0.20 part of medium-temperature amylase, 0.10 part of phytase and 60 parts of water, standing for enzymolysis for 8 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, and obtaining a second mixture for later use after enzymolysis;
3) dehydrating the second mixture by a double-screw extrusion dehydrator, and separating the second mixture into a second enzyme solution and a third mixture, wherein the dry matter content of the second enzyme solution is 8%, and the water content of the third mixture is 45%;
4) immediately adding the secondary enzyme solution into the first mixture of the next batch; carrying out rolled nanofiltration membrane separation on the three enzyme liquids obtained after the enzymolysis of the batch, wherein the separated high-protein high-sugar product is a byproduct;
5) mixing the third mixture with 0.20 part of xylanase, 0.20 part of cellulase, 0.01 part of microecologics, 1 part of xanthan gum, 1 part of pectin and 30 parts of water, and standing and fermenting at 25 ℃ for 24 hours to form a fourth mixture; the microecological preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.01 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.5 part of saccharomycete, 1 part of lactic acid bacteria and 1 part of talcum powder;
6) drying the fourth mixture to obtain a dietary fiber product;
7) detecting the finished product, wherein the total dietary fiber content is 60%, the soluble dietary fiber content is 50%, the insoluble dietary fiber content is 50%, the water holding capacity is 3.1g/g, the swelling degree is 3.8mL/g, the organic acid content is 1%, the total microbial count of the microecological microbial count is 1 multiplied by 106cfu/g；
The by-products were tested for protein content 25% and total sugar content 35%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing 30 parts of wheat bran and 70 parts of rice bran, and sieving with a 30-mesh sieve to form a first mixture;
2) mixing the first mixture with 0.1 part of neutral protease, 1 part of medium-temperature amylase, 1 part of phytase and 70 parts of water, standing for enzymolysis for 16 hours at 40 ℃, and obtaining a second mixture for later use after enzymolysis;
3) dehydrating the second mixture by a double-screw extrusion dehydrator, and separating the second mixture into a second enzyme solution and a third mixture, wherein the dry matter content of the second enzyme solution is 16%, and the water content of the third mixture is 50%;
4) immediately adding the secondary enzyme solution into the first mixture of the next batch; carrying out rolled nanofiltration membrane separation on the three enzyme liquids obtained after the enzymolysis of the batch, wherein the separated high-protein high-sugar product is a byproduct;
5) mixing the third mixture with 0.1 part of xylanase, 1 part of cellulase, 0.1 part of microecologics, 10 parts of xanthan gum, 3 parts of pectin and 40 parts of water, and standing and fermenting at 30 ℃ for 48 hours to form a fourth mixture; the microecological preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.01 part of saccharomycetes, 0.3 part of lactic acid bacteria and 0.8 part of talcum powder;
6) drying the fourth mixture to obtain a dietary fiber product;
7) detecting finished products, wherein the total dietary fiber content is 65%, the soluble dietary fiber content is 60%, the insoluble dietary fiber content is 30%, the water holding capacity is 3.8g/g, the swelling degree is 4.7mL/g, the organic acid content is 2.7%, and the total microbial count of the microbial ecological population is 3 multiplied by 108cfu/g；
The by-products were tested for protein content 30% and total sugar content 40%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing 40 parts of wheat bran and 60 parts of rice bran, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to form a first mixture;
2) mixing the first mixture with 0.5 part of neutral protease, 1 part of medium-temperature amylase, 0.7 part of phytase and 80 parts of water, standing for enzymolysis for 24 hours at 50 ℃, and obtaining a second mixture for later use after enzymolysis;
3) dehydrating the second mixture by a double-screw extrusion dehydrator, and separating the second mixture into a second enzyme solution and a third mixture, wherein the dry matter content of the second enzyme solution is 22%, and the moisture content of the third mixture is 55%;
4) immediately adding the secondary enzyme solution into the first mixture of the next batch; carrying out rolled nanofiltration membrane separation on the three enzyme liquids obtained after the enzymolysis of the batch, wherein the separated high-protein high-sugar product is a byproduct;
5) mixing 40 parts of the third mixture with 0.5 part of xylanase, 0.4 part of cellulase, 1 part of microecological agent, 6 parts of xanthan gum, 6 parts of pectin and 50 parts of water, and standing and fermenting at 35 ℃ for 72 hours to form a fourth mixture; the microecological preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.5 part of saccharomycete, 0.01 part of lactic acid bacteria and 0.5 part of talcum powder;
6) drying the fourth mixture to obtain a dietary fiber product;
7) detecting the finished product, wherein the total dietary fiber content is 70%, the soluble dietary fiber content is 65%, the insoluble dietary fiber content is 35%, the water holding capacity is 5.8g/g, the swelling degree is 5.3mL/g, the organic acid content is 3.6%, and the total microbial count of the microecological microbial count is 5 multiplied by 108cfu/g；
The by-products were tested and contained 35% protein and 45% total sugar.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing 60 parts of wheat bran and 40 parts of rice bran, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to form a first mixture;
2) mixing the first mixture with 1 part of neutral protease, 0.01 part of medium-temperature amylase, 0.5 part of phytase and 100 parts of water, standing for enzymolysis for 8 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and obtaining a second mixture for later use after enzymolysis;
3) dehydrating the second mixture by a double-screw extrusion dehydrator, and separating the second mixture into a second enzyme solution and a third mixture, wherein the dry matter content of the second enzyme solution is 20%, and the water content of the third mixture is 60%;
4) immediately adding the secondary enzyme solution into the first mixture of the next batch; carrying out rolled nanofiltration membrane separation on the three enzyme liquids obtained after the enzymolysis of the batch, wherein the separated high-protein high-sugar product is a byproduct;
5) mixing the third mixture with 0.5 part of xylanase, 1 part of cellulase, 1 part of microecologics, 5 parts of xanthan gum, 10 parts of pectin and 80 parts of water, and standing and fermenting at 50 ℃ for 24 hours to form a fourth mixture; the microecological preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.1 part of saccharomycete, 0.1 part of lactic acid bacteria and 0.3 part of talcum powder;
6) drying the fourth mixture to obtain a dietary fiber product;
7) detecting the finished product, wherein the total dietary fiber content is 78%, the soluble dietary fiber content is 70%, the insoluble dietary fiber content is 25%, the water holding capacity is 6.2g/g, the swelling degree is 5.9mL/g, the organic acid content is 4.1%, and the total microbial count of the microecological microbial count is 2 multiplied by 107cfu/g；
The by-products were tested and contained 40% protein and 50% total sugar.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing 80 parts of wheat bran and 20 parts of rice bran, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to form a first mixture;
2) mixing the first mixture with 0.2 part of neutral protease, 1 part of medium-temperature amylase, 1 part of phytase and 90 parts of water, standing for enzymolysis for 8 hours at 80 ℃, and obtaining a second mixture for later use after enzymolysis;
3) dehydrating the second mixture by a double-screw extrusion dehydrator, and separating the second mixture into a second enzyme solution and a third mixture, wherein the dry matter content of the second enzyme solution is 8%, and the water content of the third mixture is 45%;
4) immediately adding the secondary enzyme solution into the first mixture of the next batch; carrying out rolled nanofiltration membrane separation on the three enzyme liquids obtained after the enzymolysis of the batch, wherein the separated high-protein high-sugar product is a byproduct;
5) mixing the third mixture with 1 part of xylanase, 1 part of cellulase, 0.5 part of microecologics, 5 parts of xanthan gum, 7 parts of pectin and 100 parts of water, and standing and fermenting at 80 ℃ for 24 hours to form a fourth mixture; the microecological preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of saccharomycete, 0.7 part of lactic acid bacteria and 1 part of talcum powder;
6) drying the fourth mixture to obtain a dietary fiber product;
7) detecting the finished product, wherein the total dietary fiber content is 80%, the soluble dietary fiber content is 76%, the insoluble dietary fiber content is 21%, the water holding capacity is 7g/g, the swelling degree is 6mL/g, the organic acid content is 5%, and the total microbial count of the microecological microbial count is 6 multiplied by 108cfu/g；
The by-products were tested and contained 45% protein and 50% total sugar.
Counting the total dietary fiber, soluble dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, water-holding capacity, swelling capacity, organic acid and total microbial count of the dietary fiber products in the examples 1 to 5, it can be seen that the total dietary fiber content of the dietary fiber products obtained by the invention is 60-80%, the soluble dietary fiber content is 50-76%, the insoluble dietary fiber content is 20-50%, the water-holding capacity is 3-7g/g, the swelling capacity is 3.8-6mL/g, the organic acid content is 1-5%, and the total microbial count of the microbial count is 106-109cfu/g. The obtained by-product has protein content of 25-45% and total sugar content of 35-50%.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mixing wheat bran and rice bran in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
2) mixing the first mixture with neutral protease, medium-temperature amylase, phytase and water, and performing enzymolysis to obtain a second mixture;
3) dehydrating the second mixture to obtain a secondary enzyme solution and a third mixture;
4) adding the microecological preparation, xylanase, neutral cellulase, xanthan gum and pectin into the third mixture for fermentation to obtain a fourth mixture; and drying the fourth mixture to obtain the dietary fiber.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the dietary fiber is prepared from wheat bran and rice bran, and the method comprises the following steps: adding the secondary enzyme solution obtained in the step 3) into the first mixture of the next batch, carrying out enzymolysis on the first mixture of the next batch to obtain a second mixture of the next batch, and dehydrating the second mixture of the next batch to obtain a third enzyme solution and a third mixture of the next batch; then separating the third enzyme liquid by a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a high-protein high-sugar byproduct.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the dietary fiber is prepared from wheat bran and rice bran, and the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1), 1-500 parts of wheat bran and 1-500 parts of rice bran are mixed according to parts by weight to obtain a first mixture.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the dietary fiber is prepared from wheat bran and rice bran, and the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2), 1-100 parts of the first mixture, 0.01-1 part of neutral protease, 0.01-1 part of medium temperature amylase, 0.01-1 part of phytase and 1-100 parts of water are mixed according to parts by weight, so that the water content of the mixed material is controlled at 10-90%, and then the mixed material is subjected to enzymolysis for 4-48 hours at the temperature of 20-80 ℃ to obtain a second mixture.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the dietary fiber is prepared from wheat bran and rice bran, and the method comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the moisture content of the obtained third mixture is controlled to be 30-60%, and the dry matter content of the secondary enzyme solution is controlled to be 1-40%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the dietary fiber is prepared from wheat bran and rice bran, and the method comprises the following steps: in the step 4), 0.01-1 part of microecologics, 0.01-1 part of xylanase, 0.01-1 part of neutral cellulase, 0.1-10 parts of xanthan gum, 0.1-10 parts of pectin, 1-100 parts of water and 1-100 parts of the third mixture are mixed according to parts by weight, so that the water content of the mixed materials is controlled at 1-50%, and then the mixed materials are fermented and cultured for 24-96h at the temperature of 20-80 ℃ to obtain a fourth mixture.
7. The method for preparing dietary fiber from wheat bran and rice bran according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: the microecological preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.01-1 part of saccharomycete, 0.01-1 part of lactic acid bacteria and 0.01-1 part of talcum powder.
8. The method for preparing dietary fiber using wheat bran and rice bran according to claim 2, wherein: adding 1-100 parts by weight of the secondary enzyme solution obtained in the step 3) into 1-100 parts by weight of the first mixture of the next batch, and carrying out enzymolysis on the first mixture of the next batch.
9. A dietary fiber product prepared by the method of claim 1.
10. A high protein, high sugar by-product produced by the process of claim 2.
CN201911039846.5A 2019-10-29 2019-10-29 Method for preparing dietary fiber by using wheat bran and rice bran and product Pending CN110742282A (en)

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