CN110736826A - mortar construction performance testing device and testing method - Google Patents
mortar construction performance testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110736826A CN110736826A CN201911179612.0A CN201911179612A CN110736826A CN 110736826 A CN110736826 A CN 110736826A CN 201911179612 A CN201911179612 A CN 201911179612A CN 110736826 A CN110736826 A CN 110736826A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01N33/38—Concrete; ceramics; glass; bricks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
- G01N11/14—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by using rotary bodies, e.g. vane
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Abstract
mortar constructability testing methods include the steps of arranging mortar to be tested on a base material as a test piece, arranging a trowel on the test piece at a preset height and an inclination angle, pulling the trowel to move on the test piece, recording a tension-displacement curve of the trowel, calculating an integral area of the tension-displacement curve, and obtaining a mortar constructability index to be tested, wherein controls the moving speed of the trowel in a digital mode, records the tension-displacement curve in the test process, can integrally, objectively and comprehensively present mortar constructability data, adopts a result obtained by integral or average value operation of the integral test data as an evaluation index of the mortar constructability, can effectively reflect the integral performance of the mortar constructability, and can effectively eliminate external interference of equipment caused by friction force and the like through data processing, and test results of different equipment are comparable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building mortar tests, and particularly relates to a testing device and a testing method for the construction performance of types of mortar.
Background
The large-scale building mortar has obvious influence on construction speed, labor intensity and engineering quality due to the construction property, and the mortar varieties with higher requirements on the construction property mainly comprise common plastering mortar, thin-layer plastering mortar, plastering mortar for an external heat insulation system, tile bonding mortar, plastering mortar for aerated concrete, interface mortar, putty, plastering gypsum, facing mortar, ground leveling mortar and the like, and most of the mortars need to be manually leveled by using a trowel.
However, the workability of the mortar can only be indirectly represented, and the quality of the workability of the mortar cannot be faithfully reflected, so in the actual engineering, the quality of the workability of the mortar has to be judged by means of the actual operation hand feeling of construction workers, but different workers and workers evaluate the workability of the mortar at different times, so that the evaluation results are greatly different.
However, the scheme has the problems that is that resistance interferences such as self friction and the like of different test devices (particularly sliding assemblies) are different, so that the measurement results of different devices are not comparable, and secondly, when the sliding plate (equivalent to a trowel) moves on the surface of mortar, aspect of the sliding plate is always in a dynamic change state due to uneven texture of the mortar, and in addition, aspect of the sliding plate, because the mortar accumulated in front of the sliding plate is more and more in the moving process, the spring tension of the sliding plate is gradually increased, so that accurate reading cannot be carried out by adopting a spring tension meter, and the error of the measurement result is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the application provides mortar constructability test methods which are concise in operation process, accurate in measurement data and strong in measurement result reference.
The invention provides an mortar constructability testing device and a testing method.
mortar construction performance testing methods comprise the following steps of (1) arranging mortar to be tested on a base material to serve as a test piece, (2) arranging a trowel on the test piece according to a preset height and an inclination angle, (3) pulling the trowel to move on the test piece, and recording a tension-displacement curve of the trowel, and (4) calculating an integral area of the tension-displacement curve, namely a mortar construction performance index to be tested.
And () in the step (4), the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve at no load is subtracted from the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve obtained in the step (3), and then the integral area of the tension-displacement curve is calculated.
, the method for obtaining the numerical value of the no-load tension-displacement curve includes setting the trowel at the same height and inclination angle as the actual test process under the no-load condition, pulling the trowel to move, and recording the tension-displacement curve of the trowel, namely the no-load tension-displacement curve.
And () in the step (4), replacing the integral area of the tension-displacement curve with the average tension value in the tension-displacement curve.
And , arranging the testing surface of the mortar to be tested horizontally, vertically or obliquely.
And , the thickness of the mortar to be tested is 2-50 mm.
, the height of the trowel is set as 1-49 mm for pressing in the mortar to be tested.
, the preset inclination angle of the trowel is 5-90 degrees from the moving direction.
And , the moving speed of the trowel on the testing surface of the mortar to be tested is 2-500 mm/min.
And , moving the trowel on the mortar testing surface to be tested through the slide way.
, the tension and moving speed of the trowel are provided by a computer controlled tester.
And , recording the tension-displacement curve of the trowel by a computer-controlled testing machine.
And , moving the trowel on the test surface at a constant speed or at a variable speed.
, the base material is standard concrete plate meeting JC/T547 requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the mortar constructability testing method has the advantages that controls the moving speed of the trowel in a digital mode and records a tension-displacement curve in the testing process, mortar construction performance data can be integrally, objectively and comprehensively presented, the result obtained after integral or average value operation is carried out on the integral testing data is used as an evaluation index of mortar constructability, the integral performance of the mortar constructability can be effectively reflected, external interference caused by friction and the like of equipment can be effectively eliminated through data processing, the testing results of different equipment are comparable, the testing area, the testing thickness and the testing speed of the testing sample are fixed due to the fact that the size of a mortar sample is fixed, the trowel is fixed through the fixed height and the angle of the movable shaft, the slide block and the slide way, and displacement in unit time of a tension machine are fixed, the testing area, the testing thickness and the testing speed of the testing sample are high in comparability, the thickness of the sample and the height and the angle of the trowel can be accurately tested, six differences in mortar constructability are accurately tested, the sliding effect of sliding of the slide block and the sliding of a sliding block is greatly reduced due to the matching of a sliding bearing force of a steel wire rope in a sliding process of a plastering test, and the sliding force of a steel wire rope is greatly reduced, and the sliding efficiency of a sliding belt is effectively matched with a sliding platform in a sliding process of a plastering test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall flow chart of the construction property testing method for kinds of mortar provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of specific test results of the mortar workability test method provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of mortar workability testing devices provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of mortar workability testing devices provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a side view of mortar workability testing devices provided by the invention.
In the drawing, the device comprises a workbench 1, a slide rail 2, a sliding block 3, a sliding block 4, a connecting piece , a nut 5, a movable shaft 6, a movable shaft 7, a screw 8, a trowel 9, a steel wire rope 10, a pulley , a shaft 10-1, a shaft , a connecting seat , a pulley II 11, a shaft II 11-1, a connecting seat II 11-2, an electronic universal testing machine 12, and a connecting piece II 13.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description provides a detailed description of the invention with reference to the drawings and examples.
The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims. Unless otherwise specified, devices, materials, and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples of the present invention are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
The mortar of the invention is understood by meaning and comprises plastering mortar, putty, plastering gypsum and the like.
Example 1
This example gives mortar workability test methods.
As shown in figure 1, the mortar construction performance testing method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging mortar to be tested on a base material to serve as a test piece, (2) arranging a trowel on the test piece at a preset height and an inclination angle, (3) pulling the trowel to move on the test piece, and recording a tension-displacement curve of the trowel, (4) calculating an integral area of the tension-displacement curve, namely a mortar construction performance index to be tested, wherein the tension of the trowel is gradually increased due to the fact that more and more mortar is accumulated in front of the trowel in the moving process, and the mortar construction performance in the whole testing process is difficult to be comprehensively reflected simply through the tension of position points.
In order to overcome the interference of friction force and the like existing in different measuring devices on the measuring result, the method can be optimized as follows: in the step (4), the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve obtained in the step (3) is subtracted by the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve in no load, and then the integral area of the tension-displacement curve is calculated. The method for acquiring the numerical value of the unloaded tension-displacement curve comprises the following steps: under the condition of no load, setting the trowel at the same height and inclination angle as the actual test process; pulling the trowel to move, and recording a tension-displacement curve of the trowel, namely an unloaded tension-displacement curve. The no-load tension-displacement curve reflects errors introduced to the measurement result by the self friction force of the equipment and the like, so that the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve obtained in the step (3) is subtracted from the numerical value of the no-load tension-displacement curve to obtain the result, namely the 'net resistance' of the mortar to the trowel, and the 'net resistance' can accurately show the construction performance of the mortar.
As equivalent technical solutions, the method can be modified in that in the step (4), the integral area of the tension-displacement curve is replaced by the average tension value in the tension-displacement curve, and the average tension value is the quotient obtained by dividing the sum of the tension values of each counting point in the tension-displacement curve by the sum of the counting points.
Specifically, in the testing process, the testing surface of the mortar to be tested is horizontally arranged, vertically arranged or obliquely arranged; the thickness of the mortar to be tested is 2-50 mm; the preset height of the trowel is as follows: 1-49 mm of mortar to be tested is pressed in; the preset inclination angle of the trowel is as follows: the included angle between the moving direction and the moving direction is 5-90 degrees; the moving speed of the trowel on the testing surface of the mortar to be tested is as follows: 2-500 mm/min.
Specifically, the trowel moves on the mortar testing surface to be tested through a slide way; the tension and the moving speed of the trowel are provided by a testing machine controlled by a computer; the tension-displacement curve of the trowel is recorded by a testing machine controlled by a computer; the movement of the trowel on the test surface is uniform movement or variable-speed movement so as to increase the objectivity and accuracy of measurement.
The substrate is preferably a standard concrete slab meeting JC/T547 requirements.
As shown in figure 2, the actual measurement results of batches are obtained by adopting the method, in the figure, the mortar after being stirred by adding water has the consistency value within 95 +/-2 mm according to the existing standard method, the moving speed of a trowel is 100mm/min, and the 4 curves from top to bottom are respectively as follows:
the tension-displacement curve is obtained after HPMC (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether) is not added into the mortar and water is added and stirred for 110 min;
the tension-displacement curve is obtained 40min after HPMC is not added into the mortar and water is added for stirring;
adding 0.03% of HPMC (hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose) into the mortar, adding water, and stirring to obtain a tension-displacement curve at 110 min;
and adding 0.03 percent of HPMC (hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose) into the mortar, adding water, and stirring to obtain a tension-displacement curve at 40 min.
Analysis of the curves shows that under the same conditions, compared with the mortar without HPMC, shows that the plastering resistance of the mortar is remarkably reduced after the HPMC is added, and shows that the plastering resistance of the mortar is increased after the mortar is stirred by adding water and is placed for .
Example 2
The mortar constructability testing devices provided by the embodiment of the invention are used for carrying out the mortar constructability testing method described in the embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the construction performance testing device for kinds of mortar comprises a base material arranged on a workbench 1, a trowel 8, a limiting movement device, a transmission device and a traction measuring device.
The base material is used for setting mortar to be tested; the limiting movement device comprises a movement part and a fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly arranged on the workbench 1, and the movement part is movably connected to the fixing part; the trowel is arranged on the moving part, and the lower edge of the trowel faces the base material; the traction measuring device has the functions of carrying out traction control on the running speed of the traction end and carrying out data acquisition on the traction force-displacement relation; the traction end of the traction measuring device is connected with the moving part or the trowel through the transmission device.
When the traction end of the traction measuring device is retracted, the moving part or the trowel is drawn by the transmission device to move along the direction defined by the fixed part, so that the lower edge of the trowel moves in parallel from the upper side of the base material.
Preferably, the trowel is mounted on the moving part through an adjusting device, and the adjusting device can realize continuous adjustment of the height and the inclination angle of the trowel relative to the mortar to be tested.
The adjusting device comprises two connecting pieces and a movable shaft 6, the two connecting pieces are respectively mounted on the upper portions of the two sliders 3, the upper portions of the two connecting pieces are provided with groove-shaped holes, the movable shaft 6 penetrates through the groove-shaped holes of the two connecting pieces 4 and is fixed with the connecting pieces through nuts 5, the movable shaft 6 is provided with screw holes for mounting screws 7 and is used for fixing a trowel 8, the trowel 8 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the movable shaft 6, the distance between the two slideways 2 is greater than 200mm, the length of each slideway 2 is greater than 400mm, the adjustable angle of the movable shaft 6 is 360 degrees, and the adjustable height distance is greater than 10 mm.
Preferably, the trowel is mounted on the moving part through an adjusting device, and the adjusting device is used for realizing continuous adjustment of the height and the inclination angle of the trowel relative to the mortar to be tested. Specifically, the angle and height of the movable shaft 6 can be changed by adjusting the nut 5, so that the height and inclination angle of the trowel 8 can be adjusted.
The base material is used for arranging mortar to be tested. Preferably, the base material is a standard concrete slab with a rectangular structure and meeting JC/T547 requirements, and is fixedly arranged on the table top of the workbench 1 and positioned between the two slideways 2.
Specifically, the traction measuring device can adopt an electronic universal testing machine 12 with a mature technology.
The transmission device comprises a steel wire rope 9, a th sliding component 10 and a second sliding component 11, wherein the end of the steel wire rope 9 is fixed on a screw 7, the end of the steel wire rope penetrates through the th sliding component 10 and the second sliding component 11 and then is connected with a stretching head of the electronic universal testing machine 12, the th sliding component 10 is arranged at the upper part of the workbench 1 and close to the end of the electronic universal testing machine 12, and the second sliding component 11 is arranged on a base of the electronic universal testing machine 12.
the sliding component 10 includes a pulley 10 with a bearing, a shaft 10-1 and a connecting seat 10-2, the connecting seat 10-2 is fixed at the end of the workbench 1, the upper part of the connecting seat 10-2 is provided with a groove-shaped hole, the two ends of the shaft 10-1 penetrate through the upper groove-shaped hole of the connecting seat 10-2 and are fixed by nuts, the pulley 10 with a bearing is sleeved on the shaft 10-1, the second sliding component 11 includes a pulley second 11 with a bearing, a shaft second 11-1 and a connecting seat second 11-2, the connecting seat second 11-2 is fixed on the base of the electronic universal tester 12 through a connecting piece second 13, the upper part of the connecting seat second 11-2 is provided with a groove-shaped hole, the two ends of the shaft second 11-1 penetrate through the upper groove-shaped hole of the connecting seat second 11-2 and are fixed by nuts, and the pulley second 11 with a bearing is sleeved on the shaft second 11-1.
In addition, the electronic universal testing machine further comprises an upper computer, wherein the upper computer is electrically connected with the electronic universal testing machine 12 and is used for storing, analyzing and/or displaying the data acquired by the electronic universal testing machine 12. The upper computer is a desktop computer, a notebook computer or an industrial personal computer.
During testing, the newly mixed mortar is smeared and pressed on a standard concrete substrate according to the specified specification to be used as a test piece, the test piece is placed at the set position at the upper part of the workbench 1, the installation height and the inclination angle of the trowel 8 are adjusted, then the electronic universal testing machine 12 is started to uniformly smear layers of mortar on the trowel 8, and a tension-displacement curve is recorded to evaluate the constructability of the newly mixed mortar.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and not restrictive, and many modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the invention and the scope of the claims be determined by those skilled in the art.
Claims (14)
- The method for testing the constructability of mortar is characterized by comprising the following steps:(1) setting mortar to be tested on a base material as a test piece;(2) arranging a trowel on the test piece at a preset height and an inclination angle;(3) pulling the trowel to move on the test piece, and recording a tension-displacement curve of the trowel;(4) and calculating the integral area of the tension-displacement curve, namely the mortar constructability index to be measured.
- 2. The mortar workability test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (4), the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve obtained in the step (3) is subtracted by the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve in no load, and then the integral area of the tension-displacement curve is calculated.
- 3. The mortar workability test method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method for acquiring the numerical value of the unloaded tension-displacement curve comprises the following steps:under the condition of no load, setting the trowel at the same height and inclination angle as the actual test process;pulling the trowel to move, and recording a tension-displacement curve of the trowel, namely an unloaded tension-displacement curve.
- 4. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (4), the integral area of the tension-displacement curve is replaced by the average tension value in the tension-displacement curve.
- 5. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the testing surface of the mortar to be tested is horizontally arranged, vertically arranged or obliquely arranged.
- 6. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the thickness of the mortar to be tested is 2-50 mm.
- 7. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the preset height of the trowel is as follows: the mortar to be tested is pressed in 1-49 mm.
- 8. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the preset inclination angle of the trowel is as follows: the included angle between the moving direction and the moving direction is 5-90 degrees.
- 9. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the moving speed of the trowel on the testing surface of the mortar to be tested is as follows: 2-500 mm/min.
- 10. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the trowel moves on the mortar testing surface to be tested through the slide way.
- 11. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the tension and the moving speed of the trowel are provided by a testing machine controlled by a computer.
- 12. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the tension-displacement curve of the trowel is recorded by a testing machine controlled by a computer.
- 13. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the trowel moves on the test surface at a constant speed or at a variable speed.
- 14. The mortar workability test method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the base material is a standard concrete slab meeting JC/T547 requirements.
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| WO2021248881A1 (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-16 | 广西大学 | Quantitative evaluation method for analyzing concrete workability on basis of bottom resistance |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2021248881A1 (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-16 | 广西大学 | Quantitative evaluation method for analyzing concrete workability on basis of bottom resistance |
| US11630097B2 (en) | 2020-06-09 | 2023-04-18 | Guangxi University | Quantitative evaluation method for workability of concrete based on bottom resistance analysis |
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| CN110736826B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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