CN110735853B - Elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing - Google Patents
Elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110735853B CN110735853B CN201911333651.1A CN201911333651A CN110735853B CN 110735853 B CN110735853 B CN 110735853B CN 201911333651 A CN201911333651 A CN 201911333651A CN 110735853 B CN110735853 B CN 110735853B
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- bearing
- wall surface
- bearing sleeve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing, which comprises a bearing sleeve and an elastic supporting assembly arranged in the bearing sleeve, wherein the elastic supporting assembly comprises a flat foil and a spring piece positioned between the flat foil and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve, and the spring piece is of a gradual change net-shaped structure; the spring sheet body is provided with a plurality of supporting bodies, the front ends and the rear ends of the supporting bodies are propped against the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve, and the width of the front supporting body is larger than that of the rear supporting body; the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve are eccentrically arranged; the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve is provided with a slot, and the edge part of the elastic support component is inserted into the slot; the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing is provided with the air wedge surface, so that a lower flying rotating speed can be obtained at a low speed, and the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing is more stable and has a higher limit rotating speed at a high speed; the spring piece replaces an arched corrugated foil, so that the bearing capacity and the impact resistance of the bearing are obviously improved; the elastic support component is inserted into the bearing sleeve, so that the bearing is easier to maintain and has longer service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air bearings, in particular to an elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing.
Background
The bearing is an important part in the modern mechanical equipment and has very wide application. As the rotational speed of rotating machinery increases, or as the environment demands it, conventional bearings become bottlenecks that limit the development of these technologies. Compared with other bearings, the produced dynamic pressure air bearing has the characteristics of no need of lubrication, high working rotating speed, small mechanical loss, low maintenance cost and good stability, and is increasingly widely applied.
In the currently applied air bearing, an arch-shaped wave foil is mostly adopted as a flexible support of a flat foil, but the waveform and the height of the arch-shaped wave foil determine the performance of the bearing, the bearing capacity of the bearing is reduced by too small height, and the rigidity of the bearing is reduced by too large height; meanwhile, the consistency of the arched wave foil determines the stability and reliability of the air bearing, so the requirement on the manufacturing process of the arched wave foil is strict. In addition, the foil type dynamic pressure air bearing in the prior art mostly adopts a form that one end is fixed, the other end is free, and the inner part and the outer part of the bearing sleeve are concentric, so that the shifting amount of the flat foil is large, and the takeoff rotating speed of the bearing is high. Because of the working characteristics of the dynamic pressure air bearing, the rotating shaft can rub against the inner surface of the bearing flat foil in the starting and stopping stages, so that the bearing needs to be maintained or the flat foil needs to be replaced after the rotating shaft runs for a certain time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: an elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing with high bearing capacity and impact resistance is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing, comprising: the bearing sleeve and set up in the elastic support subassembly in the bearing sleeve, the elastic support subassembly includes the flat foil piece of spring leaf, the spring leaf is located between the inner wall face of flat foil piece with the bearing sleeve, the spring leaf is network structure.
According to the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing, the spring piece with the net-shaped structure is adopted to replace an arch-shaped bump foil commonly used on the conventional dynamic pressure air bearing, the spring piece with the net-shaped structure plays a role in elastic supporting and shock absorption, the influence of the manufacturing tolerance of the bump foil on the stability and the reliability of the bearing can be avoided, the damage caused by the vault collapse of the bump foil under heavy load or impact load of the bearing is avoided, and the bearing capacity and the impact resistance of the air bearing are obviously improved.
The following are further improvements to the flexible foil type dynamical pressure air bearing of the present invention:
the spring piece comprises a spring piece body, a plurality of supporting bodies are arranged on the spring piece body, connecting ribs and hollow gaps are reserved between the adjacent supporting bodies, and the front ends of the supporting bodies and the rear ends of the supporting bodies are all abutted against the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve.
The spring piece is of a gradual change net structure, and the width of the support body positioned at the front part is larger than that of the support body positioned at the rear part along the rotating direction of a shaft matched with the bearing.
Because the width of the front supporting body is larger than that of the rear supporting body, the supporting force which is gradually enhanced from back to front can be generated on the flat foil covered on the spring piece, the shape of the gap between the flat foil and the shaft is adjusted, an air film which is thinned from back to front is formed between the shaft and the bearing when the shaft rotates, and an air wedge surface required by the takeoff of the air bearing is formed.
The supporting body is provided with a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the positions of the supporting bodies in adjacent rows or adjacent columns are staggered. The staggered arrangement makes the arrangement of the supporting bodies denser and the elastic supporting and damping effects better.
Wherein the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve and the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve are eccentrically arranged. The inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve adopt non-concentric design, so that the bearing is provided with an air wedge surface, and a lower flying rotating speed can be obtained at a low speed.
The inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve is provided with a slot, and the edge of the elastic support component is inserted into the slot. The elastic supporting component and the bearing sleeve are inserted without additional welding or pin shafts, so that the maintainability of the bearing is greatly improved, and the worn flat foil can be conveniently replaced without damaging other parts of the bearing; compare in the fixed other end free mode of prior art's one end, all receive the restraint because of the both sides of elastic support subassembly, can prevent flat foil piece drunkenness, reduce the take-off rotational speed of bearing.
The bearing sleeve comprises a bearing sleeve and is characterized in that a raised line parallel to the axial direction is arranged on the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve, the cross section of the raised line is in a T shape, and slots, namely a front slot and a rear slot, are formed between the two sides of the raised line and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve.
Wherein the slot width of the front slot is smaller than the slot width of the rear slot. Because the groove widths of the two sides of the convex strip are different, the distances from the two sides of the elastic support assembly inserted into the slot to the axis are different, and favorable conditions are created for forming the air wedge surface.
The top surface of the convex strip is an arc surface concentric with the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve. The top arc surface of the raised line is matched with the surface of the shaft neck of the shaft, which is beneficial to smooth rotation of the shaft.
The elastic support assembly comprises a bearing sleeve, a plurality of convex strips and an elastic support assembly, wherein the convex strips are arranged at intervals along the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve, the elastic support assembly is arranged at intervals, the front edge of the elastic support assembly is inserted into the rear side slot of the previous convex strip, and the rear edge of the elastic support assembly is inserted into the front side slot of the next convex strip.
Wherein, the surface of the flat foil is provided with a high-temperature resistant and wear resistant coating.
And two ends of the bearing sleeve are respectively provided with a check ring for positioning the elastic support component.
In summary, after the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing adopts the spring piece with the gradually-changed net-shaped structure, and is matched with the non-concentric design of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve, so that the bearing is provided with the air wedge surface, the lower flying rotating speed can be obtained at low speed, and the bearing is more stable and has higher limit rotating speed at high speed; meanwhile, due to the fact that the arched bump foil is abandoned, the influence of manufacturing tolerance of the bump foil on the stability and reliability of the bearing can be avoided, the damage caused by the vault collapse of the bump foil under heavy load or impact load of the bearing is avoided, and the bearing capacity and the impact resistance of the bearing can be remarkably improved; the elastic support component and the bearing sleeve are connected in an inserting mode, so that the bearing is easier to maintain and longer in service life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the bearing housing construction of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spring plate of FIG. 1 in a flattened state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the spring plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an elastomeric foil hydrodynamic air bearing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention in combination with a shaft;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elastomeric foil hydrodynamic air bearing of FIG. 6 in cooperation with a shaft;
in the figure: i-elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing; II-axis;
1-a bearing sleeve; 11-convex strips; 111-front slot; 112-a rear slot; 2-a flat foil; 3-spring leaf; 30-spring sheet body; 31-a support; 32-hollowing out the gaps; 33-connecting ribs; 4-inner retainer ring; 5-outer retainer ring; o1-the center of the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve; o2-the center of the lower section of the inner wall surface of the bearing bush; l-the lower section of the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve is arc-shaped; s-clearance between the shaft and the bearing; h1-distance between the rear support and the spring blade; h2-distance between the support and the spring blade in front;
the circular arc arrow indicates the rotation direction of the shaft, the solid thick arrow area indicates the supporting force of the spring piece on the flat foil, and the hollow thick arrow area indicates the air wedge surface.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated in the following non-restrictive manner with reference to the figures and examples.
Herein, for convenience of description, the direction indicated by the shaft rotation arrow is defined as "front" and the direction opposite to "front" is defined as "rear" after the bearing is engaged with the shaft.
As shown in fig. 1, an elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing I according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the bearing sleeve 1 and set up the elastic support subassembly in the bearing sleeve 1, the elastic support subassembly includes spring leaf 3 and flat foil piece 2, wherein, spring leaf 3 is located between the internal face of flat foil piece 2 and bearing sleeve 1, and spring leaf 3 is network structure.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic view of a flattened state of the spring plate 3, the spring plate 3 includes a spring plate body 30, a plurality of supporting bodies 31 are disposed on the spring plate body 30, hollow gaps 32 and connecting ribs 33 are left between adjacent supporting bodies 31, and the supporting bodies 31 may be formed by laser cutting or stamping, etc., where the supporting bodies 31 may be in a shape of a diamond with truncated corners as shown in the figure, or may be in a shape of a rectangle, an ellipse, a circle, etc., and the shape of the supporting bodies 31 is not limited herein. As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 7, after the bearing is assembled and in the operating state, the spring piece 3 is in a curved shape, and the front end of the supporting body 31 and the rear end of the supporting body 31 both abut against the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve 1, that is: the front end of the supporting body 31 and the rear end of the supporting body 31 are both at a distance from the spring blade body 30, wherein the distance H1 between the supporting body located at the rear and the spring blade body 30 is smaller than the distance H2 between the supporting body located at the front and the spring blade body 30. Further, the spring plate 3 is designed to be a gradual change net structure, namely: the width of the support 31 at the front is larger than that of the support 31 at the rear along the rotation direction of the shaft II matched with the bearing, and because the width of the front support is larger than that of the rear support, a supporting force which is gradually enhanced from back to front can be generated on the flat foil piece 2 covered on the spring piece 3, and as shown by a solid thick arrow area in FIG. 7, the shape of the gap between the flat foil piece 2 and the shaft II, namely the shape of the gap S between the shaft and the bearing, is adjusted; an air film which is thinned from back to front is formed between the shaft and the bearing in the rotating process to form an air wedge surface required by the takeoff of the air bearing, and the buoyancy generated by the air film enables the shaft and the bearing to rotate without contact as shown by the thick arrow area in the hollow center in fig. 7. Wherein, still further, the support body 31 is provided with multirow multiseriate, and the support body position of adjacent row or adjacent row is crisscross, and the crisscross setting makes the support body 31 arrange denser, and the elastic support is with better shock attenuation effect.
As shown in fig. 2, the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve 1 is eccentric to the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve 1, that is: the circle center O2 of the lower section of the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve corresponding to the arc L of the lower section of the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve is offset backwards and downwards relative to the circle center O1 of the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve. The inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve 1 are designed to be non-concentric, so that the bearing is provided with an air wedge surface in a static state, and the shaft can obtain a lower flying rotating speed at a low speed.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the inner wall surface of the bearing housing 1 is provided with a slot into which the edge of the elastic support member is inserted. Specifically, the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve 1 is provided with a convex strip 11 parallel to the axial direction, the cross section of the convex strip 11 is approximately T-shaped, and the slots are formed between both sides of the convex strip 11 and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve 1 and are respectively named as a front slot 111 and a rear slot 112. Further, the groove width of the front slot 111 is smaller than the groove width of the rear slot 112, and the distance between the two sides of the elastic support assembly inserted into the slots and the axis is different due to the different groove widths of the two sides of the raised strips 11, thereby creating favorable conditions for the formation of the air wedge surface. The top surface of the convex strip 11 is an arc surface concentric with the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve 1, and the top surface of the convex strip 11 is matched with the surface of the shaft neck of the shaft II, so that smooth rotation of the shaft is facilitated. Furthermore, along the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve 1, a plurality of elastic supporting components are arranged at intervals, a plurality of convex strips 11 are correspondingly arranged at intervals, the front edge of each elastic supporting component is inserted into the rear slot 112 of the previous convex strip 11, and the rear edge of the same elastic supporting component is inserted into the front slot 111 of the next convex strip 11; the figures illustrate three ribs and three resilient support members, and it is clear that the number illustrated is merely illustrative and not limiting.
The elastic supporting component and the bearing sleeve 1 are inserted through the slot without additional welding or pin shafts, so that the maintainability of the bearing is greatly improved, and the worn flat foil 2 can be conveniently replaced under the condition of not damaging other parts of the bearing; compare in the fixed other end free mode of prior art's one end, because of the both sides of elastic support subassembly all are retrained, can prevent flat foil piece 2 drunkenness, reduce the take-off rotational speed of bearing. In order to improve the wear resistance of the flat foil 2 and prolong the service life of the bearing, the surface of the flat foil 2 is further provided with a high-temperature resistant wear-resistant coating.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to realize the axial positioning of the elastic support assembly, two retaining rings are respectively arranged at two ends of the bearing sleeve 1. Specifically, a combined retainer ring is adopted in the present embodiment, the inner retainer ring 4 is used for positioning the elastic support assembly, and the outer retainer ring 5 is used for positioning the inner retainer ring 4.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing I of the present invention is engaged with a shaft II, and during operation, because the spring leaf 3 with the gradually-changed net-shaped structure replaces the common arch-shaped wave foil on the common dynamic pressure air bearing, the gradually-enhanced supporting force is generated along the rotating direction of the shaft II and is matched with the inner and outer non-concentric design of the bearing sleeve 1, so that the supporting force between the shaft II and the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing I in a cross section working surface is changed from back to front from small to large, and the clearance is changed from large to small, therefore, the bearing is provided with the air wedge surface, the air film forms the pressure required by the takeoff of the bearing more quickly in the rotating process of the shaft, because the supporting force comes from the elasticity of the spring piece 3, the consistency is better, the stress is more uniform, the bearing can generate higher supporting force at lower rotating speed, and the bearing can obtain lower flying rotating speed. Under the condition that the same shaft is at the same rotating speed, the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing can generate higher air film pressure compared with an arch-shaped wave foil type dynamic pressure air bearing, so that the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing is more stable at high speed and has higher limit rotating speed. Due to the fact that the arched bump foil is abandoned, the influence of manufacturing tolerance of the bump foil on the stability and reliability of the bearing can be avoided, the damage caused by the collapse of the bump foil vault of the bearing under heavy load or impact load is avoided, and the bearing capacity and the impact resistance of the elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing are remarkably improved. The elastic supporting component and the bearing sleeve 1 are inserted, so that the maintainability of the bearing is greatly improved, the worn flat foil 2 can be conveniently replaced under the condition of not damaging other parts of the bearing, the bearing is easier to maintain, and the service life is longer.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and details which have not been given in detail are known in the art, and are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention except as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. An elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing, comprising: the elastic support assembly comprises a spring piece and a flat foil piece, the spring piece is positioned between the flat foil piece and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve, and the spring piece is of a net structure;
the spring piece comprises a spring piece body, a plurality of supporting bodies are arranged on the spring piece body, connecting ribs and hollow gaps are reserved between every two adjacent supporting bodies, and the front end of each supporting body and the rear end of each supporting body are abutted against the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the spring piece is of a gradual change net-shaped structure, and the width of the support body positioned at the front part is larger than that of the support body positioned at the rear part along the rotating direction of a shaft matched with the bearing;
the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve and the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve are eccentrically arranged, and the circle center O of the lower section of the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve, corresponding to the lower section arc L of the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve2Relative to the circle center O of the outer wall surface of the bearing sleeve1Biased downward and rearward;
the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve is provided with a slot, and the edge part of the elastic support component is inserted into the slot; the bearing sleeve is characterized in that a raised line parallel to the axial direction is arranged on the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve, the cross section of the raised line is in a T shape, and slots, namely a front slot and a rear slot, are formed between the two sides of the raised line and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve; the slot width of the front slot is smaller than that of the rear slot.
2. The flexible foil type dynamic pressure air bearing of claim 1, wherein the support body is provided in a plurality of rows and columns, and the support bodies of adjacent rows or adjacent columns are staggered in position.
3. The dynamic pressure foil bearing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ribs are provided in plural at intervals along the inner wall surface of the bearing housing, the elastic support members are provided in plural at intervals, the front edges of the elastic support members are inserted into the rear side slots of the preceding ribs, and the rear edges of the elastic support members are inserted into the front side slots of the following ribs.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911333651.1A CN110735853B (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing |
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| CN201911333651.1A CN110735853B (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Elastic foil type dynamic pressure air bearing |
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| CN110735853A CN110735853A (en) | 2020-01-31 |
| CN110735853B true CN110735853B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111637149A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-08 | 西安交通大学 | Foil gas bearing with elastic damping structure |
| CN111664169B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-07-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Elastic support assembly and radial bearing adopting same |
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| AU2002220250A1 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2002-05-15 | Capstone Turbine Corporation | Bidirectional radial foil bearing |
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| WO2015038602A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | Xdot Engineering and Analysis, PLLC | Wing foil bearings and methods of manufacturing same |
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| CN110566572A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | Variable air gap foil bearing and high-speed motor |
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